sharechart Technical Analysis from Student Ankit Bhaukajee Presentation on HBL 2016-05-13
Technical Analysis Presentation[1]
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WORKSHOP ON
TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
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Definition : Technical Analysis
³Technical Analysis is the organized
and systematic study of a pictorial
representation (chart) of the past price actions
of a particular item with a view to ascertaining
its expected future behavior´.Three premises on which Technical Analysis
builds up:
Market Action Discounts Everything
Prices Move in Trends
History Repeats Itself
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Basic Tenets of Dow Theory
Averages Discount Everything
Markets has Three(3) Trends
(Bull,Bear,Sideways)Volume Must Confirm The Trend
A Trend is in Effect until it Gives
Definite Signals of Reversal
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Chart Construction
The X-axis on a chart plots the periods for which prices
are plotted and Y-axis plots the value or the price of theshare. This could range from hours to years .we canhave charts as well as hourly, daily ,weekly quarterly,yearly charts based on the data.
Day Traders trade on basis of Intra-Day charts as theyare more interested in the immediate movement in stockprices. Ideally Day.
There are Three types of Charts which are commonly
used by ChartistsLine Chart
Bar Chart
Candlestick Chart
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The 4 quotes are Normally in order of (Example)
Open (Rs. 200)High (Rs.225)
Low (Rs.175)
Close (Rs.180)High
Open
Close
Low
High
Open
Close
Low
BAR CHART CANDLESTICK CHART
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Trend AnalysisUpTrend:
In uptrend the share prices move in upward direction makingnew highs in the process. Hence the best indication of up
trend is the prices making a higher top ±higher bottom . In
such situation one should try to buy on every fall
Downtrend:
The share prices move in downward direction making new
lows in the process. Hence the best indication of downtrend is
the prices making a lower top ±lower bottom . In such situation
one should try to sell on every rise.
Sideways Trend:
The share prices move in a narrow band ,neither going upward
nor downward .one should wait for a clearcut breakout and nottrade in Sideways Trend as there is not much movement.
Mixed Trend:
The share prices move in both directions going upwards as
well as downwards more than once in a trading day This type
of day usually sees the combination of all the trends and that
too more than once
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UPWARD TREND
DOWNWARD TREND
Sideways Trend
Sideways to
Uptrend
Sideways to Downtrend
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MIXED TREND
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DOUBLE TOPS DOUBLE BOTTOMS
BREAKOUT FOR DOWNTREND
BREAKOUT FOR UPTREND
DOUBLE TOPS
DOUBLE BOTTOMS
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TRIPLE TOPS &TRIPLE BOTTOM
TRIP
LE TOP
TRIP
LE BOTTOM
BREAKOUT FOR DOWN TREND
BREAKOUT FOR UPTREND
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ROUNDING TOP /INVERSE SAUCER
PATTERN
ROUNDING TOP
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SUPPORT AND RESISTANCE
SUPPORT LEVEL
RESISTANCE LEVEL
Support line once violated acts as a resistance line
for any up move and vice-versa
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B AR REVERSAL
UPWARD BAR REVERSAL DOWNWARD BAR REVERSAL
SIMPLE PERFECT SIMPLE PERFECT
Close
higher
than
previous
day¶s
close
Lower lowLower low
Close higher
than previousday¶s close
and high
Higher
high
Close lower
than the
previous
day¶s close
Higher high
Close lower
than previous
days close and
low
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Head and Shoulder Pattern
SHOULDER (Left)
HEAD
SHOULDER (Right)
NECKLINE
Pull Back
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Inverse Head and Shoulder Pattern
Penetration of the Neckline
Neckline
SHOULDER( Left) SHOULDER (Right)
HEAD
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Ascending or Descending Triangle
Lower trend line is rising and the upper trendline is flat
Lower trend line is flat upper trendline is declining
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WEDGES
BU Y
SELL
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MOVING AVERAGES
A moving average is an indicator that showsthe average value of a security¶s price over a
period of time .In technical analysis it is
calculated on a dynamic (day to day basis)
and the average value change in the price of security.
Commonly used Moving Averages are
Simple Moving Average (SMA)
Weighted Moving Averages (WMA)Exponential Moving Averages (EMA)
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USING MOVING AVERAGES
Identifying trend reversal by price and Moving
Average crossover.
Identifying trends by crossover of two Moving
Averages.
Short period M A Early entry or exit from the
trend BUT more whipsaws and higher
incidence of false loss making trades . More
transaction costs .Long period MA Late entry and exit from the
trend BUT lesser whipsaws and lower
transaction costs
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MOVING AVERAGES
Two different MA¶s of two different periods are
used and signals are generated by
crossovers/supports /resistances between
them.
Time gap between the periods should be
sufficiently large (enough to represent one as
short term ,the second as medium /long term)
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BASIC SIGNALS IN RESPECT OF MOVING
AVERAGES (FOR BU Y SIGNAL)
3 MA should be almost parallel and equidistance and turningupwards
The 3 MA should be in ascending order i.e. lowest at the bottom andhighest at the top
The first signal to buy is when the Short term MA line cuts
the Medium term MA line from the bottom
The rise in the prices in this area should be accompanied
by the substantial rise in volumes
The second signal to buy (confirmatory )is when the Short term MA
cuts the Long term MA which confirms that thetrend is going to continue.
One should stay long in the stock till the Short term MA line is abovethe long term MA line and book profits based on the momentum of the stock as well as the overall market situation
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MA¶s used-60/180/300
300 Minutes
180 Minutes
60 Minutes SELL I
SELL II
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INDICATORS
TWO TYPES
MOMEMTUM : Uses the principle of divergence and confirmation
OSCILLATORS : Uses the principle of over bought and over sold signals
Indicators only read the underlyingpower and velocity in the trend notthe trend.
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Commonly used Indicators
MOMEMTUM
Rate of Change(ROC)12E9
Moving Average Convergence AndDivergence (MACD) 9 24 E 9
OSCILLATORS
Relative Strength Index (RSI) 14E9
STOCHASTICS (% K5,%D3 E3)
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STOCHASTICS(%K5 ,%D3,E3)(IN 15 /30 MINS CHART)
OVER
BOUGHT
OVER
SOLD
SELL SELL
BU YBU Y
OSCILLATOR LINE TRIGGER LINE
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NEGATIVE DIVERGENCE
� Price chart making HIGHER TOP
� Oscillator making a LOWER TOP
� Price Chart and Oscillator diverging AWAY from each other at a
significant high.
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SIGNALS B ASED ON OSCILLATORS
SELL the overbought zone when there is negativedivergence between the price and the oscillator
or SELL in the overbought zone when the oscillator line firstcuts the trigger line from above
BU Y the oversold zone when there is positive divergencebetween the price and the oscillator.
or BU Y in the overbought zone when the oscillator line firstcuts the trigger line from below
Oscillators gives early signals but it also gives manywhipsaws (false signal). To avoid this it should be usedalong with patterns and other indicators and not inisolation.
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PRICE BREAKOUTSPrice Breakout indicate sharp Price Movement with aGreat Momentum at That Point Of Time It Happens DueTo Sudden Change In Demand And Supply Situation ata Particular Level
Breakout have to be supported by high volumes and are
normally good indication of the direction as well as thespeed at which the price moves
Breakout implies that the demand and supply situationat that a given point of time changes drastically and thedemand increases incase of an upper breakout and
supply increases in case of downward breakout
In a trended market the breakout indicate continuationof a move as well as a reversal of a move depending onwhere they occur.
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BULL TRAP
Bull trap is a situation when lot of buying comes
In and the market looks very strong and poised to
take off further in upward direction.
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BEAR TRAP
A bear trap's a situation where in a lot of bear become
active on sensing a further fall and before they realize
they are swept off their feet by bulls they do not get a
chance to exit their short position .
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STOP LOSS AND ITS
IMPORTANCE
Stop loss means that one should cutoff or
square off the deal if it goes against him .In
case a day Trader fails to spot a change of
trend ,a small stop loss can save him from big
loss Stop loss is the life line for day trader ,andfor trader to be successful in day trading
timely execution of stop loss is a must
A day trader who has a long position has tokeep his stop ±loss at a price below the
purchase price and the trader having a short
position should have a stop loss above a price
higher than his sell price.
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ABOVE THE TOP OR BELOW THE
BOTTOM OF A MOVE
STOP LOSS
SELL
STOP LOSS
BU Y
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ABOVE OR BELOW THE TRENDLINE
IN CASE OF A BREAKOUT
STOP LOSS
SELL
STOP LOSS
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CONCEPT OF TRAILING STOP-
LOSSES(IN AN UPWARD MOVE)
Original S-L
1st Trailing S-L
2nd Trailing S-L
3rd Trailing S-L
4th Trailing S-L
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CONCEPT OF TRAILING STOP-
LOSSES(IN AN DOWNWARD MOVE)Original S-L
1st Trailing S-L
2ndTrailing S-L
3rd Trailing S-L
4th Trailing S-L
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STOP AND REVERSE
TECHNIQUE (SAR)This Technique is Highly useful when in a trended market,there is a change of trend and one is currently against thetrend.
If one is long in a bullish market and if lot of selling pressurecomes and if one is convinced that this may be change of a
trend ;one should not only square the existing long positionbut should go short.
In a bearish market if one is short and a lot of buying pressurecomes and if one is convinced that this may be change of atrend ;one should not only square of the existing short
position but should go long
Normally market tops and bottoms act as good Resistance andSupport level and on breach of support and resistance oneneeds to use SAR technique immediately
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CONCEPT OF AVERAGING
The idea of averaging is to bring down the purchase price incase of long position and pull up the sale price in case of ashort position
One should average from long or short position only uptoaround 75% to 80% of the stop loss levels in order to get thebenefit of zigzag movements of the share prices
One way to average is to buy or sell equal quantity on everyfall or rise
The other way is to start with a small quantity and double onevery fall or rise
This helps to get the average price higher in case of shortposition and lower in case of long position
Under no circumstances one should average in case the stop-loss levels have been reached (its better to get the stop losstriggered)
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J APNESE CANDLESTICKS
JAPNESE CANDLESTICKS ANALYSIS
CANDLE STICK CHARTS VERSUS BAR CHART
STANDARD BAR CHARTS
CANDLESTICKS CHARTS
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CANDLESTICKS CHARTSCONSTRUCTION
BODY
SHADOWS
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CANDLESTICKS CHARTSCONSTRUCTION
BEAR DAY
OPEN
CLOSE
BODY
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CANDLESTICKS CHARTSCONSTRUCTION
BULL DAY
OPEN
BODY
CLOSE
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CONSTRUCTION
CLOSE
OPEN
DOJI
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TYPES OF DAYS
BIG DAYS
SMALL DAYS
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TYPES OF DAYS
SHAVEN HEADS
OPEN MORUBOZU CLOSING MORUBOZU
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TYPES OF DAYS
Spinning Tops (koma)
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Grave Stone Doji (hakaishi)
Construction: long upper shadow closing is same asopening
Psychology: it reflects that the bulls dominated the
session after the opening but in mid session
the bears became active and pushed the
prices down
Implication: Bearish if appears after the rally
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Dragon Fly Doji (tonbo)
Construction: no upper shadow long lower shadow closing is same as
opening
Psychology: it reflects sellers (bears) dominated the market initially
but after mid session the bulls forced the prices up and
ultimately closed at the opening level
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Long Legged Doji (hakaishi)
Constriction: long upper shadow long lower shadow closing is same
as opening
Psychology: It reflects indecision amongst buyers (bulls) sellers(bears)
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HAMMER (tonkachi)
Scenarios and Psychology:
The market has been in a downtrend and there is a bearish
sentiment all around somehow the sell off does not take place ,the
bears feel it uneasy as the recovery is swift and by the end of the
session the prices recover to close near the opening levels if the
candle is bullish it is better confirmation is required with an open
higher and higher close would be ideal .
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HANGING MAN (kubitsuri)
Scenarios and Psychology
The market has been in an up trend and there is a bullish
sentiment all around .But weakness seeps in. Prices do not
remain firm ,bulls feel uneasy and profit booking takes. Prices are
pushed to lower levels by the end of the session the prices
recover to close near the opening levels if the candle is bearish it
is better .
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Engulfing Bullish Pattern (tsutsumi)
A down trend is in place when a small black body occurs and prices
remain subdued and close at a lower end with low volumes .The next
day prices open with a downward gap and huge buying emerges
pushing the price up This makes the bears nervous and they book
profits fuelling a rally .At close the prices are above the previous
days high if the next day the prices are firm the trend can reverse
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Bullish Harami (harami)
Down trend is in place for sometime A long black candle withaverage volumes is formed The next day the prices openhigher with a gap .Some bears ,taken by surprise cut their shorts causing the price to rise further .Volume is high whichsuggest short covering Confirmation of reversal on the nextday will be proof the trend reversal
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Bearish Harami (harami)
An uptrend is in place for sometime with long white candle
and huge volumes .The next day the prices open lower andstay in a smaller range closing lower but within the previousdays real body. This is the first signal for traders to bewatchful specially if the volumes are low as it appears thatthe trend is about to change.
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Piercing Line (kirikomi)
Scenario:
A long black body is formed in a downtrend which maintains bearish
sentiments .An open the next day with a downward gap heightens thebearish scenario but the market rallies all day and closes above themidpoint of the previous days real body (ideal > 60%) with highvolumes .This market action causes nervousness amongst the bearsand a reversal is around the corner.
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Dark Cloud Cover
Scenario
A long white candlestick is formed in an up trend the next day
prices open with an upside gap indicating a strong opening Prices
may or may not go higher but at a certain level nervousness steepsin followed by profit booking This leads to prices closing well into
the real body of the previous day A reversal is on the cards If prices
open below the close and remain that way for the rest of the day
,the bears move into action to join the party
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Harami Cross
Psychology behind harami cross is the same as harami patterna trend is in place for sometime and all of sudden the pricesare confined within the limits of the previous days real body.To make the matters worse the prices close at the same levelas the opening volume is dry (low) reflecting indecisionamongst both the bulls and the bears reversal is on the cards
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Morning Star
Scenario
A downtrend has been in place confirming the power of the bears who
are in total control leaving no doubt that this action may continuefurther .The next day prices gap lower on the open ,trade within thesmall range and closes near the open (this signals a weakening bear grip). The third day sees prices open with an upper gap and closehigher .The bulls gear into action seeing the opportunity.
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Evening Star
An up trend is in place which is assisted by a long white
candle There is little doubt about the up trend to continue .Thenext day prices gap higher and move in narrow range only to
close near the opening level .this small body shows the
nervousness amongst the bulls and their inability to drive the
prices up further .This also reflects indecision among the
players The next day prices are pushed further down
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Upside gap two crows
Scenario:
A white body occurs in an up trend The second day prices openwith an upward gap and decline to close below the open to form theblack day but higher than the first days High/close This is followedby a higher open and then drop to a close lower then the previousdays close though this close may be higher than the first day openthe bullish sentiment has definitely taken a hit
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TOOLS FOR DAY TRADING
TECHNICAL SYSTEM
Support/Resistance based on Trendlines\Significant
highs and lows.
Breakouts supported by strong Volumes
A signal based on moving Averages
A signal based on oscillator
Daily Trend as well as Intra-Day Trend of stock as well
as overall Trend of the market
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FINANCIAL ASPECT IN DAY TRADING
Execution Of A Trade
Stock To Choose
Quantity To Trade
Risk To Reward RatioTotal Traded Volume In Stock
Volatility Of A Stock
Maximum Loss Per DayMinimum Loss Per Day
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MENTAL ASPECTS IN DAY TRADING
GREED
FEAR
BOREDOM
OVERCONFIDENCE
HERD MENTALITYMONOTONY
CHANGE
EGOISM
ANGER
FATIGUE
FREEZ MENTALITY
HOPE
MIND TRAPS
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MIND TRAPS
COMPULSIVE TRADING
FREEZ MENTALITY
EGO CLASHESMENTAL FATIGUE
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CONDITIONING THE MIND TO
OVERCOME MIND TRAPS
Sit In A Totally Relaxed Posture
Close Your Eyes And Relax Your Whole
Body
Go In A Deeper State Of Relaxation
Give Auto Suggestions To Overcome
Mind Traps
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EXPRIENCES AND QUOTES OF
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³ A Trader Must Create A System Or Be Enslaved
By Another Man¶s System´
- William Blake
³If You Can¶t Take A Small Loss ,Sooner Of Later You Will Take The Mother Of All The Losses´
- Jack Schwager
³It Makes Better Sense To Make Mistakes On Your Own In
Trading Rather Than Pay For Someone¶s Else µs «At
Least You Get To Learn Something´
- Burton Malkiel
EXPRIENCES AND QUOTES OF
SOME TRADERS
GOLDEN RULES OF DAY
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GOLDEN RULES OF DAY
TRADING
Trend is your Friend
Ride on Profits & Cut Losses
Do not be too GreedyTake Trading decisions yourself
Always be Flexible
Do not be Compulsive Trader Make use of all Trading Tools
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