8/18/2019 Tangshan Earthquake, China

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RACHANA SANSAD , INSTITUTE OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING, MUMBAISEMESTER 01 , BATCH 2015-17

< Surbhi Modi >< Disaster: Tangshan Earthquake, China (1976 >

Hazard

It was caused by a ‘ slip-strike fault ’.A slip-strike fault is where a verticalfault causes a lateral shift. The mainshock caused a 75- mile rupture underthe surface of the round runninnorth-northeast and south-southwest ofthe city.

The Great Tangshan Earthquake, China (1976)• Tan shan was an industrial city with appro!imately one million inhabitants.• The earth"uake occurred on #uly $7% &'7( at )*+$ am.• ,a nitude 7. on the ichter ma nitude scale. It lasted about &( seconds.• /ollowed by ma nitude 7.& aftershock &( hours later

Disaster$55%000 people lay dead or dyin

&(+%5 & people in1ured

$%(00 children orphaned

2ver 500%000 people left homeless

')3 of residential buildin s and 7 3 ofindustrial buildin s destroyed

4urface deformation

rops destroyed

oal mines were flooded due to openinof fractures in bedrock

oads% railways and brid es destroyed

4and boils% slumpin of embankments%river banks and canals

6conomic loss of &0 billion yuan

Pre-disaster Vulnerability

nreinforced buildin s

8ow mortar stren th in masonry

nstable Alluvial soil

Time* )*+$ am. Asleep and unprepared people

9arnin iven &5 days before theearth"uake but No action taken byTan shan authorities

Post-disaster Vulnerability:ealth problems arose as a result ofimproper treatment of corpses

;ust and debris from the collapsed buildin sfilled the air

4urvivors faced no electricity% food or water

ontaminated water and faulty sewersystems caused widespread diseases

,any destroyed farmlands no more capableof producin crops- farmers% people%economy affected

8ack of food and unemployment- economyaffected% loss of +.5 billion dollars

oads and transport blocked therebydelayin the help from rescue workers.

ExposureThe whole Tan shan ity and surroundinareas were e!posed.

8ivin bein s-

8/18/2019 Tangshan Earthquake, China

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RACHANA SANSAD , INSTITUTE OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING, MUMBAISEMESTER 01 , BATCH 2015-17

Capacity (Tangshan City)

Pre-disaster- > AFTER THE WARNING WAS GIVEN ? - @one

Post-disaster,assive relief and reconstruction pro ram

4urvivors became or ani ed% they du throu h debris and saved thousands of people

who had ot buriedImplementation of communication control to clear the roads stuck in traffic 1ams

Arran ement of food from nearby provinces

)0 water tank vehicles brou ht by =ei1in people

8ivin arran ements for people

,ore than &&0%000 officers and men from =ei1in and 4henyan military areaarrived to rescue people

$ ) medical teams and nearly $%000 medical workers were sent from nearby provinces to treat people

Capacity (by Qianlong county, 70 kms away from Tangshan)180,000 buildings collapsed in Tangshan earthquake but zerofatalities

Pre-disaster > AFTER THE WARNING WAS GIVEN ?•

The entire population of the county% about +70%000 people% moved outdoors wherethey slept% ate% worked and held classes• Those who stayed at home kept their doors and windows open at all times• 4chool students were enrolled in checkin well water levels% rodent behavior and

the fli ht of birds for telltale si ns of a pendin earth"uake

Post-disaster- Same as a bove (Tangshan City)

< Surbhi Modi >< Disaster: Tangshan Earthquake, China (1976 >