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Day 3

Four Planning Questions for Instruction

2 Which strategies will1. What knowledge will students learn?

2. Which strategies will provide evidence that students have learned that knowledge?

3 Which3. Which strategies will help students acquire

and integrate new knowledge?

4. Which strategies will help students practice, review,

and apply that knowledge?

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Which strategies will help students practice, review, and apply that knowledge?

Identifying Similarities and Differences

Homework and Practice

Generating and Testing Hypotheses

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IdentifyingIdentifying Similarities

and Differences

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Classroom Recommendations

Teach students to use comparing, classifying, metaphors, and analogies.p g

Give students a model of the steps for engaging in the process.

Use a familiar context to teach students the steps – one paradigm at a time.

Have students use graphic organizers and

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Have students use graphic organizers and symbolism to represent the similarities and differences.

Guide students as they engage in this process. Gradually give less structure and less guidance.

Similarities and differences can be identified through:

Classification Metaphor

Comparison

Classification

Analogy

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Comparison Analogy

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Comparison Steps1. Select the items you

want to compare.

2. Select the characteristics of the items on which you want to base your comparison.

3. Explain how the items

7Example: David Nolan’s Political Spectrum Chart

pare similar and different with respect to the characteristics you selected.

Pine Tree Tulip Shark Elephant Comparisons

External body

f

Similarities

Comparison Matrix Example

features Differences

Habitat Similarities

Differences

Sources of Energy

Similarities

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gyDifferences

Productivity Similarities

Differences

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Comparing Using Kidspiration

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Comparing with InspireData

You can download a 30-day freeYou can download a 30 day free trial at: http://www.inspiration.com/freetrial

Let’s use a few resource data sets to compare similarities and differences.

Alligators

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Alligators

Early Native Americans

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Comparing Schooling - Then and Now

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1. Watch one of the videos from the wiki.2. Use idea mapping software in groups of three. 3. Use the information from the video and the combined

experience of your group to create a comparison chart

Comparing Schooling Then & Now

experience of your group to create a comparison chart of schooling in the past compared to schooling today or in the future.

4. Share your chart with the class by posting it to a wiki or emailing it to the presentation computer to be projected for the whole class at mkuhn@mcrel.org.

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A Vision of K-12 Students Today (4:08) The Connected Classroom Video (4:50) Education Today and Tomorrow (2:30)

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Classifying Using Kidspiration Templates

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Online Classification

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Classification Applications

and Simulations

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Insect Classification ExampleUsing Word’s Insert Table

Category Specimens

Insects 6 Legs

3 Body Segments3 Body Segments Antenna Present

Sugar Bag Bee

Ground Beetle

Fruit Fly

Arachnids 8 Legs

2 Body Segments No Antenna

Wishbone Spider Whistling Spider

Rainforest Scorpion

Myriapods Over 30 Legs Over 20 Body

Segments Antenna Present

Centipede

Millipede

House Centipede

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“That ride is a widow-maker.”

The process of id tif i l

Creating Metaphors

identifying a general or basic pattern in a specific topic and then finding another topic that appears to be quite different but

Does the ride really create widows? Of course not, but we get the idea that like anything that could actually create a widow– it feels dangerous.

be quite different but that has the same general pattern.

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Metaphor MeaningStudents analyze the text of Dr. Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” speech

for metaphors and their meaningfor metaphors and their meaning.Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former

Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregationto the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former

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I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.

Metaphor MeaningGoogle Docs Demonstration

Who has a Google account? If you do not haveWho has a Google account? If you do not have one, you can set one up for free at:

https://www.google.com/accounts/NewAccount

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Metaphor MeaningGoogle Docs Demonstration

• For those that have an account, let’s edit aFor those that have an account, let s edit a document together to find, highlight, and explain in literal language the metaphors in Dr. Martin Luther King’s I Have a Dream speech.

• Go to http://docs.google.com/#documents and follow along with your facilitator

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follow along with your facilitator.

• If you do not have an account, watch and help those that do have an account find and explain the metaphors.

Picture 1

Mathematics – Differentiation MetaphorDifferentiation or finding the limit of a function is taking pictures at

different moments as a kid sleds down a hill.See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivative for a description of differentiation.

Picture 2

Picture 3

Picture 4

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f(x) = 1/x at the 2nd picture of the sledding kid. [y>0]

f’(2) = -1/x2 = -1/4 = the slope of the sled at the moment the 2nd picture is taken.

See http://www.zweigmedia.com/ThirdEdSite/tutorials/frames2_4B.html for an explanation of the power rule that calculates this derivative.

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CreatingAnalogies

The process of identifying relationships between

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relationships between pairs of concepts – in other words, identifying relationships between relationships.

Analogy Example

The I Have a Dream speech was to pthe Civil Rights Movement as

___________ was to _____________.

Students are to complete the analogy

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using another event in history.

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Analogy Example 2

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How is this picture an analogy?

Online Analogy Quizzes

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Quizzes

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Blog Reflection

1. Think about one lesson you currently teach that would be enhanced by identifying similarities and diff i t h ldifferences using technology.

2. What technology would you use and how would it enhance the lesson? Describe the steps you will take?

3. Log in and post your answers to these questions under “Identifying Similarities and Differences” on

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under Identifying Similarities and Differences on the blog at: http://sites.epals.com/mcrel1.

4. Replies to others on the blog are optional.

Homework and Practice

Extends the learning opportunities for students to practice, review, and apply knowledge.

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Classroom RecommendationsHomework:

• Establish and communicate a homework policy that includes a minimalist parent role as guide and supervisor.

• Design assignments that clearly articulate purpose and outcome.

• Provide feedback in a variety of ways.

Practice:

• Ask students to chart their speed and accuracy.

S ff ld ti t f ifi l t f• Scaffold practice to focuses on specific elements of a complex skill or process.

• Plan for both focused and longitudinal practice.

• Plan time for students to increase their conceptual understanding of skills or processes.

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Practice

Mastering a skill requires focused qpractice, upwards of 24 times to reach 80% competency.

Increases in competence decrease pafter each practice, with the first 6 practices reaching 47.8 percent mastery.

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Misconception About Practice

• Practice does not • Practice makes make perfect permanent

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Making Practice Appealing

• Immediate feedback is key

• Research on “gaming software” for learning

• SimSchool, pilot, military, and doctor simulations

• Marc Prenskyy

• www.games2train.com

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Using the Internet for Practice

• For the remainder of this section, we will ,show you exemplary resources to use for homework and/or practice

• Some are free; some are subscription based

• For these and additional links, see: http://delicious.com/mattscottkuhn/EdGames

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Charting SkillsMr. Conklin’s fourth-grade students had progressed to the point that they were fairly consistent in their accuracy when keyboarding. However, Mr. Conklin knew that they needed to increase their speed if they were to become proficient in usingincrease their speed if they were to become proficient in using the computer for assignments or projects. For homework, he asked students to practice typing using Dance Mat Typing found at http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/typing over several evenings and to chart their speed for each time. For accountability, he asked students to get their parent’s signatures for each chart entry.

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Go to the wiki and try it out from the Homework & Practice Page. What makes this sort of homework appealing to students?

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www.iknowthat.com Skill-building games for Elementary & Middle

(Leon’s Math Dojo, Punctuation Paintball)

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www.bbc.co.uk/skillswise “Words”

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http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/laac

35Reading and math games for K-1

http://matti.usu.edu/nlvm/nav/vlibrary.html

Matches NCTM standards for all grades 36

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http://www.madcaplogic.com Art Education

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www.brainpop.com

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www.explorelearning.com Math and science Gizmos (subscription-based)

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http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com

40(formerly United Streaming)

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Wizards & Pigs Poetry Conceptshttp://www.earobics.com/gamegoo/gooey.html

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Secondary H&P ActivityThese sites are posted on the

workshop wiki. Choose one of them and figure out how it could be used

for homework and practice. 1. HippoCampus (multiple subjects) www.hippocampus.org2. National Library of Virtual Manipulatives (math)

http://nlvm.usu.edu/en/nav/vlibrary.html3. Quizlet (vocabulary) http://quizlet.com4. eBoard (communication and organization) http://www.eboard.com

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( g ) p5. Brain Pop (all subjects) http://www.brainpop.com6. High School Ace (all subjects) http://highschoolace.com/ace/ace.cfm7. Physics 24/7 http://www.physics247.com8. Web Assign (collaborative homework/practice) www.webassign.net

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Elementary School H&P ActivityThese sites are posted on the

workshop wiki. Choose one of them and figure out how it could be usedand figure out how it could be used

for homework and practice. 1. Tux Paint (art) http://www.tuxpaint.org2. National Library of Virtual Manipulatives (math)

http://nlvm.usu.edu/en/nav/vlibrary.html3. Digger and the Gang (math, english, and science)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/digger/index.shtml4

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4. Dance Mat Typing http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/typing5. Fun Brain (math and reading) http://www.funbrain.com6. Starfall (learning to read) http://www.starfall.com7. I Know That (all subjects) www.iknowthat.com8. Ed Heads (science) http://www.edheads.org

Generating and Testing Hypotheses

Enhances students’ understanding of and ability to use knowledge by engagingand ability to use knowledge by engaging

them in mental processes that involve making and testing hypotheses.

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Classroom Recommendations

Make sure students can l i th i h thexplain their hypotheses

and conclusions.

Use a variety of structured tasks to guide students through generating and testing hypotheses

Is theprediction

true?Predict

testing hypotheses.

Plan for both the application of established theories and the creation of new ones from evidence.

Why orwhy not?

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Generating and Testing Hypotheses

Systems analysis

Problem solving

Historical investigation Invention Experimental

inquiryDecision making

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Follow along with me as we explore some of the related technologies. We will go in depth during the

Lemonade Stand Tournament activity.

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Systems Analysis

• Examples include simulations where students can manipulate the environment and make predictions aboutmanipulate the environment and make predictions about the outcome.

• The process of analyzing the parts of a system and the manner in which they interact.

• Simulation - World Energy 2006http://www.saintmarys.edu/~rtarara/ENERGY.html

• Simulation Peppered Moth www biologycorner com• Simulation - Peppered Moth www.biologycorner.com

• Build a Better Fire

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World Energy

2006

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Peppered Moth

Problem Solving

The process of overcoming constraints or limiting conditions that are in the way of achieving goals.

• Skills Games - Mastermindwww.cyberbee.com/games/mastermind.html

• Webquest – Monument on the Mallhttp://schoolweb.missouri.edu/nixa.k12.mo.us/sullivan/GovernmentQuest/index.html

• Broken Calculator -

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http://www.subtangent.com/maths/broken-calc.php

• Logo -http://www.mathsnet.net/logo/turtlelogo

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Historical Investigation

The process of identifying and resolving issues about past events, about which

• Muzzy Lane’s Making Historywww.making-history.com

• Plimoth Plantation’s You Be the Historianhttp://www plimoth org/education/

there are confusions or contradictions.

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http://www.plimoth.org/education/olc/index_js2.html

• Library of Congresshttp://memory.loc.gov/learn/lessons/01/west/overview.html

Invention

The process of developing unique products and processes that fulfill perceived needs.

• Invention at Playhttp://inventionatplay.org/playhouse_tinker.html

• Lemonade Standhttp://www.coolmath-games com/lemonade

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games.com/lemonade• The Rube Goldberg

Machine Contestwww.rubegoldberg.com

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Inventing a Business Lemonade Stand Tournament

• How many paper cups would you need for 7 days of business?

• What is the best deal… 25 cups for $0.76, 50 cups for $1.65, or 100 cups for $2.94?

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• What ratio of lemons to cups of sugar makes the best batch of lemonade?

Inventing a Business Lemonade Stand Tournament

• Based on your predicted ration, how many lemons and cups of sugar would you need for 7 days?

• What is the best deal on lemons… 10 for $0.92, 30 for $2 16 or 75 for $4 13?

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30 for $2.16, or 75 for $4.13?

• What is the best deal on cups of sugar… 8 for $0.60, 20 for $1.67, or 48 for $3.28?

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• How many ice cubes should you buy each day for 7 days of business?

Inventing a Business Lemonade Stand Tournament

• What is the best deal on ice cubes… 100 for $0.81, 250 for $2.11, or 500 for $3.95?

• How does the weather affect your sales?

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• How many ice cubes do people like in their lemonade?

Inventing a Business Lemonade Stand Tournament

56http://www.coolmath-games.com/lemonade

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Experimental InquiryThe process of generating and testing explanations of observed phenomena.

• Simulationswww.ExploreLearning.com Chicken Genetics Moon Phases

• Digital Imagery –ProScopehttp://www.proscopehr.comE Cl Bi i E

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• EyeClops Bionic Eye• http://www.amazon.com/dp/B0

00PGRBGA?smid=ATVPDKIKX0DER&tag=yahoo-toys01e-20&linkCode=asn

Science SensorsVernier

Pasco

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Fourier

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Generating and Testing HypothesesExperimental inquiry – Grades 3-5

• Elementary students predict if a set of different weighted bowling balls will sink or float in water (form hypotheses).

• They draw their predictions on a template provided by the teacher (see next slide).

• Then they test their hypothesis by observing the balls in water through a hand-on experiment or by

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watching a movie of the demonstration.

• Then students estimate the density of the balls using a comparison to the density of water and explain why they sink, hover, or float.

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Decision MakingThe process of generating and applying criteria to select from among seemingly equal alternatives.

• Multiple Scenarios Software - Decisions, Decisionswww.tomsnyder.com/products/product.asp?SKU=DECDEC

• Interactive Spreadsheets - Nutrition Worksheethttp://www.sabine.k12.la.us/class/Templates/NUTRITION%20WORKSHEET.XLT

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Your Personal Learning Network (PLN)

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Final Thoughts

• Internet Safety• ISTE NETS• ISTE NETS• Lesson Planning• Next Steps

Matt KuhnMatt Kuhn303-632-5628mkuhn@mcrel.orgwww.mcrel.org/technology

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Evaluation

• Go to http://techcitw.pbworks.com and follow along with your facilitator to find the workshop evaluationworkshop evaluation.

• Fill out the evaluation.

Thank you for all of your hard work during this workshop. I hope that

’ l d thi

Tech CITW

CI.P.08.07

you’ve learned something during our time together

that will help you improve student engagement and

achievement. Matt Kuhn

6/24/2009