TD Construction in Indo -...
Transcript of TD Construction in Indo -...
11/12/2014
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DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers
Principal, DS&P
DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers
http://www.davysukamta.com
TERIMA KASIHTERIMA KASIHTERIMA KASIHTERIMA KASIH
News / Articles
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Jakarta, the Capital of Indonesia
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Complex Basement Construction in Very Congested Urban Environtment
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Complex Basement Construction in Very Congested Urban Environtment
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DEEP BASEMENT IN DENSE URBAN CONDITION
Design Consideration:
- Depth of Excavation- Type of Soil- Water Table- Adjacent Structure / Site Constraints- Sequence of Works- Excavation Methodology- Construction Details
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SUPPORT
GROUND ANCHOR
STRUT : Steel or RC slab (top down)
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� Top-Down Construction
� Semi Top-Down Construction
TDC enables the superstructureand the underground structureto be built simultaneously
Semi TDC makes use of thestiff RC slab as struts, startingthe construction from theground to the bottom
Use of RC Slab as Struts
DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers
Use of RC slab as strut gives the required
rigid support for the diaphragm wall
Work progressed simultaneously for the
basement and the super-structure, saving
construction time
Design MUST reflect the actual sequence of
work. DETAILING is tedious and complex
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DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers
Construction Method
Load Path
Strutting
System
Choice ofKing-Post
Sequence of Work
Top-Down Construction
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The Key Component
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Where to install the 1st slab
Installing the KingpostCasting Concrete under the Slab
Connect RC Slab to KingpostSteel Rebar Passing Through Kingpost
Soil Removal: Skip Floor or Not? Construction Holes?
LL for Working Platform Depends onEquipment And Method of Work
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Soil Removal
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Soil Removal
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� 5-level basement� Dense urban location� Wisma Metropolitan 1 +
WTC-2 + Mosque are close to the basement
� Depth of excavation 16 M� Semi Top-Down
Construction
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WTC-2
Mosque
WM-1
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Basement is located very close to adjacent WTC-2,
Wisma Metropolitan 1, Mosque and future WTC-4.
Excavation reached 15.8 meters
Deformation of the retaining structure must be
minimized to avoid damaging adjacent structures
Limited access and space for work
Not possible to install ground anchors
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DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers
115 piles φ1500mm with kingpost
Bored-piles φ1200 mm without kingpost
WTC-2
WM-1
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Struttingthe Hole
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Temporary Ramp for Construction
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Stress S22 Diagram: Effect of soil pressure and openings on RC slab
Check the Stress in the SlabDue to Soil Pressure andConstruction Opening
COMPRESSION TENSION
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The Details
Use of CAD/CAMto help the Design Process
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Connection Detail:Kingpost to Slab
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Welding Quality Inspection
Shear Stud Quality Assurance
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Work on Progress:Preparation Work for B-1 Slab
(Working Platform)
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Case Study No.2: Plaza Indonesia Extension48-story + 5-level basement, 220,000 sq.m, completed in 2009
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ProjectLocation
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Basement is located very close to adjacent Grand
Hyatt hotel, e-X center and Japanese Embassy, and
excavation reached 17 meters
High water table, 1.5 – 2.0 meters below the surface
Deformation of the retaining structure must be
minimized to avoid damaging adjacent structures
Limited Construction time and space for work
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DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers
Top-Down Construction-Use RC slab as strut-Work simultaneously
upwards and downwards
The Ground floor was designedfor LL = 2000kg/sq.m (20kPa)
to take construction load
DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers
Use of RC slab as strut gives the required
rigid support for the diaphragm wall
Work progressed simultaneously for the
basement and the super-structure, saving
11 month’s construction time
On completion of B-5 level, work onsuperstructure had reached level-11
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Use of metal formwork for precision and speed of construction
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Holes for steel rebar
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Use of weldable couplerDye Penetrant Testto Check Weld Quality
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Foundation of Tower Crane
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Pipes for concrete casting
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Analysis and design of D-wall, king-postsand supporting bored-piles
must follow construction sequence
High capacity king-post and bored pileis required to take the construction load
before the RC mat is poured andsteel king-post encased in concrete
DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers
Horizontal Deflection
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Horizontal Deflection (mm)
Dep
th (
m)
Excav. To 3.7m (EL. -0.35m)
B1 and Excav. To 6.7m (-3.35m)
Bending Moment
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Bending Moment (ton.m/m)
Dep
th (
m)
Excav. To 3.7m (EL. -0.35m)
B1 and Excav. To 6.7m (-3.35m)
Shear Force
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Shear Force (ton/m)
Dep
th (
m)
Excav. To 3.7m (EL. -0.35m)
B1 and Excav. To 6.7m (-3.35m)
DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers
Horizontal Deflection
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Horizontal Deflection (mm)
Dep
th (
m)
Excav. To 15.85m (-12.5m)
Mat (t=2.5m)
Bending Moment
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Bending Moment (ton.m/m)
Dep
th (
m)
Excav. To 15.85m (-12.5m)
Mat (t=2.5m)
Shear Force
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Shear Force (ton/m)
Dep
th (
m)
Excav. To 15.85m (-12.5m)
Mat (t=2.5m)
DAVYSUKAMTA & PARTNERS, Structural Engineers
"A"-side : Adjacent to Existing Plaza Indonesia (Without Temporary Strut)
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D-Wall Bending Moment (ton.m/m )
Dep
th (
m)
Excav. To 3.7m (EL. -0.35m)
B1 and Excav. To 6.7m (-3.35m)
B2 and Excav. To 9.7m (-6.35m)
B3 and Excav. To 12.7m (-9.35m)
B4 and Excav. To 14.2m (-10.85m)
Excav. To 15.85m (-12.5m)
Mat (t=2.5m)
GWL Recovery
Bending MomentMin ≅≅≅≅ -63.5 ton.m/mMax ≅≅≅≅ 64.0 ton.m/m
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Site Condition – Oct.2006
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Adjacent to Existing Plaza Indonesia[Excavation depth = 16m]
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Envelope of D-Wall Bending Moment (ton.m/m)
Dep
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m)
Adjacent to Exist. Plz. Indo.
1st Step
Final Step
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D-Wall Horz. Deflection (mm)
Dep
th (
m)
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Adjacent to Jln. Thamrin[Excavation Depth = 14.5m]
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Envelope of D-Wall Bending Moment (ton.m/m)
Dep
th (
m)
Adjacent to Jln. Thamrin
1st Step
Final Step
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D-Wall Horz. Deflection (mm)
Dep
th (
m)
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IA-1 IB-3
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Jan2008
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Case Study No.3MENARA BANK MEGAJAKARTA
26-story, 4-level basement
Semi Top-Down Construction
Skip-floor method
Completed in 2006
Installation of King-PostTAHAP 1
Construction of Secant Pile,Bored-Pile and Kingpost
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Use Level B-1 as Working Platform TAHAP 2
Construction of Level B-1/Working Platform
TAHAP 3
Excavation to B-3 Level:Skip Floor Method
Excavation under B-1 Slab
Work on Level B-3
Starter Bars
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Steel Ramp for Access
Struttingthe Hole
TAHAP 4
Completion of B-4 level
Excavation Work Under BExcavation Work Under BExcavation Work Under BExcavation Work Under B----3 Slab3 Slab3 Slab3 Slab
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Galian Tanah P3Galian Tanah P3Galian Tanah P3Galian Tanah P3 Galian Tanah P3 dan Opening LG+P2
Use of Chemical Anchors as DowelsTransfer of Force by Shear-Friction
Preparation for mat Foundation
Casting of mat foundation + 3240 m3 in 36 hours
TAHAP 5
Constructing the B-2 Level:Inserting the RC Slab
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Constructing the B-2 Slab
Use of Chemical Anchors as DowelsTransfer of Force by Shear-Friction
Soil Excavation Under LG (B-1)
= 16,000 m3
Completed in 76 Days
Main Issue: Exercise care for Kingpost
Excavation LG-P2
(B-1 to B-3) = 25,200 m3
Completed in 48 Days
Excavation P2-P3 (B-3 s/d
B-4) dan Mat Foundation
Final Work by Manual
Excavation
Completed in 65 Days
Completed Project, 2006