Teamwork and Leadership

Types of Healthcare Teams

Administrative

Medical Emergency

Hospital Patient Care

Physician’s office

Outpatient care

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Healthcare Should Be a Team Sport

Team Composition

Two or more individuals organized to function cooperatively

Members focused on the same results Health care team: professionals with a

variety of:Health-related backgroundsEducationExperiences

One-Profession Team: Nursing (example)

Registered nurses (RNs)—team leaders

Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) Licensed vocational nurses (LVNs) Certified nursing assistants (CNAs)

Multidisciplinary Team Cooperative group of professionals with

different: Qualifications Skills Areas of expertise

Team members complement one another Provide comprehensive health care Example: cardiac rehabilitation team

Elements of Team Structure

Team purpose Team goals Team members’ roles Team functions

What is the reason for the team? What does it hope to accomplish? Points all members in right direction Determines how team should develop &

move forward For health care team: to provide or

support patient care

Team Purpose

Common goals or objectives Decisions not made independently Focus on best interest of team Willingness to listen to opinions of

other members

Team Goals

Team Members’ Roles Team leader Recorder or secretary Spokesperson Resource Implementers

Team Functions Activities carried out to meet goals Unique skills & experiences matched

to tasks Effectiveness of individual impacts all

others

Required Ingredients for Effective Teamwork

Open & honest communication Sufficient organizational resources Mutual support Understanding & recognizing role &

function of each member

Guidelines for Preparing Team Meetings

Set meeting time & place in advance

Choose a day & time when all members are available

For regular meetings, schedule for same day & time

Distribute agenda before meeting

Group Communication

Listen with full attention to other members

Express ideas as clearly as possible

Encourage feedback on all ideas Avoid letting negative emotions

cloud communications

Tips for Contributing to a Team

Remember group dynamics (how members relate to each other)

Encourage contributions from everyone

Avoid letting one member dominate

Sources of Conflict Substance vs. personality differences Independent work & limited group

conversation Atmosphere of distrust & suspicion Differences in:

TrainingKnowledgeExperience

Competitive work environment

Managing Conflict: Steps in Problem Solving

Assessing Diagnosing Creating a plan Implementing the plan Evaluating the plan Modifying the plan (if necessary)

Leadership The ability to influence others while working toward a vision or goal

Leadership (cont’d)

Characteristics of Successful Health Care Leaders Understand complexity of coordinated care Remain open to different points of view Understand interdependency of health care

team

Leadership (cont’d)Leadership Skills

Communication Problem solving Management Self evaluation

Leadership (cont’d)Leadership Styles

Autocratic (directive)Leader controls decisions & activities

DemocraticLeader shares decisions & activities

Laissez-faire (non-directive)Leader hands over power to group

Leadership (cont’d)Leadership and Management: Four Functions of Managers Planning Organizing Directing Controlling

Leadership (cont’d)Preparing for a Leadership Role Identify your strengths Evaluate how you accomplish work Clarify your values Assume responsibility for relationships

State roles and responsibilities Describe individual and team areas for

growth Describe team building exercises Invite discussion for best practices Recommend one or more strategies Suggest what to do next Identify action items

AS A LEADER: