Teachers and the Teaching Teachers and the Teaching ProfessionProfession

1.1. House keepingHouse keeping

2.2. Ethics and Case StudiesEthics and Case Studies

3.3. A Short History of BC EducationA Short History of BC Education

4.4. Provincial & School District Governance Provincial & School District Governance District Trustee & Administration RolesDistrict Trustee & Administration Roles

5.5. BC’s Education Plan BC’s Education Plan

Other sections to this course:Other sections to this course:

8:30 – 11:20 Tues Thurs Fri: (Greg Bunyan) -- 8:30 – 11:20 Tues Thurs Fri: (Greg Bunyan) -- David Turpin A144David Turpin A144

11:30-2:20 Tues Wed Fri: (Susan Reid) -- David 11:30-2:20 Tues Wed Fri: (Susan Reid) -- David Turpin A144Turpin A144

cardscards

Teachers and the Teaching Teachers and the Teaching ProfessionProfession

Ministry of Education Teacher Regulation Branch

BCTF

A Case Study:A Case Study:A young male beginning teacher was coaching A young male beginning teacher was coaching a junior hockey team after school on the school a junior hockey team after school on the school oval and at the end of one of the training oval and at the end of one of the training sessions it started to drizzle. In the gathering sessions it started to drizzle. In the gathering gloom and cold two of the team members who gloom and cold two of the team members who lived most distant from the school asked lived most distant from the school asked politely for a lift part of the way home. Public politely for a lift part of the way home. Public transport was not available and the teacher transport was not available and the teacher wanted to get away too. Rather than wait wanted to get away too. Rather than wait around or refuse them, the teacher gave them around or refuse them, the teacher gave them a lift. A cleaner saw the two students getting a lift. A cleaner saw the two students getting into the teacher's car. into the teacher's car.

Why might the teacher have made the decision to give Why might the teacher have made the decision to give the students a lift? the students a lift? Is there a conflict of duty involved? Is there a conflict of duty involved?

What are the possible ramifications of this course of What are the possible ramifications of this course of action by the teacher? action by the teacher?

Does this action constitute ethical conduct? Is gender an Does this action constitute ethical conduct? Is gender an issue affecting decisions in this situation? issue affecting decisions in this situation?

If you, as a colleague, had seen this occurring what If you, as a colleague, had seen this occurring what would your response have been? would your response have been? What principles What principles underpin your action or decision? underpin your action or decision?

Case StudiesCase Studies In your groups, examine the case studies:In your groups, examine the case studies:

What possible issues/concerns might this What possible issues/concerns might this scenario raise? scenario raise?

How could this situation become a violation of How could this situation become a violation of the law, the “Code” or other school/district the law, the “Code” or other school/district policies? policies?

In this situation, what are some potential In this situation, what are some potential negative consequences for the teacher, for negative consequences for the teacher, for students and the school community? students and the school community?

What responses/actions will result in a more What responses/actions will result in a more positive outcome and/or what proactive positive outcome and/or what proactive measures might be considered? measures might be considered?

Organization of Education Organization of Education in BCin BC

How are these people connected to Education in BC?How are these people connected to Education in BC?

Mike BernierMike Bernier

Jim IkerJim Iker

Dave ByngDave Byng

Fraser Ballantyne, Candace SpilsburyFraser Ballantyne, Candace Spilsbury, Victoria Martin, , Victoria Martin, Wendy Hobbs, Edith Loring-KuhangaWendy Hobbs, Edith Loring-Kuhanga

Sean Hayes, Patrick Henry, Tara EhrckeSean Hayes, Patrick Henry, Tara Ehrcke, , Shellie Trimble Shellie Trimble

Piet Langstraat, Jim Cambridge, Scott Robinson, Keven Piet Langstraat, Jim Cambridge, Scott Robinson, Keven Elder, Rod AllenElder, Rod Allen

Organization of Education Organization of Education in BCin BC

A short history of BC EdA short history of BC Ed1849 1849

A school is opened at Fort Victoria for children of A school is opened at Fort Victoria for children of Hudson's Bay Company officers (i.e. senior Hudson's Bay Company officers (i.e. senior managers). The school was known as the managers). The school was known as the "Company School," to distinguish it from the "Company School," to distinguish it from the "Colonial School" established three years later "Colonial School" established three years later for children of the servants (i.e. ordinary for children of the servants (i.e. ordinary employees) of the Hudson's Bay Company.employees) of the Hudson's Bay Company.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1851 Governor 1851 Governor James Douglas recommends recommends that schools be established for "the children that schools be established for "the children of the labouring and poorer classes" on the of the labouring and poorer classes" on the colony of Vancouver Island.colony of Vancouver Island.

1852 In March, a "common school" is 1852 In March, a "common school" is opened in temporary quarters in Fort opened in temporary quarters in Fort Victoria. This is the first government-funded Victoria. This is the first government-funded public school in what becomes British public school in what becomes British Columbia. Charles Bailey is the first teacher.Columbia. Charles Bailey is the first teacher.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1870 Rules and Regulations for the Management and Government of Common Schools are published in the are published in the Government GazetteGovernment Gazette for the benefit of parents, teachers and for the benefit of parents, teachers and school trustees. Appendices to the Rules school trustees. Appendices to the Rules and Regulations list prescribed textbooks and Regulations list prescribed textbooks and provide prayers to be used in religious and provide prayers to be used in religious services.services.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1872 In March the provincial legislature adopts 1872 In March the provincial legislature adopts the the Public School Act (1872). This statute creates a Public School Fund and a Provincial Board of Education.

1876 The 1876 The Public School Act, 1872Public School Act, 1872 is is subsequently amended to exclude all clergy subsequently amended to exclude all clergy from holding any position -- voluntary or from holding any position -- voluntary or otherwise -- in a provincial public school. The otherwise -- in a provincial public school. The amendment also restricts religious exercises in amendment also restricts religious exercises in schools to the public recitation of schools to the public recitation of The Lord's The Lord's PrayerPrayer and the and the Ten CommandmentsTen Commandments. .

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1879 1879 Public School ActPublic School Act, 1879. The position of , 1879. The position of Superintendent of Education is retained, but the Superintendent of Education is retained, but the Board of Education is abolished under the new act. is abolished under the new act. Control of the public school system is placed with Control of the public school system is placed with the Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council (i.e. the the Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council (i.e. the Cabinet).Cabinet).

1896 1896 In the interests of health and hygiene, Recess In the interests of health and hygiene, Recess - a ten or fifteen minute break from lessons in the - a ten or fifteen minute break from lessons in the morning and afternoon - becomes mandatory in all morning and afternoon - becomes mandatory in all public schools. Children were supposed to spend the public schools. Children were supposed to spend the time outdoors to permit the "atmospheric washing" time outdoors to permit the "atmospheric washing" [i.e. ventilation] of the classroom.[i.e. ventilation] of the classroom.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1901 The 1901 The Provincial Normal School for for teacher training is established in Vancouver.teacher training is established in Vancouver.

19051905 British Columbia School Trustees British Columbia School Trustees Association is instituteAssociation is institutedd

1915 1915 The first The first Parent-Teacher Association is is launched at Craigflower School near Victoria launched at Craigflower School near Victoria on 8 September 1915. In November, PTAs are on 8 September 1915. In November, PTAs are formed at Bayview Elementary School and at formed at Bayview Elementary School and at King Edward High School in Vancouver. King Edward High School in Vancouver.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1919 1919 British Columbia Teachers' Federation is incorporated under the Benevolent is incorporated under the Benevolent Societies Act. Societies Act.

1922 1922 Local PTAs form a provincial Local PTAs form a provincial association known as the association known as the British Columbia Parent-Teacher Federation [BCPTF]. .

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1938 New standardized 1938 New standardized report cards are are introduced during the 1938-39 school year introduced during the 1938-39 school year for provincial elementary schools, along for provincial elementary schools, along with explanatory letters for parents. with explanatory letters for parents.

The report cards and accompanying letters The report cards and accompanying letters are couched in the language of are couched in the language of progressivism. Revised report cards for . Revised report cards for junior and senior high schools are junior and senior high schools are introduced the following year.introduced the following year.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1943 Bible readings are authorized by the Council 1943 Bible readings are authorized by the Council of Public Instruction. In 1944, the of Public Instruction. In 1944, the Public School ActPublic School Act is duly amended to read: is duly amended to read: ““All public schools ... shall All public schools ... shall be opened by the reading, without explanation or be opened by the reading, without explanation or comment, of a passage of scripture....to be comment, of a passage of scripture....to be followed by the recitation of the Lordfollowed by the recitation of the Lord’’s Prayer.s Prayer.””

1944 1944 September: The first provincially-funded September: The first provincially-funded Kindergarten classes are opened, on an classes are opened, on an experimental basis, in Vancouver and Victoria, experimental basis, in Vancouver and Victoria, when the Department of Education agrees to when the Department of Education agrees to provide a grant towards the salary of kindergarten provide a grant towards the salary of kindergarten teachers. In Vancouver, the first kindergarten teachers. In Vancouver, the first kindergarten classes are opened at Henry Hudson and Dawson classes are opened at Henry Hudson and Dawson Schools; Victoria's first kindergarten is opened at Schools; Victoria's first kindergarten is opened at Spring Ridge School..

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1946 1946 Public School Amendment ActPublic School Amendment Act. This . This statute implements the recommendations of statute implements the recommendations of the Cameron Report and establishes large, the Cameron Report and establishes large, regionally-defined administrative units. The regionally-defined administrative units. The new units are styled new units are styled School Districts, but are , but are also assigned numbers. Hence S. D. [School also assigned numbers. Hence S. D. [School District] No. l (Fernie), S.D. No. 39 District] No. l (Fernie), S.D. No. 39 (Vancouver), S.D. No. 61 (Greater Victoria), (Vancouver), S.D. No. 61 (Greater Victoria), etc.etc.

Membership in the Membership in the B r i t ish Co lu m b ia Teach e r s’ Federation is compulsory for all public school is compulsory for all public school teachers, effective 1 April 1947.teachers, effective 1 April 1947.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1949 First steps, since the nineteenth century, 1949 First steps, since the nineteenth century, towards integrating and accommodating First Nations towards integrating and accommodating First Nations students in the provincial public school system. An students in the provincial public school system. An amendment to the amendment to the Public School ActPublic School Act enables local enables local Boards of School Trustees and the federal Department Boards of School Trustees and the federal Department of Indian Affairs to enter into agreements for sharing of Indian Affairs to enter into agreements for sharing the costs of schooling for aboriginal childrenthe costs of schooling for aboriginal children

1951 The first chills of the 1951 The first chills of the Cold War are evident in the are evident in the provincial education system. In September 1951, a provincial education system. In September 1951, a course of lectures on course of lectures on Civil Defence AffairsCivil Defence Affairs is organized is organized at the Provincial Normal School in Victoria. The next at the Provincial Normal School in Victoria. The next year, the Department of Education issues a poster on year, the Department of Education issues a poster on what to do "If An Air Raid Comes Without Warning." what to do "If An Air Raid Comes Without Warning." "Get Under Your Desk - Move Fast!." "Get Under Your Desk - Move Fast!."

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1954 September: British Columbia 1954 September: British Columbia experiences a critical experiences a critical shortage of teachersshortage of teachers. . To meet the need for more teachers, the To meet the need for more teachers, the Department of Education initiates a Department of Education initiates a recruiting campaign in Britain (which nets recruiting campaign in Britain (which nets 65 teachers for the start of the 1955 school 65 teachers for the start of the 1955 school year). Campaigns to recruit British teachers year). Campaigns to recruit British teachers will continue over the next decade.will continue over the next decade.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

191960 60 October: The report of the October: The report of the Royal Royal Commission on EducationCommission on Education [known as the Chant [known as the Chant Commission<] is presented to the government. Commission<] is presented to the government. In all, 158 recommendations were made. The In all, 158 recommendations were made. The report is released to the public in December report is released to the public in December and generates a great deal of discussion.and generates a great deal of discussion.

1961 1961 The The ball point penball point pen is officially recognized is officially recognized and authorized for use in provincial schools.  It and authorized for use in provincial schools.  It replaces old fashioned penholders, steel nibs, replaces old fashioned penholders, steel nibs, ink bottles and blotters.ink bottles and blotters.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1967 Open-area schools become 1967 Open-area schools become fashionable: MacCorkindale Elementary fashionable: MacCorkindale Elementary School in Vancouver is one of the first new School in Vancouver is one of the first new "open-area" schools in the province."open-area" schools in the province.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1971 The Department of Education is reorganized, 1971 The Department of Education is reorganized, effective 1 January 1971, with significant structural effective 1 January 1971, with significant structural changes. The position of Superintendent of Education is changes. The position of Superintendent of Education is eliminated, and the superintendent's statutory duties are eliminated, and the superintendent's statutory duties are transferred to the Deputy Minister of Education.transferred to the Deputy Minister of Education.French immersion programmes are established in select French immersion programmes are established in select elementary schools.elementary schools.

1973 15 February: corporal punishment ("the strap") is 1973 15 February: corporal punishment ("the strap") is abolished by an amendment to the abolished by an amendment to the Public School ActPublic School Act..June: departmental exams [i.e. province-wide Grade 12 June: departmental exams [i.e. province-wide Grade 12 graduation exams] are discontinued. The exams will be graduation exams] are discontinued. The exams will be reinstated in 1984.reinstated in 1984.

September: All school districts are required to make September: All school districts are required to make provisions for Kindergartens.provisions for Kindergartens.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1976 The 1976 The DepartmentDepartment of Education is restyled of Education is restyled MinistryMinistry of of EducationEducation

1977 A "core curriculum" is established for provincial 1977 A "core curriculum" is established for provincial schools, from K - 12. The curriculum consists of three schools, from K - 12. The curriculum consists of three categories - "that which must be taught, that which should categories - "that which must be taught, that which should be taught, and that which may be taught." [be taught, and that which may be taught." [106th Annual 106th Annual Report of the Public SchoolsReport of the Public Schools, p. 10]., p. 10].

1982 February: Premier William R. Bennett (leader of the 1982 February: Premier William R. Bennett (leader of the provincial Social Credit Party) announces a new programme provincial Social Credit Party) announces a new programme to curtail government spending.  The programme, known as to curtail government spending.  The programme, known as RestraintRestraint, provokes opposition and great hostility among , provokes opposition and great hostility among organized labour groups, including provincial employee organized labour groups, including provincial employee unions and the British Columbia Teachers' Federation.unions and the British Columbia Teachers' Federation.August: William ("Bill") van der Zalm is appointed Minister of August: William ("Bill") van der Zalm is appointed Minister of Education and is responsible for implementing Education and is responsible for implementing RestraintRestraint measures in the education sector.measures in the education sector.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1983 1983 School Wars!School Wars!, a term coined by journalists to describe , a term coined by journalists to describe unprecedented hostility between the provincial government and unprecedented hostility between the provincial government and public school workers.  Teachers and school support staff take part public school workers.  Teachers and school support staff take part in a 3 day strike to protest reductions in education funding.  The in a 3 day strike to protest reductions in education funding.  The protest is part of a wide organized labour opposition movement protest is part of a wide organized labour opposition movement known as known as Solidarity.Solidarity.

1987 1987 April 1 of that year, the government announced two major April 1 of that year, the government announced two major pieces of legislation—Bills 19 and 20. Bill 19 was a piece of pieces of legislation—Bills 19 and 20. Bill 19 was a piece of legislation that restricted existing rights for trade unions while at legislation that restricted existing rights for trade unions while at the same time including teachers as employees entitled to those the same time including teachers as employees entitled to those rights. Principals and vice-principals were removed from the rights. Principals and vice-principals were removed from the teacher bargaining unit with a clear teacher bargaining unit with a clear ““management rolemanagement role”” defined for defined for themthem

The British Columbia College of Teachers is created under the The British Columbia College of Teachers is created under the Teaching Profession Act to establish and promote Standards for Teaching Profession Act to establish and promote Standards for the education, competence and professional conduct of its the education, competence and professional conduct of its members. The College is a statutory body whose major function is members. The College is a statutory body whose major function is to regulate the education profession in the public interest.to regulate the education profession in the public interest.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1988 The Sullivan Royal Commission Report is 1988 The Sullivan Royal Commission Report is published.  The provincial government accepts published.  The provincial government accepts nearly all of its 83 recommendations, including a nearly all of its 83 recommendations, including a blueprint for an innovative curriculum program blueprint for an innovative curriculum program known as Year 2000.known as Year 2000.The British Columbia Principals' and Vice The British Columbia Principals' and Vice Principals' Association [BCPVPA] is formed. Principals' Association [BCPVPA] is formed. 

1989 Parent Advisory Councils are recognized at 1989 Parent Advisory Councils are recognized at every school, following recommendations from the every school, following recommendations from the Sullivan Royal Commission and changes to the Sullivan Royal Commission and changes to the Public School ActPublic School Act.  PACs take up some of the .  PACs take up some of the school-advocacy campaigns formerly conducted by school-advocacy campaigns formerly conducted by PTAs. In 1990, local PACs form the British Columbia PTAs. In 1990, local PACs form the British Columbia Confederation of Parent Advisory Councils.Confederation of Parent Advisory Councils.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

1991 1991 The The School Meals programSchool Meals program is introduced, to provide is introduced, to provide children in urban schools with nutritious lunch-time meals.children in urban schools with nutritious lunch-time meals.

1996 Bible Readings are no longer permitted in BC Schools1996 Bible Readings are no longer permitted in BC Schools

2001 2001 During the April 2001 provincial election campaign, During the April 2001 provincial election campaign, the BC Liberals indicated that they would bring in the BC Liberals indicated that they would bring in legislation designating education as an essential service. legislation designating education as an essential service. In August 2001, the BC Liberal government passed In August 2001, the BC Liberal government passed essential services legislation which substantially reduces essential services legislation which substantially reduces teachers' full and free collective bargaining rights, teachers' full and free collective bargaining rights, including the right to strike.including the right to strike.

In October, 2001, the BCTF held the first-ever province-In October, 2001, the BCTF held the first-ever province-wide strike vote and a total of 91.4% of British Columbia wide strike vote and a total of 91.4% of British Columbia teachers voted "yes".teachers voted "yes".

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

On January 25, 2002, " the minister of labour On January 25, 2002, " the minister of labour introduced Bills 27 and 28, designed to impose introduced Bills 27 and 28, designed to impose terms and conditions of employment on terms and conditions of employment on teachers and strip all class-size, staffing, and teachers and strip all class-size, staffing, and workload provisions from the provincial and workload provisions from the provincial and local agreements. Most of the provisions local agreements. Most of the provisions guaranteeing support for students with special guaranteeing support for students with special needs were also eliminated.needs were also eliminated.

October 3, 2005, the BC Liberals introduced Bill October 3, 2005, the BC Liberals introduced Bill 12, the Teachers12, the Teachers’’ Collective Agreement Act, Collective Agreement Act, which imposed a contract on BCwhich imposed a contract on BC’’s teachers and s teachers and ordered an end to job action. It mandated zero-ordered an end to job action. It mandated zero-zero-zero, and extended the existing contract to zero-zero, and extended the existing contract to June 2006.June 2006.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

On October 5th, teachers throughout the province On October 5th, teachers throughout the province voted 90.5% to take a stand in protest against Bill voted 90.5% to take a stand in protest against Bill 12, and were on strike from October 7th to 21st. The 12, and were on strike from October 7th to 21st. The BCTF was found to be in contempt of court for BCTF was found to be in contempt of court for defying the Labour Relations Board order to return to defying the Labour Relations Board order to return to work, and the Federationwork, and the Federation’’s strike fund was frozen. s strike fund was frozen. Teachers did not receive strike pay.Teachers did not receive strike pay.

During the second week of the strike, the During the second week of the strike, the government asked mediator Vince Ready to facilitate government asked mediator Vince Ready to facilitate an end to the teachersan end to the teachers’’ strike and he developed strike and he developed recommendations which were presented to the BCTF recommendations which were presented to the BCTF and government. The BCTF reluctantly recommended and government. The BCTF reluctantly recommended the Ready report to its members. Teachers voted 77% the Ready report to its members. Teachers voted 77% to accept the recommendations and they returned to to accept the recommendations and they returned to work on October 24, 2005. work on October 24, 2005. 

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

An agreement-in-committee was concluded with BCPSEA An agreement-in-committee was concluded with BCPSEA at 9:30 p.m.on June 30, 2006, and details are highlighted at 9:30 p.m.on June 30, 2006, and details are highlighted in the settlement summary. Members ratified the five-year in the settlement summary. Members ratified the five-year agreement on September 8, 2006. The settlement agreement on September 8, 2006. The settlement included a 16% salary increase over five years, and a included a 16% salary increase over five years, and a $4,000 signing bonus for each individual teacher.$4,000 signing bonus for each individual teacher.

Spring 2011 Court rules against BC Government onSpring 2011 Court rules against BC Government onBill 27, Bill 27, the Education Services Collective Agreement Act, and Bill the Education Services Collective Agreement Act, and Bill 28, the Public Education Flexibility and Choice Act.28, the Public Education Flexibility and Choice Act.

June 2011 Current contract expires without new June 2011 Current contract expires without new agreement. agreement.

A short history of BC A short history of BC EdEd

October 2011 October 2011 The British Columbia teachersThe British Columbia teachers’’ union union pulled out of settlement talks with the provincial pulled out of settlement talks with the provincial government government

2012: Three-day strike after several months of low-scale job action. Government legislates a cooling off period, then BCTF and BCPSEA negotiate a retroactive deal covering 2011 to June 2013. No salary increase, but other increased leave provisions. Teachers say they fought back a government attempt to eliminate seniority rights.

Spring 2014: rotating strikes begin May 2014 and Spring 2014: rotating strikes begin May 2014 and escalate to full scale strike in June. The strike lasts until escalate to full scale strike in June. The strike lasts until mid-September 2014. A 6 year contract is negotiated.mid-September 2014. A 6 year contract is negotiated.

April 2015: In a 4-1 decision, the B.C. Court of Appeal April 2015: In a 4-1 decision, the B.C. Court of Appeal ruled that the province did not violate teachers' ruled that the province did not violate teachers' constitutional rights when it introduced Bill 22 in constitutional rights when it introduced Bill 22 in 2012 — legislation that temporarily limited 2012 — legislation that temporarily limited teacher bargaining on class size and compositionteacher bargaining on class size and composition

Summer 2015 – new draft curriculum introducedSummer 2015 – new draft curriculum introduced

Organization of Education Organization of Education in BCin BC

Organization of Education Organization of Education in BCin BC

Role of School Boards in BC Role of School Boards in BC 7 or 9 trustees 3 year terms7 or 9 trustees 3 year terms

1.1. Local policy (school operation & student Local policy (school operation & student conduct)conduct)

2.2. Employment of StaffEmployment of Staff3.3. Operating BudgetOperating Budget4.4. Hearing appeals from parents/studentsHearing appeals from parents/students5.5. Local coursesLocal courses6.6. School plans and student achievement contractsSchool plans and student achievement contracts7.7. School Property/school closureSchool Property/school closure8.8. Annual District Literacy PlanAnnual District Literacy Plan9.9. Early Learning ProgramsEarly Learning Programs

Want to be an Want to be an Administrator?Administrator?

• Principal Responsibilities• Principal Standards• Administrator7 Tops Things Teachers Want From

Their Principals• Principal duties Human Resources Canada• Roles & Responsibilities of Teacher & Teaching

Assistants• School Roles and Responsibilities

Typical School District Typical School District StructureStructureBoard of School

Trustees