TCP/IP MODEL

Short overview for OSI model; What is TCP/IP model?; How is divided; The TCP/IP structure; The Application Layer; The Transport Layer; The Internet Layer; The Network Access Layer; Simple explanation about WIRESHARK; Demonstration using WIRESHARK; Summary.

What will we do today?

By the end of this lesson we will: Know what the TCP/IP model. How is TCP/IP divided. Identify the protocols in each layer.

Objectives

Refresh your mind !!

What does “Model” mean?

What is the Protocol?OSI model has seven

layers

What is TCP/IP

Model?TCP; Transmission Control Protocol

IP; Internet Protocol

Like most networking software, TCP/IP is modeled in layers. Below, you are going to see a representation of the TCP/IP suite. This model has 4 layers, which are Application, Transport, Internet and Network Access.

How is divided (Layers)

The TCP/IP structureProtocols Layers

DNS, FTP, HTTP, POP,

SMTP,SSH, TelnetApplication

TCP and UDP Transport

IP,, ARP, RARP, IPSEC Internet

Ethernet, PPP, ADSL, ISDN Network Access

The Application Layer

Protocols: BGP, DNS, FTP, HTTP, IMAP, LDAP, NTP, POP, RIP, RPC, SIP, SMTP, SNMP, SSH, Telnet, TLS/SSL and etc.

Features:• File transfer;• Network connection services;• Remote connection services;• Email exchange

This layer is responsible for providing a reliable exchange of information.

Protocols: TCP and UDP.

The Transport Layer

Protocols: TCP and UDP.

The IP (Internet Protocol) is the most important protocol in this layer. It enables the routing of packets to remote computer.

Protocols: IP (IPv4, IPv6), ICMP, ICMPv6 , ARP, RARP, IPsec.

The Internet Layer

Protocols:

• IP: header carries information on Source IP Address, Destination IP Address, Protocol, routing information, and others;

• ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)• RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)• ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)• IPSEC (Internet Protocol Security): is similar to IP but more secure.

The Internet Layer

The network access Layer is the lowest logical layer in the model and provides specifications for how data (bits) should move over the network.

The Network Access Layer

Protocols: Ethernet, PPP, ADSL, ISDN, FDDI .

The Network Access Layer of the TCP/IP model is associated with:1. Physical Layer.2. Data Link Layer.in OSI model.

Features:

• Ethernet header carries information on Source MAC Address, Destination MAC Address.

• MAC (Media Access Control) Address is a unique identifier for each network device;

• CSMA/CD: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection;• Signal conversion (analogue/digital);• Error detection on arrival.

The Network Access Layer

Wireshark is a free and open-source 

packet analyzer. It is used for network troubleshooting, analysis,

software and education

We have tow models; OSI and TCP/IP. TCP/IP model has four layers. Application Layer has many protocols like DNS…

etc. In Transport layer we have TCP and UDP. The most important protocol in Internet layer is

IP; Network access layer has protocols like

Ethernet, ISDN, and PPP.

Summary