Tanks, Drums, and Vessels Unit 9. Learning Objectives TLW be able to describe the following about...
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Transcript of Tanks, Drums, and Vessels Unit 9. Learning Objectives TLW be able to describe the following about...
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Tanks, Drums, and VesselsTanks, Drums, and Vessels
Unit 9
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Learning Objectives
• TLW be able to describe the following about tanks, drums, and vessels used in the process industry:– Types– Uses– Materials of Construction– Monitoring and Maintenance– Hazards and Mitigations
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TypesTypes
• Tanks• Drums• Vessels
– Reactors– Distillation columns
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Tanks, Drums, and VesselsTanks, Drums, and Vessels
Used for Storing• Inputs (Raw Materials)• Outputs (Products, Co-Products,
Intermediates)• Waste• Recoverable wasteTwo types of Storage Tanks
• Atmospheric
• Pressurized
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Materials of Construction
• Tanks and vessels are usually always made of metal.– Thickness increases as does pressure– Special alloys for corrosives
• Drums– Metal– Plastic for corrosives, additives– Cardboard - additives– DOT specs
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Terms for Tanks, Drums, Terms for Tanks, Drums, and Vesselsand Vessels
• Floating Roof• Sphere• Foam Chamber• Sump (Possum
Belly)• Mixer• Gauge Hatch• Manway or
Manhole
• Blanket• Vapor Recovery• Vortex Breaker• Baffle • Weir• Boot
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Vessels and PressureVessels and Pressure
• Cylinders or drum shaped – generally atmospheric tanks
• High volatility materials – stored in pressurized tanks
• Round tanks (sphere) - pressure• Bullet and spherical tanks -
pressure• Hemispheroids – low pressure• Spheroids – low pressure
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Cone roof tank
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Floating roof tank
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Foam system
Manway
Vortex Breaker
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Nitrogen blanket
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Tank SymbolsTank Symbols
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HazardsHazards
• Overfilling• Putting in wrong or off spec material• Misalignment of blanket system• Misalignment of pump system• Pulling a vacuum while emptying a tank• Overpressuring a tank • Static electricity (dust or vapor
explosion)• Corrosion or mechanical damage
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Hazards
• Describe potential impacts of these hazards on last– Individual– Equipment– Production (Quality)– Environment
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ReactorsReactors
• Where Chemical Reactions Occur– Fixed Bed– Stirred– Fluidized bed reactor– Shell and Tube
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Fixed Bed ReactorFixed Bed Reactor
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Fixed bed reactor
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Stirred ReactorStirred Reactor
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Fluidized Bed ReactorFluidized Bed Reactor
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FluidizeFluidized-Bed d-Bed
ReactorReactor
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Shell and TubeShell and Tube
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Dikes, Firewalls and Dikes, Firewalls and Containment WallsContainment Walls
• Contain materials• Isolate• Minimize damage• Protect people, assets, and
environment
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Tank DikesTank Dikes
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Monitoring and Monitoring and MaintenanceMaintenance
• Abnormal noise – pinging/popping• Abnormal heat• Monitor levels and pressures• Vibrations – pumps/mixers• Check firewalls, sumps and drains,
drain valves on dikes - rainfall• Odors/leaks• Corrosion checks, paint
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Independent Practice
• Research project – see handout