Technical Memorandum 4 Groundwater Sampling MEMORANDUM 4_____ CI&iHILL PREPARED FOR: Eric Newman,...
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Technical Memorandum 4 Groundwater Sampling WDCR1010/026.DOC R1303HO
Transcript of Technical Memorandum 4 Groundwater Sampling MEMORANDUM 4_____ CI&iHILL PREPARED FOR: Eric Newman,...
Technical Memorandum 4Groundwater Sampling
WDCR1010/026.DOC
R1303HO
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM 4______________________CI&iHILL
PREPARED FOR: Eric Newman, EPA Region III
PREPARED BY: Barren Braccia/CH2M HILL
DATE: September 23, 1993
REVISED: July 5, 1994
SUBJECT: Groundwater Sampling at Halby Chemical CompanyOperable Unit 2 Site, New Castle County, Wilmington, Delaware
PROJECT: Work Assignment No. 39-3LL7WDC63154.FI.FQ
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
This technical memorandum (TM) describes the groundwater-sampling activities at theHalby Chemical Company (Halby) Operable Unit 2 (OU-2) site. Round 1 of thegroundwater sampling was performed over the 3-week period from August 2 until August25, 1993. A second round of groundwater sampling was performed between December 1and December 17, 1993. CH2M HILL field personnel collected groundwater samplesfrom 34 monitoring wells and surface water samples from 3 locations. The groundwaterand surface water samples were submitted to CLP and CRL laboratories for analysis for aselected suite of chemicals. The results of the analyses were not available for this TMand will be discussed in the remedial investigation report.
Objectives
The objectives of the groundwater and surface water sampling at the Halby OU-2 site areas follows:
• Collect and analyze two rounds of groundwater samples from the new andpreexisting monitoring wells to delineate the distribution of groundwatercontamination at the site.
• Collect surface water samples near monitoring wells screened in theshallow aquifer to help determine the degree of hydraulic interconnectionbetween the surface water system and the shallow aquifer.
WDCR846/040.WP5 4-1iiB031 I I
Evaluate upgradient, onsite, and downgradient contamination levels in eachaquifer.
Methodology
Groundwater Sampling, First Round
The first round of groundwater sampling during the RI involved sampling 34 new andpreexisting monitoring wells. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the monitoring-well locations.CH2M HILL conducted the groundwater sampling in accordance with SOP No. 21,"Groundwater Sampling." Before sample collection, groundwater was purged from themonitoring wells until pH, conductivity, and temperature stabilized. Table 1 presents thegroundwater parameters recorded in the field during the purge process at each well.
Two-inch submersible pumps were substituted for the surface pumps that were originallyspecified, because the surface pumps were pumping faster than the wells recovered andwere unable to lift water when the head was lowered. The submersible pumps were usedto purge the necessary well volumes. Samples were collected with a bailer. The sam-pling equipment was decontaminated in accordance with SOP No. 6, "Decontaminationof Drilling Rigs and Equipment.''
Groundwater Sampling, Second Round
During the second round of groundwater sampling, wells were purged and sampled using2-inch submersible pumps. Three very slow wells were purged over multiple days, usingdedicated bailers. The sampling equipment was decontaminated as described in thesampling and analysis plan (SAP). Table 2 presents the groundwater parameters recordedin the field during the purge process at each well.
Surface Water Sampling
Locations of surface water sampling are included in Figure 2. The three surface watersamples were collected in accordance with SOP No. 8, "Surface-Water Sampling," nearmonitoring-well clusters 1, 2, and 10.
Quality Control Sampling
Quality control (QC) during the first round of groundwater sampling involved collectingequipment blanks, trip blanks, and field blanks. Equipment and field blanks werecollected daily when possible but at a rate of at least 1 per 20 samples. Trip blanks wereincluded in each cooler carrying samples for analysis of volatiles. The duplicate andmatrix spike/matrix spike duplicate (MS/MSD) samples were collected at a rate of 1 per20 samples per medium and laboratory.
WDCR846/040.WP5 . 4-2• < - . . : ftfi-303112
The equipment blanks were collected in accordance with the procedures outlined in SOPNo. 16, "Field Rinse Blank Preparation." The collection of the other QC samplescorresponded to the methodologies stated in part 3, section 6, of the SAP.
Sample Management
After collecting the ground water and surface water samples, the field crews immediatelyplaced the samples on ice and maintained custody until the time of sample shipment.Before shipment, sample tags and tracking numbers were affixed to the sample bottles,and the traffic reports and chains of custody were completed.
The samples were shipped to preassigned laboratories and to the Central RegionalLaboratory for the analyses listed in Table 3. SOP No. 21, "Region III SamplePaperwork," and part 3, section 6, of the SAP contain details on sample-managementprocedures.
Waste Management
Wastes derived from the groundwater sampling include personal protective equipment(PPE) and groundwater purged from monitoring wells before sample collection. PPE thatwas used on the site was placed in 55-gallon drums that were bolted, labeled, and storedin the drum-storage area.
As stated in SOP No. 7, "Disposal of Fluids and Solids," purged groundwater wascontained and transported to a central storage area. However, 500-gallon and 3,000-gallon plastic tanks were used to store the groundwater instead of 55-gallon drums. Theplastic tanks were placed near the drum-storage area.
Health and Safety
CH2M HILL field personnel conducted field operations in accordance with the site-specific health and safety plan (HSP). Most monitoring wells were sampled in Level DPPE, but monitoring of volatiles at several well clusters indicated that a protectionupgrade was necessary. As a result, monitoring wells at clusters 1, 8, 9, and 10 weresampled in Level B PPE in the first round and Level C PPE in the second round.
WDCR846/040.WP5
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AR303I26
Table 3ANALYSES PERFORMED ON GROUNDWATER AND
SURFACE-WATER SAMPLESHALBY CHEMICAL OU-2
TCL Volatiles
TCL SemivolatilesTCL Pesticides and PCBsTAL Metals (Total)TAL Metals (Dissolved)Total Cyanide
Weak Dissociable CyanideThiocyanateSulfateNitrate and NitriteSulfideHardnessAmmoniaAlkalinityTotal Suspended SolidsTotal Dissolved Solids
Total Organic CarbonHexavalent ChromiumBiocarbonate*Choride*
* Analysis performed only in second round.
WDCR750/029.51
AH303127
Technical Memorandum 5
Qualitative Species Inventory,Onsite and Background Fish Sampling,
and Toxicity Identification Evaluation Sampling
WDCR1010/026.DOC
At303!28
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM 5________________________CKMHILL
PREPARED FOR: Eric Newman/EPA III
PREPARED BY: Bob Root, Mike Mischuk, and Kerry Iliff/CH2M HILL
DATE: March 1, 1995
SUBJECT: Qualitative Species Inventory (September 1993), Onsite andBackground Fish Sampling (November 1994), and ToxicityIdentification Evaluation Sampling (November 1994) of theHalby Chemical Site
PROJECT: MAE63154.FI.FB
Introduction
On September 23 and 24, 1993, a qualitative species inventory was conducted at theHalby Chemical site. The purpose of the inventory was to establish a baselinedescription of the environmental setting of the property and to identify potentialenvironmental receptors most likely to be exposed to site contaminants. OnNovember 8 and 10, 1994, fish were collected in the onsite lagoon and in abackground location and catalogued to assess the level of contamination in fish on thesite. Also in November 1994 samples of sediment from the onsite lagoon werecollected to provide pore water for a toxicity identification evaluation (TIE), a meansof determining the toxicity of the sediment to aquatic life in the lagoon.
The purpose of this technical memorandum (TM) is to describe the methods andbriefly discuss the results of field activities for the qualitative species inventory, thefish sampling, and the TIE sampling. The standard operating procedures (SOPs) forthe activities are commonly referenced for details on methods. All SOPs for fishsampling are contained in the Halby Chemical OU2 Sampling and Analysis Plan(SAP); SOP 28, Qualitative Biodiversity Survey, and SOP 29, Sediment Sampling forTIE Testing, were not included in the SAP and are provided in Attachment A of thisTM. Only the results of field activities are provided in this TM; the evaluation of thedata is discussed in the RI report in Chapter 3, Physical Characteristics of the StudyArea. Chemical analyses were requested for biota samples; the analytical results arediscussed in the RI report in Chapter 6, Baseline Human Health Risk Assessment,and Chapter 7, Ecological Risk Assessment.
Methods
Qualitative Species Inventory
The qualitative species inventory was performed according to SOP 28 (AttachmentA). Representative sample points were identified within each major habitat type onthe site. These points were located along transects which were established inrepresentative plant communities or habitat types.
The plant community within each sample point (each sample point was approximately30 feet in diameter) was assessed by identifying individual species and describing theplant community within that area. Signs of stress or other effects of possiblecontaminants were described. Information was recorded on data sheets (AttachmentB) and the locations plotted on a map of the site (Figure 1).
Surveys for signs and direct observations of potential environmental receptors,including mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians were conducted at or near eachsample point and recorded on the attached data sheets (Attachment B). Signsincluded tracks, scat, burrows, paths, signs of feeding, and nests or dens. Birdobservations were recorded using the American Ornithological Union's StandardAbbreviations for Common Names of Birds (see SOP 28 in Attachment A). Reptileand amphibian surveys were conducted around the lagoon and ditches located on thesite.
Fish Sampling
Fish were collected from the onsite lagoon (Figure 1) and at a background location(Figure 2) using a Smith-Root Type VII-POW backpack electrofishing unit employedin an open boat. A beach seine was used in the first attempt to collect samples in theonsite lagoon. However, the muddy conditions at the edges of the lagoon and thepresence of concealed obstructions in the bottom of the lagoon (e.g., old drums andsunken logs) precluded effective use of the beach seine and the electroshocker wasused instead. SOPs related to fish sampling (24, 25, 26, and 27) are provided in theSAP.
The background location was selected by reviewing aerial photographs of the sitevicinity in search of a marsh or wetland up the Christina River from the site (topreclude the migration of site contaminants into the background location) andconnected to the Christina River by a ditch. Such a location was identified onDelmarva Power property about 1/2 mile north of the site (Figure 2). The marsh wasconnected to the river by a shallow ditch running parallel to the railroad tracks. Atide gate was located in the ditch near the confluence of the ditch with the river; thetide gate was about one-half open and allowed fairly unrestricted movement of waterin the ditch. Written permission to sample in the marsh was obtained from DelmarvaPower.
B.R303I30
A Delaware Scientific Collection Permit was obtained to perform the fish sampling.Collected fish were carried in a bucket of water to the shore of the sampling locationand categorized, measured, and weighed. The physical condition of samples wasnoted, including physical abnormalities. Larger samples were grouped by species typefor fileting; smaller fish were grouped as whole-body samples. Fish samples weresubmitted to the ChemTech Consulting Group, Inc., laboratory for analysis of TargetCompound List (TCL) organic chemicals, the Target Analyte List (TAL) inorganicchemicals, thiocyanate, and percent lipids; the results of the chemical analyses arediscussed in the RI report in Chapter 5, Nature and Extent of Contamination, andChapter 7, Ecological Risk Assessment.
TIE Sampling
The TIE sampling was performed according to SOP 29 (Attachment A). Thelocations sampled are shown in Figure 3 and included one sample from the center ofthe lagoon (T-G-1-01), one from just outside the lagoon in the 1-495 drainage ditch(T-G-1-02 and a duplicate, T-G-1-04), and one at the inlet of the process plantdrainage ditch to the lagoon (T-G-1-03). These locations provided a good distributionof samples from different depositional environments at the lagoon.
Because of the muddy nature of the sediments in the lagoon and the difficulty ofaccessing the sampling locations in the lagoon by foot, a boat was used to collect thesamples after the tide had come in. Samples T-G-1-01 and T-G-1-03 were collectedusing a Ponar sampler lowered to the bottom of the lagoon at the end of a rope.Samples T-G-1-02 and T-G-1-04 were collected using a shovel.
The samples were collected in 5-gallon buckets provided by CH2M HILL'S bioassaylaboratory in Milwaukee. Five buckets of sediment were collected for each sample.The samples were packed in ice in large coolers and shipped to the Milwaukeelaboratory for the TIE. The results of the TIE are discussed in the RI report inChapter 7, Ecological Risk Assessment.
Samples of sediment were also collected and submitted to the ChemTech laboratoryfor analysis for analysis for TCL, TAL, thiocyanate, weak-acid dissociable cyanide,and ammonia. The results of these analyses are discussed in the RI report in Chapter4, Nature and Extent of Contamination, and Chapter 7, Ecological Risk Assessment.
Results
Qualitative Species Inventory
A list of plant species observed in wetlands and other habitat types is provided inTable 1. The data sheets in Attachment B also list plant species identified at eachsample point. Observations of plants were recorded as incidental if they wereobserved outside of the sample-point area. Wildlife observations were recorded on
ftB-303 13 I
the data sheets included in Attachment B. A list of wildlife species observed duringthe survey is provided in Table 2.
The major habitats identified on the site were:
• Lagoon and associated wetlands• Ditches• Disturbed, undeveloped upland• Developed upland
The lagoon and surrounding marsh wetlands are tidal, freshwatersystems that support a variety of plant species dominated by pickerel weed andcommon reed. The tidal range was observed to be approximately 2 to 3 feet andsalinity has been measured at approximately 5 parts per million. At low tide much ofthe lagoon is exposed as vegetated mudflats. Deeper open water accounts forapproximately 25 percent of the lagoon at low tide; the open water supports severalfish species. Among the fish species observed in the lagoon were mummichog andcatfish.
Wildlife signs and direct observations were most numerous in and around the lagoonarea. Several signs in the form of tracks and scat, were identified in the area,including rat, mouse, mallard duck, heron species, other birds, and domestic or feraldogs and cats (Table 2).
Signs of potential contamination or plant stress observed in the lagoon area includeda sheen on the water surface and several areas of exposed mudflat, and wilted leaveson some plant species.
The ditches on the site provide a connection from the lagoon to the Christina River,or serve as stormwater drainages. The large ditch at the northwest border of the siteis tidal and mostly unvegetated. Through a breach in the berm on the northwest sideof the site, water flows from the lagoon down the ditch to the Christina River, to thenortheast (Figure 1). The ditch is shallow at low tide (approximately 3 inches or lessdeep). At high tide the ditch was approximately 1.5 feet deep. It appeared, based ontracks, that wildlife (e.g., birds and small mammals) take advantage of the shallowwater and cross the ditches, or feed at low tide. Mummichogs were seen in largenumbers in the ditch, and appeared trapped in several small, isolated pools in whichpredators such as raccoon, rats, and wading birds could easily feed. No sign ofcontamination was observed in the large ditch. However, signs of potentialcontamination, including oil sheen and odor, were observed in the small onsitedrainage ditches that discharge into the lagoon.
The undeveloped parts of the property are located in the vicinity of the lagoon; alonga small corridor adjacent to the railroad tracks; and at the northern corner of the site,adjacent to the lagoon and 1-495. These areas have been disturbed in the past byactivities associated with the development of the Halby Chemical property, thehighway, and the railroad. The northern corner of the site encompasses the most
A.B303I32
undisturbed area and is located under a powerline right-of-way. The land along therailroad tracks encompasses the area adjacent to the lagoon and associated wetlands.
The plant community here is dominated by species adapted to growing in disturbed,undeveloped upland soils. Habitat is provided to small mammals and birds, such asrats, mice, cardinals, starlings, red-winged blackbirds, sparrows, and similar species.Because these areas occur near the lagoon, reptiles and amphibians may also utilizethese areas for cover during migration or other times of movement. However, theseareas are small, and because of past disturbances and surrounding development, theydo not support a plant community that provides adequate habitat to a wide variety ofwildlife, except possibly as temporary cover and food to transient species, and toother species adapted to living in disturbed environments. Signs of vegetated stress inthe undeveloped portion of the property includes small areas with no vegetation, andstunted or wilted vegetation.
The developed parts of the property encompass the largest part of the site.Warehouses, equipment, trucks, and the former process plant are located on the site.Impervious and semipervious surfaces occur throughout the area in the form ofasphalt or gravel parking lots. Wildlife habitat is limited in these areas and occursonly along the ditch on the northwestern part of the property and near the railroadtracks, where several empty buildings and storage tanks are located in the vicinity ofthe former process plant. Birds (especially starlings and crows) were observed in thisarea, especially in the empty buildings and other structures. Signs indicating thepresence of cottontail rabbit, deer, mice, rats, and domestic or feral cats and dogswere observed in this area. Signs of potential contamination were common in thedeveloped part of the property, especially the former process plant. Signs includedopen pits, oily sheen on the surface of the soil, odor, and containers.
Fish Sampling
The following types or species of fish were collected onsite and at the backgroundlocation:
• American eel• Redear sunfish• Mummichog• Black bullhead• Golden shiner• Goldfish• White perch• Minnow sp.
Data sheets describing the fish collected are provided in Attachment C.
18303133
TIE Sampling
Because this effort was strictly for obtaining samples for the TEE there are few resultsthat can be presented. It was observed that all sediment samples, particularly the twofrom the lagoon itself and especially from the head of the lagoon (sample T-G-1-03)had very strong odors, predominantly of ammonia. It was also observed that thesalinity of the surface water in the 1-495 drainage ditch was on the order of 5 partsper thousand (ppt). This is much higher than the value of 0.0 ppt reported from theChristina River (USFWS and USEPA, 1991) and may be due to the salt piles locatedjust north of 1-495 discharging high-chloride groundwater into the drainage ditch;alternatively the high salinity may be from wash off of road salt from the highway.
Reference
USFWS and USEPA. 1991. Analytical Chemistry and Solid Phase Toxicity Bioassayon the Halby Chemical Company Superfund Site, New Castle County, Delaware.Prepared by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency Environmental Response Team under Interagency Agrrement No.DW 14933552-01-2. April 1991.
flB 303131*
Table 1Halby Chemical Baseline Biodiversity/Species InventoryPlant List Based on Observations in September 1993
Plant Species Occurring in Lagoon and Associated Wetlands
Herbaceous
Tickseed Sunflower Bidens coronataCommon Reed Phragmites australisPickeral Weed Pontedaria cordataJewel Weed Impatiens capensisSwamp Milkweed Asclepias sp.Switch Grass Panicum virgatumArrow-leaved Tearthumb Polygonum saggitatumWater pepper Polygonum hydropiperVirginia Bugleweed Lycopus virginicusWater Horehound Lycopus americanaSoft Rush Juncus effususPath Rush Juncus tenuisRedtop Grass Agrostis albaSensitive Fern Onoclea sensibilisCattail Typha latifoliaWater parsnip Siam suaveClimbing Hempweed Mikania scandensSneeze Weed Helinium autumnaleSwamp Rose Mallow Hibiscus palustris
Trees and Shrubs
Black Willow Salix nigraGreen Ash Fraxinus pennsylvaticaBox Elder Acer negundoArrowwood Viburnum recognitumSycamore Platanus occidentalisHightide Bush Baccharis halmifoliaBlack Gum Nyssa sylvaticaCottonwood Populus deltoides
Plant Species Occurring in Open Spaces and Developed Areas
Herbaceous
Jimsonweed Datura stramoniumSnakeroot Eupatorium spp.Aster spp. Aster spp.Narrow-leaved Goldenrod Solidago spp.
88303135
Plant Species Occurring in Open Spaces and Developed Areas, cont
Herbaceous
Teasel Dipsacus sylvestrisFoxtail Grass Setaria spp.Nodding Polygonum Polygonum lapathifoliumVirginia Creeper 'Parthinocissus quincifoliaButter and Eggs Linaria vulgarisPokeweed Phytolacca americanusJapanese Honeysuckle Lonoicerajaponica
' Poison Ivy Toxicodendron radicansSlender Bush Clover Lespodeza virginicaVetch spp. Vicia spp.Queen Anne's Lace Daucus carotaMugwort Artemesia vulgarisWild Garlic Allium vinealeUpland Boneset Eupatorium sessifoliumDogbane Apocynum spp.Gerardia sp. Gerardia spp.Day Lily Hemerocallis fulvaTrailing Wild Bean Strophostyles helvolaPilewort Erechtites hiceracifoliaCommon Mullein Verbascum thapus
Trees and Shrubs
Tartarian Honeysuckle Lonicera tartariaPrincess Tree Paulownia tomentosaBlackberry sp. Rubus spp.Red Cedar Juniperus virginianaMultiflora Rose Rosa multifloraFalse Indigo AmorphafrulicosaSassafras Sassafras albidumWinged Sumac Rhus copallinaMulberry Mows spp.Siberian Elm Ulmus pumilaTree of Heaven Ailanthus altissimaBlack Cherry Prunus serotinaBlack Locust Robinia psuedo-acaciaStaghorn Sumac Rhus typhinaCrab Apple Molus spp.
118383136
Table 2Halby Chemical Baseline Biodiversity/Species InventoryWildlife List Based on Observations in September 1993
Mammals/Reptiles/Amphibians/Invertebrates
Whitetail Deer Odocoileus virgiriianusCat (feral) Felis domesticusDog (domestic) • Cams domesticusCotton Rabbit Sylvilagus floridanusRaccoon Procyon lotorRat Rattus spp.Mouse Peromyscus spp.Cricket Frog Acris spp.Painted Turtle Chrysemus spp.Crayfish Cambams spp.Praying Mantis Mantis spp.
Birds
Mallard Duck Anas platyrhynchosGreen-backed Heron Butorides striatusGreat Egret Casmerodius albusDouble-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax attritusKilldeer Charadrius vociferousRed-winged Blackbird Agelaius phoeniceusKestral Falco sparveriusTurkey Vulture Coraqupys atratusYellow-shafted Flicker Colaptes auratusRing-billed Gull Larus delawarensisAmerican Crow Corvus brachyrhynchosMourning Dove Zenaida macrouraPigeon Columba liviaEuropean Starling Sturnus vulgarisGrey Catbird Dumetella carolinensisBlack-capped Chickadee Pants atricapillusWarbler spp. Dendroica spp.Prarie Warbler Dendroica discolorSong Sparrow Melospiza melodiaNorthern Cardinal Cardinalis cardinalisBlue Jay Cyanocitta cristataMockingbird Mimus polyglottos
M3Q3I37
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Figure 3LOCATIONS OF TIE SAMPLES
A ft 3 0 3 I k 0 Halt)y Chemical Site
Attachment A
A83-031 k I
SOP 28
SOP 28: QUALITATIVE BIODIVERSITYSURVEY
I. PURPOSE
To provide a general guideline for conducting a qualitative biodiversity survey.
n. SCOPEStandard terrestrial plant, mammal, herpetofauna, and avian-community surveymethods are provided. Site-specific details are discussed in related sections of thefield sampling plan.
m. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
• Topographic and site area maps
• Aerial photographs
• Compass
• Data sheets
• Hand lens
• Field guides or keys
• Binoculars
• Hand lens
• Tools to turn over rocks and logs
• Portable tape player and prerecorded tape recording of regionalherpetofauna vocalizations
• Species lists, if available
• Tape measure
• Appropriate safety equipment
PHL/F:\WDC63131\halbiod 1
SOP 28
• Camera
• Site Health and Safety Plan
IV. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES
1. Subjectively select a representative sample point within each major plantcommunity or habitat type on the site. These points may be located alongpre-established transects or simply by initially cruising the site area.Selected sample points should be no closer than 50 feet from the nearestperceptible change in the plant community.
2. Establish an appropriate size sample plot for sampling vegetation. Inforested areas a sample plot of approximately 30 feet in radius will besufficient. Other size plots may be used depending on characteristics of thecommunity being sampled.
3. Identify the dominant species in each strata or size class as follows:
Trees - greater than 10 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) andgreater than 20 feet tall.
Saplings - less than 10 cm dbh and greater than 20 feet tall.
Shrubs - less than 20 feet tall.
Herbaceous plants - non-woody plants and ground covers.
4. Estimate the percent areal cover of saplings, shrubs, and herbaceous plantsat each sample point.
5. Record information on prepared data sheets and plot the location of thesample point on a map of the site.
6. Record any signs of plant stress or other effects of possible contaminantssuch as wilting, discoloration, or abnormal growth form or shape.
7. Photograph major plant community types and any observed signs of plantstress.
8. Proceed along a series of pre-established sample transects over the site,being sure to include every major plant community or habitat type.
PHL/F:\WDC63131\halbiod 2R1303U3
SOP 28
9. Search additional areas or locations that may provide areas of mammalconcentration or opportunities for observation of mammal signs such astracks.
10. Record direct observations of mammals and any signs of mammal activityon the site including but not limited to the following:
Tracks or foot prints
Scats, droppings, or other fecal material
Burrows or holes in stream banks, hill sides, or den trees
Leave, grass, or stick nests on the ground or in trees
Ridges, mounds, or tunnels in the ground or in vegetation
Trails or runways through the study area
Signs of grazing, browsing, rubbing, or clawing on trees, shrubs, orother vegetation
11. Photograph representative signs of mammal activity and plot the location ofnests, burrow, etc., on a map of the site.
13. Conduct herpetofauna surveys at pre-established sample points over thesite. Sample points should be located in each major plant community orhabitat type.
14. Search areas that provide specific habitats and/or opportunities for reptileand amphibian observations such as wetlands, stream banks, and pondborders.
15. Search for herpetofauna by overturning rocks, logs, and other objects, beingsure to carefully replace the objects.
16. Record direct observations of amphibians and reptiles including their signsuch tracks, burrows, tunnels, etc.
17. Record observations on pre-made data sheets and plot significant sitings onmaps of the site.
PHL/F:\WDC63131\halbiod 3M303IH
SOP 28
18. Schedule special observation periods following precipitation events and atevening hours to record herpetofauna vocalizations.
19. Conduct avian surveys at pre-established sample points over the site.Sample points should be located in each major plant community or habitattype of the survey area and should be far enough apart to avoid countingthe same birds twice.
19. Record all birds heard or seen from the sample point for a period ofapproximately 20 minutes. Shorter time intervals may be used under somecircumstances.
20. Scan for birds at all levels of vegetation and take care not to record thesame bird more than once.
21. Record the species, number, sex, and age, if possible, for all birds observed.If birds occur in flocks too large to be counted estimate the number ofbirds by counting the number of birds in a part of the group and estimatingthe number of parts in the entire flock.
22. Record the activity, habitat, and type of observation (i.e. seen, heard, orboth) using the codes on the data sheet.
23. Birds flying over the site but not actually landing within a specific habitattype should be recorded as "fly overs." However, if a bird flies through anarea and never lands, but the observer feels it is using the particular habitattype, then record that type.
24. Record bird species using the appropriate AOU four letter code.Unidentifiable birds should be recorded with an "unknown code."
25. Surveys should be conducted between daybreak and 9:30 a.m., if possible.Surveys should not be conducted in high winds, heavy rains, or heavy fog.Weather conditions at the time of survey should be recorded on the datasheets.
26. Record other signs of bird use of the site such as stick nests, nest or roostcavities, droppings or pellets, tracks, and signs of foraging.
V. ATTACHMENTS
• Standard abbreviations for common names of birds.
PHL/F:\WDC63131\halbiod 4 fl R"3 fi 3 I US
SOP 28
VL KEY CHECKS AND ITEMS
• Avoid counting the same bird, mammal, or herpetofauna more than once.
• Record all birds, even those that cannot be identified accurately.
• Record signs of bird use of the site such as nests in trees and cavities,droppings or pellets, and tracks.
• Look for mammal signs on the ground, in trees and other vegetation, andalong wetlands and water bodies.
• Look for herpetofauna under rocks and logs.
• Record signs of plant stress or other effects of possible site contaminantson vegetation.
• Have appropriate keys and field guides for plant and wildlife identification.
• Record herpetofauna vocalizations.
PHL/F:\WDC63131\halbiod
ETAHOARD ABBREVIATIONS FOR COMMON NAMES OF BIRDS
LOONS
1 COLO 'Common Loon' (Gavia lamer)2 YBLO 'Yellow-billed Loon' (Gavia adamail)3 ARLO 'Arotia Loon' (Gavla arctlca)4 RTLO 'Red-throated Loon' (Gavla atellata)
GREBES
5 RNGR 'Red-necked Grebe' (Podicepa grlaegena)6 HOGR 'Horned Grebe' (PodicepaUuritua)7 EAGR 'Eared Grebe' (Podtcepa nigrlcollla)8 LEGR 'Least Grebe' (Tachybaptua do«inicus)9 WEGR 'Western Grebe1 (Aechmorphorua occldeutalla)10 PBGR 'Pied-billed Grebe' (Podllyabua podlcepa)
UNGR 'Unidentified Grebe'I
ALBATROSSES
11 BFAL 'Black-footed Albatross' (Dlomedea nigrlpea)12 LAAL 'Layaan Albatross' (Diomedea inwutabilla)
SHEARWATERS
13 HOFU 'Northern Fulmar1 (Fulmarua glacialia)14 GRSH 'Greater Shearwater' (Pu£finua gravia)15 SOSH 'Sooty Shearwater' (Puffinua griaeua)16 HASH 'Manx, Shearwater' (Puffinua pufflnua)17 COSH 'Cory'a Shearwater' (Oalonectria diomedea)10 PFSII 'Pink-footed Sliearwater' (Puffinua creatopus)19 STSII 'Short-tailed Shearwater' (Puffinua tenuiroatria)20 Ul.Sli 'Uuller'u Shearwater' (Putflnua bulleri)21 AUSH 'Audubon's Shearwater1 (Puffinua llierninieri)22 BEPE 'Bermuda Petrel' (Pterodrona cahow)23 BOPE 'Bonin Petrel' (Pterodroma hypuleuca)
STORM-PETRELS
24 FTSP 'Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel' (Ooeanodroma furcata)25 LSPE ' t.each's Storm-Petrel* (Oceanodroma leucorhoa)26 ASPE 'Ashy Storm-Petrel' (Oceanodroma homochroa)27 BSPE 'Black Storm-Petrel1 (Oceanodroma melani'a)26 LTPE 'Least Storm-Petrel' (Oceanoitroma microaoma)29 WSPE 'Wilson's Stoim-Petrel1 (Oceanitea oceanioua)
TROP1CBIRDSI
30 RBTR 'Red-billed Tropicbird' (Phaethon aethereua)31 WITH 'White-tailed Tiopicbird' (Phaathon lepturua)32 RTTR 'Red-tailed Tropicbird' (Phaethon rubricauda)
RR303IU7
PELICANS
33 AWPE 'American White Pelican' (Peleoanus erythrbrhynchoa)34 BRPE 'Brown Pelican' (Pelecanua occidentalia)
BOOBIES, GANNETS
35 MABO 'Masked Booby' (Sula dactylatra)36 BLBO 'Blue-footed Booby' (Sula nebouxii)37 BRBO 'Brown Booby1 (Sula leucogaater)
.. 38 RFBO 'Red-footed Booby' (Sula aula).39 NOGA 'Northern Oannef (Sula baaaanua)
CORMORANTS !
40 GRCO 'Great Cormorant' (Phalacrocorax carbo)41 DCCO 'Double-created Cormorant1 (Phalacrocorax aurltus)42 OLCO 'Olivaceoua Cormorant' (Phalacrocorax ollvaceus)43 DNCO » 'Brandt'a Cormorant' (Phalacrocorax penicillatus)44 PECO 'Pelagic Cormorant' (Phalacrocorax pelagicua)45 RFCO 'Red-faced Cormorant' (Phaiacrocorax urile)
ANHINGAS
46 ANHl 'Anhinga' (Anhinga anhinga)
FRIGATEBIRDS
47 MAFR 'Magnificent Frlgatebird' (Fregata magnificena)40 GRFR 'Great Frigatebird' (Fregata minor)49 LEFR 'Lesaer Frigatebird' (Fregata ariel)
HERONS
50 GBIIE 'Great Blue Heron' (Ardea herodiaa)51 GRIIE 'Green-backed Heron' (Nutoridea striatua)52 LBHE 'Little Blue Heron1 (Egretta caerulea)53 CAEQ 'Cattle Egret' (Bubuloua ibia)54 REEG 'Reddiah Egret' (Egretta rufeacena) •55 GREG 'Great Egret' (Caamerodlua albua)56 SNEG 'Snowy Egret' (F.gretta thula)57 TRUE 'Tricolored Heron' (Egretta tricolor)58 BCNII 'Black-Crowned Night Heron' (Nycticorax nycticorax)59 YCtlll 'Yellow-Crowned tllyht Heron' (Hycticorax violaceua)60 LEBI 'I.eaat Bittern' (Ixobryohua exilia)61 AMB1 'American Bittern' (Botaurua lentiginoaus)
UN1IE 'Unidentified Heron/Egret'
STORKS
,62 WOST 'Wood Ctork' (Hycteria americana)
A1303U8
IBISES
63 GLIB 'Gloaay Ibis' (Plegadla falcinellus)64 HF1B 'White-faced Ibis' (Plegadia clvihl)65 VHIB 'White Ibia1 (Eudocinua albua)66 SCIB 'Scarlet Ibis' (Eudociwua ruber)67 ROSP 'Roseate Spoonbill' (AJaia ajaja)
FLAMINGOS
60 GAFL 'Greater American Flamingo' (Phoenicopterua ruber)
WATERFOWL
69 MUSW 'Mute Swan' (Cygnua olor)70 WPSW 'Whooper Swan' (Cygnua cygnua)71 DESW 'Bewick'a Swan' (Cygnua coluabianua bewickii)72 TUSW 'Tundra Swan' (Cygnua columblanua)73 TPSW * 'Trumpeter Swan' (Cygnua buccinator)74 CAGO 'Canada Goose' (Branta canadenaia)75 BRAH 'Brant' (Branta bernicla)76 BAGO 'Barnacle Gooae' (Branta leuoopala)77 EHGO 'Emperor Gooae' (Chen canagtca)70 GWFG 'Greater White-fronted Gooae' (Anaer albifrona)79 SNGO 'Snow Goose' (Chen caeruleacena)80 ROGO 'Rosa' Gooae' (Chen roaaii)81 BBWD 'Black-bellied Whistling-Duck' (Dendrocygna autumnalis)82 FWDU 'Fulvoua Whistling-Duck' (Dendrocygna bicolor)83 HALL 'Hallard' (Anaa platyrhynchoa)84 AUDI) 'American Black Duck' (Anaa rubripea)05 HODU 'Mottled Duck1 (Anaa fulvigula)06 GADW '(Jadwall1 (Anaa atrepera)07 NOPI 'northern Pintail' (Anaa acuta)08 GWTE 'Greeh-winged Teal' (Anaa crecca)89 BWTE 'Blue-winged Teal' (Anaa diacora)90 CITE 'Cinnamon Teal' (Anaa cyanoptera)91 GATE 'Garganey Teal' (Anaa querquedula)92 UHTE 'Unidentified Teal-93 EUWI 'Eurasian Widgeon' (Anaa penelope)94 AMWI 'American Widqeon' (Anaa americana)95 NOSH 'northern Shoveler' (Anaa olypeata)96 WODU 'Wood Duck' (Aix sponaa)97 REDII 'Redhead' (Aythya awericana)98 RHOU 'Ring-necked Duck1 (Aythya collaria)99 CAHV 'C»nvaaback' (Aythya valiaineria)100 GRSC 'Greater Scaup' (Aythya narila)101 LESC 'Lesser Scaup' (Aythya affinia)102 COGO 'Common Goldeneye' (Bucephala clangula)103 RWGO * 'narrow's Goldeneye' (l)ucephala islandlca)104 BUFF 'Bufflehead' (Buoephala albeola)105 OLDS 'Oldaquaw' (Clangula hyeaalis)106 IIADtl 'Harlequin Dunk' (lliatrionicua hiatrionlcua)
HB303U9
108 COEI 'Common Elder' (Sanatoria Boiliaaina)109 KIEl 'King Eider' (Soaateria apectabilia)110 SPEI 'Speotaoled Elder' (Soaaterta fiacherl)111 WWSC 'White-winged Scoter' (Helanitta fuaca)112 SUSC 'Surf Scoter' (ttelanttta perapiclllata)113 ULSC 'Black Scoter' (Malanitta nigra)1M RUUU 'Ruddy Duck' (Oxyura janalcanaie)115 HADU 'Haaked Duck'' (Oxyura doainica)116 IIOHE 'Hooded Merganser' (Lophodyteu oucullatua)117 COME 'CoBBon Merganser' (Margua nerganaer)118 HBME 'Red-breasted Merganser' (tterguu aerrator)
UHDU 'Unidentified Duok'
VULTURES
119 TUVU 'Turkey Vulture' (Cathartaa aura).120 BLVU 'Black Vulture' (Corayypa atratua)121 CACO 'California Condor' (Uyanogypa californianua)
KITES. HAVKS
122 WTKI 'Vhlta-talled Kite' (Elanua caeruleua)123 ASTK 'Anerlcan Swallow-tailed Kite' (Elanoidea forficatua)124 MiKI 'Mlaalaaippi Kite' (lotlnla Biaaiaalpplenais)12S SNKI 'Snail Kite' (Roatrhasua aoolaUilia)126 HOGO 'Horthern Goahawk' (Accipiter gentilia)127 SSIIA 'Sharp-ahinned Hawk' (Acoipiter atrlatua)12B COIIA 'Cooper's llawk' (Accipiter cooperii)129 RTHA 'Red-tailed Hawk' (Buteo jaaaicenaia)130 KSIIA 'Red-ahouldered Hawk' (Buteo lineatua)131 DWMA 'Broad-winged Hawk' (Uuteo platypterua)132 SWIIA 'Hwalnson'a Hawk' (Buteo awainaonl)133 ZT1IA 'Zone-tailed Hawk' (Buteo alUonotatus)134 yTllA 'White-tailed Hawk' (Buteo albicaudatua)13S STIIA 'Short-tailed Hawk' (Buteo brachyurua)136 HLIIA 'Rough-legged Hawk' (Uuteo lagopua)137 FE1IA 'Ferruginous Hawk' (Buteo regalia) <138 GHIIA 'Gray Hawk' (Buteo nitidua)139 1IAIIA 'Harris' Hawk' (Farabuteo unlcinctus)140 CBHA 'Common Black Hawk' (Buteogallus anthracinua)141 GOEA 'Gulden Eagle' (Aquila chrysaetoa)142 UAEA 'Bald Eaglu' (Haliaeetus leucocephalua)143 DOHA 'Northern Harrier' (Circus cyaneua)
UNHA 'Unidentified Hawk'
OSPREY
144 OSPR 'Osprey' (Pandlon haliaetua)
#8303160
FALCONS
145 CRCA 'Crested Caracara' (Polyborua planoua)146 GYRF 'Gyrfalcon1 (Falco ruaticolua)147 PRFA 'Prairie Falcon' (Falco nexicanua)148 PEFA 'Peregrine Falcon' (Falco peregrinua)149 APFA 'Aplo»ado Falcon' (Falco fenoralia)150 HERI. 'Merlin' (Falco coluabariua)151 AMKE 'American Keatrel' (Falco aparvariual
UHFA 'Unidentified Falcon'
CHACHALACA
152 PLCH 'Plain Chachalaca1 (Ortalia vetuU)
GROUSE. PTARMIGAN
153 BUGR 'Blue Grouse' (Dendragapua obacurua)154 SPGR 'Spruce Grouse' (Uendragapua canadensla)155 RUGR 'Ruffed Grouse' (Bonaaa uabellua)156 VIPT 'Willow Ptarmigan' (Laqopua lagopua)157 ROPT 'Rock Ptarmigan (Laijopua »utua)159 WTPT 'White-tailed Ptarmigan' (l.agopua leucurua)159 GPCII 'Greater Prairie-Chicken' (Tympanuchuacupido)160 LPCH 'Leaser.Prairie-Chicken' (Tympanuchua pallidicinctua)161 STGR 'Sharp-tailed Grouse' (Tympanuchua phaalanellua)
.162 SAGR 'Sage Grouse' (Centrocercua urophaaianua)
QUAIL, PHEASANT
163 HOBO 'Northern Oobwhite' (Colinua virginianus)164 HABW • 'Masked Dobwhlta' (Colinua virginianua ridgwayi)165 SCQU 'Scaled Quail* (Callipepla aquamata)166 CAQU 'California Quail' (CalllpepU californica)167 GAQU 'Gambel'a Quail' (Callipepla gambelii)168 HOQU 'Mountain Quail' (Oreortyx pictua)169 HZOU 'Montetuma Quail1 (Cyrtonyx montetumae)170 RHPII 'Ring-necked Pheasant' (Phaaianua coluhioua)171 CIIUK 'Chukar' (Aleotoria chukar)172 GHPA 'Gray Partridge' (Perdix perdix)173 BLFR 'Black Francolln' (Francolinua francolinua)
TURKEY
174 W1TU 'Wild Turkey' (Meleagria gallopavo)
CRANE:175 WHCR 'Whooping Crane'. (Grua americana)176 USCR 'Greater Sandhill Crane' (Grua canadenals tablda)177 SACK 'Sandhill Crane' (Grua canadenaia)
AR303ISI
LIHPKIN
178 LIMP 'LUpkln* (Araaua guarauna)
RAILS. QALLIHULES, COOTS
179 KIRA 'King Rail' (Rallus elegana)180 CLRA 'Clapper Rail* (Uallua lonyiroatrls)161 VIRA 'Virginia Uall' (Rallua lUlcola)182 SORA 'Sora' (Portana Carolina)183 YERA 'Yellow Rail' (Coturnicopa noveboracenaia)184 Bl.RA 'Black Rail' (Laterallua Ja«aicenais)IBS PUGA 'Purple Galinula' (Porphyrula nartinica)186 COHO 'Comnon Moorhen' (Qalliltula ctiloropua)187 AMCO 'American Coot' (Fullca anericana)
JACAHA
IBS NOJA 'Northern Jacana' (Jacana apinoaa)
OYSTERCATCHERS
109 AHOY 'Anerlcan Oyateroatcher' (llaenatopua palllatua)190 ABOY 'American black Oyatercatoher' (llaeaatopua bachaanl)
PLOVERS
191 HOI.A 'Northern Lapwing' (Vanellua vanellua)192 CRPL 'CoDoton Ringed Plover' (Charadriua hiatlcula)193 SEPL 'Senlpalaated Plover' (Charadriua aenlpalsatua) '194 PIPL 'Piping Plover' (Charadriua melodua)19S SNPL 'Snowy Plover' (Charadriua alexandrinus)196 WIPL 'Wilaon'a Plover' (Charadriua wilaonla)197 KILL 'Killdeer' (Charadriua voclfarua)198 MOPL 'Mountain Plover' (Charadriua aontanua)199 LGPL 'Leaser Golden-Plover' (PluvUlia doalnloa)200 BBPL 'Black-bellied Plover' (Pluvialia aquatarola)201 SURF 'Surfbird' (Aphrita virgata)202 KUTU 'Ruddy Turnatone' (Arenaria interprea)203 BLTU 'Black Turnatone' (Arenaria aelanocephala)
UNPL 'Unidentified Plover'
SANDPIPERS
204 AHWO 'American Woodcock' (Scolopax minor)205 COSU 'Conmon Snipe' (Qallinago gallinago)206 LBCU 'Long-billed Curlew' (Nuneniua aoericanua)207 WHIM 'Whinbrel' (Nuaenlua phaeopua)208 BTCU 'Briatle-thighed Curlew' (ttuaeniua tahitienaia)209 UPSA 'Upland Sandpiper' (Bartramia longicauda)210 SPSA 'Spotted Sandpiper' (AcLitia macularia)211 SOSA 'Solitary Sandpiper' (Tringa aolltaria)212 UATA 'Wandering Tattler' (lltituroaculua incanua)
W'303IS2
213 WILL 'Wlllet' (Catoptrophorus aenipalaatua)214 GRYE 'Greater Yellowlega' (Trimja nelanoleuca)215 LEYE 'Lesaer Yellowlega' (Trinya flawipe»)216 REKN 'Red Knot' (Calidria oanutua)217 PUSA 'Purple Sandpiper' (Calidria maritina)218 ROSA 'Rock Sandpiper' (Calidris ptilocneaia)219 SltSA 'Sharp-tailed Sandpiper' (Calidria acuninata)220 PESA 'Pectoral Sandpiper' (Calidris •elanotoa)221 WRSA 'White-ru«ped Sandpiper' (Calidria futicicollia)222 BASA 'Baird'a Sandpiper' (Calidria bairdii)223 LESA 'Least Sandpiper' (Calidria ninutilla)224 CUSA 'Curlew Sandpiper' (Calidria ferruginea)225 DUNL 'Dunlin' (Calidria alplna)226 SBDO 'Short-billed Dowitcher' (Limnodro«ua uriaeua)227 LBDO 'Long-billed Dowitcher' (LismodroBua acolopaceua)228 STSA 'Stilt Sandpiper' (Caiidria hiaantopua)229 SESA 'Se«ipal«ated Sandpiper' (Calidria puallla)230 WESA 'Weatern Sandpiper' (Calidria aauri)231 BBSA 'Buff-breaated Sandpiper' (Tryngitea aubruficollia)232 MAGO 'Marbled Godwit' (Limoaa fedoa)233 BTGO 'Bar-tailed Godwit1 (Lioioaa lapponica)234 HUGO 'lludsonlan Godwit' (Limoaa haemaatica)235 BKGO 'Black-tailed Godwit' (Limosa llmoaa)236 RUFF 'Ruff < (Philomachua pugnax)237 SAND 'Sanderling' (Calidria alba)
UNSA 'Unidentified Sandpiper'
AVOCET, STILT
238 AHAV 'American Avocet' (Recurvlrostra americana)239 BUST 'Black-necked Stilt' (Ilimantopua roexicanus)
PHALAROPES
240 REPI1 'Red Phalarope' (Phalaropua fulioaria)241 WIPI1 'Milaon'a Phalarope' (Phalaropua tricolor)242 RDPI! * 'Red-necked Phalarope' (Phalaropus lobatua)
JAEGERS, SKUAS
243 POJA 'Pomerine Jaeger' (Stercorarlua pomarlnua)244 PAJA 'Parasitic Jaeger' (Stercorariua paraaiticua)245 LTJA 'Long-tailed Jaeger' (Stercorariua longicaudua)246 GRSK 'Great-Skua' (Catharacta akua)247 SPSK 'South Polar Skua' (Catharacta maccormicki)
GULLS. TERNS
248 GLGU 'Glaucous Gull' (Larua hyperboreua)249 1CGU 'Iceland Gull' (Larua glaucoidea)250 KUGU 'r.umllen'a Gull' (Larua ulaucoidea kumlieni)251 GWGU 'Glaucous-Winged Gull' (Larua glauceacena)252 GQBG 'Great Black-backed Gull' (Larua »arinua)
AH303I53
254 LBBG 'Leaser Black-backed Gull' (Ltrua> fuaoua)255 IIEGU 'Herring Gull' (Larua aryeiitatua)256 T1IGU 'Thayer'a Gull* (Larua thayeri)257 CAGU 'California Gull' (Larua caiifornioua)25U RBGU 'Ring-billed Gull' (Larua dalawarenaia)259 MEGU 'Hew Gull' (Larua canus)260 CUIIG 'Common Black-headed Gull' (Larua ridibundus) .261 LAGU 'Laughing Gull' (Larua atvlcilla)262 FRGU 'Franklin's Gull' (Larua pipixcan)263 BOGU 'Boneparta'a Gull' (Larua Philadelphia)264 LIGU 'Little Gull' (Laruu alnutua)265 HHGU 'lleermann'a Gull' (Larua ltet.r«anni)266 IVGU 'Ivory Gull' (Pagophlla eburnea)267 BLKI 'Black-legged Kittiwake' (Klaaa tridaotyla)268 RLKI 'Red-legged Kittiwake' (Klaaa breviroetria)269 ROGU 'Hoaa' Gull' (Khodoatetltia roaea)270 SAUU 'Sabina'd Gull' (Xe»a aabini)271 GbTt 'Gull-billed Tarn' (Sterna nilotica)272 FOTE 'Forater'a Tern' (Sterna forateri)273 COTE 'CoitBon Tarn' (Sterna hirundo)274 AHTE 'Arctic Tern' (Sterna paradlaaea)275 KSTL* 'Roseate Tern' (Sterna dougallii)276 ALTE 'Aleutian Tern' (Sterna aleutloa)277 SOTE 'Sooty Tern' (Sterna fuacata)27B BKTE 'Bridled Tern' (Sterna anaethetua)279 LETE 'I.eaat Tern' (Sterna antillarua)2UO KOTE 'Hoyal Tern' (Sterna naxina)2U1 ELTE 'Elegant Tern' (Sterna elegana)2B2 SATE 'Sandwich Tern' (Sterna sandvicenala)203 GATE 'Caspian Tern' (Sterna caapia)204 BLTE 'Black Tern' (Chlidoniaa niger)205 WWBT 'White-wlnyed Black Tern' (Chlidoniaa leucopterua)286 BRNO 'Brown Noddy' (Anous otoliduu)2U7 B1.HO 'Black Noddy' (Anouu tiinutua)288 I1YTE 'Hybrid Tern' (Sterna app)
UNGU 'Unidentified Gull/Tern'
SKIMMER
289 BLSK 'Black Skimmer' (Rynchopa niyer)
ALCIDS
290 RAZO 'Razorbill' (Alca torda)291 COMU 'Coanon Murre' (Uria aaltje)292 TBHU 'Thick-billed Murre' (Uria loavia)293 DOVE 'Uovekie' (Alle alle)294 BLGU 'Bltck Guillemot' (Cepphua yrylle)295 HAGU 'Mandt'a Guillemot' (Cepphua grylle Bandti)296 PIGU 'Pigeon Guillemot* (Cepphua coluaba)297 MAMU 'Marbled Murrelet' (Brachyraophua oarsoratu?)29Q K1MU 'Kittlitt'a Murrelet' (Urauhyrauphua breviroatria)299 XAMU 'Xantua' Murrelet' (Synthllboramphua hypoleucua)300 CKMU 'Graver!'a Murrelet' (Synthllbora*phua craveri)
11303 I 5k
301 AMMU 'Ancient Murralaf (Synthliboraaphua antiquua)302 CAAU 'Caaain'a Auklef (Ptychoraaphua alauticuu)303 PAAU 'Parakeet Auklef (Cyclorrhynchua paittacula)304 CHAU 'Created Auklef (Aethia oriatatella)305 LEAU 'Least Auklef (Aethia puallla)306 WHAU 'Whiskered Auklaf (Aethia pygaaea)307 RHAU 'Rhinoceros Auklef (Cerorhinca aonooerata)308 ATPU 'Atlantio Puffin' (Frateroula arotica)309 HOPU 'Horned Puffin' (Fratercula corniculata)310 TUPU 'Tufted Puffin' (Fratercula cirrhata)
PIGEONS, DOVES
311 VCPI 'White-crowned Pigeon' (Columba leuoooephala)312 UTPI 'Band-tailed Pigeon' (Coluaba fasoiata)313 HbPI 'Red-billed Pigeon' (Colunba flavirostris)314 ZEDO 'Zenaida Dove' (Zenaida aurita eenalda)315 WWDO 'Vhite-winyed Dove' (Zenaida aaiatioa)316 HODO 'Mourning Dove' (Zenaida aaoroura)317 RODO 'Rock Dove' (Coluaba livia)318 SPDO 'Spotted Dove' (Streptppelia chinenala)319 RTDO 'Ringed Turtle Dove' (Streptopelia riaoria)320 CGDO 'Coaaon Ground Dove' (Coluabina passerina)321 RGDO 'Ruddy Ground Dove' (Coluabina talpacotl)322 INDO 'Inca Dove' (Coluabina inoa)323 WTDO 'White-tipped Dove' (Leptotila verreauxl)324 KWQD 'Key Weat Ouail Dove' (Oreopeleia chryaia)325 RQDO 'Ruddy Uuall Dove' (Oreopeleia aontana aontana)
UNDO 'Unidentified Dove'
PARROT
326 CWPA 'Canary-winged Parakeet' (Brotogeria veraioolurua)
CUCKOOS, ROADRUHNER, AMIS
327 HACU 'Mangrove Cuckoo' (Coccyzua ainor)326 YBCU 'Yellow-billed Cuckoo' (Cocoyzua anerioanua)329 BBCU 'Blaok-blllod Cuokoo' (Coooycua erythropthalnus)330 GRRO 'Greater Roadrunner' (Oeococoyx californianua)331 SBAN 'Saooth-bllled Ani' (Crotophaga ani)332 GUAM 'Groove-billed Ani' (Crotophaya auloiroatria)
BARN OWL
333 CDOW 'CoBBon Barn Owl' (Tyto alba)
TYPICAL OWLS
334 ESOW 'Eastern Sareech-Owl• (Otua aalo)335 WSOH 'Waatern Screech-Owl' (Otua kennicottii)336 WilOW 'Whiskered Owl' (Otus trlchopaia)337 FLOW 'Flaaaulated Owl' (Otua flaaaeolua)330 UIIOW 'Great Horned Owl' (Bubo viroinianua)
339 SHOW 'Snowy Owl' (Nyctaa acandiaca)340 NHOM 'northern Hawk-Owl' (Surnia ulula)341 NPOH 'Northern Pygmy-Owl' «Jlauoidlu« gnoaa)342 FPOV 'Feruginoua Pygmy-Owl' (Glaucidium braailianum)343 ELOW 'Elf Owl' (Mlcrathene whltneyi)344 UUOW 'Burrowing Owl' (Athene cunicularia)345 BDOW 'Barred Owl' (Strix varia)346 SPOW 'Spotted Owl' (Strix ocoidentalla)347 GCOW 'Great Gray Owl' (Strix nebuloaa)348 LEOW 'Long-eared Owl' (Asio otua)349 SEOW 'Short-eared Owl' (Aaio flamneus)350 BOOW 'Boreal Owl' (Aegolla funereua)351 NSWO 'Northern Saw-whet Owl' (Aegollua acadicua)
UNOH 'Unidentified Owl'
GOATSUCKERS
352 CWWI 'Chuck-will'a-widow' (Caprlmulgua carolinensis)353 WPHI 'Whip-poor-will' (Caprlmuigua vociferua)354 CPVI 'Common Poor-will' (Phalaenoptilua nuttallli)355 COPA 'Common Pauraque' (Nyctldromus alblcollia)356 COHI 'Common Nlghthawk' (Chordeilea minor)357 LENI 'Leaser Nlghthawk' (Chordeilea auutipennia),
UNGO 'Unidentified Goataucker'
SWIFTS
350 BLSW 'Black Swift' (Cypaeloidea niger)359 CHSW 'Chimney Swift' (Chaetura pelagica)360 VASW 'Vaux'a Swift' (Chaetura vauxi)361 HTSW 'White-throated Swift1 (Aeronautea aaxatalia)
HUHHINGBIRDS
362 I.UHU 'Lucifer Hummingbird' (Calothorax lucifer)363 HTI1U 'Ruby-throated Hummingbird* (Archilochua colubria)364 BCIIU 'Black-chinned Hummingbird' (Archilochua alexandri)365 COHU 'Coata'a Hummingbird' (Calypte coatae)366 ANIIU 'Anna's Hummingbird' (Calypte anna)367 DKHU 'Broad-tailed Hummingbird' (Selasphorua platycercua)368 RUI1U 'Rufoua Hummingbird' (Selaapliorua rufua)369 AI.IIU 'Allen'a Hummingbird' (Salaaphorua aaain)370 CA1IU 'Calliope Hummingbird' (Stellula calliope)371 K1HU 'Hivoli'a Hummingbird' (Eugenea fulgena)372 BUIIU 'Blue-throated Hummingbird' (Lampornia clemenciae)373 BFHU 'Buff-bellied Hummingbird' (Aaazilia yucatanenaia)374 BBHU 'Broad-billed Hummingbird' (Cynanthua latiroatia)
UNHU 'Unidentified Hummingbird'
TROOON
HB303I56
KIHOFISHERS
376 BEKI 'Belted Kingfisher' (Ceryle aloyon)377 KIKI 'Hinged Kingfiaher' (Ceryla torquata)378 GNKI * 'Green Kingfisher' (Chloroceryla aaericana)
WOODPECKERS
379 NOFL 'Horthern Flicker1 (Colaptea auratua)360 P1WO 'Pile*ted Woodpecker' (Dryocopus pileatua)381 RBWO 'Red-bellied Woodpecker' (Helanerpea oarolinua)382 GFVO 'Golden-fronted Woodpecker' (Malanerpea aurifrona)383 GIVO 'Gila Woodpecker' (Halanarpea uropygialia)364 RIIWO 'Red-headed Woodpecker' (Melanarpea arythrocaphalua)305 ACWO 'Acorn Woodpecker' (Helanerpea foraioivorua)3U6 LEWO 'Lewis' Woodpecker' (Helanerpua lewis)387 YBSA 'Yellow-bellied Sapaucker' (Bphyrapicua variua)306 RBSA 'Red-breaat€,«i Sapaucker' (Sphyraplcua ruber)309 WISA 'Willia«aon'a Sapauckor' (Sphyrapioua thyroidaua)390 IIAWO 'Hairy Woodpecker' tPlcoidea villoaua)391 DOWO 'Downy Woodpecker' (Piooides pubeacana)392 I.BWO 'Ladder-backed Woodpecker' (Piooidea dcalaris)393 NUWO 'Nuttall'a Woodpecker' (Plcoidea nuttallii)394 ARWO 'Arizona Woodpecker' (Picoidea atricklandi)395 KCWO 'Red-cockaded Woodpecker' (Picoides borealia)396 W1IWO 'White-headed Woodpecker' (Picoides albolarvatua)397 UliWO 'Ulack-backed Woodpecker' (Picoidea arctua)396 TTWO 'Three-toed Woodpecker' (Picoidea tridactylua)399 IBWO 'Ivory-billed Woodpecker' (Caapephilua principalia)
UNWO 'Unidentified Woodpecker'
COTIHGA
400 RTBE 'Rose-throated Becard' (Pachyraaphua aglaiae)
TYRANT FLYCATCHERS
401 EAKI 'Eastern Kingbird' (Tyrannua tyrannua)402 GRK1 'Gray Kingbird' (Tyrannua doainicenaia)403 TRK1 'Tropical Kingbird' (Tyrannua oelancholicua)404 WEKI 'Heatern Kingbird' (Tyrannua verticalia)405 CAKI 'Casain'a Kingbird' (Tyrannua vooiferana)406 TBKI 'Thick-billed Kingbird' (Tyrannua oraaairoatria)407 FTFL 'Fork-tailed Flycatcher' (Tyrannua aavana)406 STFL 'Sciaaor-tailed Flycatcher' (Tyrannua forficatua)409 KIFL 'Greater Kiakadee' (Pitangus aulphuratua)410 SBFL 'Sulfur-bellied Flycatcher' (Hyiodynastea lutaiventria)411 GCFL 'Great Created Flycatcher' (Myiarchua crlnitua)412 bCFL 'Brown Crested Flycatcher' (Hyiarchua tyrannulua)413 ATFL 'Aah-throated Flycatcher' (Myiarcliua cineraacens)414 UCFL 'Uuaky-capped Flycatcher' (Myiarchua tubercuiifer)415 EAPli 'Eastern Phoebe' (Sayornia phoeba)416 bLPl! 'Black Phoebe' (Sayornia nigricana)
417 SAPH 'Say'a Phoebe' (Sayornia aaya)416 YBFL 'Yellow-bellied Flycatcher' (Eapidon»x flaviventria)419 ACFL 'Acadian Flycatcher' (Eaipidonax vlreacena)420 WIFL. 'Willow Flycatcher' (Eapidonax trailii)421 ALFL 'Alder Flycatcher' (Eapidonax alnorua)422 LLTL 'Leaat Flycatcher' (Eapidonax ainiaua)423 11AFL Mlaaaond'a Flycatcher' (Eapidonax haaaondli)424 DUFL 'Dualcy Flycatcher' (Eapidonax oberholaari)425 GKFL 'Gray Flycatcher' (Eapidonax wrightil)426 VEFL 'Western Flycatcher' (Eapidonax dlfflcllla)427 BBFL 'Buff-breaated Flycatcher' (Eapidonax £ulvi£rona)
EHFL 'Unidentified,Eapidonax Flycatcher'428 COFL 'Couea' Flycatcher' (Contopua pertinax)429 EWPE 'Eastern Wood-Pewee* (Contopua vlrena)430 WHPE 'Western Wood-Pewee' (Contopua aordidulua)431 OSFL 'Olive-aidad-Flycatcher' (Contopua borealla)432 VEFL 'Veraillion Flycatcher' (Pyrocephalua rublnua)433 NBTY 'Northern Beardleaa Tyrannulet'(Caaptoatoua iaberbe)434 UNFL 'Unidentified Flycatcher'
LARKS
435 EUSK 'Eurasian Skylark' (Alauda arvenaia)436 liOLA 'Horned Lark' (Ereaophlla alpeatria)
SWALLOWS
437 VGSV 'Violet-green Swallow' (Tachycineta thalaaaina)438 TKSW 'Tree Swallow* (Tachycineta blcolor)439 BKSW 'Bank Swallow' (Kiparia riparia)440 NRWS 'Northern Rough-winged Swallow*(Stelgidopteryx serripennia)441 BASW 'Barn Swallow' (Ulrundo ruatica)442 CLSW 'Cliff Swallow' (Ulrundo pyrrhoaota)443 CASW 'Cave Swallow' (Hiruudo fulva)444 1'UHA 'Purple Martin' (Progae aubla)
UHSW 'Unidentified Swallow'
JAYS. MAGPIES, CROWS
445 GRJA 'Gray Jay' (Perlaoreua canadenaia)446 Bl.JA 'Blue Jay' (Cyanocitta criatata)447 STJA 'Steller'a Jay' (Cyanocitta atellerl)446 SCJA 'Scrub Jay' (Aphelocona uoeruleacena)449 UBJA 'Gray-breaated Jay' (Aphelocona ultraaarina)450 GEJA 'Green Jay' (Cyanooorax yncaa)451 BUMA 'Black-billed Magpie' (Pica pica)452 YUM A 'Yellow-billed Haijpie' (Pica nuttalli)453 COHA 'CoBBon Haven* (Corvua corax)454 CIIKA 'Chihuahua Raven' (Corvua cryptoleuoua)455 AHCH 'Aaerican Crow' (Corvua brachyrhynchoa)456 HOCK 'Northwestern Crow' (Corvua cauriuua)457 KICK 'Fiah Crow'. (Corvua oaaifrauua)
UNCK 'Unldentifleo Crow'450 PIJA 'Pinyon Jay' (Gyanorhinua cyanocephnlua)
A1303I58
459 CLNU 'Clark'a Nutcracker1 (Huaifraga coluabiana)
TITMICE, VERDIH, BUSHTIT
460 DCCII 'Black-capped Chickadee' (Parua atricapillua)461 CACH 'Carolina Chiokadea' (Parua oarolinenaia)462 HEC1I 'Mexican Chickadee' (Parua aaiateri)463 MOCI1 'Mountain Chickadee' (Parua gaabeli)464 SITI 'Siberian Tit' (Parua cinotua)465 UOC11 'Boreal Chickadee' (Parua hudaonioua)466 CBCII 'Cheatnut-backeti Chickadee' (Parua rufeacena)467 TUTI 'Tufted Tltanuae' (Parua bicolor)466 BCTI 'Black-created Tltaouae' Tufted race469 I'LTI 'Plain Titnouae' (Parua inornatua)470 BRTI 'Bridled Tltaouae' (Parua wollweberi)471 VERD 'Verdin' (Auriparua flavicepa)472 BUSK 'Buahtit' (Paaltriparua nini«ua)
NUTHATCHES
473 WBNU 'White-breaated Nuthatch' (Sitta carolinenaia)474 RBNU 'Red-breaated Nuthatch' (Sitta canadenaia)475 BI1NU 'Brown-headed Nuthatch' (Sitta puailla)476 PYNU 'Pygay Nuthatch' (Sitta pygmaea)
CREEPER
477 BRCR 'Brown Creeper' (Certhia aaericana)
WRENTIT
478 WREN 'Wrentit' (Chaoaea faaciata)
BULBUL
479 RWBU 'Red-vhiakered Bulbul' (Pycnonotua jocoaua)
DIPPER
480 AHDI 'American Dipper* (Cinclua naxicanua)
WRENS
461 IIOWR 'House Wren' (Troglodytea aedon)402 WlWIi 'Winter Wren' (Troglodytea troglodytea)4U3 UKWK 'Bewlok'a Wren' (Thryoaanea bewickii)4U4 CAWR 'Carolina Wren' (Thryothorua ludovicianua)485 CTWR 'Cactua Wren' (Caapyiorhynchua brunneicapillua)406 HAWK 'HarahWren'. (Ciatothorua paluatria)4ti7 SEWR 'Sedge Wren* (Ciatothorua pUtenaia)4U8 CNWIi 'Canyon Wren* (Catherpea aexicanua)4U'J UOWU 'Rock Wren' (Salpinctea obaoletua)
UNWK ' 'Unidentified Wren'
ftfi303!59
MOCKINGBIRDS, THRASHERS
490 HOMO 'Northern Mockingbird' (Mi«ua polyglottua)491 GRCA 'Gray Catbird' (Ouaetella carollnenaia)492 DRTII 'Brown Thrasher' (Toxoatoma rufui»)493 LBTH 'Long-billed Thraaher' (Toxoatoaa longiroatre)494 GRTH 'Gray Thraaher' (Toxoatoaa cinereua)495 BETH 'Bendire'a T'..raaher' (Toxoatoaa bendirai)496 CBTH 'Curve-billed Thrasher' (Toxoato»a curviroatre)497 CATII 'California Thraaher' (Toxoatoaa redivlvua)498 LCTH 'LeConte'a Thraaher' (Toxoato«a leoonteiJ499 CRTII 'Criaaal Thraaher' (Toxoatoaa doraale)500 SAT11 'Sage Thraaher' (Oreoacoptea nontanua)
UNTH 'Unidentified Thraaher'
THRUSHES
501 AMRO 'American Robin' (Turdua tigratoriua)502 KIEL 'Fieldfare' (Turduu pilarla)503 CCRO 'Clay-colored Robin' (Turdua gray!)504 VATII 'Varied Thruah' .(ixoreua naeviua)505 WOTH 'Wood Thruah' (Hyloclchla auatelina)506 IlkiTII 'HerBit Thruah' (Catharua guLtatua)507 SUTH 'Swainaon'a Thruah' (Catharua uatulatua)506 GCTH 'Gray-cheeked Thrush' (Catharua mtnieua)509 VEER 'Veery' (Catharua tuticeacena)510 EABL 'Eaatern Bluebird' (Slalia aialia)511 WEQL 'Ueatern Bluebird' (Sialia naxicana)512 MOBL 'Mountain Bluebird' (Slalia uurruooidea)512 EMBL 'Eastern/Mountain Blueb.Hybrid'(Slalia app)514 NOVII 'Horthern Wheatear' (Oenanthe oenanthe)515 BLUE 'Bluethroat' (l.uacinla avecica)516 TOSO 'Townaend'a Solitaire' (Hyadeatea cownaendi)
UHTU 'Unidentified Thruah'
OLD WORLD WARBLERS. GHATCATCHERS, KINGLETS
517 ARWA 'Arctic Warbler' (Phylloacopua borealia)518 BOGN 'Blue-gray Unatoatcher' (PolloptiU caerulea)519 BCGN 'Black-capped Gnatcatuher' (Polloptlla nlgricepa)520 UTGN 'Black-tailed Gnatcatcher' (Polioptila nelanura)
UNGH 'Unidentified Unatcatcher'521 GCKI 'Golden-crowned Kinglet' (Regulua aatrapa)522 RCKI 'Huby-crowned Kinglet' (Keyulua calendula)
WAGTAILS, PIPITS
523 WHWA 'White Wagtail' (Hotacilla alba).524 YLWA * 'Yellow Wagtail' (Hotacilla flava)525 WAPI 'Water Pipit' (Anthua apinoletta)526 KTPI 'Red-throated Pipit' (Anthua cervlnua)527 Sl>PI 'Sprague'u 1'lplL' (Antliua apragueii)
1B303160
528 BOWA 'Boheaian Wanwing' (Boabycilla garrulua)529 CEWA 'Cadar Waxwing' (Bombyollla ctsdrorua)
SILKY FLYCATCHER
530 PHAI 'Phainopepia' (Phainopapla nitena)
SHRIKES
531 NRSH 'Northern Shrike' (Lantua excubitor)532 LOSH 'Loggerhead Shrike* (Laniua ludovicianua)
STARLING
533 EUST 'European Starling' (Sturnua vulgaria)
VIREOS
534 BCVI 'Black-capped Vireo' (Vlreo atrlcapillua)535 WEVI 'White-eyed Vireo' (Vireo griaeua)536 HUVI Mlutton'a Vireo' (Vireo huttoni)537 BEVI 'Bell'a Vireo' (Vireo bellii)538 GRVI 'Gray Vireo' (Vireo vicinior)539 YTVI 'Yellow-throated Vireo' (Vireo flavlfrons)540 SOVI 'Solitary Vireo' (Vlreo aolitariua)541 BWVI 'Blaok-wuiakered Vireo' (Vireo altiloquuu)542 REVI 'Red-eyed Vireo' (Vlreo olivaceua)543 YGVI 'Yellow-green Vlreo' (Vireo olivaceua flavoviridia)544 PIIVI 'Philadelphia Vireo' (Vireo phlladelphioua)545 WAV! 'Warbling Vireo' (Vireo gilvua)
UNVI 'Unidentified Vlreo'
VOOD WARBLERS
546 BAWW 'Black-and-white Htrbler' (Hniotilta varia)547 POWA 'Prothonocary Harbler' (Protonotaria oitrea)548 SWWA 'Swatnaon's Warbler' (Linnothlypla awainaonii)549 WEWA 'Wora-eating Warbler' (llelaitheroa vernivorua)550 GWWA 'Golden-winged Warbler' (Vernivora chryaoptara)551 bWVA 'Blue-winged Warbler1 (Veraivora pinua)552 BHWA 'firewater'a Warbler' Golden-winged/Blue-winged Hybrid553 LAWA 'Lawrence's Warbler' Uolden-wingud/Blue-winged Hybrid554 bAWA 'Bachaan'a Warbler' (Veraivora bachaauil)555 TEVA 'Tenneaaee Warbler' (Veralvora peregrina)556 OCVA 'Orange-crowned Warbler' (Veraivora celata)557 NAWA 'Haahville Warbler' (Vermivora ruficapilla)55B VIWA 'Virginia's Warbler' (Veralvora virginlae)559 CLWA 'Collna Warbler' (Vernivora criaaalia)560 LUWA 'Lucy'a Warbler' (Vernivora iuciaa)561 NOPA 'Northern Parula' (Parula anericana)562 TRPA 'Tropical Parula' (Parula pitiayuai)
RR303161
563 OLWA 'Olive Warbler' (Peucedraaua taenlatua)564 YEWA 'Yellow Warbler' (Dendroica petechia)565 MAWA 'Magnolia Warbler' (Uendroica nagnolia)566 CMWA 'Cape May Warbler' (Dendroica tlgrlna)567 BTUW 'Dlack-tliroated Blue Warbler' (Uendroica caeruleacena)568 YRWA 'Yellow-ruaped Warbler' (Dendroica corona ta)569 UGWA 'Black-throated Gray Warbler' (Dendroica nigreacens)570 TOWA "Townsend'a Warbler' (Dendroica townaendi)571 BTGW 'Black-throated Green Warbler' (Dendroica virena)572 GCWA 'Golden-cheeked Warbler' (Dendroioa chryaoparla)573 IIEWA 'Herait Warbler' (Uendroica occidentalia)574 CKWA 'Cerulean Warbler' (Dendroica cerulea)575 BLWA 'Blackburnian Warbler' (Dendroioa fuaca)576 YTWA 'Yellow-throated Warbler' (Dendroioa doainica)577 SUWA 'Sutton'a Warbler' (Dendroica potooac)578 GHWA 'Grace's Warbler' (Dendroica graoiae)579 CSWA 'Chestnut-sided Warbler' (Uendroica penaylvanica)580 BBWA 'Bay-breaated Warbler' (Dendroica caatanea)561 BPWA 'Blackpoll Warbler' (Dendroica atriata)582 PIWA 'Pine Warbler' (Dendroioa plnua)583 KIWA 'Kirtland's Warbler' (Dendroica kirtlandii)584 PRWA 'Prairie Warbler' (Dendroica discolor)585 PAWA 'Pala Warbler' (Dendroica palaarua)586 OVEN 'Ovenblrd' (Seiurua aurocaplllua)5B7 NOWA 'Northern Waterthruah' (Salurua noveboraceaia)Safl I.OWA 'Louisiana Waterthrush' (Seiurua uotaoilla)589 KLWA 'Kentucky Warbler' (Oporornia fornoaua)590 COWA 'Connecticut Warbler' (Oporornia agilia)591 HOWA 'Mourning Warbler' (Oporornia Philadelphia)592 HGWA 'HacGillivray'a Warbler' (Oporornia toUiei)593 COYE 'Coanon Yellowthroat' (tieothlypia trichaa)594 GRCI! 'Ground Chat' (Geothlypla pollocephala)595 YBCII 'Yellow-breasted Chat' (Icterla vlrens)596 RFVA 'Red-faced Warbler' (Cardellina rubrifrona)597 1IOWA 'Hooded Warbler' (Wllaonia citrlna)598 WiWA 'Wilson's Warbler' (Wllaonia puailla)599 CAWA 'Canada Warbler' (Wllsonia canadenaia)600 AMRE 'American Reuatart' (Setophaga ruticilla)601 PARE 'Painted Redstart' (Myioborua pictus)
UNWA 'Unidentified Warbler'
WEAVER FINCHES
602 HOSP 'House Sparrow' (Paaaer doaeaticua)603 ETSP 'Eurasian Tree Sparrow' (Paaaer montanua)
KEADOVLARKS, BLACKBIRDS, ORIOLES
604 DOBO 'Bobolink' (Dolichonyx oryrlvorus)605 EAME 'Eaatern Meadowlark' (Sturnella aagna)606 WEME 'Western Headowlark' (Sturnella negleota)
60U KWBL 'Red-winged Blackbird' (Ayalaius phoeniceua)609 THBL 'Tricolored Blackbird' (Aydlaiua tricolor)
W303162
610 OROR 'Orchard Oriole' Uoterua apuriua)611 AUOR 'Audubon'a Oriole' (icterus graduacauda)612 SDOR 'Spotted-breasted Oriole1 Ucterua peotoralia)613 STOR 'Streak-backed Oriole' Ucterua pustulatua)614 HOOR 'Hooded Oriole' Uoterua cuoullatua)615 ALOR 'Alta«ira Oriole' (loterua gularia)616 SCOR 'Soott'a Oriole' Ucterua pariaorum)617 NOOR 'Horthern Oriole' Uoterua gaibula)
UNOR 'Unidentified Oriole'618 RUBL 'Rusty Blackbird' (Euphagua carolinus)619 BRBL 'Bre*er'a Blackbird' (Euphagua cyanocephalua)620 GTGR 'Great-tailed Crackle' (Quiacalua nexicanua)621 BTGR 'Boat-tailed Crackle' (Quiacalus »ajor)622 COGR 'Co««on Crackle' (Quiaoalua quiaoula)623 BltCO 'Bro*n-haaded Coxbird' (ttolothrua ater)624 BRCO 'Bronted Conblrd' (Molothrua aeneua)625 UNBL 'Unidentified Blackbird'
TANAGERS
626 WETA 'Heatern Tanager' (Plranga ludovioiana)627 SCTA 'Scarlet Tanager' (Piranga olivacea)628 HETA 'Hepatic Tanager' (Piranga flava)629 SUTA 'Sua*ar Tanager' (Piranga rubra)
UNTA 'Unidentified Tanager'
GROSBEAKS. FINCHES. SPARROWS, BUNTINGS
630 NOCA 'Northern Cardinal' (Cardinalia cardinalia)631 PYRR 'Pyrrhuloxia' (Cardinalia aiituatua)632 RBGR 'Hose-breasted Grosbeak' (Pheucticus ludovicianua)633 BIIGR 'Black-headed Grosbeak' (Pheucticus nelanocephalua)634 BLOR 'Blue Grosbeak' (Guiraca caerulea)
UNGR 'Unidentified Grosbeak'635 INBU 'Indigo Bunting' (Paaaerina cyanea)636 LABU 'Lazuli Bunting' (Pasaerlna anoena)637 VABU 'Varied Bunting' (Paaaerina veraicolor)638 PABU 'Painted Bunting' (Paaaerina oiria)639 DICK 'Dickoiaael' (Spiza americana)640 EVGR 'Evening Groabeak' (Coccothrauatea veepertinua)641 PUFI 'Purple Finch' (Carpodacua purpureua)642 CAFI 'Caaain'a Finch' (Carpodacua caaainii)643 1IOFI 'House Finch' (Carpodacua mexicanua)644 WCSE 'White-collared Seedeater' (Sporophlla torqueola)645 PIGR 'Pine Groabeak' (Plnioola enucleator)646 ROFI 'Roay Finch' (Leucoatlcte arctoa)647 EUGO 'European Ooldfinch' (Carduelia carduelia>648 IIORE 'Hoary Redpoll' (Carduelia hornemanni)- tj .. .. - U^<,.IHIUII ttcU|Juo.^. > i_ai ilUc i id i.i.<tiawt$ck/650 PISI 'Pine Blakln' (Carduelia piitus)6S1 AHGO 'Ampr^nan (Jnlilfinrh' (Carauella triatla)
AR303I63
655 HHCR 'White-winged Croaabill' (Loxia laucoptara)656 OLSP 'Olive Sparrow' (Arreaonopa rufivirgatua)657 GTTO 'Green-tailed Towhee' (Pipilo chlorurue)656 RSTO 'Rufous-aided Towhee' (Pipilo erythrophthalaua)659 BRIO 'Brown Townee' (Pipilo fuscua)660 ABTO 'Abert'a Towhee' (Pipilo aberti)661 LKBU 'Lark Bunting' (Calaaoapls* aelanocorya)662 SA8P 'Savannah Sparrow' (Paaaerculua aandwichenaia)663 GRSP 'Graaahopper Sparrow' (Aaaodraaua aavannarua)664 BOSP 'Dalrd'e Sparrow' (Aaaudraaua bairdll)665 l.CSP 'LeConte'a Sparrow' (Aaaodraaua leconteii)666 II ESP 'liana low'a Sparrow' (Aaaodraaus henalowil)667 STSP 'Sharp-tailed Sparrow' (Aamodraaua caudacutua)668 SESP 'Seaside Sparrow' (Am«odra«ua «aritiBua)669 VESP 'Veaper Sparrow' (Pooecetea graaineua)670 LASP 'Lark Sparrow' (Chondeatea graaaacua)671 FSSP 'Five-striped Sparrow' (Aaplilapiea quiqueatriata)672 RWSP 'Rufoua-wlnged Sparrow' (Aiaophila carpalia)673 RCSP 'Rufoua-orowned Sparrow' (Aiaophila ru£icepa)674 BASF 'Bachnan's Sparrow' (Ainophila aeativalia)675 BOSP 'Bottari'a-Sparrow' (Aiaophila botterii)676 CASP 'Caaain'a Sparrow' (Aiaophila casainii)677 BTSP 'Black-throated Sparrow' (Amphiaplea bilineata)678 SGSP * 'Sage Sparrow' (Aaphiapiza belli)679 DEJU 'Dark-eyed Junco' (Junco liyeealla)660 YEJU 'Yellow-eyed Junco' (Junco phaeonotua)601 ATSP 'American Tree Sparrow' (Spitella arborea)602 CUSP 'Chipping Sparrow' (Spizella paaaerina)603 CCSP 'Clay-colored Sparrow' (Spizella pallida)604 BRSP 'Brewer'a Sparrow' (Spizella breweri)605 FISP 'Field Sparrow' (Spizella puailla)686 BCSP 'Black-chinned Sparrow' (Spizella atrogularia)687 HASP 'llarria' Sparrow' (Zonotrichia querula)608 WCSP 'White-crowned Sparrow' (Zonotrichia leucophrya)609 GCSP 'Golden-crowned Sparrow'. (Zonotrichia atricapilla)690 WTSP 'White-throated Sparrw' (Zonotrichia albicollia)691 FOSP 'Fox Sparrow' (Paaaerella iliaca)692 LISP 'Lincoln's Sparrow' (MeloapUa lincolnii)693 SWSP 'Swamp Sparrow' (Heloapiza georgiana)694 SOSP 'Song Sparrow' (Meloapita nelodia)695 MCLO 'McCown'a Longapur' (Calcariua accownii)696 l.ALO 'Lapland Longapur' (Calcariua lapponicua)697 SHLO 'Smith's Longapur' (Calcariua pictus)698 CCLO 'Chestnut-collared Longapur' (Calcariua ornatus)699 SHBU 'Snow Bunting' (Plectrophenax nivalia)700 ttCBU 'Moray's Bunting' (Plectrophenax hyperboreua)701 UHSP 'Unidentified Sparrow'
UNIDENTIFIED BIRDS
UNBI 'Unidentified Birds'
SOURCE: American Ornithological Union A',R-3 0 3 I 6
SOP 29: SEDIMENT SAMPLING FOR TIE TESTING
I. PURPOSE
To provide a general guideline for collecting sediment samples to be used in thetoxicity indication evaluation (TIE) testing at the site.
n. SCOPEA sediment-sampling approach is provided. Site-specific details are discussed inrelated sections of the field sampling plan.
HI. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
• Log book
• Map of the lagoon with sampling locations
• Hip boots or chest waders
• 4' x 8' plywood sheets
• Non-slip bathtub mats or equivalent
• Twelve new 5-gallon plastic buckets with scalable lids
• Stainless-steel trowel and plastic shovel
• Stainless-steel or wooden tongue depressors
• Stainless-steel bowl
• Sample containers
• Personal protective equipment
• Coolers
• Venniculite for packing samples in coolers
• Strapping tape
• Chain of Custody forms
• Chain of Custody seals
1 AR3Q3I65
• Water buckets
• Decontamination materials
• Site Health and Safety Plan
IV. PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES
1. Samples will be collected from the three locations shown in the figure. Allsampling stations are located in or near the lagoon.
The first station will be at the end of the drainage inlet to the lagoon, justat the point where it is tidally exposed. This should be a depositional areaand one that is rather muddy or silty.
The second station will be in the middle of the lagoon. It will be as closeto the center of the lagoon one can reach by walking from the inlet downthe middle of the lagoon until the point where the mud reaches the top ofa the sampler's boots. The bottom of the lagoon grades from sandy to siltyto muddy in this area.
The third station is the depositional area, just a few feet from the outlet. Itis the first depositional area in the outlet ditch to the Christina River.
2. The samples should be collected as soon as possible as the tide goes out sothat the maximum amount of pore fluids can be obtained.
3. Difficulties accessing the sampling stations should be anticipated. Previoussampling teams encountered deep, sticky mud that made walking difficult.It is suggested that sheets of plywood be laid down on the surface of thesediment to distribute the weight of the samplers and equipment. Rubberbath mats may be used to increase foothold.
4. The sediment samples will be collected from a depth of 0 to 3 inches afterremoving surface debris such as sticks and weeds. At each locationsamples will be collected for the following analyses:
• Two 40-ml vials for VOCs (including tentatively identifiedcompounds)
• Two 40-ml vials for VOCs (including tentatively identifiedcompounds); this sample will serve as a trip blank
• One 6-ounce glass bottle for BNA extractables, pesticides, and PCBs(including tentatively identified compounds)
• One 6-ounce glass bottle for cyanide
WR303I66
• One 6-ounce glass bottle for TAL metals
• One 3-ounce glass bottle for thiocyanate
• One 3-ounce glass bottle for weak dissociated cyanide
• One 6-ounce glass bottle for ammonia
• One 3-ounce glass bottle for total organic carbon
The VOC samples will be collected first and according to proceduresdescribed in SOP 4.
At one location a duplicate sample will be collected.
For one of the samples the following extra volumes will be collected asMS/MSDs:
• VOCs: four extra vials• All other analyses: one extra bottle each
The samples for VOC analysis will be collected directly into the samplecontainers with a stainless-steel or dedicated wooden tongue depressor.Sediment for other analyses will be placed in a stainless-steel bowl with astainless-steel trowel and mixed; samples from this composited sedimentwill be collected directly into the sample containers with a stainless-steel ordedicated wooden tongue depressor. Rocks, plant fragments, and otherlarge debris will be removed by hand.
5. The pH of the pore fluids in the samples will be measured in the fieldaccording to SOP 10. The dissolved-oxygen content of the pore fluids inthe samples will be measured according to SOP 20. Pore fluids will beaccessed by making a shallow depression in the sediment and testing thefluid in the depression.
6. Samples will be collected directly into 5-gallon plastic containers with astainless-steel trowel or shovel. Rocks, plant fragments, and other debriswill be removed by hand. Four 5-gallon containers will be filled for each ofthe 3 samples. The samples will be visually described in the field logbook.
7. Samples for grain-size analysis will be collected at each station. Thesamples will be placed in 32-ounce glass containers.
8. One equipment rinsate blank will be collected according to SOP 16 andone field blank will be prepared.
10. The locations of the samples will be marked with 8-foot-long wood stakes
3 W30-3I67
ftH303!68
with an indication of the sampling location clearly and permanently markedon the stake.
11. The samples for analysis for VOCs, BNAs, etc. will be packed and shippedto CRL or a CUP laboratory by standard procedures. Each 5-gallon plasticcontainer will be packed in a cooler and bags of ice will be placed aroundthe container. The twelve 5-gallon containers will be shipped to CH2MHTLL's Milwaukee laboratory by overnight shipper.
12. Equipment will be decontaminated as described in SOP 6. Rl-derivedwastes will be disposed of according to SOP 7. Health and safetymonitoring will be performed according to SOPs 12 and 13.
V. ATTACHMENTS
Figure showing sample station locations.
VI. KEY CHECKS AND ITEMS
• Follow recommended safety precautions in performing all operations.
• Clean sample equipment between sample stations.
• Materials laid down to access sampling locations need to be removed andtreated as Rl-derived waste.
IR303I69
Attachment B
fii303!70
625 Herndon Parkway (P.O. Box 4400). Reston. VA 22090
Field DataNotes and Observations
Site: Tl- I_________Date: *|||vs. Project: f\A<-69
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I1303I7I
CH2M Hill 625 Herndon Parkway (P.O. Box 4400), Reston, VA 22090
Field DataNotes and Observations
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ICH2M Hill 625 Herndon Parkway (P.O. Box 4400), Reston, VA 22090
1 Field DataNotes and Observations
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CH2M Hill 625 Herndon Parkway (P.O. Box 4400), Reston. VA 22090
Field DataNotes and Observations
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Field DataNotes and Observations
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H8303I7S
CH2M Hill 625 Herndon Parkway (P.O. Box 4400). Reston, VA 22090
Field DataNotes and Observations
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W303I76
625 Herndon Parkway (P.O. Box 4400), Reston, VA 22090
> Field DataNotes and Observations
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CH2M Hill 625 Herndon Parkway (P.O. Box 4400), Reston, VA 22090
Field DataNotes and Observations
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AH303I78
DATA FORMINTERMEDIATE ONSITE DETERMINATION VSTHC:QUADRAT TRANSECT SAMPLING PROCEDURE
(Vegetation Data)
F = 3 Investigator(s): C£yV \ J \. trf /Frr.ect/Site: L -A feQ _________________ Date: ^ 12 H /*i"?_Arr.:cant/Owner: £T #A- State: O£_- County: A Vx- / ,. 4
-r- |_____________ PiOt S»:
v.'.'r/ If a more detailed site description is necessary, use the back of the form or a>fieldnotez>:>:-<. -• ___
DOMINANT PLANT SPECIES
IndicatorHerbs (Bryophytes) Status_______ Saplings_____ Status
1.
jr,I t
\ y/\ U",i,j.) _____________' "r" » . ^ " ———————————
^ V —- 3.~ | ^ f-- t A ft t 4.
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9." 10.
12.
IndicatorWoody Vines Status
Indicator indicatorShrubs____ Status____ Trees_____ Status
__________ IZZZZZZZ 1- ' _________ ZZZZH_________________________________ __________ 2- __________________________ ________________________________ ___________ 3. __________________________ _____________________________________ _________ 4- _________________________________ ________________________________' _________ 5- ____________________________ __________________________________ __________ 6- __________________ ______________________________________ __________ 7- __________________________ __________________________________ __________ 8. _________________;_________ ________________________________ ___________ 9- _____________'.__________________ ____________________________________ __________ 1°- __________________ ________________________ _______ 11. ________________________ ______
~~ 12. __________________________ ______. 13.
Percent of dominarr species i-at areOBL, FACW, and,",rFAC: ^~ 5
^ . _. _. rgh:gf/\.V=TFED-I.V/K1:b-3-int-quadrat/1-9011303 I 79
DATA FORMINTERMEDIATE ONSITE DETERMINATION METHODQUADRAT TRANSECT SAMPLING PROCEDURE
(Vegetation Data)
Fe.'d Investigator®: Lkr/U II Vrf C / f!L&£-<-> &ft-H-p.r.;c.~(/o;to- . \ T ^v iPrcject/Site: o-W, o\ Pate:Applicant/Owner: -fe^A_______________State: PtL- County: A- - Q <2 «. - •Transect*: T. Plot #: ,3
\'::e: If a more detailed site description is necessary, use the back of the form or a field notebock._
DOMINANT PLANT SPECIES
T .2.3..1,
0.
2.
Herbs (Brvophvtes)1—McDpu-s 'J » rci i f\ \ <_\ju<aVc 1 M q nt-\i J »^v V\w fAxVr>iOi v2C-T"
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Saplings Status1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12,13.
Indicator IndicatorShrubs____ Status______ Trees_____ Status
_ 1. _________________________________~ 2. ___________________________
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8.___ 9.___ 10.___ 11.
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IndicatorWoody Vines Status
1*. ____________________________ ___________ Percent of dominant species ihat are12.- OBL, FACW, and/crFAC:
8-3 rgh:gf/VVHTFED-I.V^K1;b-3-inl-quadrat/1-90
flB303i80/
DATA FORMINTERMEDIATE ONSITE DETERMINATION METHODQUADRAT TRANSECT SAMPLING PROCEDURE
(Vegetation Data)
F'sic investigators): t4r . X\7-4f /Prcj-rJSite: -t-X /±. Ja. Date:App'fcant/Owner: 13/>A- State: P£_ County:Transect #: -r- r> Plot #: /-
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IndicatorWoody Vines Status
2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.
•'*'::e: i' a more detailed site description is necessary, use the back of the form or a field notebook. ^ ^
DOMINANT PLANT SPECIES
IndicatorHerbs (Bryophytes) Status _ Saplings_____ \ Status
Q_ "1- ____________________ ___2.
5- X/^vTloii «?<., ,,i 4-U,.- .-LX> iX L. 9-C- C- \-ti fu-*> ' <.<-»-4.»c-c X c, 'pyvcn- io.i. \ * 11.2. 12.2. 13.
Indicator IndicatorShrubs Status Trees Status
Percent of dominant species that are12,- OBL, FACW. and/orFAC:
B-S , rgh:gfAV=7FED-I.WK1:b-3-int-quadrat/1-90
fcBSO-3-l 8 I
DATA FORMINTERMEDIATE ONSITE DETERMINATION METHODQUADRAT TRANSECT SAMPLING PROCEDURE
(Vegetation Data)
F'eld Investigators): £tx~«'M d- 17 f-f /Prcject/Site: H - -K '-IApplicant/Owner: &Jp-A-Transect #: "T 3
'•,'cle: If a more detailed site description is necessary.
Herbs (Bryophytes)
2. g 'V«.*tri' i— »-~ <xi'3
£rt<?^ &O-H-Date: _ 5_
State: Q£_ County: |Oi? - C J —LPlot #: /
use //?e back of the form or a field notebook.
DOMINANT PLANT SPECIES
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AH303I86
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