Teaching a Practical Skill

See one ; do one ; teach one?

Fundamentals

Observation Feedback

Reflection

Teaching Clinical Skills

• Demonstrated in skills or simulation centre

• Practised in skills centre till confident

• Used on real patients!

Miller’s Triangle

Peyton’s 4 Stage Method

Step 1

• Demonstration at normal speed with little explanation– visualisation

Step 2

• Repetition of skill with full explanation, asking learner to ask and question steps– verbalisation

Peyton’s 4 Stage Method

Step 3

• Demonstrator performs skill as instructed by learner; questions and corrections– Practice and feedback

Step 4

• Learner carries out skill with explanation prior to each step– Repetition/embedding

Additional Steps

• Pre-step 1 - Conceptualisation– Understands importance and theory– Willing to learn

• Step 5 - Mastery and Autonomy– Competence– Automatic– Able to teach

Influence of Trainer on Performance

• Environment

• Interaction

• Challenges

Potential Problems

• Learner doesn’t have necessary skills X

• Poor demonstration X

• Not paying attention ?

• Affective factors– Fear/embarrassment ; lack of importance

• Imprinting of incorrect skills from previous learning

Questions?