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Tania Friederichs
DG Research
European Commission
Building an Innovation Union
Budva, 11 November 2010
European Innovation Scoreboard 2009
The European Innovation Scoreboard tries to capture the capacity of our economies to generate innovative products and services by looking at 29 innovation-related indicators categorised in three groups: enablers, firm activities and outputs
Only publicly available data is used, for the most recent year, in most cases 2008. This explains why the effect of the economic crisis is not captured yet.
Summary innovation performance for the EU27 Member States (2009 Summary Innovation Index)
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
BG LV RO LT P L HU SK MT IT GR ES P T CZ SI EU CY EE NL FR IE BE LU AT DK UK DE FI SE
Note: The Summary Innovation Index (SII) is a composite of 29 indicators normalised to a lowest possible performance of 0 to a maximum possible performance of 1. The 2009 SII reflects performance in 2007/2008 due to a lag in data availability and therefore does not capture the effects of the recent economic and financial crises.
Where has performance improved at EU27 level?
Public R&D expenditures
Broadband access
IT expenditures
Knowledge intensive services employment
Medium high and high-tech manufacturing products
Sales of new-to-market products
Where has performance worsened at EU27 level?Non-R&D innovation expenditure
Firm renewal (SMEs entries plus exits)
SMEs innovating in-house
Resource efficiency innovators (labour cost, materials and energy)
Dynamic performance and convergence trends in innovation in the EU-27 and other
countries
Note : colour coding matches the groups of countries: green are the Innovation leaders, yellow are the Innovation followers, orange are the Moderate innovators, blue are the Catching-up countries. Average annual growth rates as calculated over a five-year period. The dotted lines show EU27 performance and growth.
SI
TR
NO
UK
SEFI
RO
P T
P L
AT
NL
HU
LU
LT
CY
IT
FR
ESGR
SK
IE EE
DE
DK
CZ
BG
BE
MT
CH
IS
LV
HR
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
0.500
0.550
0.600
0.650
0.700
0.750
0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0% 5.0% 6.0% 7.0% 8.0% 9.0%
Average annual growth in innovation performance
Innovati
on p
erf
orm
ance (
SII
2009)
EU27 innovation performance in
2009
EU27 average growth rate in 2005-
09
Innovation leadersDenmark, Finland, Germany,
Sweden, UK
Innovation followers
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, France, Iceland,
Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Slovenia
Moderate innovators
Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Lithuania, Malta,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia and Spain
Catching up Bulgaria, Croatia, Latvia, Romania, Serbia and Turkey
The EU27 is still lagging behind both the USA and Japan
The catching-up trend with the USA from previous years seems to have ceased. The remaining gap is primarily due to:
Business R&D expenditure
International patents
Public-private linkages
Number of researchers
EU27 Innovation gap with the USA and Japan
EU27-US
-32 -29-23 -22 -22
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
EU27-J apan
-30 -31-29 -28 -30
-40-35-30-25-20-15-10
-50
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
There is no clear trend in the innovation gap with Japan EU-US-Japan comparison based on 19 indicators. Performance for each reference year is measured using, on average, data with a two-year lag0
Some conclusions
• Research and innovation to emerge stronger from the economic
crisis
• Innovation leaders are biggest investors in R&D, not a coincidence!
• Knowledge and innovation are at the heart of the Europe 2020
strategy
Innovation Union
What is Innovation Union?
Highlights
• European Innovation Partnerships
• European Research Area framework
• Streamlined EU programmes
• New financial instruments
• Reform of standardisation system
• Public procurement of innovation
• Social innovation pilot
• Stronger monitoring
• Innovation Convention
A distinctive European approach to innovation
Societal challenges• Climate change
• Health and ageing
• Use of natural resources
• Energy security
• Clean transport
• Land use
• ….
• Powerful drivers of change in economy and society
• Major global market opportunities
• Requiring EU-scale approaches
• From research to market
New needs new ideas new markets
Excellence in education and skills
Issues • Universities need reform to specialise/diversify and attract top talents• EU needs at least one million more researchers to reach its R&D targets• Education & training should better match business needs
Actions1. National strategies to boost training and careers of researchers (2011)2. Independent multidimensional university ranking system and launch of
business-education « knowledge alliances » (2011)3. Commission to promote e-skills for innovation (2011)
Delivering the European Research Area
Issues • Costly fragmentation and overlaps between national research and
innovation systems• Need for a unified European Research Area where all actors move and
operate as easily as within national borders• Complex funding landscape creating administrative burden for
researchers and business • Urgent need for world-class research infrastructures
Actions4. Commission to propose a European Research Area framework (2012)
to remove obstacles to mobility and cross-border cooperation by 20145. EU and Member States to complete or launch 60% of priority European
research infrastructures by 2015.
Focusing EU funding instrumentsIssues • Need to support the whole innovation chain, from research to market• Further simplify access for beneficiaries, including SMEs• Develop scientific evidence to support policy-making • Promote the European Institute of Innovation & Technology
Actions
6. Focus future EU R&I programmes on EU2020 and Innovation Union: societal challenges, with streamlining/ simplification (2014)
7. Ensure strong involvement of SMEs with high growth potential (2014)
8. Develop the Joint Research Centre’s role to support the science base for policy making through forward-looking activities
9. European Institute of Innovation & Technology to set out a strategic innovation agenda (2011)
Access to finance
Issues Lack of finance is main constraint on innovative companiesFew European SMEs grow into major companiesSpecific market gaps for start ups, for high growth companies, and for
financing major research and innovation projectsRSFF, CIP Financial Instruments cannot meet demand.
Actions10. New generation of Financial instruments with EIB (by 2014)11. Regime for cross border Venture Capital funds (2012)12. Stronger brokerage between innovative SMEs and investors13. Review State Aid framework, to enable support to all forms of
innovation (2011)
A Single Innovation Market
Issues Costly EU patent system Lack of harmonised regulations for innovations EU standard setting too slow Public procurers lack incentives, knowledge or scale to benefit from
innovationImportance of eco-innovation
Actions14. Rapid agreement on EU patent15. Screen regulatory frameworks linked to Partnerships (2011) 16. Reform EU standard setting & link to R&D projects (2011) 17. Member States to set aside procurement budgets for
innovation, with EC technical/ financial support (2011)18. Commission to present an eco-innovation action plan (20110
Openness and creative potential
Issues Many different forms of innovation (open, user driven, systemic etc.)EU strengths in design and creativity not recognised in policyMuch IPR is dormant, as it is difficult to find a user.
Actions19. Establish Design Leadership Board & Creative Industries
Alliance (2011)20. Open access to FP research publications21. Model agreements for collaborative research and knowledge
transfer 22. Develop EU knowledge markets to trade & invest in patents
(2011)23. Examine the role of Competition Policy
Social and territorial cohesion
Issues - Innovation needed everywhere- Need to avoid an “innovation divide”- Make best use of € 86 Bn Structural Funds earmarked for
research and innovation until 2013
Actions24. Improve use of Structural Funds by Member States with
Commission supported « smart specialisation » platform25. Preparations on future Structural Funds to support innovation26. Launch social innovation pilot and mainstream in European
Social Funds 27. Research programme on social and public sector innovation28. Innovation all occupations, starting with caring sector
European Innovation PartnershipsKey issues − Major societal challenges require joint responses
across policies and across EU− Numerous sub-critical, uncoordinated initiatives:
− between EU / Member States / Regions− R&D / Market-side actions (public procurement, standards,
regulation)
European Innovation Partnerships are:Frameworks bringing together main actors and actions
- At EU and national levels- From research to market- Around common objectives and targets
European Innovation Partnerships2010– Pilot on active and healthy ageing
Aim: two additional healthy life years by 2020– Council, Parliament to discuss the concept– Member States and stakeholders invited to join
2011– Others to follow pending discussions and building
on pilot experience– Topics considered: smart cities, water, raw
materials, mobility, agriculture,
International cooperationKey issues
- Third countries see 27+1 small/medium parties, not one major partner
- Europe’s openness is not always reciprocated
- Global challenges require a global response
Actions
30. Attract high skilled third country nationals
31. Joint EU / national priorities for cooperation with third countries (2012)
32. Agree international infrastructures with world partners (2012)
Making it happen!A priority for EU Institutions
– European Council dedicated discussion in December– Council invited to meet as “Innovation Council”– European Parliament discussions– Innovation Group of Commissioners
Accelerating national reforms– Self assessments of R&I systems under Europe 2020
Tracking progress– EU target of 3% of GDP on R&D and national targets– New indicator on fast-growing innovative firms– New Scoreboard of 25 indicators
Annual Innovation Convention
Next steps
• Nov. 26: Competitiveness Council conclusions• Dec. 16: European Council• European Parliament debate
Implementation•Launch of European Innovation Partnerships, …
•Proposals for future EU programmes, European Research Area, ..
•Implementation in Member States, regions…
Innovation Union website
http://ec.europa.eu/innovation-union/
Innovation Facebook page
http://www.facebook.com/Innovation.Union
Innovation unlimited blog
http://blogs.ec.europa.eu/innovationunlimited