Teaching Teaching and and

LearningLearning

Types of language drillsTypes of language drillsa.a. Substitution drillsSubstitution drillsi.i. Substitution of classroom objectsSubstitution of classroom objects

ii.ii. Substitution of figurines on Substitution of figurines on flannel board/ magnet boardflannel board/ magnet board

iii.iii. Substitution of matchstick Substitution of matchstick figuresfigures

iv.iv. Substitution with picturesSubstitution with picturesv.v. Substitution with pictures in Substitution with pictures in

advertisementsadvertisementsvi.vi. Substitution with pupils Substitution with pupils

b. Imperative drillsb. Imperative drills

i.i. Giving single ordersGiving single orders

ii.ii. Giving orders for a series of actionsGiving orders for a series of actions

c.c. Data drillsData drills

i. Using a histograms (to show modes of travels)i. Using a histograms (to show modes of travels)

ii.ii. Using a histograms (showing test results)Using a histograms (showing test results)

iii.iii. Using information wheel Using information wheel

iv.iv. Using road distance dataUsing road distance data

d. Action Drillsd. Action Drills

i. Describing actions in sequencei. Describing actions in sequence

ii.ii. Describing actionsDescribing actions

e. Verb series drillse. Verb series drills

i. Describing habitual actionsi. Describing habitual actions

ii. Describing actions in sequencesii. Describing actions in sequences

f. Transformation drillsf. Transformation drillsi. Using transformation drills with picture seriesi. Using transformation drills with picture seriesii. Using transformation drills with picture for ii. Using transformation drills with picture for

providing practice in reported speechproviding practice in reported speechiii. Using transformation drills in writing short dialogueiii. Using transformation drills in writing short dialogue

g.g. Expansion drillsExpansion drills

i. The correct positioning of modifiersi. The correct positioning of modifiers

h.h. Question and answer drills Question and answer drills

i.i. Filing Past drills Filing Past drills

Substitution of classroom objectsSubstitution of classroom objects Language Function: describing the position of objectsLanguage Function: describing the position of objects Language Item: Preposition in positive and negative Language Item: Preposition in positive and negative

sentences.sentences. Procedure : Procedure : 1. Teacher does and action and says-1. Teacher does and action and says- The book is on the table.The book is on the table. It is not on the chair.It is not on the chair. Pupils watch and listen.Pupils watch and listen. 2. Pupils repeat the sentences as teacher does the 2. Pupils repeat the sentences as teacher does the action.action. 3. Teacher substitutes the objects/ preposition/ 3. Teacher substitutes the objects/ preposition/

place.place. Teacher says the sentences and pupils repeatTeacher says the sentences and pupils repeat 4. Teacher does the action and get pupils to say 4. Teacher does the action and get pupils to say

the the sentences sentences

Substitution of figurines on flannel board/ magnet Substitution of figurines on flannel board/ magnet boardboard

Language function: Describing actionsLanguage function: Describing actions Language items: Present perfect tenseLanguage items: Present perfect tense Procedure: Procedure:

1. Pupils watch and listen as teacher places the 1. Pupils watch and listen as teacher places the figurines on the board and says appropriate figurines on the board and says appropriate sentencessentences

2. Pupils watch, listen and repeat in chorus and 2. Pupils watch, listen and repeat in chorus and groupsgroups

3. The teacher substitutes the figurines at three 3. The teacher substitutes the figurines at three points in the sentences ( Subject + Verb + Object) points in the sentences ( Subject + Verb + Object) silently and pupils say the sentences. ( Pupils take silently and pupils say the sentences. ( Pupils take teachers role) teachers role)

RasulRasul has just has just sweptswept the the kitchenkitchen..

boy broom stove

woman broom bed

Giving single ordersGiving single orders Language functions: Giving ordersLanguage functions: Giving orders Language items: Imperatives with preposition Language items: Imperatives with preposition

and objectand object Procedure:Procedure:

1. Pupils listen and carry out actions as described 1. Pupils listen and carry out actions as described in imperatives ( pick up../ hold up…/ put down in imperatives ( pick up../ hold up…/ put down …/ pin up…../ sit on ….)…/ pin up…../ sit on ….)

2. Practise in groups ( A gives order / B carries 2. Practise in groups ( A gives order / B carries out)out)

3. Individual pupils give order ( Class /Group/ 3. Individual pupils give order ( Class /Group/ pupil carry out the actions) pupil carry out the actions)

2. Teaching of language skills .2. Teaching of language skills .

Pupil centred listening activities.Pupil centred listening activities.i.i. Listening & SpeakingListening & Speaking - listen and ………………………………………………. - listen and ………………………………………………. ii. Readingii. Reading activities for teaching beginning reading activities for teaching beginning reading

skills…………skills………… how to make intensive reading lesson interesting…..how to make intensive reading lesson interesting…..iii. Writingiii. Writing how teacher can help pupils build confidence in how teacher can help pupils build confidence in

writingwriting activities for teaching writing skills….. activities for teaching writing skills….. iv. Vocabulary skillsiv. Vocabulary skillsv. Spelling skillsv. Spelling skillsvi. Dictation skills vi. Dictation skills vii. Developingvii. Developing Creativity Creativity and Thinking skills and Thinking skillsviii. Grammar viii. Grammar

- listen and- listen andRepeatRepeatDrawDrawSaySayDo / Carry outDo / Carry outPointPoint