Tangent Line equaonkeshet/M102/Lect2017_4.1.pdf · • Prac,ce the Product and Quoen Rules •...
Transcript of Tangent Line equaonkeshet/M102/Lect2017_4.1.pdf · • Prac,ce the Product and Quoen Rules •...
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TangentLineequa,on
Findtheequa,onofthetangentlinetothegraphofthefunc,ony=5x2atthepointx=1.Wheredoesthetangentlineintersectthexaxis?Finishedfast?Findtheequa,onofthetangentlinetothegraphofthefunc,ony=f(x)atthepointx=x0.Wheredoethetangentlineintersectthexaxis?
SimpleExam-type
ques,on
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Officehoursthisweek
• Tu:3:30-5PM
• Iamatan“OpenBook”seminaronFridaymorning,sowhichreplacementofficehoursarebestforyou?– (A)Wed10-11:30– (B)Wedn3:30-5pm– (C)Thurs10-11:30
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Midtermsignup
• Signupforoneofthethreeop,ons.• Checkbackforyourroomassignment–maynotbesameasyourfriend’s
• Declareanyconflicts(lecture,anothermidterm,etc)
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“StartOffStrong”
• Spac.science.ubc.ca Sept26-27,5-7pm• Learn,psfromprofsabouthowtostudyformidtermexams
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Helpwithhomework(OSH2)
d1(x)thatgivesthedistancefromapointonthex-axis(x,0)tothepoint(2,3).Usedistanceformula
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OSH2cont’d
Whatisthereare2pointsandyouwanttheshortestdistance?
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OSH2cont’d
Whatisthereare2pointsandyouwanttheshortestdistance?
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HelpwithHW
In1938A.V.Hillproposedamathmodelfortherateofshorteningofamuscle,v,(cm/sec)whenitisworkingagainstaloadp(gms).Hissocalledforce-velocitycurveisgivenbytherela,onship
a,bposi,veconstants.HINT:Rewriteintheformv=f(p).Note:v>0meansmusclecontracts.v<0meansmuscleexpands
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Toworkon
• Prac,cetheProductandQuo,enRules• Prac,cesketchingderiva,vesandan,deriva,ves
• StartstudyingfortheMidTerm• Note:onlinecopyofbookjustuploaded:nowhasanswerstomostoftheproblemsinthebook.
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Tangentlines
Andlinearapproxima,ons
UBCMath102
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GenericTangentLineequa,on
Findtheequa,onofthetangentlinetothegraphofthefunc,ony=f(x)atthepointx=x0.
UBCMath102
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Solu,on(inclass):
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Tangentlinescanbeusedto(locally)approximateafunc,on
UBCMath102
•
• Func,onà• Nearx=0TangentLineisclosetothefunc,on.
• TL(lowerthanf(x)nearx=0)“underes,mates”thefunc,on”atthatpoint
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1.Linearapproxima,on
Findanapproxima,onforf(1.5)WhatistheslopeoftheTL?(A) 2(B) 3(C) 3/2(D) -3(E) 1/2
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2.Linearapproxima,on
Findanapproxima,onforf(1.5)Whatisthepointoftangency??(A) (0,-1)(B) (2,1)(C) (1,1)(D) (1,2)(E) Noneoftheabove
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3.Linearapproxima,on
Theeqnofthetangentlineis(A) y=2x-1(B) y=2x+1(C) y=2x-0.5(D) y=x-1(E) y=-1-2x
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4.Linearapproxima,on
TheLINEARAPPROXIMATIONtof(1.5)is(A) f(1.5)≈1(B) f(1.5)≈1.5(C) f(1.5)≈2(D) f(1.5)≈2.5(E) f(1.5)≈3
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Linearapproxima,on
TheLINEARAPPROXIMATIONtof(1.5)is(A) f(1.5)≈1(B) f(1.5)≈1.5(C) f(1.5)≈2(D) f(1.5)≈2.5(E) f(1.5)≈3
1.5
2
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5.Linearapproxima,on
TheLINEARAPPROXIMATIONtof(1.5)is(A) Anoveres,mate(B) Anunderes,mate
1.5
2
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Rescueme!
UBCMath102
Rapunzel,Rapunzel,Let
downyourhair!
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Rescueme!
UBCMath102
Noway!You’renotclimbingupmyhair!Gogetaladder!
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Rescue!WhatistheshortestladderthatyoucanusetorescueRapunzelfromthewindowat6metersheightifthereisananthillintheway?
UBCMath102
ground
anthillSeeP111Featuredproblem5.1
Exam-type
ques,on
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Rescue!Whatistheshortestladderthatyoucanusetorescuesomeonefromthewindowat6metersheightifthereisahillintheway?
UBCMath102
ground
TangentLine
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groundladder
anthill
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Solu,on:
Weneedtofindthelengthofthetangentlineshowninthediagram.Todoso,weshouldsolvethefollowing(restatedmathema,cal)problem:
UBCMath102
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Solu,on,cont’d
UBCMath102
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Solncont’d:UsethefactthattheTLgoesthroughthepoint(0,6)
Nowsolvethisequa,ontofindx0
UBCMath102
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Nowgettheequa,onoftheTL:
• Slope:
• TLhasy-intercept6andslope-1soitseqn:
Is:
UBCMath102
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Solncont’dNowthatwehavetheequa,onofthetangentline,wecandetermineitslength.(Seenextslide).Theproblemhasbeensolved..Andthisonewaslesstrivialthantheearlierproblems,sincewehadtosolveforthepointoftangency.
UBCMath102
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Solu,on:
UBCMath102
6
66√2
y=6-x
Thelengthoftheshortestladderis:6sqrt(2)
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6
66√2
Tangent line y = 6 - x
(2,4)
(6,0)
(0,6)
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Linearapproxima,on
• Usingatangentlinetoapproximatethevalueofafunc,on(nearsomepoint).
UBCMath102
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(6)Tangentlineequa,on
Whichofthefollowingistheequa,onofthetangentlinetof(x)atthepointx0
UBCMath102
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(7)Linearapproxima,onClosetothepointx0wecan
approximatethefunc,onf(x)by
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(8)Linearapproxima,on
Theapproxima,onisgoodprovided• (A)xissmall• (B)x0issmall• (C)(x-x0)islarge• (D)(x0-x)issmall• (E)Noneoftheabove
UBCMath102
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(9)Alinearapproxima,on..
approximatesthetruevalueofthefunc,onatsomepointclosetox0bythevalueshownin
• A,B,C,D,orE UBCMath102
A
B
C
DE
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Geometry
UBCMath102
f(x0)
Δf
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Geometry
UBCMath102
f(x0)
(x-x0)
f’(x0)(x-x0)
Δf
Δf
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(10)Example:
UBCMath102
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(11)Examplecont’d
UBCMath102
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(12)Examplecont’d
UBCMath102
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(13)Overorunder-es,mate?Theapproxima,onwemadewill(A) Over-es,matethetruevalue(B) Under-es,mate“““
UBCMath102
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FromLastWeek
Moreaboutdisplacement,velocity,andaccelera,on–---sincewedidnothaveachancetoprac,cethisonFriday:tryoutthisques,on
UBCMath102
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Howtooutrunacheetah
hvps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e51TlGBTyVg
I’mpuwngmymoneyonthe“livleguy”
UBCMath102 hvps://en.wikipedia.org
Exam-type
ques,on
SeeP100Featuredproblem4.3
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HowtooutrunacheetahAcheetahcanrunattopspeedvcbutithastoslowdown(decelerate)tokeepfromgewngtoohot.(Assumeaconstantdecelera,ona=-ac).Agazellerunsataslowerspeedvgbutitcanmaintainthatconstantspeedforalong,me.Ifthegazelleisini,allyadistancedfromthecheetah,andrunningaway,whenwoulditbecaught?Istherea(farenough)distancedsuchthatitnevergetscaught?
UBCMath102
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Answers
1.A2.C3.A4.C5.B6.C
7.E8.D9.B10.D11.B12.A13.A
UBCMath102
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Solu,on:toproblemdoneontheboard
UBCMath102Tangentlineintersectsxaxisaty=0,soatx=10/5=1/2
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Solu,onstopreviousproblemsFirsttryouttheproblemsattheendofthelastlectureslides.Onlythenshouldyou“peek”attheanswers.
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Solu,onto:deriva,veof|sin(x)|
Ondesmos:(notethatderiva,vedoesnotexistatallthecusps!)
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Testyourskills
Problemstoworkon
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Differen,ate,usingpowerorquo,entrule
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Calcula,onandprac,ce
Findtheequa,onofthetangentlinetothegraphofatx=0.Wheredoesthetangentlineintersectthexaxis?
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Relatedtestques,on(MT1,2014)(Tangentlines)
Considerthefunc,on(a) Atwhichpoints(a,f(a))doesthegraphofthis
func,onhavetangentlinesparalleltotheliney=−x.
(b) Whatistheequa,onofthetangentlinesateachofthesepoints.
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Testques,on(Quo,entrule,ra,onalfunc,ons)MT12014
Atanall-you-can-eatbuffet,thetotalcaloriesyougaincanberepresentedbythefunc,onwheret≥0isthe,meinminutesyouspendattherestaurantandAandbareposi,veconstants.• (a)Ifyoustayedforalong,me,whatasymptotewouldyourtotalcaloricgainapproach?
• (b)A{erhowmuch,medoyougainexactlyhalfofthatasympto,ccaloricamount?
• (c)At,met,whatistheinstantaneousrateatwhichyourcaloricgainchanges?