TARRSON FAMILY ENDOWED CHAIR IN PERIODONTICS
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Transcript of TARRSON FAMILY ENDOWED CHAIR IN PERIODONTICS
TARRSON FAMILY ENDOWED CHAIR IN PERIODONTICS
UCLA SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY
PresentsPresentsDr. E. Barrie KenneyProfessor & ChairmanSection of Periodontics
E. Barrie Kenney B.D.Sc., D.D.S., M.S., F.R.A.C.D.S.
Tarrson Family Endowed Chair in Periodontics.
Professor and Chairman Division of Associated Clinical Specialties UCLA School of Dentistry
Platelet Rich Plasma –PRP
• is obtained by sequestering and concentrating platelets by gradient density centrifugation
Platelet Rich Plasma Gel
Platelet rich plasma gel is an autologous modification of fibrin
glue made by mixing platelets and fibrinogen centrifuged from whole blood with thrombin and calcium
chloride. Increase platelet concentration in wound by more
than 300 percent.
The PRP is then mixed with calcium chloride and bovine thrombin to form clot that binds bone graft material. Bovine thrombin has been used in cardiovascular surgery and there are 32 reported cases of bleeding
disorders due to cross reactivity of bovine factor V causing antibodies to human factor
V. No cases seen in bone grafting use of PRP. Can substitute human recombinant thrombin or patient’s own thrombin separated out in a
separate protocol or extra purified bovine thrombin.
Harvest System 3i System
Average Platelets in 6 ml
1.5 million 1.2 million
Time for Isolation 15 minutes 20 minutes
Preparation of Platelet Rich Plasma (P.R.P.)
Use of general purpose centrifuges
1. 450 ml blood in citrate – phosphate anticoagulant placed in centrifuge at 5,600 rpm to get buffy coat of platelets plus leukocytes
2. Slow centrifugation of buffy coat at 2,400 rpm to obtain 30 ml of platelet rich plasma.
Takes 30 minutes and should be used within 6 hours
PDGF – Group of polypeptides that stimulate protein synthesis in bone and also stimulate bone resorption, stimulates collagen and matrix production and angiogenesis.
TGF betaβ GROUP of at least 3 polypeptides. Stimulates angiogenesis and production of collagen, ground substance, fibronectin. Inhibits osteoclasts and stimulates osteoblasts to divide.
PDEGF Stimulates proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts
PDAFStimulates new blood vessel production
IGF-1Stimulates cartilage growth, bone matrix production and replication of osteogenic stem cells
PF-4Chemoattractant for fibroblasts and PMNS
PRP mainly used in sinus lifts with autogenous bone, DFDBA or bovine
bone. Case reports suggest increased rate of bone formation.
However, in studies by FROUM et al using PRP – Bio-Oss no difference
seen in bone in sinus lifts.
• Platelet enriched plasma• Autologous thrombin
Platelet Rich Plasma plus Bio-Oss plus Biogide versus Platelet Rich Plasma and Bio-Oss
Comparison of Platelet Rich Plasma, Bovine Porous Bone Mineral and Guided Tissue Regeneration versus Platelet Rich Plasma and Bovine Porous Bone Mineral in the treatment of Intrabony defects:
a Re-entry Study
Lekovic V, Camargo PM, Weinlaender M, Vasilic N, Kenney EB
J. Periodontol 2002, 73:198
• 21 Paired Defects• 6 Males, 15 Females• 9 smokers 12 non-smokers• Mean age 40 years• 6 month clinical and re-entry data
Initial 6 Months
PRP+BioOss+ Biogide
7.81 3.62
PRP+BioOss 7.96 3.98
PRP+BioOss+ Biogide
PRP+BioOss
Attachment Gain (mm)
4.12 3.78
Bone Fill (mm)
4.96 4.82
Pocket Depth (in mm)
Platelet Rich Plasma plus Bio-Oss plus Atrisorb versus Atrisorb alone
Platelet Rich Plasma and Bovine Porous Mineral combined with guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of intrabony defects in humans.
Camargo PM, Lekovic V, Weinlaender M, Vasilic N, Madzarevic M, Kenney EB
J Periodont. Res 2002, 37:300
• 18 paired defects• 10 males 8 females• 6 smokers 12 non-smokers• Mean age 39 years• 6 month clinical and re-entry
dataAtrisorb-Polylactide in n methyl 2 pyrrolidine.
Initial 6 Months
PRP+BioOss+ Atrisorb
7.87 2.89
Atrisorb 7.78 4.16
PRP+BioOss+ Atrisorb
Artisorb
Attachment Gain (mm)
4.37 2.62
Bone Fill (mm)
4.78 2.31
Pocket Depth (mm)
Bio-Oss plus Bio-Gide plus Platelet Rich Plasma versus Flap Debridement
A Re-entry study on use of Bovine Porous bone mineral guided tissue regeneration and Platelet Rich Plasma in the treatment of intrabony defects in humans.
Camargo PM, Lekovic V, Weinlaender M, Vasilic N, Madzarevic M, Kenney EB
Int. J. Periodont. Rest. Dent. 2005, 25:49
• 28 Paired Defects
• 12 Females 16 Males
• Mean age 41.0 years
• 12 Smokers 16 Non-smokers
• Clinical and re-entry data at 6 months
Initial 6 Months
Bio-Oss+Bio-Gide+PRP
7.87 2.89
Flap Curettage 7.78 4.16
Bio-Oss+Bio-Gide+PRP
Flap Curettage
Attachment Gain (mm)
4.37 2.62
Bone Fill (mm)
4.78 2.31
Pocket Depth
Platelet Rich Plasma
Comparison between Bio-Oss/Bio-Gide/PRP
andBio-Oss/Bio-Gide
Preparing for publication
• 23 patients• Interproximal defects• Mean age 38• 9 smokers, 14 non-smokers• Re-entry 6 months
Initial 6 Months
Bio-Oss+Bio-Gide+PRP
8.19 3.31
Bio-Oss + Bio-Gide
8.11 3.95
BioOss+Biogide+PRP
BioOss + Biogide
Attachment Gain (mm) 4.38 3.56
Bone Fill (mm)
4.81 3.96
Pocket Depth (mm)
NO STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE
Control PDGF
Fibroblasts 9.3 ± 2.0 70.8 ± 14.6*Cementoblasts 0.4 ± 0.2 2.5 ± 0.5*
Osteoblasts 0.5 ± 0.2 3.6 ± 0.7*
Perivascular Cells 2.7 ± 0.6 7.2 ± 1.3
Endothelial Cells 0.7 ± 0.2 3.7 ± 1.0
HIGHLY PURIFIED RECOMBINANT PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR
Recombinant Human Platelet Derived Graft Factor with DFDBA
Periodontal Regeneration in Human Class II Furcations using Purified
Recombinant Human Platelet Derived Growth Factor – BB (rhPDGF-BB) with
Bone Allograft
Camelo M et alInt J Periodont Rest Dent 2003, 23:213
• 3 mandibular molars, 1 maxillary
• 2 got 0.5mg/ml PDGF+DFDBA
• 2 got 1.0mg/ml PDGF+DFDBA
• 9-month results
• Block sections
Vertical probing Horizontal probing Attachment
Cases Before After Before After gain
0.5mg/ml 8 2 7 4 6
0.5mg/ml 8 3 7 3 4
1.0mg/ml 6 2 5 3 4
1.0mg/ml 5 3 6 4 1
Results at 9 months (in mm)
• Histology shows regeneration coronal to notch• Bone and cementum fill furcas• One case had cementum formed over enamel projection
.
THE END
Bio-Active Molecules
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)
GEM21 SPDGF + Beta Tricalcium Phosphate (ß T.C.P.)
THE END
Platelet-Derived Growth Factorstimulates bone fill and rate
of attachment level gain: results of a large multicenter
randomized clinical trial.
Nevins M, Han TJ et al.J Perio 2005; 76:2205
Eleven centers with 180 subjects
3 groups: (1) ß T.C.P. + 0.3 mg/ml PDGF(2) ß T.C.P. + 1.0 mg/ml PDGF(3) ß T.C.P. + buffer
Included smokers up to 1 pack per day; all got tetracycline root treatment at surgery, a few got re-entry. No pocket data available.
TRI CALCIUM PHOSPHATE
PORES 1-500 MICRONS
PARTICLES 0.25 -1.00 MM.
USE OF T.C.P WITH 0.3 mg/ml P.D.G.F. AND TETRACYCLINE ROOT CONDITIONING.
6 months post surgeryfew re-entries done
1 week post surgery
6 months post surgery
THE END
Clinical Attachment Level Gains Bone Fill at 6 Months (from Radiographs)
3.53.3TCP alone
3.63.5TCP + 1.0 mg/ml PDGF
3.83.8TCP + 0.3 mg/ml PDGF
6
months
3
months
18%TCP alone
34%TCP + 1.0 mg/ml PDGF
57%TCP + 0.3 mg/ml PDGF
THE END
6-Month Pocket Depth Changes (from package insert)
4.2 mm TCP alone
4.3 mm TCP + 1.0 mg/ml PDGF
4.4 mm TCP + 0.3 mg/ml PDGF
Genetically engineered human Bone Morphogenetic Proteins increase the
amount and purity . Osteogenin is another name for B.M. P. Most
osteogenins are bound to a carrier of bovine type I collagen sponge or
other carrier.
First isolated in acid extracts of human bone by URIST in 1965. Are part of
superfamily of 43 transforming growth factor beta group. At least 16 different
proteins isolated. BMP1 not part of superfamily is a procollagen protease. BMPs secreted by osteoblasts induce
formation of osteoprogenitor cells and stimulate new bone formation.
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
BMPs 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 needed forregulation of osseous tissue and
for repair. Some are more osteoconductive, e.g., BMP2 and
BMP7 more active than BMP5.
URIST at UCLA first identified BMP in 1965.
This native BMP is present in minuteamounts (1mg per kg of bone), so
need large amounts of bone to produce. Therefore, recombinant
BMPs have been developed.
Recombinant BMPs require up to 10 times
more than native BMPs to give the same
osteogenic activity.
BMPs are assayed byintramuscular injection
into rodents and soinitiate osteogenesis.
BMPs need carrier to get effective bone initiation.
Ideal carrier still not found.
Carriers:
• Demineralized Bone Matrix• Collagen• Resorbable polymers• Calcium phosphate materials
Used human BMP (osteogenin) Collaplug and DFDBA, in humans.
Took 36 block sections from 8 subjects with submerged roots and
50 non-submerged defects in 6 patients. Used calculus as a baseline
measurement of regeneration.
Histologic comparison of Regeneration in Human Intrabony defects when Osteogenin is combined with Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bone Allograft with purified bovine collagen.
Bowers G. et alJ Periodontol. 1991, 62:690
36 Submerged DefectsNew Bone
New Cementum
New Attachment
Collaplug 0.08 0.11 0.08
Collaplug + BMP
0.20 0.08 0.05
DFDBA 2.48 1.73 1.72
DFDBA + BMP 2.70 2.35 2.33
50 Non-Submerged Defects
New Bone
New Cementum
New Attachment
Collaplug 0.78 1.26 0.74
Collaplug + BMP
0.70 1.20 0.67
DFDBA 1.32 1.75 1.31
DFDBA + BMP 1.98 2.31 1.92
No significant difference between DFDBA and DFDBA+BMP
*DFDBA+BMP significantly better than all other groups Bowers
Recombined human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 in maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery in 3 patients compared to autogenous bone grafts.
Van den Bergh JPA. et alJ. Clinical Periodontol. 2000, 27:627
--1 sinus with BMP-7 had good bone
--1 sinus no bone but cyst like mass
--2 sinuses had small amount of bone insufficient for implants
--All 5 autogenous sinus grafts had good bone
A feasibility study evaluating rhBMP-2 absorbable collagen sponge for maxillary sinus floor augmentation.
Boyne P. et alInt. J. Perio. Res. Dent. 1997, 17:11
•6 patients3 got BMP-7 in collagen in 4 sinus lifts3 got autogenous iliac bone in 5 sinus lifts
At 6 months took out bone cores.
• Got good bone in cores• One patient had mucus retention cyst
on CT at 16 weeks• Got mean bone height increase of 8.51
mm to 15.73 mm– 8 to 11 patients had sufficient bone for
implant placement.– 2 biopsies at 19 weeks had moderate
amount of bone– 10 biopsies at 24 to 27 weeks had
moderate to large amounts of bone.
Collagen sponge bovine type 1 collagen 12 patients with sinus lifts
evaluated with CT scans at 16 weeks and bone biopsies (7 cases) at 14
weeks to 27 weeks.
This Bovine protein extract (Neo osteo,
Sulzer) contained Bone Morphogenetic Proteins 2,
3, 4, 6, 7, 12, 13.
Bovine derived bone protein extract in the treatment of mandibular class II furcations.
Camargo PM, Wolinsky LE, Burgess AJ, Wagner WR, Paluk SF, Kenney EB.Compend. Cont. Edu. Dent. 2002, 23:1023
25 patients with grade II furcations in lower molars. Five with BMP
Group 1 0.00 control DFDBA alone.Group 2 3.13 micrograms per mg of
DFDBAGroup 3 6.25 micrograms per mg of
DFDBAGroup 4 12.50 micrograms per mg of
DFDBGroup 5 25.0 micrograms per mg of
DFDBA
Evaluated at 6 months no re-entry
Control Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Group 5
Pocket Depth Change
1.3 1.0 1.1 1.8 1.7
Vertical Attachment Level Change
0.5 0.8 0.5 1.5 1.5
Horizontal Attachment Level Change
1.9 0.5 0.4 1.1 1.8
6 Month Clinical results using DFDBA plus Bovine Derived Protein
Highest concentrations of BMP
gave best clinical results
THE END