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Jamie-Ross Landeg

Sustainability and Steel

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Agenda

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1 Introduction

2 What is Sustainability?

3 Ecological Footprint

4 Sustainability at Home

5 Sustainability in Industry

6 Conclusion and Questions

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Introduction

Jamie-Ross Landeg

Background

BSc Environmental Geoscience at Cardiff University

Tata Steel Strip Products UK

Environmental Graduate – Environmental Engineer

MSc Sustainability Planning and Environmental Policy (SPEP)

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What is Sustainability?

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Google sustainability:

1998 - <250k hits

2008 - 4.8million hits

2014 – 11 million hits!

Google

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What is Sustainability?

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If we look up sustainability/ sustain in the dictionary

Sustainable (adjective):

Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level

Sustain (verb)

To supply with nourishment

To keep up/ prolong

Dictionary

But what exactly is it?!

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What is Sustainability?

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The common definition – The Brundtland Commission 1987

World leaders across the globe

Raise awareness for the need for sustainable development

The Brundtland Commission

“Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”

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The Three Pillars of Sustainability

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The Three Pillars of Sustainability

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Ecological Footprint

Measure of human demand on earths ecosystems

Standardised measure for natural capital demand

Represents the amount of land taken up

Our needs

Our waste

Describes how many earths would be used

Widely accepted and researched

Calculate your own usage:

www.myfootprint.org

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Ecological Footprint – My Demand

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Ecological Footprint – My Demand Vs. Country Average

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Ecological Footprint – My Demand on Biomes

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How Does This Affect the Earth?

Fossil fuel usage

Non renewable/ finite

C02 release

Cattle farming

10x more damaging than other agriculture

28x more land 11x more water than pork, poultry, eggs or dairy

Population increase

2014 7bn+

80m increase each year

2050 11bn

More people = More housing + mouths = = Less green space and food = unsustainable

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Why Are We Now Doing Things Different?

Industrial Revolution – 1760 – 1820/40

From hand to machines

Increased efficiency with power

Swansea – most polluted city in the world

Water pollution

Air pollution – 1873 700 killed, 1952 4000 killed

1956 first major environmental legislation Clean Air Act

Since then a massive amount of legislation

Water Framework Directive

Habitats Directive

Industrial Emissions Directive

Landfill Directive

Environment Act

Awareness

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Industrial Revolution

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Industrial Revolution

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Industrial Revolution

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Sustainability at Home – The Waste Hierarchy

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Sustainability at Home

What are you doing differently?

Recycling

Food, paper, tins, glass, plastic

Energy Saving

Energy saving lights/ appliances

Turning off lights/ appliances

Washing at 40°

Grow your own

Wise consumer choices

Sustainable sourced foods

Rainforest alliance

Fair trade

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Sustainable Development – Housing and Buildings

New development in housing market

BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Methodology)

Code for sustainable homes (CSH) run by BRE int.

Energy and CO2 emissions (M),

Water (M),

Materials (M),

Surface Water Run-off (M),

Waste (M),

Pollution,

Health and Wellbeing (M),

Management,

Ecology.

Design stage and post construction

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Sustainable Housing

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Sustainability and Steel

Steel making historically unsustainable

Energy

Raw materials

Carbonaceous material – coal, coke

Iron ore

Limestone

Oil

Gas

Multiple locations

Multiple processes

Harbour – Sinter Plant/ Coke Ovens/ Blast Furnace – BOS Plant – Concast – Hot Mill – Cold Mill – Annealing

4.5m t steel

2.2t CO2!

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Steel Making – The Conventional Blast Furnace

Where iron ore (FeO) is reduced to make iron (Fe)

Use of coal, coke, gas, iron ore and sinter, limestone

Series of chemical reactions

Hot iron 1500 °

Temperatures up to 2500 °

Used to use oil

Waste incineration directive (WID)

Produces wastes (historically)

Gas

Slag

Now recycled

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Steel Making – HIsarna Blast Furnace

Part of ULCOS

New method of sustainable steel making

Cuts out coke and sinter

Less material use and CO2 production directly and indirectly

1. Use of preheated coal – twin screw reactor – improved thermal efficiency

2. Use of Iron ore fines – cyclone – hits walls – partial reduction

3. Converter reduces not melts iron oxide - reactor

4. Iron ore is tapped off as usual

5. CO and CO2 gasses off the top

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Steel Making – HIsarna Blast Furnace

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Thank You

Any Questions