TCJ 2O Exam ReviewTCJ 2O Exam ReviewTCJ 2O Exam ReviewTCJ 2O Exam Review

This is everything that you will need to study for your exam

CONCRETECONCRETE

What are the 4 main What are the 4 main ingredients in concrete?ingredients in concrete?

• CementCement• Course AggregatesCourse Aggregates• Fine AggregatesFine Aggregates• WaterWater

How long do you cure a concrete How long do you cure a concrete slab for?slab for?

• 7 Days

Name 4 different ways to Name 4 different ways to cure a concrete slab. Which cure a concrete slab. Which

way is best?way is best?•Cover with sandCover with sand•StrawStraw•TarpTarp•Burlap sacBurlap sac•SealantSealant•Water is bestWater is best

In house construction, what In house construction, what is the lowest point of the is the lowest point of the

foundation that sits on the foundation that sits on the groundground

• The footing is the lowest part of the foundation

Weeping tile, what are they used Weeping tile, what are they used for, where do they go and what for, where do they go and what

are they covered with? are they covered with?

•Weeping tile surrounds footing to drain water away from the foundation•The tile is covered with minimal 6” of washed stone

What are footings placed on?What are footings placed on?

•Undisturbed soil•Soil that has been compacted to 100%

What holds the sill plate in place What holds the sill plate in place on the foundation?on the foundation?

•Anchor Bolts

Why is rebar placed in concrete?Why is rebar placed in concrete?

•To increase the tensile strength

What holds the concrete walls in What holds the concrete walls in place on the footing?place on the footing?

•Keyway•Steel Dowels

When does concrete reach When does concrete reach design strength?design strength?

•28 days

Know the parts of a concrete Know the parts of a concrete wall.wall.

•Demonstration on board

FramingFraming

Advantage and disadvantage of Advantage and disadvantage of a wood beam.a wood beam.

•Advantage: •Readily available•Cheaper•Last longer in a fire

•Disadvantage:•Shorter spans

Advantage and disadvantage of Advantage and disadvantage of a steel beam.a steel beam.

•Advantage::•Stronger•Longer Spans

•Disadvantage::•Must be ordered from out of town (pre-ordered)•Doesn’t hold up as long in a fire• Cost

Name three ways that you Name three ways that you can hold floor joist up in a can hold floor joist up in a

househouse

• Wood Beam• Steel Beam• Load Bearing Partition (LBP)

What is the most common type What is the most common type of wood used in home building of wood used in home building

in Northern Ontarioin Northern Ontario

• Spruce is the most common in Northern Ontario

What is the first wood member What is the first wood member attached to the foundation? How attached to the foundation? How

is it attached?is it attached?  

•Sill Plate•Anchor Bolts Bolts

What is placed under sill plate to What is placed under sill plate to eliminate small gaps and acts as eliminate small gaps and acts as a barrier between the concrete a barrier between the concrete

and wood member?and wood member?  

•Sill Gasket

What are the two types of loads What are the two types of loads in a house? Give examples of in a house? Give examples of

each.each.  •Live Load

•Refrigerator•Couch•Movable items

•Dead Load•Structure•Walls and Floors

What are the advantages of What are the advantages of engineered floor joists?engineered floor joists?

  •Span longer distances•Environmentally friendly

What is a span?What is a span?  

•Distance between two supporting points

What can be done to increase What can be done to increase allowable spans?allowable spans?

  •Glue and screw the floor sheathing•Decrease joist spacing•Use an Engineered floor system

What is bridging and what does What is bridging and what does it do?it do?

•Support between the floor joistsSupport between the floor joists•They can be a solid block or cross They can be a solid block or cross supportssupports•Keeps your joists straight, adds Keeps your joists straight, adds lateral support and disperses the lateral support and disperses the loadload

What are the most common What are the most common spacings in residential spacings in residential

construction?construction?

•12” o.c.•16” o.c.•24” o.c.

What is R-ValueWhat is R-Value 6”= R-? , 4”= R-? 6”= R-? , 4”= R-?

•The resistance of transfer of heat from a warm area to a cold area•6” = R20 or R22•4” = R12 or R13

What does an air barrier do and What does an air barrier do and where does it go?where does it go?

•Air barrier keeps the moisture and wind out of structure while allowing structure to breath•Goes on the outside wall under the siding

Where do we place the vapour Where do we place the vapour barrier and what does it do?barrier and what does it do?

•We place it on the warm side of the wall.

Why must exterior sheathing have Why must exterior sheathing have a 2mm gap?a 2mm gap?

• You require to have a 2mm gap to allow for expansion

Why do we use insulation?Why do we use insulation?

• To increase the R-value which reduces the transfer of heat from a warm zone to a cold zone

• It keeps your home warmer

Roof trusses vs rafters Roof trusses vs rafters (advantages, (advantages,

disadvantages, support, disadvantages, support, spacing etc…)spacing etc…)

• Roof trusses do not require inside support

• Rafters cannot span as long but they are spaced closer

WoodworkingWoodworking

When should safety glasses When should safety glasses be worn in the construction be worn in the construction

shop?shop?

• Safety glasses should be worn at all times in the shop

• If anyone is working with any tools, glasses must be put on by everyone

Where should you stand Where should you stand when cutting on the table when cutting on the table

saw?saw?

• Stand to the left

Name 4 different types Name 4 different types of wood joints.of wood joints.

• Mitre Joint• Lap joint• Mortise and Tenon• Dado• Rabbet• Butt

Summary of Wood JointsSummary of Wood Joints

Wood Joints

Name: Lap Joint

Strength: Strength of Joint

Weakness: Fasteners are shown

Name: Mitre Joint

Strength: Decorative Joint

Weakness: No strength to joint

Name: Dovetail Joint

Strength: Strength

Weakness: Setup time to create

Name: Dowel Joint

Strength: Fasteners can be hidden

Weakness: Setup time to create

Name: Butt Joint

Strength: Simple/Fast

Weakness: Fasteners are shown

Name: Dado Joint

Strength: Strength/Professional

Weakness: Setup time to create

Name: Rabbet Joint

Strength: Simple/Provides support

Weakness: End grain exposed

Name: Mortise & Tenon

Strength: Strength/Appearance

Weakness: Setup time to create

What do annular rings on the What do annular rings on the end of a piece of wood end of a piece of wood

signify and how do we use signify and how do we use this when building a this when building a

project?project?

• They represent the annual growing cycle of each year which shows the age of the tree

• They also represent the heart and bark sides so that they can be rotated to minimize warping

What size board is What size board is equal to one board equal to one board

foot?foot?

• A board that is 1” thick and measures 1’ x 1’ or 12” x 12”

Why do we glue several Why do we glue several small pieces of wood to small pieces of wood to

make larger pieces?make larger pieces?

• We glue several pieces of small wood to make wider one to reduce warping and cracking due to shrinkage

What steps are required to What steps are required to take a piece of rough take a piece of rough

lumber and bring it down lumber and bring it down to exact size?to exact size?

A. Cut to rough length (mitre saw)B. Remove warpage on 1 face and

1 edge (jointer)C. Bring to exact thickness (planer)

……continuedcontinued

D. Rip to exact width (table saw)E. Square one end and cut,

measure exact length and cut (mitre saw)

Give examples of layout toolsGive examples of layout tools

• Layout tools are those that help you mark your wood

• E.g. try square, combination square, measuring tape, t-bevel, ect……..

What would you use to transfer What would you use to transfer a layout line from one piece of a layout line from one piece of

wood to another?wood to another?

• You would use a sliding T-bevel

ToolsTools

What safety precautions must What safety precautions must you take when changing a blade you take when changing a blade

on the table saw?on the table saw?

• Power switch must be turned off but you must also TAG OUT to isolate the power to the machine

What part keeps wood What part keeps wood from being thrown from being thrown back at operator back at operator

(table saw)?(table saw)?

• Anti kickback fingers

What part keeps wood What part keeps wood from coming back from coming back

together (table together (table saw)?saw)?

• splitter

How high should the blade How high should the blade guide be above your work when guide be above your work when

cutting on the band saw?cutting on the band saw?

• No more than 3/8” or a pencil width

On the disk sander, where On the disk sander, where should you place your should you place your

wood and why?wood and why?

• You should place your wood on the downstroke side

• Reduces dust in your face• Have better control of your wood

When is a push stick needed When is a push stick needed on the jointer, when can you on the jointer, when can you

use your hands but where use your hands but where should your hands never should your hands never

cross cross

• Anything lower than then fence• You can use your hands if the

wood is above the fence but hands should not cross cutterhead

Construction MathConstruction Math

How to read a measuring How to read a measuring tape? Label the tape? Label the

dimensions.dimensions.

• You will have a picture of a measuring tape and you will have to label the dimensions

Estimate board feet and cost Estimate board feet and cost of a project using proper of a project using proper

formula for full marksformula for full marks

• Thickness x width x length 144Equals board feet• Total board feet x cost per bd. FtEquals cost Don’t forget your statement for full marks

Blueprint ReadingBlueprint Reading

• You will be asked to answer questions that relate to the blueprint you used for your assignment, please see me if you are not sure how to do this

Thanks for the Great Thanks for the Great YearYear

Thanks for the Great Thanks for the Great YearYear

Good luck on your Good luck on your examsexams

Good luck on your Good luck on your examsexams