TE WHAU SHARED PATH ACOUSTIC ASSESSMENT... · LUC60307203) and Rizal Reserve (application no....

TE WHAU SHARED PATH ACOUSTIC ASSESSMENT Rp 001 20171079 | 20 March 2019

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Project: TE WHAU SHARED PATH

Prepared for: Auckland Council c/ - Beca Limited PO Box 6345 Wellesley Street Auckland 1140

Attention: Jaiman Patel

Report No.: Rp 001 20171079

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Document Control

Status: Rev: Comments Date: Author: Reviewer:

Draft - - 28/08/2018 Shaun King Steve Peakall

Draft 1 Updated to include Rizal Reserve

30/11/2018 Shaun King

Approved 2 Issued for Resource Consent

20/03/2019 Shaun King Steve Peakall

Cover Photo: 2013


This document may not be reproduced in full or in part without the written consent of Marshall Day Acoustics Limited

Appendix M - Acoustic Assessment - TWPP.docx 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 4

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 4

3.0 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS ..................................................................................................................... 6

3.1 Operational Noise ....................................................................................................................................... 6

3.2 Construction Noise ..................................................................................................................................... 6

3.3 Construction Vibration ............................................................................................................................... 7

3.4 Underwater Construction Noise ................................................................................................................ 7

3.4.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................................. 7

3.4.2 Species of Interest ................................................................................................................................... 8

4.0 EXISTING ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................................................................... 9

5.0 OPERATION ............................................................................................................................................... 10

6.0 CONSTRUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 11

6.1 Construction Noise ................................................................................................................................... 11

6.2 Construction Vibration ............................................................................................................................. 12

6.3 Discussion .................................................................................................................................................. 12

6.3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 12

6.3.2 AUP Objectives and Policies ................................................................................................................. 12

6.3.3 At Grade Path ........................................................................................................................................ 13

6.3.4 Boardwalk .............................................................................................................................................. 13

7.0 UNDERWATER CONSTRUCTION NOISE .................................................................................................. 15

7.1 Predicted Piling Noise Levels ................................................................................................................... 15

7.2 Management Procedures ........................................................................................................................ 15

8.0 CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................................. 16

APPENDIX A GLOSSARY OF TERMINOLOGY

APPENDIX B EXTENT OF SHARED PATH AND ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE SURVEY LOCATIONS

APPENDIX C ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE SURVEY LOCATIONS

APPENDIX D CRITERIA FOR MARINE MAMMALS

APPENDIX E PILING SOURCE LEVELS

APPENDIX F CONSTRUCTION EXCEEDANCES




1.0 INTRODUCTION

Auckland Council (AC) has engaged Marshall Day Acoustics (MDA) to undertake an environmental acoustic assessment of the proposed Te Whau Shared Path. This report assesses the operational noise, underwater noise and construction noise and vibration generated by the proposed shared path.

A glossary of acoustic terminology has been included in Appendix A.

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Te Whau Pathway is a shared path that will link the Waitemata and Manukau Harbours. The principle main alignment is approximately 11.8km with 3.2 km of connecting paths, a total length of 15km. The path will largely follow the western side of the Whau River and will be designed to accommodate pedestrians and cyclists.

Te Whau Pathway will provide a high-quality shared path that is safe and almost entirely

segregated from vehicular traffic. It will also provide connections to the wider cycle network including the New Lynn/ Avondale rail link and the North Western motorway cycle path.

The project started as the Whau West Greenway in 2011/12 a concept put forward by Whau River Catchment Trust and the Greenways Project Inc. It was presented and approved in principle by the Whau Local Board. A similar concept was promoted in 2013 through a HOOP-LA research project called Muddy Urbanism. The river edge pathway idea started to gain traction and in 2014 the Whau Coastal Walkway Environmental Trust was established by a group of locals keen to bring the vision into being.

Te Whau Pathway Project is a collaborative partnership project between the Whau Coastal Walkway Environmental Trust, Auckland Council, Auckland Transport, the Whau and Henderson-Massey Local Boards, Te Kawerau a Maki and Ngati Whatua Orakei.

The Whau catchment is a mixture of residential, commercial and industrial development, historically the Whau river has a long history of human transportation. Maori for centuries used the Whau as an important route for transporting waka between the two coasts of Te Ika a Maui. For Tangata Whenua, the water has significant spiritual values especially revealed in its alternative Maori name Waitahurangi (“Waters of Tahurangi”). Through the TWP Project and subsequent development of the pathway, there will be opportunity to share both the local and cultural stories of the Whau river and surrounding catchment through education and interpretative signage.

The construction of the pathway will deliver 3m wide concrete paths on land and 4m wide boardwalks through the coastal marine area. The overall pathway will connect 33 reserves, esplanade reserves, sports parks and roads. The pathway will also connect the various communities of Green Bay, New Lynn, Avondale, Kelston, Glendene and Te Atatu as well as a number of schools.

At the beginning of 2017, Auckland Transport sought public feedback on the scheme plan and preliminary design for the Te Whau Pathway Route. In June 2017, the scheme plan and preliminary design was completed.

The pathway is being built in stages. Construction for the earlier stages began in 2015. Between 2015 and 2016 pathways were completed at Archibald, Ken Maunder, Olympic Park, McLeod park. Roberts Field and Tiroroa Reserve were completed in 2018. To date, 3.9km of pathway has been constructed. Just under 700m of pathway at Rizal/Sandy Lane is currently in detail design phase to be delivered in FY19/20 and is not included in this resource consent application. This Resource Consent application applies to the remaining approximately 10.4km of path, comprising approximately 7.1km of proposed boardwalk and 3.3km of proposed footpath.

During 2017, a concept design for the remainder of the pathway was undertaken. The dates below outline the series of events:




◼ March / April 2017 – Public feedback on the scheme plan and preliminary design;

◼ June 2017 – Scheme plan and preliminary design complete;

◼ 2017 / 2018 – Completed construction of paths in Roberts Field, Tiroroa Reserve;

◼ 2017 / 2018 – Planned construction of paths in Queen Mary Reserve (application no.

LUC60307203) and Rizal Reserve (application no. LUC60307205);

◼ 2018 / 2019 – Current resource consent application prepared and applied for the remaining

sections for Te Whau Pathway (including coastal marine area boardwalk).

On completion the pathway will feature strategically placed seating, viewing and rest areas and art work.

Weed control and community plantings of native plant species will also be delivered through the project.

The development of the pathway will be a significant link in Auckland’s network of cycling and walking routes and will aim to improve community connection to and appreciation of the Whau River.

Construction activities will be programmed to occur on Monday to Saturday between 7:30am to 6:00pm. A drawing showing the extent of the shared path is included in Appendix B.




3.0 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

3.1 Operational Noise

There are no operational noise rules for cyclists and pedestrians within the Road Corridor or the Strategic Transport Corridor Zone. It is appropriate, therefore, that no operational criteria be applied to noise from the shared path regardless of zoning. However, for completeness, reference to the Unitary Plan residential noise rules is made.

3.2 Construction Noise

Rule E25.6.27 of the AUP applies to construction noise received in all zones except the City Centre Zone and the Business – Metropolitan Centre Zone. Rule E25.6.29 applies to construction activities within the road reserve.

Rule E25.6.27 also states that for a project with a total construction duration of less than 15 calendar days the noise limits may be increased by 5 decibels. For projects with a construction duration greater than 20 weeks the noise limits may be decreased by 5 decibels.

While the total project construction duration is greater than 20 weeks, construction activities would not occur for more than 20 weeks near any one receiver. Therefore, the standard noise limits have been applied to this project.

The relevant construction noise limits for the proposed hours of construction are provided in Table 1. The AUP states that construction noise should be measured and assessed in accordance with New Zealand Standard NZS 6803: 1999 “Acoustics - Construction Noise”. We note that the Unitary Plan noise rules are generally consistent with the noise criteria contained in NZS 6803.

Table 1: Auckland Unitary Plan Construction Noise Rules (Typical duration)

Receiver Period Noise Level (dB)

LAeq LAFmax

Activities sensitive to noise Monday to Saturday 7:30am – 6:00pm

75 95

Monday to Friday 6:00pm – 8:00pm

70 90

Saturday 6:00pm – 8:00pm

45 75

Other activities Monday to Sunday 7:30am – 6:00pm

75 -

Monday to Sunday 6:00pm – 7:30am

80 -

The AUP defines ‘activities sensitive to noise’ as ‘any dwelling, visitor accommodation, boarding house, marae, Papakainga, integrated residential development, retirement village, supported residential care, care centres, lecture theatres in tertiary education facilities, classrooms in education facilities and healthcare facilities with an overnight stay facility’.




3.3 Construction Vibration

Rule E25.6.30 of the AUP applies to vibration generated by construction activities. The rule contains two sets of rules, one to control cosmetic building damage and the other to protect amenity within occupied buildings. The vibration limits within these rules have been summarised below in Table 2 and Table 3.

Table 2: DIN – 4150 Cosmetic Building Damage Vibration Limits

Type of structure Short-term vibration Long-term vibration

PPV at the foundation at a frequency of (mm/s)

PPV at horizontal plane of highest

floor (mm/s)

PPV at horizontal plane of highest

floor (mm/s) 1 - 10Hz 1 - 50 Hz 50 - 100

Hz

Commercial/Industrial 20 20 – 40 40 – 50 40 10

Dwellings 5 5 – 15 15 – 20 15 5

Historic or sensitive 3 3 – 8 8 – 10 8 2.5

Table 3: Occupied Building Amenity Vibration Limits

Receiver Period Peak Particle Velocity Limit (mm/s)

Occupied activity sensitive to noise

Night-time 10pm to 7am 0.3 mm/s

Daytime 7am to 10pm 2 mm/s

Other occupied buildings At all times 2 mm/s

3.4 Underwater Construction Noise

3.4.1 Overview

Section F2.18 of the AUP includes objectives and policies relating to the management of the adverse effects of underwater noise on marine mammals. Table F2.19.8 (A114) classifies “underwater blasting, impact and vibratory piling, and marine seismic surveys” as restricted discretionary activities. Therefore, an assessment oaup

f underwater noise effects is required for this project due to the use of impact piling.

The rule specifically excludes underwater noise generated by “the operational requirements of vessels (including cargo vessels, tugs, passenger liners, naval vessels and commercial fishing vessels), use of sonar, and temporary activities other than construction”.

Although there are no underwater noise standards, F2.23.1.3(c) identifies specific matters for discretion and F2.23.2.7 includes various matters for assessment as follows:

• The health and well-being of marine fauna (including threatened and at-risk species) and people from the noise associated with the proposal

• The practicability of being able to control the noise effects

• The social and economic benefits to the community of the proposal

• The extent to which the adverse effects of the noise will be mitigated




There is no New Zealand guidance on underwater noise effects. However, the US Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has provided guidance for assessing the effects of anthropogenic (human-made) sound on marine mammals1 (referred to as the ‘NOAA Guidelines’). This US statute does not apply in New Zealand, but the NOAA Guidelines are provided to give context to the underwater noise assessment. They have also been successfully used for other projects in New Zealand.

3.4.2 Species of Interest

It is understood that marine mammals rarely enter the estuary. Based on consultation with the project’s marine ecologist2, there would be no long-term habitation/occupation of marine animals in the estuary and it is not known to contain any important food sources that are not available elsewhere in other parts of the Waitemata Harbour. Any marine mammals sighted in the area would likely be entering out of curiosity or for opportunistic grazing (i.e. short-term occupants).

MDA is aware of two sightings of marine mammals in the project vicinity: a large pod of dolphins was observed in the Whau River on one occasion (assumed to be common or bottlenose dolphin), and there has also been an anecdotal comment about the presence of a fur seal in the area. The species of interest are therefore:

• Mid-frequency cetaceans (common or bottlenose dolphin)

• Otariid pinnipeds (fur seals)

Appendix D contains the relevant underwater noise criteria for these species based on the NOAA Guidelines.

Underwater noise effects on divers has not been considered as it is highly unlikely that divers would be present in the area during construction given the environment and water depth.

1 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: ‘Technical Guidance for Assessing the Effects on Anthropogenic Sound on Marine Mammal Hearing’ (July 2016)

2 Email from Tim Haggitt from eCoast, 22 April 2018




4.0 EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

Noise surveys of the existing noise environment along the proposed shared path route were undertaken. The locations of the survey were generally selected where the existing noise environment was estimated to be the lowest and therefore has the greatest chance of increased noise effects.

A summary of the existing noise environment measurements is provided in Table 5 below.

The surveys were undertaken on two separate dates. The initial surveys for the Scheme Assessment were undertaken between 2 and 3 February 2017 between the hours of 11am and 4:30pm. Further surveys were carried out on 8 December 2017 between the hours of 11am and 4pm.

All measurements done for the scheme assessment were dominated by cicadas, as they were undertaken during the time of year when cicadas sing. The noise levels for these measurements in the table below have been adjusted to remove cicada noise as these are a seasonal noise source which is not present at other times of the year. The cicadas contributed up to 28 dB to the measured sound level. The measurements undertaken in December generally did not capture cicada song.

Table 4: Summary of Environmental Noise Level Measurements

Measurement Position and Location

Date / Time Measured Noise Levels (dB) Noise Sources and Comments (dominant in bold) LAeq LA90 LAmax

1 Covil Park 02/03/2017 13:00

421 41 – 372 65 Cicadas, distant school children, distant traffic

2 Roberts Road 02/03/2017 13:30

431 41 – 362 74 Cicadas, rustling trees

3 McLeod Park 08/12/2017 12:00

51 47 68 Birds, industrial workshop, traffic

4 Laurieston Park 02/03/2017 14:10

451 44 – 362 65 Cicadas, distant metal grinding

5 Cobham Reserve 02/03/2017 14:50

441 42 – 352 64 Cicadas, industrial workshop

6 Archibald Park 08/12/2017 12:40

44 41 54 Birds, insects, distant industrial workshop

7 Archibald Park 02/03/2017 15:20

431 41 – 342 64 Cicadas, ducks, rustling trees

8 Lynwood Road 02/03/2017 16:05

421 36 – 342 54 Cicadas, birds, rustling trees, traffic

9 Ken Maunder Park 08/12/2017 13:00

50 45 73 Trees rustling, traffic, distant motorboat

10 Rizal Reserve 03/03/2017 11:20

471 46 – 402 63 Cicadas, distant industrial workshop

11 Olympic Park 08/12/2017 14:30

47 43 65 Birds, distant industrial workshop, trees rustling

12 Shadbolt Park 08/12/2017 14:55

58 52 67 Traffic, birds, rustling trees

13 Motu Moana Campsite

08/12/2017 15:30

451 40 – 362 62 Traffic, birds, construction site




1 Adjusted to remove cicada noise 2 Adjusted to remove cicada noise, this adjustment generated a higher uncertainty therefore a range has been provided

Drawings showing the locations of the noise surveys are included in Appendix C.

The existing noise environment between SH 16 and Great North Road is considered relatively quiet for a built up urban area. This noise environment was captured by the measurements undertaken in February, and in general is composed of a mix of natural noise sources (birds, trees etc), distant traffic and industrial/commercial activities.

The section of the path that follows Portage Road southwards is generally located in the road reserve, and as such has higher environmental noise levels primarily due to traffic noise along Portage Road.

5.0 OPERATION

Operational noise from the shared path would be typically generated by people talking. The boardwalk sections are proposed to be a continuous deck with a friction surface treatment, which would generate a similar noise to concrete with cycles riding on the surface.

It is understood that the path is estimated to carry up to 1500 people per day. A desktop assessment has shown that if a quarter these users passed through in one hour, the noise level generated would range between 35 and 40 dB LAeq(1h) at 5m from the path. This noise level is readily compliant with both the daytime and night-time District Plan noise limits in residential areas.

The ambient noise environment near the shared path is unlikely to increase due to operational noise from the shared path. Further to this, the noise generated by users of the shared path is considered to have a character typical of residential areas (e.g. noise from people cycling and walking).

Overall the change in environmental noise level due to the operation of the shared path is considered negligible and therefore in our opinion the operational noise levels would be reasonable.




6.0 CONSTRUCTION

The construction methodology for the raised boardwalk and the at grade sections of the path would differ. This assessment is based on the shared path being located closest to the nearest receivers within the proposed envelope. In general, the following high-level construction methodologies would be undertaken for each section of the shared path:

Raised Boardwalk

• Construction of abutments

• Pile wooden boardwalk supports (bored or impact)

• Construction of raised boardwalk

At Grade

• Cut and fill to create path profile

• Construction of concrete pathway

6.1 Construction Noise

Table 5 and Table 6 present indicative noise levels for the identified high noise equipment for the raised boardwalk and at grade sections of the path. The tables also present the indicative setback distances for achieving the construction noise limits.

Table 5: Raised boardwalk indicative construction noise levels at 1m from a building façade

Equipment Sound Power Façade Noise Level (dB LAeq) Limit Setback (m)

(dB LWA) 5m 10m 20m 50m 75 dB LAeq

Excavator (9T) 103 84 78 72 63 14

Impact Piling Excavator (9T) 114 95 89 83 74 44

Bored Piling 103 84 78 72 63 14

Truck idling 91 72 66 60 51 4

Concrete truck and pump 103 84 78 72 63 14

Table 6: At grade indicative construction noise levels at 1m from a building façade

Equipment

Sound Power Façade Noise Level (dB LAeq) Limit Setback (m)


Excavator (20T) 103 84 78 72 63 14

Excavator (5T) 102 83 77 71 62 13

Truck idling 91 72 66 60 51 4

Plate compactor 108 89 83 77 68 25


For the worst-case path location, it is predicted that construction noise would exceed the daytime noise limit at 135 buildings along the route. A table identifying these buildings is provided in Appendix F which also includes the predicted worst-case noise level at each building.




6.2 Construction Vibration

In general, the proposed construction methodology would generate low vibration levels and the risk of exceeding the relevant limits is considered low. The construction equipment with the highest risk of exceeding the amenity limits are plate compactors and impact piling.

Table 7: Indicative distances to comply with vibration limits at building foundations

Equipment Amenity Setback (m) 3 Cosmetic Building Damage Setback (m) 3

AUP 2 mm/s PPV

Residential 5 mm/s PPV

Commercial 10 mm/s PPV

Impact Piling 20 10 4

Bored Piling 3 1 1

Plate Compaction 8 5 3

For the worst-case path location, it is predicted that the AUP amenity vibration limit would be exceeded at 22 buildings and the cosmetic building damage limit would be exceeded at 10 buildings. A table identifying these buildings is provided in Appendix F.

6.3 Discussion

6.3.1 General

Where practicable and effective it is recommended that temporary noise barriers be utilised to mitigate construction noise. An effective noise barrier would provide up to 10 decibels of construction noise mitigation. It is noted that temporary noise barriers might not be practicable or effective in certain locations.

The exact location of the shared path is unknown, and this assessment has been based on a proposed envelope. It is recommended that the path be constructed as far from the dwellings as possible to reduce construction noise and vibration levels.

It is recommended that construction noise and vibration effects be managed through a Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan (CNVMP). The CNVMP should be implemented throughout the construction period of the project. A draft CNVMP has been appended to this report.

Communication with affected parties will be critical to successfully managing and mitigating adverse noise and vibration effects. It is recommended that written communication (e.g. newsletter) be provided to occupiers of buildings within 50 m of the extent of works at least 2 weeks prior to construction commencing in that area. The communication should acknowledge that some activities are predicted to generate high noise levels that may result in disturbance for short periods. It should include details of the overall works, its timing, duration and contact details where complaints and enquiries should be directed.

6.3.2 AUP Objectives and Policies

While construction noise is usually undesirable, it is temporary and not necessarily unreasonable when all the relevant factors are taken into consideration. The foreword of New Zealand Standard NZS 6803:1999 “Acoustics – Construction Noise” states:

“Construction noise is an inherent part of the progress of society. As noise from construction is generally of limited duration, people and communities will usually tolerate a higher noise level provided it is no louder than necessary, and occurs with

3 Based on regression analysis of available vibration measurements, plus a 100% safety factor




appropriate hours of the day. The Resource Management Act 1991 requires the adoption of the best practicable option to ensure the emission of noise from premises does not exceed a reasonable level. The Act also imposes a duty on every person to avoid, remedy, or mitigate any adverse effect on the environment arising from an activity carried on by, or on behalf of, that person.”

AUP objectives E25.2 (1) requires that:

“People are protected from unreasonable levels of noise and vibration”

While E25.2 (4) states:

“Construction activities that cannot meet noise and vibration standards are enabled while controlling duration, frequency and timing to manage adverse effects”

This acknowledges that there are often periods or activities where the construction noise standards cannot be met. The objective is to enable them provided they are no louder than necessary. It is considered that the construction noise levels for this project would be reasonable with the application of the BPO measures in a suitable CNMP.

AUP policies E25.3 (2) requires:

“Minimise, where practicable, noise and vibration at its source or on the site from which it is generated to mitigate adverse effects on adjacent sites”

While E25.3 (10) states:

“Avoid, remedy or mitigate the adverse effects of noise and vibration from construction, maintenance and demolition activities while having regard to:

a) the sensitivity of the receiving environment; and

b) the proposed duration and hours of operation of the activity; and

c) the practicability of complying with permitted noise and vibration standards.”

This acknowledges the practicability of compliance. It is considered that a CNVMP would address all three elements above.

6.3.3 At Grade Path

Due to the proximity of the path to existing buildings, construction noise levels are predicted to be up to 95 dB LAeq at the worst effected properties. With effective shielding from temporary noise barriers this would reduce by 10 decibels. Due to the linear nature of the project, the construction noise exceedances at any one building would be short (less than 1 week).

Plate compaction is predicted to generate the highest levels of noise and vibration, but it is noted that this activity is generally very short (less than 1 day) in duration and a combination of temporary noise barriers and communication with affected parties is considered acceptable to mitigate construction noise effects. Where plate compactors are predicted to exceed the cosmetic building damage criteria it is recommended than alternative compaction methods be used.

If construction is well managed in accordance with the draft CNVMP and considering the short duration of exceedances at any one property, the construction noise and vibration effects are considered acceptable.

6.3.4 Boardwalk

Due to the proximity of the boardwalk to existing buildings, construction noise levels are predicted to be up to 100 dB LAeq during piling at the worst effected properties. At a typical residential dwelling, noise levels above 85 dB LAeq, even for a short period, are likely to cause significant disturbance to occupants.




Alternative piling methods such as bored piling are quieter, but it is understood that impact piling is the preferred method for constructability and environmental reasons. Impact piling is also difficult to screen using noise barriers due to the noise source being at the top of the pile. This means that the noise source can be up to 6m above ground at the start of piling, which is impractical to effectively screen.

It is recommended that bored piling be adopted where considered practical as this provides a significant reduction in noise and vibration. Where bored piling cannot be adopted, it is recommended that occupied residential buildings that receive noise levels greater than 85 dB LAeq (1-2 days maximum) at the façade be offered temporary re-location during construction hours. Occupied commercial buildings that receive noise levels greater than 85 dB LAeq should be assessed on a case by case basis, based on their sensitivity and façade construction, the provisions to do so are contained in the CNVMP.

It is noted that the duration of construction noise exceedances at any one building will be approximately 1-2 weeks due to the linear nature of the construction site. It is also noted that piling would not be continuous as there would be periods of setup between each pile being driven and this would provide respite periods with significantly lower noise levels (10 decibels or more).

For the three buildings which are predicted to receive vibration in excess of the cosmetic vibration limit due to piling, it is recommended that bored piling be adopted for those piles. Where piling is predicted to exceed the amenity vibration limit, communication with affected parties will be critical to managing construction vibration impact.

The construction noise and vibration effects are considered acceptable, if impact piling is only adopted where considered absolutely necessary for constructability and environmental reasons, construction is well managed in accordance with the draft CNVMP and taking into account the short duration of any exceedances.




7.0 UNDERWATER CONSTRUCTION NOISE

At this stage of the project, the piling methodology has not been finalised. However, it is understood that the following indicative details would be likely:

• 300 – 500 mm concrete filled steel tube piles

• 80 – 120 strikes per pile

• 4 – 6 piles per day

• A timber cap would sit between the pile and drop hammer to reduce noise levels and to protect the equipment

7.1 Predicted Piling Noise Levels

The predicted zones of influence for impact piling are presented in Table 8. The zones of influence have been provided as distances from the pile being installed. The zones have been predicted based on the criteria provided in the NOAA guidelines (refer Appendix D). Underwater piling source noise levels are given in Appendix E.

Due to the shallow environment and lack of detailed bathymetry, a 15log distance attenuation approximation has been used to calculate the zones of influence.

Table 8: Impact piling zones of influence

Pile size Threshold Zones of Influence

MF Cetaceans Otariid Pinnipeds

300mm Peak (single strike) Below Criteria Below Criteria

Cumulative Exposure <10m <10m

Behavioural Response 30m


Cumulative Exposure 25m 10m


In summary, the temporary threshold shift (TTS) zones are negligible and behavioural response is only predicted to extend 140m from the largest pile. The potential effects to marine mammals within these zones are described in Appendix D.

7.2 Management Procedures

It is recommended that the following management procedures are adopted, where practicable, during the piling activity to manage noise effects to marine mammals:

• Use ‘soft starts’ (gradually increasing the intensity of impact piling) and minimise duty cycle

• Undertake visual monitoring during piling operations to identify any marine mammals in the area

• Do not start piling if a marine mammal is identified within the predicted behavioural response zones in Table 8

• Implement low power or shut down procedures when a marine mammal is identified within the behavioural response zones in Table 8

It is considered that these management measures would be appropriate and sufficient for this project given the discussion in Section 3.4.2. It is recommended that these management procedures be incorporated into the CNVMP.




8.0 CONCLUSION

An assessment of operational noise, underwater noise and construction noise and vibration has been undertaken for the Te Whau Shared Pathway.

No operational noise standards apply to shared paths under the Auckland Unitary Plan. Nonetheless, it has been concluded that the operational noise effects would be reasonable.

Construction activities are predicted to exceed the noise and vibration amenity limits for short periods at immediately adjacent receives, but the with the application of a suitable CNVMP, the effects are considered reasonable.

The cosmetic building damage limits are predicted to be exceeded at seven buildings and it has been recommended that low vibration construction methodologies be adopted for construction in these areas.

Underwater noise effects are considered negligible as the project area is neither a habitat for marine mammals or an important feeding area. However, as marine mammals have been observed in the area on rare occasions, setback distances and management procedures are provided to reduce any potential underwater noise effects.





Noise A sound that is unwanted by, or distracting to, the receiver.

Ambient The ambient noise level is the noise level measured in the absence of the intrusive noise or the noise requiring control. Ambient noise levels are frequently measured to determine the situation prior to the addition of a new noise source.

SPL or LP Sound Pressure Level A logarithmic ratio of a sound pressure measured at distance, relative to the threshold of hearing (20 µPa RMS) and expressed in decibels.

SWL or LW Sound Power Level A logarithmic ratio of the acoustic power output of a source relative to 10-12 watts and expressed in decibels. Sound power level is calculated from measured sound pressure levels and represents the level of total sound power radiated by a sound source.

dB Decibel The unit of sound level.

Expressed as a logarithmic ratio of sound pressure P relative to a reference pressure

of Pr=20 Pa i.e. dB = 20 x log(P/Pr)

A-weighting The process by which noise levels are corrected to account for the non-linear frequency response of the human ear.

LAeq (t) The equivalent continuous (time-averaged) A-weighted sound level. This is commonly referred to as the average noise level.

The suffix "t" represents the time period to which the noise level relates, e.g. (8 h) would represent a period of 8 hours, (15 min) would represent a period of 15 minutes and (2200-0700) would represent a measurement time between 10 pm and 7 am.

LA90 (t) The A-weighted noise level equalled or exceeded for 90% of the measurement period. This is commonly referred to as the background noise level.

The suffix "t" represents the time period to which the noise level relates, e.g. (8 h) would represent a period of 8 hours, (15 min) would represent a period of 15 minutes and (2200-0700) would represent a measurement time between 10 pm and 7 am.

LAFmax The A-weighted maximum noise level. The highest noise level which occurs during the measurement period.

Vibration When an object vibrates, it moves rapidly up and down or from side to side. The magnitude of the sensation when feeling a vibrating object is related to the vibration velocity.

Vibration can occur in any direction. When vibration velocities are described, it can be either the total vibration velocity, which includes all directions, or it can be separated into the vertical direction (up and down vibration), the horizontal transverse direction (side to side) and the horizontal longitudinal direction (front to back).

PPV Peak Particle Velocity For Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) is the measure of the vibration aptitude, zero to maximum. Used for building structural damage assessment.




APPENDIX B EXTENT OF SHARED PATH AND ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE SURVEY LOCATIONS




APPENDIX C ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE SURVEY LOCATIONS




APPENDIX D CRITERIA FOR MARINE MAMMALS

D1 Temporary Threshold Shift and Permanent Threshold Shift

The NOAA Guidelines identify the received levels above which individual marine mammals are predicted to experience changes in hearing sensitivity. These changes are either temporary (‘Temporary Threshold Shift’ or TTS), or permanent (‘Permanent Threshold Shift’ or PTS)4. Auditory threshold shifts can be caused from peak exposure (high-level impulsive events from single pile strikes) or from cumulative exposure (lower noise levels over an extended period from multiple pile strikes).

The NOAA Guidelines provide TTS and PTS onset thresholds using ‘peak’ and ‘SELcum’ assessment descriptors. The peak level is the highest un-weighted instantaneous pressure level recorded during the measurement period, whereas SELcum is the species-weighted cumulative sound exposure level over a 24-hour period. The criteria are summarised in Table 9.

Table 9: Summary of NOAA TTS and PTS thresholds

Thresholds5

Species Threshold Type Impulsive (e.g. impact piling)

Mid-Frequency Cetaceans TTS 224 dB Lpeak 170 dB SELcum (mf)

PTS 230 dB Lpeak 185 dB SELcum (mf)

Otariid Pinnipeds TTS 226 dB Lpeak 188 dB SELcum (ow)

PTS 232 dB Lpeak 203 dB SELcum (ow)

D2 Behavioural Impacts

Behavioural responses to underwater noise can vary significantly depending on species, the noise environment, and the frequency content of the noise source. These effects can range from temporary avoidance of the noisy area to disorientation or impeded communication.

Relatively little is known about the thresholds above which there are likely to be behavioural impacts. As

interim guidance, NOAA states that behavioural impacts can occur at levels of 160 dB re. 1 Pa rms for impact piling. However, it should be noted that these thresholds are recognised by NOAA to be conservative, and are only interim criteria until formal guidance is available.

4 TTS in humans can be likened to the ‘muffled’ effect on hearing after being exposed to high noise levels such as at a concert. The effect eventually goes away, but the longer the exposure, the longer the threshold shift lasts. Eventually, the TTS becomes permanent

5 SEL thresholds are in dB re 1 μPa2s and peak SPL thresholds are in dB re 1 μPa




APPENDIX E PILING SOURCE LEVELS

Impact piling can generate peak noise levels of between 180 and 250 dB re 1μPa peak at 1m depending on the pile type (e.g. timber pile, concrete pile, steel H pile, sheet pile) and size, piling rig, method and mitigation employed.

Comparable reference measurements6 for impact driven steel tube piles are summarised in Table 9. The equivalent MF weighted cumulative SEL7 has also been calculated.

Note that the source levels include mitigation provided by the wooden dolly. Section 4.4.2.4 of the CALTRANS8 document reports that based on measured data, wooden dollies can be expected to reduce noise levels from impact driven steel piles by 11 – 26 decibels. A conservative reduction of 10 decibels has been assumed for the underwater noise calculations.

Table 10: Pile driving underwater noise levels (dB re 1μPa at 10m) – with mitigation

Measurement Descriptor

Pile Type and Size

Steel 300mm (Impact Driven)

Steel 500mm (Impact Driven)

Peak 182 198

RMS (single strike) 167 177

SEL (single strike) 157 166

SELcum(MF) 167 176

SELcum(OW) 179 188

6 Impact driven concrete and timber piles – California Department of Transportation: ‘Technical Guidance for Assessment and Mitigation of the Hydroacoustic Effects of Pile Driving on Fish’ (Nov 2015), Table VI-1

7 The cumulative sound exposure level is the total sound energy over a 24-hour period normalized to 1 second. This parameter removes the duration component from the noise level, allowing impulsive and non-impulsive noise sources such as impact and vibratory piling to be compared.

8 California Department of Transportation: ‘Technical Guidance for Assessment and Mitigation of the Hydroacoustic Effects of Pile Driving on Fish’ (Nov 2015), Section 4.4.2.4




APPENDIX F CONSTRUCTION EXCEEDANCES

Table 11: Construction Exceedances

Address

(South -North as per drawing set)

Property Type Activity Worst Case Noise Level (dBA)

Cosmetic Building Damage Compliance (Y/N)

Vibration Amenity Compliance (Y/N)

Green Bay

231 Portage Rd, Green Bay Residential Plate Compactor 78 Y Y




200 Portage Rd, Green Bay Commercial Plate Compactor 94 N N

142 Connaught Street, Green Bay Residential Plate Compactor 86 Y N

34 Clark St, New Lynn Commercial Plate Compactor 78 Y Y

4 Olympic Pl, New Lynn Commercial Plate Compactor 82 Y Y




34B Portage Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 100 N N

49 Alanbrooke Cres, Avondale Residential Plate Compactor 85 Y Y

41 Alanbrooke Cres, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 83 Y Y



35 Alanbrooke Cres, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 86 Y N




Address








25A Alanbrooke Cres, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 82 Y Y



4 Stedman Pl, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 87 Y N

4A Stedman Pl, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 84 Y N


6B Stedman Pl, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 81 Y Y

34A Portage Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 78 Y Y

1/26 Portage Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 77 Y Y

24 Portage Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 76 Y Y


20 Portage Rd, Avondale Commercial Impact Piling 79 Y Y

18 Portage Rd, Avondale Commercial Impact Piling 86 Y N



12 Stedman Pl, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 77 Y Y





Address






2168 Great North Rd, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 82 Y Y







3000 Great North Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 80 Y Y

3001-3006 Great North Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 77 Y Y

2171 Great North Rd, Avondale Commercial Plate Compactor 87 Y Y

2171 Great North Rd, Avondale Commercial Impact Piling 84 Y Y

3001 Great North Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 84 Y N

9 Drury St, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 84 Y Y


76 Wingate St, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 83 Y Y

76 Wingate St, Avondale Residential Plate Compactor 89 N N



98 Wingate St, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 99 N N




Address





102 Wingate St, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 93 Y N




10 Corregidor Pl, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 85 Y N

12 Corregidor Pl, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 83 Y Y



2/108 Ash St, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 83 Y Y

118A Ash St, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 95 N N


122 Ash St, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 91 N N

122A Ash St, Avondale Residential Plate Compactor 78 Y Y

122 Ash St, Avondale Residential Plate Compactor 78 Y Y

35A Queen Mary Ave, New Lynn Residential Plate Compactor 77 Y Y


49 Koromiko St, New Lynn Residential Impact Piling 80 Y Y

45A Koromiko St, New Lynn Residential Impact Piling 77 Y Y






Address








123 Lynwood Rd, New Lynn Residential Impact Piling 90 N N

125 Lynwood Rd, New Lynn Residential Impact Piling 83 Y N

148 Lynwood Rd, New Lynn Residential Impact Piling 81 Y Y

43 Beaubank Rd, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 76 Y Y

45A Beaubank Rd, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 78 Y Y


84 Cobham Cres, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 77 Y Y


80 Cobham Cres, Kelston Residential Plate Compactor 79 Y Y

76A Cobham Cres, Kelston Residential Plate Compactor 81 Y Y

68 Cobham Cres, Kelston Residential Plate Compactor 91 N N





58B Cobham Cres, Kelston Residential Plate Compactor 87 Y N

58B Cobham Cres, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 81 Y Y




Address







48A Cobham Cres, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 77 Y Y

17B Kiernan Pl, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 78 Y Y

19 Kiernan Pl, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 79 Y Y

26A Kiernan Pl, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 79 Y Y

48B Harmel Rd, Glendene Residential Impact Piling 79 Y Y

50A Harmel Rd, Glendene Residential Impact Piling 77 Y Y

76 Harmel Rd, Glendene Residential Plate Compactor 76 Y Y


10 Avenger Pl, Glendene Residential Plate Compactor 84 Y Y

85B Glen Marine Parade, Glendene Residential Plate Compactor 79 Y Y

18 Meadow Cres, Te Atatu South Residential Impact Piling 77 Y Y



14 Meadow Cres, Te Atatu South Residential Plate Compactor 82 Y Y


12 Riverglade Pkwy, Te Atatu South Residential Plate Compactor 80 Y Y


112 Roberts Rd, Te Atatu South Residential Plate Compactor 75 Y Y




Address





112 Roberts Rd, Te Atatu South Residential Impact Piling 82 Y Y




56A Covil Ave, Te Atatu South Commercial Plate Compactor 84 Y Y

60 Covil Ave, Te Atatu South Residential Plate Compactor 75 Y Y



56 Covil Ave, Te Atatu South Residential Impact Piling 77 Y Y







27 Alwyn Ave, Te Atatu South Residential Plate Compactor 76 Y Y

29 Alwyn Ave, Te Atatu South Residential Impact Piling 78 Y Y







Address









TE WHAU SHARED PATH CONSTRUCTION NOISE AND VIBRATION

MANAGEMENT PLAN Rp 003 20171079 | 20 March 2019


84 Symonds Street

PO Box 5811 Wellesley Street

Auckland 1141 New Zealand

T: +64 9 379 7822 F: +64 9 309 3540

www.marshallday.com

Project: TE WHAU SHARED PATH

Prepared for: Beca PO Box 6345 Wellesley Street Auckland 1141

Attention: Name

Report No.: Rp 003 20171079

Disclaimer

Reports produced by Marshall Day Acoustics Limited are based on a specific scope, conditions and limitations, as agreed between Marshall Day Acoustics and the Client. Information and/or report(s) prepared by Marshall Day Acoustics may not be suitable for uses other than the specific project. No parties other than the Client should use any information and/or report(s) without first conferring with Marshall Day Acoustics.

The advice given herein is for acoustic purposes only. Relevant authorities and experts should be consulted with regard to compliance with regulations or requirements governing areas other than acoustics.

Copyright

The concepts and information contained in this document are the property of Marshall Day Acoustics Limited. Use or copying of this document in whole or in part without the written permission of Marshall Day Acoustics constitutes an infringement of copyright. Information shall not be assigned to a third party without prior consent.

Document Control

Status: Rev: Comments Date: Author: Reviewer:

Draft 31 August S King S Peakall

Draft 1 For Resource Consent 20 March 2018

S King S Peakall

Cover Photo: Creative Agency 514-806-1644



Appendix M - Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan - TWPP.docx 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 5

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 5

2.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 5

2.2 Construction Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 6

2.3 Contact Details ............................................................................................................................................ 6

3.0 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS ..................................................................................................................... 7

3.1 Conditions of Consent ................................................................................................................................ 7

3.2 Noise ............................................................................................................................................................ 8

3.3 Vibration – Cosmetic Building Damage ..................................................................................................... 9

3.4 Vibration – Amenity.................................................................................................................................. 10

3.5 Underwater Noise .................................................................................................................................... 10

4.0 PREDICTED LEVELS .................................................................................................................................... 12

4.1 Noise .......................................................................................................................................................... 12

4.2 Vibration .................................................................................................................................................... 13


5.0 MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................................... 15

5.1 Training ...................................................................................................................................................... 15

5.2 Equipment Selection ................................................................................................................................ 15

5.3 General Measures .................................................................................................................................... 15

5.4 Temporary Noise Barriers ........................................................................................................................ 16

5.5 Piling .......................................................................................................................................................... 16


5.6.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 17

5.6.2 Piling ....................................................................................................................................................... 17

6.0 ENGAGEMENT .......................................................................................................................................... 18

6.1 Communication ........................................................................................................................................ 18

6.2 Consultation .............................................................................................................................................. 18

6.3 Complaints Response ............................................................................................................................... 19

7.0 MONITORING ............................................................................................................................................ 20

7.1 Noise .......................................................................................................................................................... 20

7.2 Vibration .................................................................................................................................................... 21

7.3 Building Condition Surveys ...................................................................................................................... 22





APPENDIX B SENSITIVE RECIEVERS




1.0 INTRODUCTION

Marshall Day Acoustics (MDA) has been engaged by Auckland Council (AC) to prepare a draft Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan (CNVMP) for the Te Whau Shared Path.

This CNVMP is required to satisfy Consent Condition Y. It identifies the relevant noise and vibration performance standards for the Project and sets out best practicable options (BPO) for noise and vibration management.

This CNVMP should be implemented throughout the construction period. It should be considered a ‘living document’ that is expanded and updated as the Project progresses and working conditions become clearer. It is intended to be the primary tool to manage the Project’s construction noise and vibration effects.

Some parts of this CNVMP have not been finalised (the highlighted sections) and must be updated as accurate information becomes available.

A glossary of terminology is included in Appendix A.

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Overview

Te Whau Pathway is a shared path that will link the Waitemata and Manukau Harbours. The principle main alignment is approximately 11.8km with 3.2 km of connecting paths, a total length of 15km. The path will largely follow the western side of the Whau River and will be designed to accommodate pedestrians and cyclists.

Te Whau Pathway will provide a high-quality shared path that is safe and almost entirely

segregated from vehicular traffic. It will also provide connections to the wider cycle network including the New Lynn/ Avondale rail link and the North Western motorway cycle path.

The project started as the Whau West Greenway in 2011/12 a concept put forward by Whau River Catchment Trust and the Greenways Project Inc. It was presented and approved in principle by the Whau Local Board. A similar concept was promoted in 2013 through a HOOP-LA research project called Muddy Urbanism. The river edge pathway idea started to gain traction and in 2014 the Whau Coastal Walkway Environmental Trust was established by a group of locals keen to bring the vision into being.

Te Whau Pathway Project is a collaborative partnership project between the Whau Coastal Walkway Environmental Trust, Auckland Council, Auckland Transport, the Whau and Henderson-Massey Local Boards, Te Kawerau a Maki and Ngati Whatua Orakei.

The Whau catchment is a mixture of residential, commercial and industrial development, historically the Whau river has a long history of human transportation. Maori for centuries used the Whau as an important route for transporting waka between the two coasts of Te Ika a Maui. For Tangata Whenua, the water has significant spiritual values especially revealed in its alternative Maori name Waitahurangi (“Waters of Tahurangi”). Through the TWP Project and subsequent development of the pathway, there will be opportunity to share both the local and cultural stories of the Whau river and surrounding catchment through education and interpretative signage.

The construction of the pathway will deliver 3m wide concrete paths on land and 4m wide boardwalks through the coastal marine area. The overall pathway will connect 33 reserves, esplanade reserves, sports parks and roads. The pathway will also connect the various communities of Green Bay, New Lynn, Avondale, Kelston, Glendene and Te Atatu as well as a number of schools.

At the beginning of 2017, Auckland Transport sought public feedback on the scheme plan and preliminary design for the Te Whau Pathway Route. In June 2017, the scheme plan and preliminary design was completed.




The pathway is being built in stages. Construction for the earlier stages began in 2015. Between 2015 and 2016 pathways were completed at Archibald, Ken Maunder, Olympic Park, McLeod park. Roberts Field and Tiroroa Reserve were completed in 2018. To date, 3.9km of pathway has been constructed. Just under 700m of pathway at Rizal/Sandy Lane is currently in detail design phase to be delivered in FY19/20 and is not included in this resource consent application. This Resource Consent application applies to the remaining approximately 10.4km of path, comprising approximately 7.1km of proposed boardwalk and 3.3km of proposed footpath.

During 2017, a concept design for the remainder of the pathway was undertaken. The dates below outline the series of events:

◼ March / April 2017 – Public feedback on the scheme plan and preliminary design;

◼ June 2017 – Scheme plan and preliminary design complete;

◼ 2017 / 2018 – Completed construction of paths in Roberts Field, Tiroroa Reserve;

◼ 2017 / 2018 – Planned construction of paths in Queen Mary Reserve (application no.

LUC60307203) and Rizal Reserve (application no. LUC60307205);

◼ 2018 / 2019 – Current resource consent application prepared and applied for the remaining

sections for Te Whau Pathway (including coastal marine area boardwalk).

On completion the pathway will feature strategically placed seating, viewing and rest areas and art work.

Weed control and community plantings of native plant species will also be delivered through the project.

The development of the pathway will be a significant link in Auckland’s network of cycling and walking routes and will aim to improve community connection to and appreciation of the Whau River.

The works are scheduled for approximately [X months], between [month year] and [month year]. Construction hours will be 0730 – 1800 hrs, Monday to Saturday.

2.2 Construction Methodology

The construction methodology for the raised boardwalk and the at grade sections of the path will differ. In general, the following high-level construction methodologies will be undertaken for each section of the shared path:

Raised Boardwalk

• Construction of abutments

• Pile wooden boardwalk supports (bored or impact)

• Construction of raised boardwalk

At Grade

• Cut and fill to create path profile

• Construction of concrete pathway

2.3 Contact Details

Contact details for the relevant personnel are included in Table 1. The Project Manager is ultimately responsible for implementing this CNVMP.

Table 1: Contacts

Role Name Organisation Phone Email

Project Manager TBC TBC TBC TBC




Role Name Organisation Phone Email

Acoustic Specialist TBC TBC TBC TBC

Public Complaints TBC TBC TBC TBC

3.0 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

3.1 Conditions of Consent

This CNVMP is required to satisfy the following (proposed) Conditions of Consent:

1. Construction noise shall comply with Auckland Unitary Plan (AUP) Standard E25.6.27 as far as practicable.

2. Construction vibration relating to amenity effects shall comply with AUP Standard E25.6.30 (1) (b) as far as practicable.

3. Construction vibration relating to the risk of cosmetic building damage shall comply with AUP Standard E25.6.30 (1) (a). Where compliance is not practicable:

a) The Consent Holder shall, prior to the commencement of (identified activity), contact the owners of the properties at (X, Y and Z addresses) to seek their agreement to a Pre-Construction Building Condition Assessment of the building on their property and to provide access within 2 weeks for the Assessment to be undertaken.

b) If the agreements listed in condition (a) above are not obtained within 2 weeks of first contact, the Consent Holder shall not be required under these conditions to undertake a Pre-Construction Building Condition Assessment for that property.

c) If the agreements listed in condition (a) above are obtained within 2 weeks, the Consent Holder shall employ a suitably qualified person to undertake a Pre-Construction Building Condition Assessment for that property.

d) The Consent Holder shall provide a copy of the Pre-Construction Building Condition Assessment Report to the relevant property owner and the Auckland Council Consent Monitoring officer within 2 weeks of the Pre-Construction Building Condition Assessment Report being received by the Consent Holder.

e) The Consent Holder shall, within 1 month of the completion of (identified activity), contact the owners to which condition (c) above applies to provide access to undertake a Post-Construction Building Condition Assessment.

f) If the agreements listed in condition (e) above are not obtained within 2 weeks of first contact, the Consent Holder shall not be required under these conditions to undertake a Post-Construction Building Condition Assessment for that property.

g) The Consent Holder shall provide a copy of the Post-Construction Building Condition Assessment Report to the relevant property owner and the Auckland Council Consent Monitoring officer within 2 weeks of the Post-Construction Building Condition Assessment Report being received by the Consent Holder.

h) Where a Post-Construction Building Condition Assessment confirms any damage to a building as a result of (identified activity) vibration, the Consent Holder shall be required to rectify the damage at its own cost, as soon as practicable, in consultation with the owner of the property and if access is provided.

4. A Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan (CNVMP) must be prepared by a suitably qualified person and submitted to Auckland Council for certification 5 days prior to the commencement of the works. At a minimum, the CNVMP must address the relevant measures in Annex E of NZS 6803:1999 "Acoustics - Construction Noise” and Appendix B of DIN 4150-3:1999




“Structural vibration - Part 3 Effects of vibration on structures”. The CNVMP must be implemented throughout the Project and a copy must be maintained on site.

3.2 Noise

In accordance with the AUP, construction noise must be measured and assessed in accordance with the provisions of New Zealand Standard NZS 6803:1999 “Acoustics - Construction Noise”. The noise limits apply at 1m from external façades of occupied buildings.

The relevant construction noise limits from Condition X (refer Section 3.1) are 75 dB LAeq and 90 dB LAFmax during the daytime works period (Section 2.1) and are summarised in Table 2 and Table 3.

Table 2: Construction noise levels for activities sensitive to noise1 (e.g. occupied dwellings)

Time of week Time period Typical duration2

dB LAeq LAFmax

Weekdays 0630 – 0730 60 75

0730 – 1800 75 90

1800 – 2000 70 85

2000 – 0630 45 75

Saturdays 0730 – 1800 75 90

1800 – 0630 45 75

Sundays and public holidays 0730 – 1800 55 85

1800 – 0630 45 75

Table 3: Construction noise levels for noise affecting any other activity3 (e.g. occupied commercial building)

Time of week Time period Typical duration2

dB LAeq

All days 0730 – 1800 75

1800 – 0730 80

1 Activities sensitive to noise are defined as ‘Any dwelling, visitor accommodations, boarding house, marae, Papakainga, integrated residential development, retirement village, supported residential care, care centres, lecture theatres in tertiary education facilities, classrooms in education facilities and healthcare facilities with an overnight stay facility’.

2 Construction work at any one location for more than 14 calendar days but less than 20 weeks

3 Activities sensitive to noise are defined as ‘Any dwelling, visitor accommodations, boarding house, marae, Papakainga, integrated residential development, retirement village, supported residential care, care centres, lecture theatres in tertiary education facilities, classrooms in education facilities and healthcare facilities with an overnight stay facility’.




3.3 Vibration – Cosmetic Building Damage

Condition X (refer Section 3.1) and/or AUP rule E25.6.30 (1)(a) requires construction vibration to be measured and assessed in accordance with German Standard DIN 4150-3:1999 “Structural vibration – Part 3: Effects of vibration on structures”. The short-term (transient)4 vibration limits in Figure 1 apply at building foundations in any axis. The vibration limits in all other cases are summarised in Table 4.

Figure 1: Short-term (transient)1 vibration at building foundations (DIN 4150-3 1999: Figure 1)

Table 4: Vibration at horizontal plane of highest floor (DIN 4150-3 1999: Tables 1 and 3)

Structure Type Peak Particle Velocity Vibration Level (mm/s)

Short-term (transient)1 Long-term (continuous)5, 6

Line 1. Commercial or Industrial buildings 40 10

Line 2. Residential buildings 15 5

Line 3. Historic or Sensitive Structures 8 2.5

The criteria relate to the avoidance of cosmetic building damage, such as cracking in paint or plasterwork. Cosmetic building damage effects are deemed ‘minor damage’ in the Standard and can generally be easily repaired. The cosmetic building damage thresholds are much lower than those that would result in structural damage. The Standard states: "Experience has shown that if these values are complied with, damage that reduces the serviceability of the building will not occur."

4 Short-term (transient) vibration is “vibration which does not occur often enough to cause structural fatigue and which does not produce resonance in the structure being evaluated”

5 Long-term (continuous) vibration includes types not covered by the short-term vibration definition

6 The long-term (continuous) criteria can apply at all floor levels, but levels are normally highest at the top floor




3.4 Vibration – Amenity

Condition X in Section 3.1 requires construction vibration to comply with the limits in Table 5 in any axis when measured in the corner of the floor of the storey of interest for multi-storey buildings, or within 500mm of ground level at the foundation of a single storey building.

Table 5: Vibration amenity at horizontal plane of floor level of interest (AUP E25.6.30.1)

Receiver Peak Particle Velocity Vibration Level (mm/s)

0700 - 2200 2200 - 0700

Occupied activity sensitive to noise 2 0.3

Other occupied buildings 2 2

Where construction vibration from daytime works (7am to 6pm) is predicted to exceed 2mm/s PPV for no more than three days, the occupants of all buildings within 50m must be advised of the works no less than 3 days prior to the works commencing and the vibration level must not exceed 5mm/s (Section 6.1).

3.5 Underwater Noise

AUP Section F2.18 includes objectives and policies relating to the management of the adverse effects of underwater noise on marine mammals.

There are no underwater noise limits in New Zealand legislation. Therefore, this CNVMP relies on guidance from the US Department of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 7.

It is understood that marine mammals rarely enter the estuary. Based on consultation with the project’s marine ecologist8, there would be no long-term habitation/occupation of marine animals in the estuary and it is not known to contain any important food sources that are not available elsewhere in other parts of the Waitemata Harbour. Any marine mammals sighted in the area would likely be entering out of curiosity or for opportunistic grazing (i.e. short-term occupants).

It is understood that there have been two sightings of marine mammals in the project vicinity: a large pod of dolphins was observed in the Whau River on one occasion (assumed to be common or bottlenose dolphin), and there has also been an anecdotal comment about the presence of a fur seal in the area. The species of interest are therefore:

• Mid-frequency cetaceans (common or bottlenose dolphin)

• Otariid pinnipeds (fur seals)

The NOAA criteria for these species are summarised in Table 6.

7 ‘Technical Guidance for Assessing the Effects of Anthropogenic Sound on Marine Mammal Hearing’, NOAA (July 2016)

8 Email from Tim Haggitt from eCoast, 22 April 2018




Table 6: Summary of NOAA TTS and PTS thresholds for impulsive sources (e.g. impact piling)

Thresholds9

Species Threshold Type Impulsive (e.g. impact piling)

Mid-Frequency Cetaceans

TTS 224 dB Lpeak 170 dB SELcum (mf)

PTS 230 dB Lpeak 185 dB SELcum (mf)

Otariid Pinnipeds TTS 226 dB Lpeak 188 dB SELcum (ow)

PTS 232 dB Lpeak 203 dB SELcum (ow)

9 SEL thresholds are in dB re 1 μPa2s and peak SPL thresholds are in dB re 1 μPa




4.0 PREDICTED LEVELS

4.1 Noise

Table 7 and Table 8 provide indicative construction noise levels for proposed construction activities. They should be used by the Project Manager (or nominated person) prior to construction to inform what equipment will require mitigation and/or management and when. It should be kept up to date by the Acoustic Specialist when new information becomes apparent through noise monitoring (Section 7.1) or other means.

Table 7: Raised boardwalk indicative construction noise levels at 1m from a building façade

Equipment Sound Power Façade Noise Level (dB LAeq) Limit Setback (m)


Excavator (9T) 103 84 78 72 63 14

Impact Piling Excavator (9T) 114 95 89 83 74 44

Bored Piling 103 84 78 72 63 14

Truck idling 91 72 66 60 51 4


Table 8: At grade indicative construction noise levels at 1m from a building façade

Equipment

Sound Power Façade Noise Level (dB LAeq) Limit Setback (m)


Excavator (20T) 103 84 78 72 63 14

Excavator (5T) 102 83 77 71 62 13

Truck idling 91 72 66 60 51 4

Plate compactor 108 89 83 77 68 25


The noise level received inside a noise sensitive space (e.g. office or living room) will depend on the external noise level, sound insulation performance of the façade (particularly the glazing) and room constants (such as the room dimensions and surface finishes). These factors can vary widely.

The Construction Noise Standard (NZS 6803) recommends noise limits assessed at 1m from the external façade of a building, assuming a façade sound level difference of 20 decibels. However, 20 decibels is particularly conservative for modern buildings. With knowledge of the façade glazing type, the sound insulation performance can generally be estimated as follows:

• Sealed glazing 30 decibels façade sound level difference

• Openable windows (closed) 20 – 25 decibels façade sound level difference

• Open windows 15 decibels façade sound level difference




Table 9 provides guidance on the effects in noise sensitive spaces during the day depending on the external noise level and façade glazing type. The potential effects are colour coded as follows:

• Typically acceptable

• Annoyance and reduction in work efficiency for some occupants

• Annoyance and degradation of communication quality for most occupants

Table 9: Daytime noise levels in commercial & industrial buildings and habitable rooms in dwellings

External Noise Level (dB LAeq)

Estimated Internal Noise Level (dB LAeq)

Sealed glazing Openable windows (modern building)

Openable windows (historic building)

Open windows

90 – 95 60 – 65 65 – 70 70 – 75 75 – 80

85 – 90 55 – 60 60 – 65 65 – 70 70 – 75

80 – 85 50 – 55 55 – 60 60 – 65 65 – 70

75 – 80 45 – 50 50 – 55 55 – 60 60 – 65

70 – 75 40 – 45 45 – 50 50 – 55 55 – 60

4.2 Vibration

Table 10 provides indicative construction vibration levels for proposed activities that have the potential to result in vibration in building structures. It should be used by the Project Manager (or nominated person) prior to construction to inform what equipment will require mitigation and/or management and when. It should be kept up to date by the Acoustic Specialist when new information becomes apparent through vibration monitoring (Section 7.2) or other means.

Table 10: Indicative distances to comply with vibration limits at building foundations

Equipment Amenity Setback (m) 10 Cosmetic Building Damage Setback (m) 10

AUP 2 mm/s PPV

Residential 5 mm/s PPV

Commercial 10 mm/s PPV

Impact Piling 20 10 4

Bored Piling 3 1 1

Plate Compaction 8 5 3

While the primary vibration concern is typically cosmetic building damage (Section 0), people may be disturbed at levels significantly lower levels (Section 3.4). Potentially affected parties should be informed about the vibration levels they may experience and assured vibration damage can only occur at magnitudes well above the threshold of perception (Section 6.1).

10 Based on regression analysis of available vibration measurements, plus a 100% safety factor





The indicative zones of influence for impact piling are presented in Table 11.

Table 11: Impact piling zones of influence

Pile size Threshold Zones of Influence

MF Cetaceans Otariid Pinnipeds


Cumulative Exposure <10m <10m



Cumulative Exposure 25m 10m





5.0 MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT

5.1 Training

All staff will participate in an induction training session prior to the start of construction, with attention given to the following matters:

• Construction noise and vibration limits (Section 3.0)

• Activities with the potential to generate high levels of noise and/or vibration (Section 0)

• Noise and vibration mitigation and management procedures (Section 0)

• The sensitivity of receivers and any operational requirements and constraints identified through communication and consultation (Section 0)

Awareness of current noise and vibration matters on, or near active worksites, will be addressed during regular site meetings and/or ‘toolbox’ training sessions.

5.2 Equipment Selection

When selecting construction equipment, where practicable:

• Prioritise quieter construction methodologies (e.g. bored piling instead of drop hammer piling)

• Prioritise electric motors over diesel engines

• Prioritise rubber tracked equipment over steel tracked equipment

• Equipment should be suitably sized for the proposed task

• Equipment should be maintained and fitted with exhaust silencers and engine covers

• Avoid tonal reversing or warning alarms (suitable alternatives may include flashing lights, broadband audible alarms or reversing cameras inside vehicles)

5.3 General Measures

Complaints can arise whether or not noise and vibration levels comply with the Project limits. To avoid complaints, general mitigation and management measures include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Avoid unnecessary noise, such as shouting, the use of horns, loud site radios, rough handling of material and equipment, and banging or shaking excavator buckets

• Avoid metal on metal contact such as during the loading of scaffolding on trucks

• Avoid high engine revs through appropriate equipment selection and turn engines off when idle

• Maintain site accessways to avoid pot holes and corrugations

• Mitigate track squeal from tracked equipment, such as excavators (may include tensioning and watering or lubricating the tracks regularly)

• Minimise construction duration near sensitive receivers

• Stationary equipment (e.g. generators) should be located away from noise sensitive receivers and site buildings and material stores used to screen them

• Orient mobile machinery to maximise the distance between the engine exhaust and the nearest sensitive building façade (e.g. excavators)

• Utilise noise barriers where appropriate (Section 5.4)

• Implement specialised mitigation measures for piling (Section 5.5) and underwater noise (Section 5.6).




• Ensure advanced communication is complete (Section 0) prior to commencing activities that are predicted to exceed the noise and vibration performance standards (Section 0)

• Where nearby sensitive receivers are identified that operate particularly noise and/or vibration sensitive equipment and/or activities (e.g. recording studio or laser eye surgery), a suitably qualified and experienced specialist (e.g. full Member of the Acoustical Society of New Zealand) should review the performance standards (Section 0) to ensure they are appropriate and participate in consultation (Section 6.2).

• Undertake monitoring as appropriate (Section 7.0)

5.4 Temporary Noise Barriers

Temporary noise barriers should be used where a construction noise limit is predicted to be exceeded (Section 4.1) and the barriers would noticeably reduce the construction noise level. They should be installed prior to works commencing and maintained throughout the works. Effective noise barriers typically reduce the received noise level by 10 decibels.

Where practicable, the following guidelines should be incorporated in the design and utilisation of temporary noise barriers:

• The panels should be constructed from materials with a minimum surface mass of 6.5 kg/m2. Suitable panels include 12 mm plywood or the following proprietary ‘noise curtains’:

o Duraflex ‘Noise Control Barrier - Performance Series’ (www.duraflex.co.nz)

o Soundex ‘Acoustic Curtain - Performance Series' (www.ultimate-solutions.co.nz)

o Flexshield ‘Sonic Curtain with 4 kg/m2 mass loaded vinyl backing’ (www.flexshield.co.nz)

o Alternatives should be approved by a suitably qualified acoustic specialist because some proprietary noise curtains have insufficient surface mass for general use

• The panels should be a minimum height of 2 m, and higher if practicable to block line-of-sight

• The panels should be abutted or overlapped to provide a continuous screen without gaps at the bottom or sides of the panels

• The panels should be positioned as close as practicable to the noisy construction activity to block line-of-sight between the activity and noise sensitive receivers

Where positioned on the site boundary, additional local barriers should be considered near the activity to ensure effective mitigation for sensitive receivers on upper floor levels.

5.5 Piling

Where practicable:

• Prioritise piling methods that minimise noise and vibration (e.g. augured, screw or press-in piles over impact driven or vibratory piling methods)

• Where impact piling is required within 15m of an occupied residential building, temporary relocation should be offered to the occupants for the duration of the pile construction

• Avoid alternating rotation of the bored piling auger to loosen spoil into the muck bin. Shaking the kelly bit connection creates very loud banging that can result in noise complaints. It is understood this action can be avoided for general auger use, but is necessary specifically when a coring barrel is used to drill through obstructions (due to Health and Safety issues related to alternative ways of loosening material from the bit).

• Use a non-metallic ‘dolly’ or ‘cushion cap’ between the impact piling hammer and the driving helmet (e.g. plastic or plywood)


http://www.duraflex.co.nz/

http://www.ultimate-solutions.co.nz/

http://www.flexshield.co.nz/



• Use an enclosed impact piling driving system that shrouds the point of impact


5.6.1 General

Where practicable and appropriate, specific measures which can be employed to reduce or manage the effects of underwater noise include:

• Modify the source. First, choosing alternate equipment and technology, reducing source level and changing spectral characteristics (e.g. prioritise augured piling over impact driven piling)

• Modify the timing of activities, including time of day, season of mammal presence and breeding season

• Modify operational parameters. This may include soft starts (gradually increasing the noise level), minimising duty cycle and limiting the speed of vessels

• Install mitigation equipment (e.g. bubble screens or cofferdams)

• Implementing mitigation procedures, such as visual or passive acoustic monitoring of marine mammals and low power or shut down (safety/buffer) zones.

5.6.2 Piling

Where practicable and appropriate, specific measures which can be employed to reduce or manage the effects of underwater noise piling noise include:

• Use a wooden (preferable) or plastic dolly for the steel piles

• Enclose the pile driving point of impact in an acoustic shroud

• Undertake visual monitoring during piling to identify marine mammals and divers in the area, and where practicable:

o Do not start piling if a marine mammal is identified within 10m of the pile

o Use ‘soft starts’ (gradually increasing the intensity of impact piling) and minimise duty cycle

o Implement low power or shut down procedures if a marine mammal is identified within 10m of the pile

o Stop piling if a marine mammal is identified within 10m of the pile




6.0 ENGAGEMENT

6.1 Communication

Written communication (e.g. newsletter) should be provided to occupiers of buildings within 100 m of the site at least 2 weeks prior to the Project commencing. It should acknowledge that some activities are predicted to generate high noise and/or vibration levels that may result in disturbance for short periods. It should include details of the overall works, its timing, duration and contact details where complaints and enquiries should be directed.

Written communication during the works:

• Public site signage should include contact details

• Regular project updates should include details of impending activities that may result in disturbance, including piling (Section 5.5) and plate compaction. It should include scheduled timing and duration of these activities and contact details where complaints and enquiries should be directed.

• Occupants of buildings predicted to receive vibration levels exceeding 2mm/s PPV for more than three days should be advised at least 3 days prior to the works commencing (Section 3.4)

6.2 Consultation

Table 12 in Appendix B identifies sensitive receivers where noise and/or vibration is predicted to exceed the performance standards.

Consultation should be undertaken to address reasonable concerns about noise and vibration on a case-by-case basis. The Project Manager should address any concerns and complaints in accordance with Section 6.3. When discussing vibration concerns, it is important to convey that vibration can be felt at levels well below those that pose a risk of cosmetic building damage. A copy of all correspondence should be made available to Council upon request.

The following process will be implemented by the Project Manager (or nominated person). It relates to any construction activity measured to exceed the relevant construction noise and vibration performance standards:

• For exceedances of the construction vibration standards, activities should cease as soon as safe and practicable to do so

• Review the construction methodology, mitigation measures and management strategies to ensure they represent the BPO. This should consider affected parties interests, practicability and material benefit of further measures, and implications to Project timing, duration and cost

• Undertake consultation with affected parties to understand their sensitivities, including times, activities and locations. Consultation should focus on a collaborative approach to managing the adverse effects from construction noise and vibration. A project representative should be contactable during works. A record of consultation should be kept at the site office and be available to the affected parties and Council if requested.

• Implement measures to avoid significant adverse effects as agreed with the affected party and monitor the activity to verify the extent of any adverse effects

• For exceedances of the construction vibration cosmetic building damage thresholds in Section 0, a detailed building condition survey will be undertaken in accordance with Section 7.3. If damage has not occurred, then that activity can continue provided the measured vibration level is not exceeded further and the construction methodology is the BPO. If damage has occurred, alternative construction methods should be investigated and the consent holder should commit to repairing the damage within a reasonable timeframe.




6.3 Complaints Response

All construction noise and/or vibration complaints should be recorded in a complaints file that is available to Council on request. For each complaint, an investigation should be undertaken involving the following steps as soon as practicable:

• Acknowledge receipt of the concern or complaint within 24 hours and record:

o Time and date the complaint was received and who received it

o Time and date of the activity subject to the complaint (estimated where not known)

o The name, address and contact details of the complainant (unless they elect not to provide)

o The complainant’s description of the activity and its resulting effects

o Any relief sought by the complainant (e.g. scheduling of the activity)

• Identify the relevant activity and the nature of the works at the time of the complaint

• If a reasonable complaint relates to building damage, inform the on-duty site manager as soon as practicable and cease associated works pending an investigation.

• Review the activity noise and/or vibration levels (Section 0) to determine if the activity is predicted to comply with the relevant performance standards (Section 3.0) at the complainant’s building. Consider attended monitoring to verify the underlying reference level assumptions.

• Review the mitigation and management measures to ensure the activity represents the BPO (Section 0). Review the relief sought by the complainant. Adopt further mitigation and management measures as appropriate.

• Review the potential residual effects (Section 0) of activities that are predicted to exceed the relevant performance standards (Section 3.0)

• Report the findings and recommendations to the Project Manager, implement changes and update this CNVMP as appropriate

• Report the outcomes of the investigation to the complainant, identifying where the relief sought by the complainant has been adopted or the reason(s) otherwise.

In most cases, ceasing the activity would provide immediate relief. In some cases, this may not be practicable for safety or other reasons. The complainant shall be kept updated regularly during the time it takes to resolve the matter.




7.0 MONITORING

7.1 Noise

Construction noise levels should be monitored:

• In response to a reasonable noise complaint (Section 6.3)

• At 1m from the most affected building façade, or proxy position and adjusted for distance and façade reflections where appropriate

• By a suitably qualified and experienced specialist (e.g. full Member of the Acoustical Society of New Zealand) in accordance with the requirements of New Zealand Standard NZS 6803: 1999 “Acoustics - Construction Noise”

• For a representative duration, reported with the measured level (e.g. 65 dB LAeq (30min))

• The results should be used to update Section 4.1 if appropriate

A noise monitoring flowchart is presented in Figure 2.

Figure 2: Noise Monitoring Flow Chart

Limits practicably achieved?

Noise monitoring (Section 7.1):

• During the first use of high noise equipment (Section 4.1)

• In response to a reasonable complaint (Section 6.3) or to verify an exceedance

Review mitigation and management strategies to ensure BPO (Section 0)

Yes

Implement contingency measures with affected parties (Section 6.2)

Submit findings to Project Manager

Comply with noise limits? (Section 3.2)

Response to a previous non-

compliant measurement? Revise construction

methodology

Yes

Yes

No

No

No




7.2 Vibration

Construction vibration should be monitored:

• During the first occurrence of impact piling activities that are predicted to exceed the vibration limits (Section 4.2) and following the completion of pre-construction building condition surveys (Section 7.3)

• In response to a reasonable vibration complaint (Section 6.3)

• At the closest building foundations and/or the top floor level as appropriate where consent to access the building of interest has been requested and granted

• By a suitably qualified and experienced specialist (e.g. full Member of the Acoustical Society of New Zealand) in accordance the requirements of German Standard DIN 4150-3:1999 “Structural vibration – Part 3: Effects of vibration on structures”

• For a representative construction duration, measured in 2 second intervals

• The results should be used to update Section 4.2 if appropriate

A vibration monitoring flowchart is presented in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Vibration Monitoring Flow Chart

Vibration monitoring (Section 7.2):

• During the first use of high vibration equipment (Section 0)

• In response to a reasonable complaint (Section 6.3) or to verify an exceedance

Notify Project Manager, cease the activity, engage a structural engineer and undertake

a building condition survey

Implement contingency measures with affected parties (Section 6.2)

Submit findings to Project Manager

Comply with cosmetic building damage limits?

(Section 0)

Response to a previous non-

compliant measurement?

Limits practicably achieved?

Revise construction methodology

Review mitigation and management strategies to ensure BPO (Section 0)

Building damage?

Damage type?

Seek advice from structural expert before continuing

Heritage building?

Engage heritage expert

Comply with the amenity limits?

(Section 3.4)

Cosmetic Building Damage

Amenity

No

Yes

No

No

Cosmetic

Structural

Yes

No

Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes




7.3 Building Condition Surveys

Cosmetic building damage (e.g. plaster or paint cracking) is an effect that is relevant to the building owner only (i.e. rather than tenants or leaseholders). People generally perceive vibration at levels significantly lower than those levels that would result in cosmetic building damage and an understanding of this often alleviates receivers’ concerns.

A building condition survey should be undertaken for the following buildings (Sections 4.2 and 6.2):

• 200 Portage Road, Greenbay (Building Type: commercial)

• 34B Portage Road, New Lynn (Building Type: commercial)

• 98 Wingate Street, Avondale (Building Type: residential)

• 123 Lynwood Road, New Lynn (Building Type: residential)

• 68 Cobham Crescent, Kelston (Building Type: residential)



The Project Manager should request in writing the approval of the property owner to undertake a building condition survey at the following times:

• Prior to construction commencing where vibration is predicted to exceed the cosmetic building damage limits (Section 4.2)

• During construction where vibration is measured to exceed the cosmetic building damage limits in (Section 4.2) and/or in response to a reasonable claim of damage from construction vibration (Section 6.3)

• Post construction to avoid subsequent claims of damage from construction vibration (Section 6.3)

If a vibration exceedance has occurred but there is no resulting cosmetic damage, then that activity can continue provided the measured vibration level is not exceeded further and the construction methodology already adheres to the BPO. If damage has occurred, alternative construction methods should be investigated and [Auckland Transport/appointed contractor] should rectify the damage at its own cost, as soon as practicable, in consultation with the owner of the property.

Each building condition survey should:

• Be undertaken by a suitably qualified person

• Provide a description of the building

• Determine the appropriate structure type classification11 with respect to DIN 4150-3:1999 “Structural Vibration - Effects of Vibration on Structures” (i.e. historic/sensitive, residential or commercial/industrial)

• Document and photograph the condition of the building, including any cosmetic and/or structural damage

• The results should be provided to the property owner and be available to Council on request

11 Classifications with respect to Tables 1 and 3 of DIN 4150-3:1999 “Structural Vibration - Effects of Vibration on Structures” (i.e. historic/sensitive, residential or commercial/industrial)





Noise A sound that is unwanted by, or distracting to, the receiver.

dB Decibel (dB) is the unit of sound level. Expressed as a logarithmic ratio of sound pressure (P) relative to a reference pressure (Pr), where dB = 20 x log(P/Pr). The

convention is a reference pressure of Pr = 20 Pa in air and Pr = 1 Pa underwater.

dBA The unit of sound level which has its frequency characteristics modified by a filter (A-weighted) to more closely approximate the frequency bias of the human ear. A-weighting is used in airborne acoustics.

LAeq (t) The equivalent continuous (time-averaged) A-weighted sound level commonly referred to as the average level. The suffix (t) represents the period, e.g. (8 h) would represent a period of 8 hours, (15 min) would represent a period of 15 minutes and (2200-0700) would represent a measurement time between 10 pm and 7 am.

LAFmax The A-weighted maximum noise level. The highest noise level which occurs during the measurement period.

NZS 6803:1999 New Zealand Standard NZS 6803: 1999 “Acoustics - Construction Noise”

Vibration When an object vibrates, it moves rapidly up and down or from side to side. The magnitude of the sensation when feeling a vibrating object is related to the vibration velocity. Vibration can occur in any direction. When vibration velocities are described, it can be either the total vibration velocity, which includes all directions, or it can be separated into vertical (up and down vibration), horizontal transverse (side to side) and horizontal longitudinal direction (front to back) components.

PPV Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) is the measure of the vibration amplitude, zero to maximum, measured in mm/s.

BS 5228:2009 British Standard BS 5228:2009 “Code of practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites, Part 1: Noise, Part 2: Vibration”

DIN 4150-3:1999 German Standard DIN 4150-3:1999 “Structural Vibration - Effects of Vibration on Structures”

Underwater noise A sound that is unwanted by, or distracting to, the receiver underwater.

Lpeak The peak instantaneous pressure level (un-weighted).

RMS Root Mean Square (RMS) is the equivalent continuous (time-averaged) sound level commonly referred to as the average level (period matches the event duration).

SEL Sound exposure level (SEL) is the total sound energy of an event, normalised to an average sound level over one second. It is the time-integrated, sound-pressure-squared level. SEL is typically used to compare transient sound events having different time durations, pressure levels and temporal characteristics.

SELcum The SELcum is the ‘cumulative’ sound energy of all events in a 24 hour period, normalised to an average sound level over one second.

TTS Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS) is the temporary loss of hearing caused by sound exposure. The duration of TTS varies depending on the nature of the stimulus, but there is generally recovery of full hearing over time.

PTS Permanent Threshold Shift (PTS) is the permanent loss of hearing caused by acoustic trauma. PTS results in irreversible damage to the sensory hair cells of the ear.




APPENDIX B SENSITIVE RECIEVERS

Table 12: Construction Noise and Vibration Exceedances

Address





Green Bay





200 Portage Rd, Green Bay Commercial Plate Compactor 94 N N

142 Connaught Street, Green Bay Residential Plate Compactor 86 Y N

34 Clark St, New Lynn Commercial Plate Compactor 78 Y Y





34B Portage Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 100 N N

49 Alanbrooke Cres, Avondale Residential Plate Compactor 85 Y Y




35 Alanbrooke Cres, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 86 Y N




Address








25A Alanbrooke Cres, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 82 Y Y



4 Stedman Pl, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 87 Y N



6B Stedman Pl, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 81 Y Y


1/26 Portage Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 77 Y Y




18 Portage Rd, Avondale Commercial Impact Piling 86 Y N








Address













3000 Great North Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 80 Y Y

3001-3006 Great North Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 77 Y Y

2171 Great North Rd, Avondale Commercial Plate Compactor 87 Y Y

2171 Great North Rd, Avondale Commercial Impact Piling 84 Y Y

3001 Great North Rd, New Lynn Commercial Impact Piling 84 Y N




76 Wingate St, Avondale Residential Plate Compactor 89 N N



98 Wingate St, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 99 N N




Address





102 Wingate St, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 93 Y N




10 Corregidor Pl, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 85 Y N




2/108 Ash St, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 83 Y Y



122 Ash St, Avondale Residential Impact Piling 91 N N

122A Ash St, Avondale Residential Plate Compactor 78 Y Y

122 Ash St, Avondale Residential Plate Compactor 78 Y Y




45A Koromiko St, New Lynn Residential Impact Piling 77 Y Y






Address








123 Lynwood Rd, New Lynn Residential Impact Piling 90 N N

125 Lynwood Rd, New Lynn Residential Impact Piling 83 Y N

148 Lynwood Rd, New Lynn Residential Impact Piling 81 Y Y


45A Beaubank Rd, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 78 Y Y











58B Cobham Cres, Kelston Residential Plate Compactor 87 Y N

58B Cobham Cres, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 81 Y Y




Address







48A Cobham Cres, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 77 Y Y

17B Kiernan Pl, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 78 Y Y

19 Kiernan Pl, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 79 Y Y

26A Kiernan Pl, Kelston Residential Impact Piling 79 Y Y

48B Harmel Rd, Glendene Residential Impact Piling 79 Y Y

50A Harmel Rd, Glendene Residential Impact Piling 77 Y Y



10 Avenger Pl, Glendene Residential Plate Compactor 84 Y Y

85B Glen Marine Parade, Glendene Residential Plate Compactor 79 Y Y








112 Roberts Rd, Te Atatu South Residential Plate Compactor 75 Y Y




Address









56A Covil Ave, Te Atatu South Commercial Plate Compactor 84 Y Y











27 Alwyn Ave, Te Atatu South Residential Plate Compactor 76 Y Y








Address









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