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11111 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
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Lesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson Introduction
Dear StudentsDear StudentsDear StudentsDear StudentsDear Students
The word Vazthu (invocation) has several meanings inour Thamizh language such as felicitating wish or praise andenumerating the qualities etc., Here, in this lesson, the invocationhas been presented in the context of Praise.
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Lesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson Introduction
This lesson titled Children and Education is presentedin the conversation form (one to one interaction). The mentaland physical health of the child labourers is explained in thislesson. The agony of loss of education is also mentioned here.The interaction starts focusing on a child labourer namedKadhirvelan.
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= ., income
= ., free midday meals servedat school.
= ., factory
= (something)found by analysis/research.
= ., new wisdom,new knowledge
= ., participants
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Lesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson Introduction
VARUNANAI means describing the sequence of incidentsbeautiful. This is also known as PUNAINDHURAI or Decorativenarration. The word PUNAITHAL means decorating. Depictinganything in a decorative style is known as VARUNANAI orPUNAINDHURAI.
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Lesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson IntroductionLesson Introduction
Dear Students
You might have listened to a few folk songs in Films.
You may known the folk songs sung in the rural areas such asTHALATTU (LULLUBY) and OPPARI (LYRICS OF CONDOLENCE).
Folk songs of this type are known as gypsy lyrics and ruralodes. Since these types of song are not in written form but arelearnt or handed down through mere listening; they are also knownas ORAL LITERATURE. These songs have been sung since theancient days.
Over the years, people have collected such folk songs as the
THALATTU (LULLUBY), OPPARI (LYRICS OF CONDOLENCE), NATTUVALAM (WEALTH OF A NATION), VAZHIPADU (PRAYER), VEETTU NIGAZHCHIGAL (VARIOUS HAPPENINGS AT HOME), THOZHILGAL (OCCUPATIONS), THOZHILALAR NILAIMAI (CONDITIONS OF THE WORKERS), KAADHAL (Which means LOVE) etc.
A greater use of colloquial words and slang is quite common in folksongs than in other songs. The folk songs are sweet and simple.
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Lesson Introduction
News is published in NAALEDU. As NAAL means DAY and YEDU means
PAPER, NAALEDU refers to dailies. DINAMANI, DHINA THANTHI, DHINA
MALAR, MALAI MURASU and MALAIMALAR are some of the newspapers in
Tamil. News is broadcast both through Radio and Television.
- - - - -
NEWSNEWSNEWSNEWSNEWS . (NNNNNorth) (EEEEEast), (WWWWWest), (SSSSSouth) N-E-W-S . (New) news .
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out-skirt of a city, suburb.3. - / heavy rain4. - / routine life5. -
/ Port6. - /rails
belonging to the Central Railways7. - / the functioning of
trains8. - / rail service9. -
/ press release.10. - / sewage pit11. - / the
quantum of rain recorded (in place)12. -
/ Department of Meteorology.
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) .5. ___________ ( /
) .::::: 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- ,1-, 2-, 3-, 4- ,1-, 2-, 3-, 4- ,1-, 2-, 3-, 4- ,1-, 2-, 3-, 4- ,
5- .5- .5- .5- .5- .
4 .4 .4 .4 .4 . . . . . .
1. - 2. - 3. - 4. - 5. -
:::::
1. - 2. - 3. - 4. - 5. -
-
66 66 66 66 66
- 6. - 6. - 6. - 6. - 6.
, . 43 . . . . .
( ). ( ) . . .
Lesson Introduction
Dear Students,
Listen to the introductory part of this lesson before learning it. Then read it
with comprehension. This is an abridged version of DEEPANGAL, one of the short
stories extracted from the collection of short stories compiled by Malaysian writers
and titled VERUM VAZHVUM, The 43 stories in this collection have been compiled
by Mr.Sy.Bir Mohammed. Mr.Anbuchelvan is the author of the story DEEPANGAL.
Mr.Sy.Bir Mohammed acclaims that Mr.Anbuchelvan has won many awards and
golden citations.
Ismail is one of the characters in DEEPANGALwho had migrated to Malaysia
(which was Malaya when the story was written.) This short story depicts Ismailss
expectations and struggle in his life. The story ends with a note by Tamil Nadu,Tamils
on the Malaysian Tamils.
-
6 76 76 76 76 7 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
-1 - -1 - -1 - -1 - -1 -
1. , .
2. .
3. .
4.
5. .6. ,
7. .
8. .
9. .
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. 15.
.
16. .
17. .
-
68 68 68 68 68
18. .
19. .
= money order, moneysent through the mailservice from one placeto another
= will it be lost
= , bearing/shouldering suspicion asa burden.
= ,
= ; to face
= ; Incometo lead a good life.
= . themarriage ritual of themuslims
= ; estate;
= (), , (ofmoney)
-
6 96 96 96 96 9 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
= ; being thereverse of
= ,
= () ; value
= ; sorrow,grief
= () ;concealing the grief.
= ( ) ; ;can not withstand
= . .A space measuring fivefeet width, in the footpath infront ofthe shops; Vendorssell their articles inthis place frommorning to evening.
= ; notable to long last.
-
70 70 70 70 70
= having got caught;
= fine,
= . , , ; A confectionaryitem resembling noodlesprepared out of riceflour. Malay, Chineseand Tamils usethis,generally for breakfast and as well fordinner.
= ; did
business
= ( ) ; pettyerrands; odd jobs
= ; lose
= , ; income
= ( ) ; makegood of the loss etc.,compensate
-
7 17 17 17 17 1 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
= , ;get reduced, passed
:::::
.
1. ?
() , () , () ,
: : : : : ()
2. . ?
() () ()
: ()
3. () ?
() .() .() .
: : : : : ()
4. ?
() () ()
: ()
-
72 72 72 72 72
5. ?
() () ()
::::: ()
6. ?
() () ()
: : : : : ()
7. ?
() () ()
: : : : : ()
-2-2-2-2-2
20. .
21. .
22. , ... .
23. .
24. . . .
-
7 37 37 37 37 3 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
25. .... .
26. , . . .. .
27. - .
28. !
= ; not well
= , ; intensefever
= taking leave ( is the transliterated formof the English word leave)
= transliterated form ofthe English word dispensary
= medicines; mixture and tablet
= injection
= ; distress; mental agony( = mental agony (that cannot be ) expressed)
= ; hiding
= , dustingthe mat and spreading it on the floor
-
74 74 74 74 74
= consciousness
= Ismail did not see the day break i.e. Ismail expired
= objective / aim or ambition = The place around Mount Road area (in
Chennai) ( is the transliteratedversion of the English form MOUNTROAD) now it is called as Anna Saalai.
= ticket
= , ; ;spoken Tamil usage, equivalent written Tamilusage is that (he)has no (money) to spend
= . / : he is gifted or blessed (in his life)
= matinee show of a movie
= enthused, encouraged
= ; ( - ) Rubbertree (- a Malay word)
=====
. : . ( ). ( ).Agents who muster people for jobs in Ma-laysia use, such a captivating phrase. Theliteral meaning of the sentence is: the rub-ber trees yield/bear money as fruits (andhence you come to Malaysia to take jobs inrubber plantation etc.)
-
7 57 57 57 57 5 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
= ; lamp
= put off
= ( ) ; a corpse without a person toconduct the funeral.
= ., : ;Malaesian Tamil usage. meaning: burial ground
:::::
.
8. ?() () () ()
: : : : : ()
9. . ?
() , .
() , .
() , .
: : : : : ()
10. ?
() .() () : : : : : ()
-
76 76 76 76 76
- - - - -
1. , .
2. .
3. .
4.
5. .
6. ,
7. .
8. .
9. .
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14.
15. .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
20. .
21. .
-
7 77 77 77 77 7 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
22. , ... .
23. .
24. . . .
25. .... .
26. , . . .. .
27. - .
28. !
.
1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
1. ()
2. ()
3. ()
-
78 78 78 78 78
4. () .
5. ()
6. ()
7. () ,
8. ()
1 - ; 2 - ; 3 - ; 4 - ;5 - ; 6 - 7 - ; 8 -
1. , .
2. .
3. .
4.
5. .
6. ,
7. .
8. .
-
7 97 97 97 97 9 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
9. .
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14.
15. .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
20. .
21. .
22. , ... .
23. .
24. . . .
25. .... .
26. , . . .. .
-
80 80 80 80 80
27. - .
28. !
. . .
.
. . . . ?
.
.
++++++++++ .
. :
. .
-
8 18 18 18 18 1 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
. . .
.
.
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . .
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
, , ,, , ,, , ,, , ,, , ,, , , , , .
.
, , , , , .
, , , , , .
-
82 82 82 82 82
, , , , , , , , , , .
, , , , , , , , , , . . .
.
.
. . .
. .
1 .1 .1 .1 .1 . .....
- - - - -
:::::
- - - - -
-
8 38 38 38 38 3 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
2.2 .2 .2 .2 . . . . . .
1. -------- (/ ) .2. ---------- (/ )3. ------------(/) .4. -------- (/ ).
::::: , , ,
-
84 84 84 84 84
- 7. - 7. - 7. - 7. - 7.
, . ! . ( ) . . 1/4/2001 .
, .
Lesson Introduction
Short stories, about a page in length are usually published in weeklies.
This lesson EVERYTHING HAS GONE is written by Mr.Deviganesh. The
story goes that a good number of people who have deposited and lost their
savings in fake finance investment companies are suffering in Tamilnadu.
An attempt has been made in the story to expose the traits and trials of
humanity.
Colloquial language and certain English words that are commonly
used in day-to-day life occur in the Story.
-1- -1- -1- -1- -1-
.
( ) . ! . .
-
8 58 58 58 58 5 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
. . . . ...
. , ! . . . . , !. ... ... ... ... ... ...
= , .,Lockup or close an Institution or Industry
= . deposit .
= . company .
= - , .,market .
= ., moment
= , .put on the shirt etc.,
-
86 86 86 86 86
= ., without control.
= ; wail, scream in a heart breaking manner
= contemptible persons, wretched men,sinners
= , ., little bylittle.
= ., save
= ., any one, = if get cheated,
= ., speak without showing respect.
= ., to face
= ., cry out in grief
= ., unluckyperson
= , sea of grief., .
= ()., haughtiness
= transliteration of the English wordGovernment Bank,
= ( ) , deceive
= ., hurtfulremarks
-
8 78 78 78 78 7 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
1. ?
() () ()
: : : : : ()2. ?
() () ()
: : : : : ()
3. ?
() () ()
: : : : : ()
4. ?
() () ()
: : : : : ()
-2 - -2 - -2 - -2 - -2 -
. , . . ... , . ... ... . ?``.... ...! , . ... !
-
88 88 88 88 88
?! ...? . . ! . ... ... , .? .
= ., becomes slackened
= ., in a grieved tone = ,
., It pains the mind / heart
= , ., It pains the mind / heart
= ,
= curse
5. . . . . ?() () ()
: : : : : ()
6. . ?
() () () : : : : : ()
-
8 98 98 98 98 9 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
- - - - -
( ) . ! . . . . . . ... . , ! . . . . , !. ... ... ... ... ... ...
. , . . ... ,. ... ... . ? ``.... ...! , . ... ! ?! ...? . . ! . ... ... , .? .
-
90 90 90 90 90
1. , ?
() () ()
: : : : : ()
2. ?
() () ()
: : : : : ()
3. ?
() () ()
: : : : : ()
4. ?
()
()
()
: : : : : ()
- - - - -
( ) . ! . .
-
9 19 19 19 19 1 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
. . . . ... . , ! . . . . , !. ... ... ... ... ... ...
. , . . ... ,. ... ... . ? ``.... ...! , . ... ! ?! ...? . . ! . ... ... , .? .
- - - - -
( ) . ! . . . . . . ...
-
92 92 92 92 92
. , ! . . . . , !. ... ... ... ... ... ...
. , . . ... ,. ... ... . ? ``.... ...! , . ... ! ?! ...? . . ! . ... ... , .? .
, . , ( ) . - .
-
9 39 39 39 39 3 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
deposit company market /office government bank
, , .
.
(-)
, , , , , , , , , , . .
.
, , , , , . ( ). .
-
94 94 94 94 94
.
. . . . .
. .
.
, , , , , , , , , , .
, .
, , , , , , , , , , .
1 .1 .1 .1 .1 . .....
1. ----------(/) .
2. ------------ (/) .
-
9 59 59 59 59 5 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
3. ----------(/ ) .
: , , : , , : , , : , , : , ,
2.2 .2 .2 .2 . . . . . .
- - -
:::::
- - -
-
96 96 96 96 96
- 8. - 8. - 8. - 8. - 8. () () () () ()
() . . . , , .
. .
Lesson Introduction
Dear Students!
A poem (a song) always carries a message. Many poetic verses may be
combined to deliver a theme or a part of a story. When a string of verses are
combined to narrate a story, it is called continuous poetry. The great epics Ramayana,
Mahabharatha and Silappathikaram belong to this category of continuous poetry.
Asia Jyothi is a continuous poetry which gives us the history of Lord
Buddha. From this great work, some verses selected from the section titled, Bud-
dha and the poor little boy have been given in the form of a lesson here.
. . LIGHT OF ASIALIGHT OF ASIALIGHT OF ASIALIGHT OF ASIALIGHT OF ASIA .
. . , , .
-
9 79 79 79 79 7 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
. . , . - 1876 . - . . , , , . - 1954 .
. . . . .
. . . . , .
. . .
= + = + ; = + = + = + = +
-
98 98 98 98 98
= + = + = + = + = + = + = + = +
- - - - -
. . . . . 11111
- - - - -
- - - - - . . . . . 22222
- - - - -
- - - - - 33333
- - - - -
- - - - - . . . . . 44444
- - - - - ! ! ! ! !
- - - - - . . . . . 55555
- - - - -
, , , , , 66666
-
9 99 99 99 99 9 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
- - - - -
- - - - - ? ? ? ? ? 77777
- - - - - ! ! ! ! !
- - - - - ! ! ! ! ! 88888
- - - - - ! ! ! ! !
- - - - - ! ! ! ! ! 99999
- - - - - ; ; ; ; ;
- - - - - ! ! ! ! ! 10 10 10 10 10
, .
, ; , ? .
, ; ; , .
, , , .
-
100 100 100 100 100
, ! , . , ! , ! ! .
, , ; , .
: : : : :
! , ?
? ? !
! !
! , .
[ , , ; ].
! ; .
-
101101101101101 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
: : : : :
= ( )
= = ( ) = = = (
). = = = = = () = (
) , . = = = () = = = = = = = = ()
: : : : :
, , .
: : : : :
! ,
,
-
102 102 102 102 102
- - - - -
! ! ! ! !
.
1. : : : : :
2. - :2. - :2. - :2. - :2. - :
+ + + +
3. - :3. - :3. - :3. - :3. - :
+ + + +
-
103103103103103 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
4. :4. :4. :4. :4. :
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 .5 .5 .5 .5 . : : : : :
. . . . . . .
. - . . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . !
. . . . . . .
6. :6. :6. :6. :6. :
1). - . . 1). - . . 1). - . . 1). - . . 1). - . .
() () () ()
2). 2). 2). 2). 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
() () () ()
-
104 104 104 104 104
3). 3). 3). 3). 3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
() () () ()
7. 7. 7. 7. 7. . . . . . . . . . .
.
1 ------------------1 ------------------1 ------------------1 ------------------1 ------------------ 2 ------------------2 ------------------2 ------------------2 ------------------2 ------------------3 ------------------3 ------------------3 ------------------3 ------------------3 ------------------ 4 ------------------4 ------------------4 ------------------4 ------------------4 ------------------
8. 8. 8. 8. 8. : : : : :
- - - - - ; ; ; ; ;
- - - - -
. . . . . . . .
() () ()
1. 1. 1. 1. 1. - - ; - ; -; -
2. 2. 2. 2. 2. - +
-
105105105105105 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
3.3.3.3.3. - +
4 .4 .4 .4 .4 . : : : : :
() () ()
5.5 .5 .5 .5 . : : : : :
() ()() . . . . .() () ()
6 .6 .6 .6 .6 . : : : : :
() () ()
7 .7 .7 .7 .7 .
1. 2. 3. 4.
8 .8 .8 .8 .8 . : : : : :
-
106 106 106 106 106
- 9. - 9. - 9. - 9. - 9.
. .
( ) , . + = , , . ( ) . .
, , , , .
. , , . 133 . 1330 .
.
Lesson Introduction
Valluvar refers Thiruvalluvar. He wrote Thirukkural.
Thirukkural is honoured with the titles moral values of Tamilians and Uni-
versal moral values. Thiru + Kural = Thirukkural. Here thiru means reverence, re-
spect, administration and so on. Kural means couplet (two-line-verse).
As the concept of Thirukkural stand beyond language, caste, religion, and
time, region it is precisely correct to be called Universal Moral Values.
There are three major divisions in Thirukkural. They are Arathuppaal, Porutpaal
and Kaamathuppaal. Thirukkural has 133 chapters having ten couplets each. On the
whole it has 1330 couplets.
The essay, Philosophy of Valluvar, written by Gnani, is given here as a les-
son.
-
107107107107107 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
- - - - -
1. .
2. .
3. , .
4. , .
5. ` .
6. .
7. .
8. .
9. .
10. .
11. .
-
108 108 108 108 108
12. .
13. .
14. () .
15. () .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. () .
1 .1 .1 .1 .1 . (423)(423)(423)(423)(423)
2 .2 .2 .2 .2 . (355)(355)(355)(355)(355)
3 .3 .3 .3 .3 . (300)(300)(300)(300)(300)
4 .4 .4 .4 .4 . (222)(222)(222)(222)(222)
5 .5 .5 .5 .5 . (46)(46)(46)(46)(46)
-
109109109109109 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
6 .6 .6 .6 .6 . (48)(48)(48)(48)(48)
7 .7 .7 .7 .7 . (261)(261)(261)(261)(261)
8 .8 .8 .8 .8 . (619)(619)(619)(619)(619)
9 .9 .9 .9 .9 . (1062)(1062)(1062)(1062)(1062)
10.10.10.10.10. (973)(973)(973)(973)(973)
1. ?
: : : : :
2. ?
: : : : : , .
3. , ?
: : : : :
4. ?
: : : : : .
5. ?
: : : : : .
-
110 110 110 110 110
-1--1--1--1--1-
1. .
2. .
3. , .
4. , .
5. ` .
6. .
7. .
8. .
9. .
10. .
11. .
-
111111111111111 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
= , / , . ,chapter on virtues
= .hundred years,one century
= Clarifications and arguments
= , . , basis
= . , fromwhomsoever
= . , if heard
= .o fwhatever nature
= . , even if
= . , truth
= , . , strength
= , . subtlety
= with firmness and subtlety
= . , hon-est person
= . , wouldnt get
= . , begging
-
112 112 112 112 112
(-5)
( : 423)( : 423)( : 423)( : 423)( : 423) : : : : :
. .
:::::
= = = = =
:
( : 355)( : 355)( : 355)( : 355)( : 355) : : : : :
, , .
:::::
= =
= = =
.
:::::
( : 300)( : 300)( : 300)( : 300)( : 300)
-
113113113113113 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
:::::
, .
:::::
= ( )
=
=
:
( : 169)( : 169)( : 169)( : 169)( : 169)
: : : : :
. .
To men of envious heart, when comes increase of joy, orloss to blameless men, the why will thoughtful hearts employ.
G.U.Pope:::::
=
= = = = ( ;
-
114 114 114 114 114
1. ?
() , () ,
: : : : : ()
2. ?
() ? ?() ? ?
: : : : : ()
3. ?
() ()
: : : : : ()
4. . . . .
() .
() , .
: : : : : ()
-2- -2- -2- -2- -2-
12. .
13. .
-
115115115115115 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
14. , .
15. .
= .ascetic; one who has renounced worldlythings and has taken to spiritual life.
= ,. ; antonym ofhermit or ascetic
= , . , harm, injury = ( )
, . , penance
= . , reward = = . , reward. wages = . , become poor = . , beg = . , (let him) suffer
:::::
( : 46)( : 46)( : 46)( : 46)( : 46):::::
. .
:::::
=
-
116 116 116 116 116
=
= .
:::::
( : 48)( : 48)( : 48)( : 48)( : 48):::::
, .
:::::
= .
=
=
= .
:::::
( : 261)( : 261)( : 261)( : 261)( : 261)
:::::
.
-
117117117117117 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
:::::
= ( ) /
=
= = .
:::::
( : 619)( : 619)( : 619)( : 619)( : 619)
: : : : :
.
:::::
=
=
=
=
:::::
( : 1062)( : 1062)( : 1062)( : 1062)( : 1062)
-
118 118 118 118 118
: : : : :
, , .
:::::
=
= , =
5. ?()
.
() .
: : : : : ()
6. .. . . . .() ,
() .
: : : : : ()
-
119119119119119 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
-3 - -3 - -3 - -3 - -3 -
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
= ; even one occupies the higher status
= . , good quality
= persons of lower status = () . , evil quality
=
= . , analyse
= ( ) . , seriousness
= , ., approach
:::::
. . . . .
( : 973)( : 973)( : 973)( : 973)( : 973) : : : : :
() .
-
120 120 120 120 120
, () .
:::::
= = = = = =
7. ?
()
()
: : : : : ()
: : : : :
/, , , .
!!!!!
- () () () , , , , .
/ , , .
,,,,, .
-
121121121121121 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
,,,,, .
, !
///// , ?
, ., ., ., ., .
1. --------- .
2. , ----------- ------------------.
3. , ;--------- --------------- .
4. ------------ ?
5. . -------------- .
6. -------- .
7. . ----------------- .
::::: 1. / 2. . . . . 3. . . . 4. 5. 6. 7.
-
122 122 122 122 122
- 10. - 10. - 10. - 10. - 10.
. . . . .
Lesson Introduction
Avvaiyar is one of the renowned poets who composed poetry in Tamil lan-
guage. The term Avvaiyar means Elderly Lady. Many women poets with the
name Avvaiyar have lived in Tamil Nadu in the past. Interesting events which had
taken place during their lifetime have been reported. We shall learn about one such
incident here.
- - - - -
. . .
, . . . . . .
. . .
-
123123123123123 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
. .
, `` . ! .
, ` ` ! . .
. . .
= ,hunting
= , mountain, hill
= ,cleft of a rock
= , a type of tree which give medicinalfruit
= , end of the branch = , ripened
= , rare
= , special feature
= , poet
= , worldof Tamils
-
124 124 124 124 124
= , mind
= , whole heartedly
. . . . .
, . . . . . .
1 .1 .1 .1 .1 . ? ? ? ? ?2.2 .2 .2 .2 . ? ? ? ? ?3 .3 .3 .3 .3 . ? ? ? ? ?4 .4 .4 .4 .4 . ? ? ? ? ?5 .5 .5 .5 .5 . ? ? ? ? ?
:::::
1. .2. .3. .4. .5. .
- - - - -
. . .
, . . . .
-
125125125125125 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
. .
. . .
. .
, `` . ! .
, ` ` ! . .
. . .
1. 1. 1. 1. 1. . . . . .
1. ?
) ) )
: : : : :
2.
) ) )
: : : : :
-
126 126 126 126 126
3. .) ) ) : : : : :
4.
) ) )
; ; ; ; ;
5. .
) ) )
: : : : :
2. .2. .2. .2. .2. .
- - - - -
:::::
- - - - -
-
127127127127127 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
3. 3. 3. 3. 3. . . . . .
:::::
------------- () . () .
1. ------------- () .
2. ------------- () .3. ------------ ()
.
4. ------------ () .
1. 2. 3. 4.
4. 4. 4. 4. 4. . . . . .
1. ------------- (/ )
2. -------------- (/)
3. ------------- (/)
4. ------------- (/ )
5. `` ----------(/) .
:::::
1. .2. .3. .4. .
-
128 128 128 128 128
5. `` .
5. .5. .5. .5. .5. .
1. .2. . 3. , . 4. 5. .
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129129129129129 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
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Lesson Introduction
Imagine that you are attending a wedding function and participating in the
feast. A variety of dishes with all tastes like Sweet, Sour and Spicy are being served.
You along with others enjoy the feast. This kind of feast with a variety of dishes and
tastes is called Palsuvai Virunthu in Tamil.
Palsuvai Paadalgal
Likewise you have come to learn Tamil Literature. In Tamil Literature you
have a variety of poems to entertain and make you happy. They express various
moods and feelings like anger, happiness, sorrow, love, affection, valour, laughter
etc. and while reading them, you get a mix of these tastes which you enjoy. This
type of poetry is called Palsuvai Paadalgal.
Chitrilakiyangal
During the beginning and end of the 18th century, this type of poems were
written in large numbers. In particular most of Chitrilakiyangal written those days
were of this Palsuvai nature or variety of tastes.
Chitrilakiyangal which stands for Tiny Literature are basically small in size
and meaning. But they give enormous satisfaction and literary thrill to the readers.
There are 96 types of Chitrilakiyaangal. Ulaa, Parani, Pillaithamizh, Pallu and
Kuravanchi are some of them.
Thanippaadalgal
Some of the Thanippaadalgal (or standalone poems) written during this pe-
riod are also of Palsuvai (or of multiple taste) in nature. Kaalamegam, Irattai
Pulavargal, Anthagakavi Veeraragavar are some authors of such poems.
In this lesson we are going to learn about three Palsuvai Paadalgal, two from
the Chitrilakiyaangal, Mukkudal Pallu and Kutraala Kuravanji, and the third from a
Thanippaadal written by Kalamega Pulavar.
Now proceed to the feast of Palsuvai Paadalgal.
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
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147147147147147 Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons Advanced Lessons
- 12. - 12. - 12. - 12. - 12.
. 1912 25 . , .. . . . . .
Dr.M.Varadharajan was born on 25th April 1912 in a small village called
Velam in the North Arcot District. His father was Munusamy and mother Amma
Kannu Ammaiyar. His house hold name was Thiruvengadam. In the early days he
has been working as a clerk in the Thirupathur Taluk Office. Later he has taken up
to the job of Tamil Teacher in the High School in the same town. Because of his
hard work, he has risen to the level of Professor and Head of Tamil Department in
the Madras University. No achievement is impossible with hard work! True to this
fact, the vice Chancellor post of Madurai Kamarajar University, has come to him.
, , .