TCP IP 1xjkmandal.com/pdf/TCP_IP_JKM.pdf · 2018-11-14 · TCP/IP COMPONENTS TCP/IP was architected...
Transcript of TCP IP 1xjkmandal.com/pdf/TCP_IP_JKM.pdf · 2018-11-14 · TCP/IP COMPONENTS TCP/IP was architected...
J.K. J.K. J.K. J.K.
MANDALMANDALMANDALMANDAL
Dean, Faculty of Dean, Faculty of Dean, Faculty of Dean, Faculty of
Engineering, Technology & Engineering, Technology & Engineering, Technology & Engineering, Technology &
ManagementManagementManagementManagement
Professor, Department Professor, Department Professor, Department Professor, Department
ofofofof ComputerComputerComputerComputer Science Science Science Science
&&&& EngineeringEngineeringEngineeringEngineering
University of KalyaniUniversity of KalyaniUniversity of KalyaniUniversity of Kalyani
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University of KalyaniUniversity of KalyaniUniversity of KalyaniUniversity of Kalyani
Kalyani, Nadia, West Kalyani, Nadia, West Kalyani, Nadia, West Kalyani, Nadia, West
BengalBengalBengalBengalEEEE----mail:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected], , , ,
[email protected]@[email protected]@gmail.com
Mobile: 91 9434352214Mobile: 91 9434352214Mobile: 91 9434352214Mobile: 91 9434352214
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TCP / I P TCP / I P TCP / I P TCP / I P
COMPONENTS COMPONENTS COMPONENTS COMPONENTS
TCP/IP was architected machine
independent and is a client/server
technology at the application layer. A
client initiates (invokes) an
application, and servers serve the
requests of clients. Because of
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requests of clients. Because of
TCP/IP's design, TELNET (the
application for remote logons) has a
client and server, just as FIP (the
application used for file transfers) and
SMTP (the application used for E-
Mail). Notice figure 3.1 where
TELNET, FIP, SMTP, and other
services reside at the application level 2
Other application layer components
exist. X is a protocol and provides a
distributed window environment. It permits
request responses between X client
applications and an X server. X includes
the ability of an X client executing on one
machine to operate against
an X server on another machine thus
enabling a distributed windowing
environment. Some X basic components
include:
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include:
� X Server- A program providingdisplay services on a terminalsupporting graphics at therequest of an X client application.
� X Client-A program using theservices provided by an X Server.
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�X Window Manager-This programhelps in resizing windows,modifying windows, andrelocating windows.
�X Library-This contains theinterface for applicationprogramming. It consists of Clanguage subroutines. Onefunction of the XLIB is to convertX client requests
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X client requestsinto X protocol requests.
�X Toolkits-This is a softwarelibrary providing high levelfacilities for implementingbuttons, menus, etc.
�Widgets-A widget is an X window,additional data, and proceduresused toperform operations on that data.
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� Kerberos is a security protocol used withTCP/IP and operates by an authenticationserver, and by a "ticket" granting server. Forexample, a client requests a "ticket" to meet.the "ticket" granting server, thus achievingauthentication. Once authentication is achievedthe "ticket" is presented to the "ticket" grantingserver giving the client the ability to use aparticular service.
� Common Information Management Service(CMIS) is a management service offered by theCommon Management Information Protocol(CMIP). CMIP is an OSI method of network
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(CMIP). CMIP is an OSI method of networkmanagement. When CMIP managementfunctions are mapped to the TCP/IP suite ofprotocols it is called Common InformationManagement Service over TCP/IP (CMOT).When it is mapped to the TCP/IP protocol suiteit uses TCP for a transport connection. Figure 1illustrates how CMIP operates over TCP. CMIPuses Abstract Syntax Notation 1 (ASN.1), alanguage defined by Internet standarddocuments. ASN.1is a language for writing clear and uniformdata type definitions used in the managementfunction.
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� Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
uses UDP (to be discussed in greater detail later)
for a transport mechanism. It uses "traps" to
report events including variables pertaining to
the status of a host and "agents" that are
processes in a host which get and set specific
requests and additionally send trap messages. As
of this writing, SNMP is very popular for
TCP/IP management.
� Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) are programs
permitting applications to call a routine
executing a server; in turn the server returns
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executing a server; in turn the server returns
variables and return codes to the requester.
Simply, it is a mechanism implemented to
support distributed computing via a
client/server model.
� Network File Server (NFS) is a collection of
protocols produced by SUN Microsystems and
uses a distributed file system allowing multiple
computers supporting NFS to access each other's
directories transparently.7
� Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) uses UDP;
it has no security such as FTP that utilizes TCP
as a transport mechanism. It is a very simple
means of file transfer and not robust when
compared to FTP.
� Domain Name Service, also called the Domain
Name System (DNS), is a distributed database
system of IP addresses and aliases. It resolves
addresses of hosts in order to
establish contact with the target host. DNS was
'created to solve the problem of maintaining a
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'created to solve the problem of maintaining a
host file on each host participating in' a TCP/IP
network. The host file consists of IP addresses
and aliases, and each time a host or network is
added or taken
away the host file would need changing. DNS
was designed to forego the constant updating of
each host file on every host.
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