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TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Development of the text entry Development of the text entry self-training system self-training system
for people with low visionfor people with low vision
Tatiana Evreinova
Multimodal Interaction Research Group
Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
ContentsContents
background (3)
earlier studies / phase 1 (1)
methodology (4)
results (5)
future investigation and applications (1)
earlier studies / phase 2 (2)
forthcoming research (1)
references (1)
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
ProblemsProblems
– screen magnification software reduces visual field,
evokes image distortion and eyes fatigue
– alternative keyboards cannot emulate habitual
combinations of QWERTY keyboard
– age-related diseases and disorders, most notably
diabetes, can devastate tactile sensitivity
– conventional peripheral displays are expensive devices
for consumer
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
GoalsGoals
– to develop multisensory approach at typing training by
combining tactile, kinesthetic and visual modalities
– to design the text-entry self-training system using a minimal
resources of the visual perception and natural anatomical
position of the fingers on the keyboard
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Features of visual perceptionFeatures of visual perception
within paracentral area (±20º) color vision is existing
and could be used during the text-input process
http://www.yorku.ca/faculty/academic/pkaiser/eye/retdist.html
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Earlier studies / Phase 1Earlier studies / Phase 1
a variant of the
compressed light code
was developed using one
two-color LED and its
stimulation through the
blinking dot on the screen
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Modifications in Blinking alphabet Modifications in Blinking alphabet
Table 1 Two versions of letters – before and after modification
Letter1st color
unit2nd color
unit3rd color
unit4th color
unit1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
E
L
M
T
W
E
L
M
T
W
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
ApparatusApparatus
the peripheral display
consists of only the single
light emitting diode, which
was coupled with the
glasses and placed close
to unfocused peripheral
position peripheral monitor in working condition
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
the keyboard and loudspeakers
were positioned on a
separate desk away from the
experimenter’s host machine in
special usability
laboratory
Testing (1/2)Testing (1/2)
experimental setup
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
subjects had two days practice
sessions prior data collection
formal experiment has taken
six days
Testing (2/2)Testing (2/2)
monitoring of the testing on the examiner side
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Results / Text entry speed (1/2)Results / Text entry speed (1/2)
the average performance of the entry speed without training (first session)
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Results / Text entry speed (2/2)Results / Text entry speed (2/2)
the average performance of the entry speed in the end of testing (sixth session)
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Results / Error rateResults / Error rate
lowering of errors (%) with acquiring of the practice
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Results / Dynamics of the typing trainingResults / Dynamics of the typing training
the total times of the test completion for whole experimental session (s)
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Results / PreferencesResults / Preferences
Training mode
Rating through 6 experimental blocks
Visual feedback
3 4 6 6 6 7
Visual & speech feedback
12 12 12 11 10 10
– rating of the keyboard typing with visual feedback was
tending to increase to the end of the experimental session
– keyboard typing with visual and speech feedback was
constantly preferred through overall experimental blocks
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Future investigation and applications Future investigation and applications
– development of wearable assistive devices and
educational applications for visually impaired typists
– a method for correction of the functional state through
color lateral stimulation
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Earlier studies / Phase 2 (1/2)Earlier studies / Phase 2 (1/2)
– tactile pointer for 25 keys of the conventional keyboard
was implemented with using transparency film and
copper wire
– the textured pattern has well recognized tactile
markers: angles and lines
– virtual keys were grouped
and several positions were
destined to switch a state
of functional groups
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Earlier studies / Phase 2 (2/2)Earlier studies / Phase 2 (2/2)
pilot experiments shown
that during blind
manipulations tactile
feedback allows to
facilitate detection of
different positions of touch
screensnapshot of the program
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
Forthcoming researchForthcoming research
– based on earlier studies tactile pointer for 15 keys of
the conventional keyboard was implemented
– the software for testing the structure of color patterns
during real time manipulations
with touch screen using
Tactile Pointer currently
under construction
– pilot experiments are planned
TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction
ReferencesReferences
[1] Evreinova, T., Evreinov, G., Raisamo, R.
Communication system for the people who are deaf or
have low vision. Proceedings of the HANDICAP2002,
Paris - Porte de Versailles, June 2002, pp. 137-143.
[2] Evreinov, G., Raisamo, R. Tactile Pointer for
Touchscreen Manipulations. Proceedings of the
HANDICAP 2002, Paris - Porte de Versailles, June 2002,
pp. 115-120.