Process of Supporting EmploymentProcess of Supporting Employment

Assessment of PWDs

Job Search

Assessment of Workplace

Job Matching

Negotiation & Consultation

Intensive Support at Workplace

Natural Support

Fading & Follow-up

1. Job Duty Analysis2. Systematic Instruction

(i) Task Analysis (ii) 4Levels of

Instruction (iii) Manual & Jig

SYSTEMATIC INSTRUCTION

What is Systematic What is Systematic Instruction?Instruction?

What is Systematic What is Systematic Instruction?Instruction?Systematic instruction is an easy-

to-understand method to teach persons with disabilities to work in a self-reliant manner

5 Important Components in Systematic 5 Important Components in Systematic InstructionInstruction

Praise Task

Analysis

Minimum Interventi

on

Manual & Jigs

Position &

distance

Task AnalysisTask Analysis

Task AnalysisTask AnalysisTask analysis is a pre-teaching

preparation to develop teaching procedures by breaking the task into smaller units or actions to enable the PWDs to understand and follow the work procedure for each task with minimal error.

It is a method used to prevent inconsistent teaching approach.

When is Task Analysis When is Task Analysis needed?needed?Intensive supportFading and follow up if needed

Sample of Task AnalysisSample of Task Analysis• Operate laundry machine1.Switch on the main button.2.Open machine door.3.Put in dirty laundry.4.Put in 3 cups of soap powder.5.Choose program the menu.6.Press the “Start” button.

Why is Task Analysis Why is Task Analysis needed?needed?For employees with disabilities:

- Learn the tasks with self-reliance.

For the trainer and co-workers:- Set an effective method for PWDs to carry out the task and identify the support needed

Importance of Task Importance of Task AnalysisAnalysisFor PWDs Easy to learn Able to work with clear

perspectivesReduces the risk of making

mistakesBE more independent

Importance of Task Importance of Task AnalysisAnalysisFor Trainer/Job Coach Easy to identify process with

difficulty Consistent teaching methods &

proceduresGuide for visual aid/teaching

manual compilation

Importance of Task Importance of Task AnalysisAnalysisFor Employer Easier for employer to identify

the modified taskReduce intensive supervisionHelps record & chart progressHelps create a good support

system

Task Analysis ProcedureTask Analysis Procedure 1. Gather information for other staff

◦ Observe how the task is carried out by other staff

◦ Ask for the staff to show how the task is done◦ Request for a copy of instruction manual 2. Trainer/job coach try out the task◦ Trainer/job coach should try out the task to

understand and learn the procedure to carry out the task

◦ Note the steps/processes that may be difficult for PWDs

◦ Develop support that will help PWDs overcome the difficulties faced

Task Analysis ProcedureTask Analysis Procedure3. Prepare a task analysis

- Note down the information/instruction given to carry out the task and arrange this information/instruction in order

4. Experiment, Assess and Modify- Test the completed task analysis and make sure that the instruction is easy for PWDs to understand. Modify it if necessary.

Important Points in Important Points in Developing Task AnalysisDeveloping Task Analysis

Use simple instruction. Avoid detail instruction

One unit of action per one lineIndicate concrete standardsName the objectsName the actions

““Punch Card”Punch Card”

““Punch Card”Punch Card”1. Take own card

““Punch Card”Punch Card”1. Take own card2. Enter card to the machine with

the correct side

““Punch Card”Punch Card”1. Take own card2. Enter card to the machine with

the correct side3. Wait for a second

““Punch Card”Punch Card”1. Take own card2. Enter card to the machine with

the correct side3. Wait for a second4. Take card from machine

““Punch Card”Punch Card”1. Take own card2. Enter card to the machine with

the correct side3. Wait for a second4. Take card from machine5. Put back the card at correct

place