TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Transcript of TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 1/37
Power Sector Reforms &Information Technology
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 2/37
A genda
Need for Reforms
Reforms in Power Sector
Regulations
Impact
Role of IT
System Overview
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 3/37
Need for Reforms
Objective of integrated National Grid
5 regional grids working at varying grid frequency
Integration needs Frequency Normalization means proactive load management
A lternative Insulation thro HVDC links Expensive
Regional surplus & shortages
Surplus in east and shortage in south
Continued functioning at non-standard grid frequency
Damage to Generator & End User equipment
Hidden cost passed to customer in long term
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 4/37
Central Vs State Generators
Capital cost Vs Variable cost
Beneficiaries not liable to pay fixed cost for their allocated
share if not drawing
Increased cost of energy for beneficiaries drawing energy
Generation even without demand
High grid frequency
Need for Reforms (contd)
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Reforms in Power Sector
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 6/37
Reforms in tariff structure of bulk power
Better system operations
Better grid discipline
through commercial incentives & disincentives
Ideal Grid Frequency = 50 Hz
Objective
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Reforms
Electricity A ct 2003
Replaced Electricity (Supply) A ct 1948
Regulations
A vailability Based Tariff ( A BT)
Merit Order Dispatch (MOD)
Plant Performance
Energy Management
SEB Trifurcation
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Regulations
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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A vailability Based Tariff ( A BT)
Deals with tariff structure for bulk power
Performance based tariff for supply based tariff
System of rewards and penalties seeking to enforce day ahead
pre-committed schedules (One & One-half hours in advance)
Promote responsibility & accountability in power generation
Paradigm shift from max power to max reliability
A path to deregulated power market
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 10/37
A BT Components
Capacity charges (Fixed)
Payable against declared capacity of station for allocated capacity rather than actual
consumption
Full fixed charges payable at PLF of 68.49% Incentive @ 0.4 % of equity for each percentage increase between 70-85%. Beyond 85% it
is 0.3%
Energy charges (Variable)
A s per actual consumption
Unscheduled Interchange (UI) charges: Penalty that dependson severity of deviation. Payable/recoverable if:
Generator generates more, thereby increasing frequency;
Generator generates less than the schedule, thereby decreasing frequency;
Beneficiary overdraws power, thereby decreasing frequency;
Beneficiary under draws power, thereby increasing frequency
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 11/37
Merit Order Dispatch
Objective from maximum production to optimal production
Multiple unit power plant to identify optimum loading for
each unit to save on operational costs
Identify units to bring online / offline to meet plant demand
at minimum operating cost
Dispatching least cost power in preference to more costly
power
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 12/37
Trifurcation
State Electricity Boards (SEBs) trifurcated as shown
Holding Company
Generation
Company
Transmission
Company
Distribution
Company
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Impact of A BT GENCO
Advanced control & monitoring systems to closely monitor ex-bus
output of plant
Generation should closely follow 15-minute schedule
Integrated information & communication system To capture data from all components
Unscheduled downtime is not very acceptable in the ABT regime
MOD to ensure economic operation
Cost of generation, ramping, start up & shut down of each unit varies
Performance calculation for each unit of plant Corresponding optimization to be done
Pro-active management plan
Unscheduled deviation from power generation schedule incur considerable penalties
Unexpected downtime of power plant should not occur
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 14/37
Impact of A BT TR A NSCO
Improved and efficient transmission systems
More generation capacity being added
Bottleneck in transmission to be avoided
Better forecasting systems
Vested with role of coordination between consumers & generators
Better communication and information systems
Communicate 15 min generation & consumption schedule to each party
Convey any unforeseen change in such a schedule
Improved metering & billing system
Ensure adequate metering capabilities for proper implementation of tariff structure
Specialized energy meters that keep track of 15-min energy aggregates & frequency for
each interval to take care of energy charges and UI charges
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Impact of A BT DISCOM
Enhanced load forecasting system
Consumer expected to stick to schedule of 96 intervals of 15-minute for each day
Failure to comply will attract penalty - UI charges
Basis of entering into commercial agreements with generating utilities
Reliable communication and information infrastructure
Load forecasting solution highly reliant on historical data for accuracy
To ensure smooth coordination with RLDC
Provision for in-house generation
Captive power plants - going to be more & more popular during transition to
decentralized & deregulated power market
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Business Objective
To generate & export electricity
Maximize output at lowest input
Maximizing returns require following A
BT demand curve
Eff iciency
Minimize Cost Maximize Returns
Input Output
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 17/37
Regulations Organization Mapping
Company
Power Plants
Units
ABT, Energy Management
Merit Order Dispatch
Plant Per f ormance
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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A BT Regime
Revenue calculation for GENCO depends on
A vailable capacity of plant
Implemented schedule
Grid Frequency
A ctual energy export
A pplicable tariff model
To maximize revenue & minimize input cost Generation to closely follow demand schedule
Optimal loading of plant units
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tcil-26-power-sector-reforms-it1807200 19/37
Role of IT
Monitor various online real-time plant parameters from
different generating stations
Establish a full-fledged Generation Control Room for
performance diagnosis & optimization
Provide suitable connectivity between each power station
& Control Room
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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IT Solution
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Software
HQ Level
A BT Optimization for UI Revenue Maximization
Economic Load Dispatch
Online Plant Performance Monitoring
Plant Level
Power Plant Monitoring for each Unit
Online Performance Monitoring & Calculation for each Unit
Merit Order Despatch (MOD) at Plant level
Dispatch Monitoring for Switchyard Energy Meters
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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ABT Optimization for UI Revenue Maximization
A bility to optimize tariff by maximizing UI revenue
Generate invoices on basis of total energy exported & applicable UI charges
A ccount auxiliary consumption of plant for billing purpose
A ccount for operations of Peak Load plants & grid maintenance
A ccount for cost of operating (Supply of Reactive power, Startup/ Stop operations)
plant for these purposes, as & when they are made applicable
Economic Load Dispatch
Calculate individual plant OLC schedule for all power plants
Provide online communication between LDC & GCR regarding generation schedule
Online Plant Performance Monitoring
Close monitoring of power plants & generating automatic deviation alerts at
appropriate times
HQ Level Functions
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Plant Level Functions
Power Plant Monitoring for each Unit
Integrated information & communication system to capture unit data
Calculate various plant parameters for each unit performance.
Suggest operator for effects of varying plant parameters
Online Performance Monitoring & Calculation for each Unit
Monitor different plant parameters that may affect plant performance such as
superheat temperature, reheat temperature, inlet/ outlet temperatures, excess air
ratio etc.
Merit Order Despatch (MOD) at plant level
Support simulation facilities
Facilitate in determining optimal loading of plant units
Dispatch monitoring for switchyard energy meters
Close monitoring of switchyard energy meters to compare actual generation against
scheduled generation
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Broad Workflow
Generation Capacity Estimation by Plant
Fuel Reserves Maintenance & Outage Information
Load Despatch Center
OLC
Tariff CalculationImplemented Schedule
ABT, PPA
Tariff Modeling
GenerateInvoice
MOD Engine
Load Forecasting
Plant Per f ormance
Day Ahead Schedule
Grid Management Variation
Actual Energy Export
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Software Features - A BT
Open communication architecture
Easy to use configuration utility
Flexible tariff calculation & UI charges module
Invoices in user-defined format
Reports and trends
Exporting reports & other data
Collecting 15-minute block aggregate data from meters &
storing in A BT server
Monitoring actual generation Vs scheduled generation
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Software features - MOD
Capability to handle multiple units
Use of historical data to generate a best-fit cost curve for the
unit
Configuring individual units with historical data and
operating constraints
Unit commitment approach based on maintenance schedule,
minimum up and downtimes to be imposed on each unit
A llows users to perform simulation
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Communication Backbone
HQ
Plant
Plant
Load Dispatch
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8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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APPLICATIO
I TERFACE
DATA ACCESS
CO TROL
DATA LA ER
DATA STORAGE
GEN. SCH. ENGINE
GEN. TAR. ENGINE
TARIFF MOD. ENGINE
REPORTS
TARIFF CALCULATION
QUER
DATA EXPORT
MODULE
Data Layer
ABT Engine
MANUAL DATA
DCS/DAS DATA
NON-DCS DATA
Generation Control Room
Parameters f rom
units in plants
System A rchitecture
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Data A cquisition
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Non-DCS Unit Implementation
RTU 1
Terminal Server
RTU n
MOD Server
MUX
Other data
RTU 2
Signal Splitter
Control
Room
Analog Cards Plotters
RTU / Data Concentrator
TransducersControllers
Router
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Challenges
DCS Units:
OPC compliance (tag, value and timestamp)
Tags vary from unit to unit 1 tag list for each DCS - Depends on commissioning
Non OPC Compliant Interface Bus would require protocol gateways
A dditional licensing cost or additional one-time licensing cost for implementing protocol gateways
Non-DCS Units:
Synchronization between DCS & non-DCS units
Selecting minimum critical parameters to be monitored by GCR
A standard parameter list for all non-DCS units will not work
Parameters A nalog or Digital
Identifying location of critical analog signal
Parallel tapping of signal with without affecting current setup
Real time V/s Polling Frequency
Historical data availability
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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System Overview
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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System Components
Data A cquisition System
Communication Infrastructure at Plant
Communication Backbone
Communication Infrastructure at HQ
Software solution at plant & HQ level
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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System in nutshell
Data A cquisition
Capturing plant parameters
MOD Calculations
Calculating various plant performance parameters for each unit at plant
level
Data capture from A BT meters
Monitoring performance of each unit and plant in control room
A BT Calculations
Calculating applicable tariff for each beneficiary
8/4/2019 TCIL 26 Power Sector Reforms & IT_1807200
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Questions & A nswers