Technology in Architecture Lecture 10 Mechanical Systems Lecture 10 Mechanical Systems.
-
Upload
moshe-pruitt -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of Technology in Architecture Lecture 10 Mechanical Systems Lecture 10 Mechanical Systems.
Technology in ArchitectureTechnology in ArchitectureTechnology in ArchitectureTechnology in Architecture
Lecture 10Mechanical Systems
Lecture 10Mechanical Systems
Mechanical SystemsMechanical Systems Mechanical SystemsMechanical Systems
Mechanical SystemsMechanical SystemsOrganize the Information Rank the energy use Design the building envelope/
Define the thermal zones Verify code compliance Define the HVAC system
requirements Select the system(s) Locate primary equipment Locate secondary equipment Locate distribution outlets Locate distribution paths
Architect
Engineer
Architect/Engineer/
Other Trades
Ranking the Energy UseRanking the Energy Use
Verify daylight/sunshine availabilityVerify costs of energyVerify programmatic uses of energy
(HVAC, Lighting, DHW, Process)Verify cost incentive opportunities
Design the Building Design the Building EnvelopeEnvelope
Evaluate passive thermal opportunities
Confirm material availability
Define tectonics
Select fenestration and shading systems
Jewett Art Center, Paul Rudolph
Design the Thermal ZonesDesign the Thermal Zones
Recognize passive solar opportunities and constraints
Design the Thermal ZonesDesign the Thermal Zones
Organize program to recognize Function Schedule Orientation Building Form Building Envelope Support Systems
Thermal Zones—Functions Thermal Zones—Functions
Organize program to recognize: Space usage and occupancy needs Temperature/humidity requirements Thermal inter-relationships
Thermal Zones—Schedule Thermal Zones—Schedule
Organize program to accommodate diverse schedules Time of day for compatible uses Interaction/noninteraction of uses
Thermal Zones — Thermal Zones — Orientation Orientation
Organize program to use orientation to enhance opportunities for: Direct sun Daylight Microclimates
Banff Aquatic Center, Alberta, CN
Thermal Zones — Building Thermal Zones — Building FormForm
Organize program to reflect building form Load dominance Self-shading
Price Tower, Frank Lloyd Wright
Thermal Zones — Thermal Zones — Building EnvelopeBuilding Envelope
Organize program to recognize opportunities for: Single skin Double skin
Thermal Zones—Support Thermal Zones—Support SystemsSystems
Organize program to recognize support systems effects: Centralized vs.
decentralized Distribution paths Raised floor/ceiling
plenum Controls
S: p. 433, F.10.48
Support Systems — Controls Support Systems — Controls
Control systems: Thermostats Building automation systems
Controls — Thermostats Controls — Thermostats
Thermostats: Do not locate on exterior wall Do not locate in direct sun Do not locate in direct path of HVAC
discharge Do not include portions of separate rooms
Locate in the zone it controls Locate in return air ducts
Controls—Automated Controls—Automated
Building automation systems User access to override features Centralized control station vs individual
control
S: p. 430, F.10.45
Verify Code ComplianceVerify Code Compliance
ASHRAE 90.1—Energy Code for Nonresidential Buildings
ASHRAE 90.2—Energy Code for Residential Buildings
ASHRAE 62-2001—Ventilation Code
Define HVAC System Define HVAC System RequirementsRequirements
Space conditions for temperature & humidity
Condition ranges & tolerances
Summer & Winter design conditions
Select SystemsSelect SystemsBased on: Performance capabilities Space psychrometric
criteria Construction cost Operating Cost
Solar Heliostats
Solar Power(ful)
Locate Primary EquipmentLocate Primary Equipment
Primary equipment uses raw energy to generate heating and cooling media (chilled water, hot water, or steam) Boilers Chillers Cooling Towers Accessory equipment (pumps, tanks, etc) Thermal storage systems
Locate Primary EquipmentLocate Primary Equipment
Location factors Service access at
grade or below grade with truck dock
Size/Volume Noise Fire safety Security Future expansion
of mechanical plant
LNCO Mechanical Room (during construction)
Locate Primary EquipmentLocate Primary Equipment
Location factors Service access at grade or
below grade with truck dock
Size/Volume Noise Fire safety Security Future expansion of
mechanical plantS: p. 380, F.10.2a
Locate Secondary Locate Secondary EquipmentEquipment
Secondary equipment uses generated media to distribute conditioned air or water to individual thermal zones Air handling units (with
coils) Heat exchangers Accessory equipment
Marriott Library Fan Room
Locate Secondary Locate Secondary EquipmentEquipment
Location factors Adjacent to/within zone
served Service access Size/Volume Noise Fire safety Security
S: p. 380, F10.2
Locate Secondary Locate Secondary EquipmentEquipment
Location factors Adjacent to/within zone
served Service access Size/Volume Noise Fire safety Security
S: p. 380, F.10.2a
Locate Secondary Locate Secondary EquipmentEquipment
Location factors Adjacent to/within zone
served Service access Size/Volume Noise Fire safety Security
S: p. 380, F.10.2b
Locate Secondary Locate Secondary EquipmentEquipment
Location factors Adjacent to/within zone
served Service access Size/Volume Noise Fire safety Security
S: p. 380, F.10.2c
Locate Secondary Locate Secondary EquipmentEquipment
Location factors Adjacent to/within zone
served Service access Size/Volume Noise Fire safety Security
S: p. 380, F.10.2d
Locate Secondary Locate Secondary EquipmentEquipment
Location factors Adjacent to/within zone
served Service access Size/Volume Noise Fire safety Security
Locate Distribution OutletsLocate Distribution Outlets
Distribution occurs via: Air diffusers/
registers Perimeter
radiation Panel radiation
(floor or ceiling)
LNCO Dean’s Office Ceiling Space
Locate Distribution PathsLocate Distribution PathsConnect distribution outlets to secondary equipment
LNCO Fan Room
Locate Distribution PathsLocate Distribution PathsDuctwork and piping can be located in vertically aligned chases or in ceiling space over corridors
Architect is responsible for locating access panels where needed
G. H. Schettler House
Locate Distribution PathsLocate Distribution Paths
Connect secondary equipment to primary equipment
Use vertical and horizontal zoning to coordinate trades
Locate Distribution PathsLocate Distribution Paths
Coordinate all trades for service access and space allocations
Equipment and access panels should be located away from occupied space when possible
LNCO System Distribution Coordination
Distribution Distribution PathsPaths
Interstitial floors for mechanical-electrical systems may be used to eliminate service/ user interaction
UM Hospital Campus