Taxonomy Annona / Rollinia V-Congressso-Annonaceae 20130820
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Taxonomy of Annonaceae Annona - Rollinia Botucatu 2013-08-20
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Transcript of Taxonomy Annona / Rollinia V-Congressso-Annonaceae 20130820
Taxonomy of AnnonaceaeAnnona - Rollinia
Botucatu 2013-08-20
W Hemisphere genera 34 (+1) / ~1000 (~110 / 2500 )
Anaxagorea ( 23 / 4 ) Duguetia ( 88 / 3 ) Pseudephedranthus ( 1 )
Annona ( 191 / 1 / 4 )(incl. Raimondia, Rollinia)
Ephedranthus ( 7 ) Pseudomalmea ( 4 )
Asimina ( 11 )(incl. Deeringothamnus)
Froesiodendron ( 3 ) Pseudoxandra ( 23 )
Bocagea ( 2+1 ) Fusaea ( 2 ) Ruizodendron ( 1 )
Bocageopsis ( 4 ) Guatteria ( 295 )(incl. Guatteriella, Guatteriopsis, Heteropetalum)
Sapranthus ( 6 )
Cardiopetalum ( 3 ) Hornschuchia ( 10 ) Stenanona ( 7 )
Cremastosperma ( 29 ) Klarobelia ( 12 ) Terameranthus ( 6 )
Cymbopetalum ( 27 ) Malmea ( 6 ) Tridimeris ( 2 )
Desmopsis ( 14 ) Mosannona ( 14 ) Trigynaea ( 8 )
Diclinanona ( 3 ) Onychopetalum ( 2 ) Unonopsis ( 48 )
Duckeanthus ( 1 ) Oxandra ( 29 ) Xylopia ( 158 )
Porcelia ( 7 )
Annonaceae
neotrop NAm neotrop - Afr neotrop - As MAm – aff As pantropical
Botucatu 2013-08-20
monograph
Morphology – Leaf, Flower, Inflorescence, Fruit, SeedAnatomy – Wood, Leaf, Flower, Embryology, Fruit, SeedUltrstructure – PalynologyKaryologyPhytochemistryEcology – Phenology and Pollination Biology, Fruit DispersalUses, Vernacular Names, ArchaeobotanyIUCN red list categories
ClassificationTaxonomyPhylogeny
Botucatu 2013-08-20
Annona
Annona / Rollinia / Rolliniopsis
monographs
Fries R. E. (1931) Revision der Arten einiger Annonaceen-Gattungen. II. Annona. – Acta Horti Berg. 10 (2): 197-315.
102 species / 17 Sections / 810 collections / 19 herbariafor 32 species fruits were unknown
Fries R. E. (1934) Revision der Arten einiger Annonaceen-Gattungen. III. Rollinia. –Acta Horti Berg. 12 (1): 112-190.55 species / 8 sections
Fries R. E. (1934) Revision der Arten einiger Annonaceen-Gattungen. III. Rolliniopsis. – Acta Horti Berg. 12 (1): 191-196. 4 species / 2 Sections
Fries R. E. (1959) Annonaceae.In: Engler A. & Prantl K. (eds.): Nat. Pflanzenfam. 17a/II: 1-117. – Berlin: Duncker & Humblodt.Annona 109 / Rollinia 55 / Rolliniopsis 3
field work – only one trip to Manaus, Brasil in 1960Botucatu 2013-08-20
Annona / Rollinia / Rolliniopsis
monographs
Maas P. J. M., Westra, L. Y. Th. et al (1992) Rollinia. – Fl. Neotropica 57: 1-190.
• Rollinia: 42 (+2) species / 6 groups, ~2500 collections / 62 herbaria• field work: before work started
Botucatu 2013-08-20
Morphology – Leaf, Flower, Inflorescence, Fruit, SeedAnatomy – Wood, Leaf, Flower, SeedPalynology / Karyology / PhytochemistryEcology – Pollination, PestsUses, Vernacular Names
Taxonomy (Classification)
Annona
Linnaeus 1753 Species plantarum (starting point for binomial nomenclature) Polyandria / Polygynia incl. annonaceous genera Uvaria and Annona
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Citation Hortus Cliffortianus
Species Plantantarum
Marcgraf bras. 1648 *
Piso bras. 1658 *
Ray hist. 1686-88 *
Pluk. alm. 1696 * *
Sloan. jam. 1696 **
Comm. hort. 1697 * *
Plum. gen. 1703 * *
Mer. surin. 1705 *
Sloan. hist. 1707-25 * *
L. Hort. Cliff. 1738 *
Gron. virg. 1739-43 *
Roy. lugd. 1740 *
Herm. lugd. *
monographs
prelinnean Literature
Botucatu 2013-08-20
Annona / Rollinia / Rolliniopsis
Annona
Plumier 1703 Annona muricata – Guanabanus
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Annona
Annona squamosa ( icono Sloane 1725 Voy. Jamaica tab. 227 )
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Annona
Annona squamosa – 亞大果子 Yá tà Kó ҫù – Boym (1656) Fl. sinensis
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Annona
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http://plants.jstor.org – Global Plants Initiative 309 institutions digitize their type collectionAugust 2013 – 1.9 m specimens online
Annona
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http://plants.jstor.org/specimen/bm000839134?s=tspecimen @ BM cultivated 1777 in the Hortus Kewensis
Annona
Annona cherimola Mill. ( holo BM - herb. Philipp Miller )Botucatu 2013-08-20
Annona
Herbarium work
119 herbaria
visited ( 82) specimens on loan ( 63 ) desiderata ( 3 )
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Annona
Herbarium PR – Průhonice, CZ Botucatu 2013-08-20
Annona
Field work
Cuba 2000, 2001
Mexico 1998
Costa Rica 1993
Peru 1988, 1994 2008
Venezuela 1995, 1996
Brasil 1994, 20062009
Colombia 1994, 2008
Panama 2008
Ecuador 2007, 2008
Bolivia 2007
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Guatemala 2011
Honduras 2010
life forms
Annona
a) Annona warmingiana (pygmaea), b) A. amazonica
a
b
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life forms
Annona
Annona sprageui
a
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Annona
a) Annona subnubila, b) A. glabra, c) A. hayesii d) A. dioica, e) A. globiflora
a d e
b
c
flowers
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Annona
a) Annona crassiflora, b) A. glabra, c) A. hayesii, d) A. hypoglauca, e) A. duckei, f) A. deminuta, g) A. pittieri
a b c
d e f g
fruits
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Rollinia
a b
a) Annona hispida, b) & d) A. sp. nov., c) A. papilionella, e) A. neosericea
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c d e
flowers
Rollinia
c d e
a) Annona andicola, b) A. rensonianac) A. glomerulifera, e) A. hispida, f) A. neosericea
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a b
fruits
Raimondia
Annona quinduensis
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Annona
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herbarium work
Herbarium QCNE – Herbario Nacional de Ecuador, Quito
Annona
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Herbarium specimens
Neill et al. 6160 – Rollinia Maas et al. 1997: Rollinia chrysocarpa Annona chrysocarpa
Annona
a) Annona glabra, b) A. aligera, c) A. salicifolia, d) A. rosei, e) A. aurantiaca
a b c d e
leaf shape
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Annona
a) percurrent – Annona dumetorum, b) reticulate – A. aurantiaca c) percurrent – A. salicifolia, d) areolate – A. deminuta
a
c
b
d
leaf venation patterns
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Annonaleaf – cuticular foldings
a b
c d
Annona pruinosa – a) lower leaf surface, b) close upAnnona cornifolia – c) lower leaf surface, d) sunken stomata
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a b
c d
Annonaleaf – epicuticular wax
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a) platelets – Annona dioica, b) irregular granules – A. pruinosac) rodlets – A. macrocalyx, d) membraneous platelets – A. neglecta
Annonaindument
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a) simple erect – Annona cordifolia, b) twin erect – A. prevostiaec) multiple (“stellate”) – A. dioica, d) curly – A. sclerophylla
a b
c d
Annonaflower parts
Annona amazonica – a) flower(bud), 2 external and 1 interal petal removedAnnona squamosa – b) carpel, open ventral sutureAnnona malmeana – c) stamen with extrorse anthers, d) connective shield, e) attachment by vascular bundles
a b c e
d
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Annonastamens
a) Annona senegalensis – stamen dorsal view, b) stomac) Annona montana – stomad) Annona sericea – stoma
a
c
b
d
Annona ambotay – outer staminodial ring
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Annonaanatomy – seeds – ruminations
a d e
Annona cherimola – a) seed, b) endosperm, c) foliar ruminationsAnnona sericea – d) endosperm, e) peg-shaped ruminations
b c
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palynology – pollen / tetrad size
Annona
100 µ
60 µ
30 µ
20 µ
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a) Annona purpurea 2x
b) A. coriacea 6x
c) A. malmeana ?
d) A. macrocalyx ?
e) A. scandens ?
f) A. macroprophyllata (diversifolia) 2x
g) A. liebmanniana
h) A. ambotay 2x
i) A. cherimola 2x
j) A. reticulata 2x
k) A. conica ?
a b c
d e c
f g h
i j k
palynology – exine sculpturing
Annona
a b c
d e f
perforate – a ) A. bicolor, rugose – b) A. cacans, c) A. cornifoliatectate perforate – d) A. aurantiaca, e) A. coriacea, reticulate – f) A. ambotay
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palynology
Annona
Annona malmeana – a) open pollensac, b) free pollen tetrads, c) tetragonal tetrad, d-f) callosic binding system between tetrads and pollen grains
a b
c d
e f
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Annona
A) Annona ambotay, B) A. foetida, C) A. glabra, D) A. macroprophyllata, E) A. prevostiae, F) A. reticulata, G) A. montana, H) A. squamosa, I) A. liebmanniana
karyology x = 7 39 / 196
2x / 26 / all habitats
3x / 1 / cultivated
4x / 13 / cerrado, WAmaz rain forest, mangrove - cultivated
6x / 3 / cerrado - cultivated
( 8x ? / 1 / Annona sylvtica )
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karyology
A. prevostiae
A. sininni
A. foetida
A. testudinea
A. ambotay
A. macroprophyllata
A. reticulata
A. squamosa
A. glabra
A. cuspidata
Annona
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uses
Annona
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Annona
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vernacular names 653 / 47 taxa
Araticum – Annona dolabripetala, A. emarginata, A. leptopetala, A. mucosa, A. neolaurifolia, A. neosericea, A. pickelii, A. sylvatica Araticum barato do campo – Duguetia furfuraceaAraticum cagão – Annona cacans, A. emarginata, A. xylopiifoliaAraticum de cavalo – Annona emarginataAraticum do campo – Annona emarginataAraticum grande – Annona sylvaticaAraticum meúdo – Annona emarginataAraticum lanceta – Duguetia furfuraceaAraticum macho – Annona exsuccaAraticum-mirim – Annona emarginata
Annona
Botucatu 2013-08-20
taxa196 / 12 from single collection
50 studied in the field37 fotographically documented
192 Neotropics4 Africa
34 new species, yet undescribed / 7 from single collection
geographical distribution
9519 collections
7413 georeferenced
Annona
Botucatu 2013-08-20
Annona
SBC
Anaxagorea
Cananga & Ambavioids
LBC
other Magnoliales
Piptostigma/Greenwayodendron
Annickia
Miliusoid clade
Polyalthia hypoleuca comp.
Monocarpia
Eupomatiaceae
Laurales
Annonaceae
SAC clade
Bocageae
Annona, Asimina clade
Goniothalamus
Monodora, Uvaria clade
Artabotrys, Xylopia clade
Duguetia, Letestudoxa clade
Guatteria
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1516
Anonidium, Neostenanthera clade
phylogeny
familyrbcl, trnl-trnf intronChatrou et al. unpubl.
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Annona
phylogeny
subfamilyAnnonoideaeChatrou et al. 2012
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3 gene strict consensus bootstrap
trnL - rpl16 ITS2
pilannonahelogenia
macrantha
ilamaatractanthus
gamopetalum
annona
annona
annonula
annonellaatta
atta
atta
oligantha
Annona
Rollinia
phylogeny Annona (35 / 196)
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pilannonahelogenia
macrantha
ilama
atractanthus
gamopetalum
annona
annona
annonula
annonella
atta
phylogeny
molecularclockArchaeanthus & Wikström 2001
oligantha
Annona
Rollinia
cerrado – retro large fl
lianas
26
large flowers
small flowers23
23
rollinia 2.7
carib7.7
NW branch19
16.8
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geographical distribution
large pollinationchamber
Annona
- montana / Guanabano do monte- muricata / Guanabana / Graviola
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geographical distribution
small pollination chamber
Annona
- cherimola / Chirimoya- reticulata / fruta do conde- squamosa / Ata, fruta do conde
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Annonastill to do
• describe new species• complete a matrix for principal component analyses• herbarium work in INPA / CEPEC• wrap up the bits and pieces (= sabbatical)
desiderata (collaboration !)
• karyology / hybridization• complement phylogeny• flower development studies – MADSbox• field work in Cuba / Hispaniola / Jamaica & Brasil
must
• (better) time (management)
Botucatu 2013-08-20
Paul Maas (U - WAG), Wilfried MorawetzLars Chatrou (WAG), Elke Döring, Bernhard von Hagen, Martin Röser (HAL), Charlie Charvis (BM), Armando Urquiola (HPPR), Nelson Zamora (INB), Antonio Webber (UniAmaz), George Schatz (MO), Bobbi Angell, Jacky Kallunki, Mike Nee (NY), David Johnson (OWU), Álvaro Pérez (QCA), Adriana Lobão (RB), Renato Mello-Silva (SPB), Tom Wendt (TEX), Gerhard Gottsberger (ULM), Magda Chanco (USM), Otto Huber (VEN)Michael Malicky (LI), Fritz Ehrendorfer, Andrea Frosch-Radivo, Michael Hesse, Hanna Schneeweiß, Tod Stuessy, Walter Till (WU), Anton Igersheim, Ernst Vitek, Bruno Wallnöfer (W)
curatorsA, ALCB, AAU, AMAZ, B, BAB, BH, BIGU, BM, BOLV, BP, BR, BSC, C, CAY, CEN, CHAPA, COAH, COL, CR, CUVC, CUZ, CVRD, E, EAP, ECON, EHH, ENCB, F, FDG, FHO, FI, FT, G, GB, GH, GJO, GOET, GUA, GUAT, GUAY, HAC, HAJB, HAL, HB, HPPR, HRB, HUA, HUEFS, IAN, IBGE, ICA, IJ, INB, INPA, IPA, JAUM, JE, K, L, LAGU, LE, LI, LINN, LL, LOJA, LPB, LZ, M, MA, MBM, MEDEL, MEXU, MG, MICH, MO, MY, NA, NY, OXF, P, PH, PI, PMA, PORT, PR, PRC, QCA, QCNE, R, RB, S, SCZ, SEL, SP, SPB, SPF, STRI, TEFH, TEX, TFAV, TO, U, UB, UCWI, ULM, UPS, US, USM, USZ, UVAL, VEN, W, WAG, WIS, WRSL, WU, XAL, Z, ZT
Austrian Academy of Sciences, Natural History Museum Vienna, University of Vienna
agradecimientos
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obrigado gracias
dank/e
sp. nov.
Photo G. SchatzPhotos P. Fiaschi 20070817
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Annona borboleta
