TEACHING TEACHING VOCABULARYVOCABULARY

A presentation by:A presentation by:

Fawaz Hamad Al-Fawaz Hamad Al-GhoraibiGhoraibi

Modified Modified

ObjectivesObjectives To establish the importance of teaching To establish the importance of teaching

new vocabulary, as well as the form, and of new vocabulary, as well as the form, and of showing how words are used in context.showing how words are used in context.

To present techniques for showing the To present techniques for showing the meaning of new words.meaning of new words.

To show how to reinforce new vocabulary To show how to reinforce new vocabulary by asking questions using the new items.by asking questions using the new items.

The importance of teaching vocabulary items The importance of teaching vocabulary items

1- to provide students with a tool that will allow them 1- to provide students with a tool that will allow them to become independent readers.to become independent readers.

2- to pronounce and understand new words they 2- to pronounce and understand new words they encounter as they read.encounter as they read.

3- to qualify them to communicate with their teacher in 3- to qualify them to communicate with their teacher in English.English.

4- in reading, writing , and discussion lessons teachers 4- in reading, writing , and discussion lessons teachers are required to introduce new vocabulary items . are required to introduce new vocabulary items . Therefore, they have to have the sufficient skill to Therefore, they have to have the sufficient skill to present those new words.present those new words.

The importance of teaching vocabulary items The importance of teaching vocabulary items

5- the language consists of words and without 5- the language consists of words and without understanding those words , we lack the means of understanding those words , we lack the means of understanding that language.understanding that language.

Certainly, once the problem of the vocabulary items Certainly, once the problem of the vocabulary items is solved , consequently a great deal of the is solved , consequently a great deal of the language teaching problems will be solved.language teaching problems will be solved.

IntroductionIntroductionHere are some techniques of teaching new words.Here are some techniques of teaching new words.- Say the word clearly and write it on the board.Say the word clearly and write it on the board.- Get the class to repeat it in chorus.Get the class to repeat it in chorus.- Translate the word into Arabic.Translate the word into Arabic.- Ask the students to translate the word.Ask the students to translate the word.- Draw a picture to show what the word means.Draw a picture to show what the word means.- Give an English example to show how the word is Give an English example to show how the word is

used.used.- Ask questions using the new wordAsk questions using the new word..

Decide with the rest of Decide with the rest of your team which are the your team which are the most useful techniques.most useful techniques.

Can you think of any Can you think of any other techniques you other techniques you could use?could use?

Rumble & GrumbleRumble & Grumble Rumble = Rumble = الرعد الرعد صوت صوت GrumbleGrumble

Some people grumble about Some people grumble about everything. For example, everything. For example, they grumble about the they grumble about the weather. If it is sunny, they weather. If it is sunny, they say, ”It’s much too hot say, ”It’s much too hot today.” If it’s cool, they say, today.” If it’s cool, they say, “It’s very cold” They are “It’s very cold” They are never satisfied.never satisfied.

Do you know what “grumble” Do you know what “grumble” means in Arabic? means in Arabic?

Which One Is better?Which One Is better?Having studied the two previous techniques, Having studied the two previous techniques,

consider these questions with your consider these questions with your colleagues:colleagues:

- Which one is easier and clearer?Which one is easier and clearer?- Which one shows how the word is used in a Which one shows how the word is used in a

sentence?sentence?- Which one encourages the student to listen Which one encourages the student to listen

to the word being used?to the word being used?- Finally, which one do you think is more Finally, which one do you think is more

interesting?interesting?

Showing the Meaning of WordsShowing the Meaning of Words

I – Showing Meaning VisuallyI – Showing Meaning Visually

SeeingSeeing

The word is written on the chalkboard or a flash The word is written on the chalkboard or a flash card or a piece of paper.card or a piece of paper.

How could you explain these words?How could you explain these words?

Watch – Window – ElbowWatch – Window – Elbow

Tree – Tractor – CowTree – Tractor – Cow

Sneeze – Dig - OpenSneeze – Dig - Open

Some words can be presented Some words can be presented visually through the use of visually through the use of real objects, pictures, real objects, pictures, drawings or mime.drawings or mime.

Not all words can be Not all words can be presented this way. presented this way. Vocabulary should only be Vocabulary should only be presented visually if it can presented visually if it can be done quickly, easily and be done quickly, easily and clearly.clearly.

DiscussingDiscussingafter the word has been written .It after the word has been written .It

should be read aloud by the should be read aloud by the teacher and by the children.teacher and by the children.

Showing the Meaning of WordsShowing the Meaning of Words

II – Giving ExamplesII – Giving Examples

Which way is better?Which way is better?

BuildingBuildingIt is the general term It is the general term

applied to a fixed applied to a fixed structure in which structure in which people dwell, work, people dwell, work, etcetc..

BuildingBuildingHouses are buildings. Houses are buildings.

This school is also a This school is also a building. In big cities building. In big cities there are many there are many large buildings – large buildings – there are hotels, there are hotels, offices and offices and hospitals.hospitals.

Which way is better?Which way is better?

LazyLazyMy brother is lazyMy brother is lazy..

LazyLazyMy brother is lazy. My brother is lazy.

He gets up late, He gets up late, and then he does and then he does nothing all day. I nothing all day. I say to him, “Don’t say to him, “Don’t be so lazy! Do be so lazy! Do some work!”some work!”

It is not necessary to give It is not necessary to give complicated explanations; the complicated explanations; the meaning can be shown in simple meaning can be shown in simple sentences.sentences.

A good example should clearly A good example should clearly show the meaning of the word to show the meaning of the word to someone who does not know it someone who does not know it already.already.

Examples are specially useful to Examples are specially useful to show the meaning of abstract show the meaning of abstract words, e.g. love, happiness, words, e.g. love, happiness, impossible.impossible.

UsingUsing

they are asked to use the word in they are asked to use the word in a sentence.a sentence.

Showing the Meaning of WordsShowing the Meaning of Words

III – Guessing the Meaning III – Guessing the Meaning from Context from Context

Try to guess the meaning of the Try to guess the meaning of the underlined words. underlined words.

The children were The children were bleebingbleebing all over all over the ground.the ground.

A country girl was walking along the A country girl was walking along the snerdsnerd with a with a roggleroggle of milk over her of milk over her head.head.

It is possible to guess the meaning It is possible to guess the meaning of many unknown words from of many unknown words from their context.their context.

Asking the students to guess the Asking the students to guess the meaning of new words helps to meaning of new words helps to focus attention on them, and focus attention on them, and makes them want to know what makes them want to know what the words mean.the words mean.

DefiningDefining

It is a little bit hard for our students but they It is a little bit hard for our students but they may say the synonyms or the antonyms. may say the synonyms or the antonyms.

Methods of Teaching VocabularyMethods of Teaching Vocabulary

1- matching exercises1- matching exercisesDivide students into groups Divide students into groups

Give them a list of words and their definitions Give them a list of words and their definitions The students will discuss these words .They may The students will discuss these words .They may

use dictionaries .use dictionaries .

2- Rearranging letters to form words 2- Rearranging letters to form words

By using a list of pictures or By using a list of pictures or definitions definitions

E.g.. ( yipped ) a feeling of being E.g.. ( yipped ) a feeling of being sorry for someone.sorry for someone.

Sometimes you can use scrambled Sometimes you can use scrambled sentences.sentences.

Using known vocabularyUsing known vocabulary

Synonyms &antonymsSynonyms &antonyms The meaning of soccer is football.The meaning of soccer is football. The meaning of clever is smart.The meaning of clever is smart. The opposite of big is small and so The opposite of big is small and so

on.on.

Carrying out the role of the student Carrying out the role of the student teacher .teacher .

Ask students in advance to prepare Ask students in advance to prepare some items using illustrations to show some items using illustrations to show the meaning to their classmates and the meaning to their classmates and give them marks for their work. give them marks for their work.

Combining Different Combining Different TechniquesTechniques

Look – He is smiling. Look – He is smiling. Now look at me. Now look at me. I’m smiling. We I’m smiling. We smile when we are smile when we are happy. What does it happy. What does it mean?mean?

In the previous example, In the previous example, what are the different what are the different

techniques used to techniques used to explain the word explain the word

“smile”?“smile”?

Picture on board (interesting students Picture on board (interesting students remember it)remember it)

Facial expression (gives meaning clearly)Facial expression (gives meaning clearly) Examples (show how ‘smile’ is used as a Examples (show how ‘smile’ is used as a

verb)verb) Translation (to make sure everyone Translation (to make sure everyone

understands)understands)

Working with your group, decide Working with your group, decide exactly how you would present each of exactly how you would present each of the following words. If possible think the following words. If possible think

of a variety of techniques.of a variety of techniques.

laugh cheese cold walllaugh cheese cold wall

Using A New WordUsing A New Word

A teacher has just presented the word A teacher has just presented the word ‘mosque’. Now he is asking questions ‘mosque’. Now he is asking questions

using the new word. What is the purpose using the new word. What is the purpose of this?of this?

Does your father go to the Does your father go to the mosque?mosque?

When does he go there?When does he go there? What does he do there?What does he do there? Do you live near a mosque?Do you live near a mosque?

These questions help the teacher These questions help the teacher to be sure that students really to be sure that students really understand the word.understand the word.

They give the students more They give the students more examples of how the word is examples of how the word is used, in a way that involves the used, in a way that involves the class.class.

Note:Note:These questions should be These questions should be simplesimple

and require only and require only shortshort answers. answers.

Working with your group, try to think of Working with your group, try to think of two or three questions you could ask two or three questions you could ask

the class, using these words.the class, using these words.

lion holiday magazine sunnylion holiday magazine sunny

Vocabulary Vocabulary ExpansionExpansion

When students come When students come across a new word, they are across a new word, they are likely to be interested in likely to be interested in learning other related learning other related words, and this presents a words, and this presents a natural opportunity for natural opportunity for vocabulary development. vocabulary development. This is sometimes called This is sometimes called “vocabulary expansion”.“vocabulary expansion”.

Look at these sets of words. How are the words in Look at these sets of words. How are the words in each box related to “cook” ?each box related to “cook” ?

(A)(A)

CookCook

bake frybake fry

boil grill boil grill

(B)(B)

CookCook

stove stirstove stir

pot spoonpot spoon

The words in (A) The words in (A) are synonyms: are synonyms: they are words they are words of the same type of the same type and have the and have the same general same general meaning.meaning.

The words in (B) The words in (B) are related by are related by context: they might context: they might be all used when be all used when talking about talking about cooking although cooking although they are not they are not synonyms. synonyms.

Imagine you are teaching the words below. Imagine you are teaching the words below. Think of four or five other related words that Think of four or five other related words that

you could teach at the same time.you could teach at the same time.

living room desert doctor heavy writeliving room desert doctor heavy write

Vocabulary GamesVocabulary Games

STOP THE BUSSTOP THE BUS

 Animal

sColours Food Clothes

Countries

Sports

T TigerTurquoi

seTuna

Trousers

Tunisia Tennis

B            

O            

SNAKE - WORDSNAKE - WORD

D Data Amount Tomato On..

T S1 S2 S3 S4

Flash GamesFlash Games

Game 1 Game 2

Game 3

Game 4 Game 5

The EndThe EndThank You for Your ParticipationThank You for Your Participation

سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك , سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك , أشهد أن ال إله إال أنت , أشهد أن ال إله إال أنت ,

أستغفرك وأتوب إليكأستغفرك وأتوب إليك