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TALREFRACTING TELESCOPES TAL-�00RS TAL-�25R

INSTRuCTIONmANuAL

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NPZ Optics State Corp.(Novosibirsk Instrument-making plant)D.Kovalchuk�79/2Novosibirsk,630049RuSSIANFEDERATION Fax+7383226�594 prinsib@sol.ru; www.npzoptics.com

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Page

General instructions..............................4 Technical specifications..........................5 Inventory list ....................................6 Construction of the telescope......................8 Preparing telescope for observations................�� Assemblingthetelescope...........................�� Balancingthetelescope............................�2 Aligningthefinderscope............................13 Powersupplyandhandcontroller.....................14 Polaralignment...................................�5 Calibratingthesettingcircles........................�7 Observations....................................�8 Visualobservations................................�8 Astrophotography.................................�9 Maintenance....................................20 Collimation (alignment) of the optics ................2� Storage.........................................22 Acceptance certificate ............................23 AppendixA:Brighteststarsvisible intheNorthernHemisphere...............24

Due to continuous product improvements, specifications aresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.

Table Of CONTeNTS

GeNeral INSTruCTIONS

Warning!Never observe the Sun directly through your telescope or its finder scope - permanent eye damage could result.Do not let children hold observations through telescope without adult’s control.

The telescope is designed for visual observations of celestialobjects and for astronomical photography. It requires carefultreatmentandsomeknowledgeofastronomy.Onlyinthiscasetheuseoftelescopewillbringsatisfactiontoitsowner.Thetelescopemaybeusedatanambienttemperaturerangingfrom30°to-30°C.Whenbuying the telescope inspect thepackagetomakesurethat theoriginalpackaging is ingoodcondition,andsealsarenotbrokenormissing.Havingopenedthepackage,checkthepresenceofallcomponentsdescribedininventorylist.Readinstructionmanualfirstbeforeusingthetelescope.

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Specification

aperture, mm

focal length, mm

focal ratio

Telescope magnification, x

resolving power

limiting visual magnitude

Finderscope magnification, x

finderscope aperture, mm

focuser

right ascension turning angle

Declination turning angle

latitude adjustment range

Input voltage V aC

frequency, Hz

Power, Watts

Output voltage, V

Dimensions, mm:

OTa* length

Telescope height

OTa weight, kg

Telescope weight, kg

�25

��25

1:9

45;�80;

�"

�2,0m

630

�,25";2"

360о(24ч)±90о

0...70о

220

50

5

�2DC

�250�500

6,0

25

�00

�000

1:10

40;�60;

�,3"

��,2m

630

�,25";2"

360о(24ч)±90о

0...70о

220

50

5

�2DC

�080

�450

4,3

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Tal-100rS Tal-125r

*OpticalTubeAssembly

TeCHNICal SPeCIfICaTIONS

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INVeNTOry lIST

Component

Telescopefinderscope:

6Xx30Polar axis finderscope 6xx23equatorial mountMT-3S (MT-3S-2D):

withcounterweight2.2kgwithcounterweight3.7kg

Tripod:woodenmetal

Power supply Hand controllerPower cord (10 m)Spare parts and accessories:Plossleyepiecef’=6.3mmPlossleyepiecef’=25mmReticleT-adapterM42x0.75

Instruction manualOptional accessories:Pier:C75(1000mm)C110(800mm)

Plossleyepieces(1.25’’):f’=7.5mmf’=12.5mmf’=17mmf’=20mmf’=32mmf’=40mm

Superwideangleeyepieces(1.25’’):f’=10mm(60°)f’=15mm(65°)f’=20mm(65°)

+

++

-+

-++++

+++++

--

------

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+

++

+-

-++++

+++++

--

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---

Tal-100rS Tal-125r

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..

..

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Ultrawideangleeyepieces(80°):f’=15mm(1.25’’)f’=20mm(2’’)f’=24mm(2’’)f’=25mm(2’’)

Directobservationlens:PP-45°(1.25”)PP-45°(2”)2xBarlowlens3xBarlowlensGuideeyepieces12.5mm(1.25’’)Off-axisguider(2’’)ColorfiltersM28.5x0.6:

blackneutralyellowblueredgreen

ColorfiltersM48x0.75:blackneutralyellowblueredgreen

Powercordextensioncablewithcaradapter(10m)

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Component Tal-100rS Tal-125r

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CONSTruCTION Of THe TeleSCOPe

The telescope consists of threemainparts:optical tubeassembly(OTA) (1), German equatorialmount(2),apierortripod(3).

The optical tube isabasiccomponentofthetelescope.Itincludesallmainopticalunitssuchasaprimarymirror,acorrectorandaneyepieceunitwithfocusingmechanism.

A Refractor Telescope: parallelbeamofraysentersthetubeofthetelescopeandisprojectedatthefocalplaneof theeyepiece (2)with thehelpofachromaticeyepiece(1).Forcomfortobservationseyepieceunitisinclinedon90°relativelytotheopticalaxisofthetelescopewithhelpofflatdiagonalmirror(3).Astandardsetincludestwoeyepie-cesandaBarlowlens,whichallowobserving celestial objects withvariousrateofmagnification.TheOTA suppliedwith a finder-scope,makessearchingforceles-tialobjectseasier.Mirrors’ effective areas are cove-redwith high reflectionaluminumcoatingswithprotectivelevel.

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All lenses surfaces are coveredwithantireflectingcoating.The eyepiece unit includes afocuserwithaneyepiecetube.Focuseroffrictionaltypeconsistsofanaxiswithhandwheels(1)forshiftinganeyepiecetube.Smoothnessofaneyepiecemotionisregulatedwithascrew(2).Screw(3)fixesaneyepiecetubeintheadjustedposition.

The equatorial mount isdesignedfor pointing the telescope at thecelestial objects and tracking theirmovement.MT-3S mount consists of twoperpendicular axes: the polar axisandtheaxisofdeclination.ThereisamountingplatewithOTAringsonthetoppointofthedeclinationaxis,andacounterweightshaftwithcounter-weightsontheotherside.Themount headhas a clock driveembedded,which enables trackingofcelestialobjectswithuserdefinedspeed.Thespeedissetbyahandcontrollerandhas three tracking rates: solar,lunarandstellar,aswellastwoadditi-onalcorrectionspeeds-accelerationanddecelerationat50%.Handcon-trollerhasanightlightlamp.

�0

Forthefirstsight-inontheobject,loosen the telescope’sDec. andR.A.locks(1)andmovetheteles-copetocenteranobjectinthefieldofview.The fine alignment is done bymanualDec.slow-motioncontrols(2) onDec. axis, andR.A. slow-motioncontrols(3)embeddedintotheclockdrive.Thepolaraxishasembeddedpolaraxisfinderscope(optional)(4)andisfixedinatripod(pier)mountingheadwithalatitudedial.

The pier servesforholdinganequa-torialmountwithanOTA.Itconsistsofthetubeandthreeattachablelegs.The tripod canbebetterusedonaruggedterrain.

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aSSeMblING THe TeleSCOPe

Takeatripodoutof thepackage.Place the pier on a firm plainsurface. Regulate the neededheight with help of pullout legs,whicharefixedbyknobs(1).Thepin (2) should be oriented to theNorth.Thetripodisequippedwithanaccessoryshelf(3)forcomfortobservation.

Taketheequatorialmountoutofthepackageandplaceitonthetopofthetripod.Checkthepin(1)tobebetweentwoazimuthadjustmentknobs(2).Fixthemountonthetripodtightlywith help of knob (3).Make surethereisnowobblingofthemountonthetripod.

Threadthecounterweightshaft(2)intothebaseoftheDeclinationaxis(6)oftheequatorialmountandfixit with the lock-nut (5).Unscrewthe safety washer/knob (1) andslide thecounterweight (3) to themidpointonthecounterweightshaftandsecureitinplacewiththelockknob(4).Screwbackinthesafetywasher/knob(1).Fix the tube rings (7) on themountingand lay out theOTA intherings.

PreParING TeleSCOPe fOr ObSerVaTIONS

�2

Place the finderscopebracket (1)inthewedgeslides.Fixthefinder-scopewithsixthumbscrews(2).

Placethepolaraxis inthehorizontalposition(0°onthelatitudedial),usingthewidthadjustmentmechanism(1)withtheloosenslow-motioncontrol(2).Enableunrestrictedmotionof thepolar axis, turning the handle (1)counterclock-wise.Slide the counterweights alongthe counterweight shaft until theycounterbalancetheOTA.Fixthepolaraxis.NowenableunrestrictedmotionoftheDec.axis,turningthehandle(2)counterclock-wise.FixthetubeandtheDec.axis.Repeatbalancingeachtimewhenplacing additional accessories onthetelescopictube,suchasphotoand video cameras, eyepieces,guidesandotherdevices,whichen-largetheweightoftheOTA.Keepinmindthatifthetelescopeisnotbalancedproperly, theclockdriveperiodicerrorwillincrease.

balaNCING THe TeleSCOPe

Toprovideasmoothmotionofthetelescopeandreliableoperationofequatorialmountdrives,thebalancingofthetelescopesisrequired.

�3

Place the crosshair (2) into theeyepiece f’=25mm (1) and theninsert theeyepieceinthefocusertube(3).Point the telescopeat thedistantobject (at least 400meters/yardsaway), and then center it in thetelescopic field of viewusing thereticle.FixtelescopeinthispositionwiththeR.A.andDec.locks.Now, looking through the finderscopeandusingthesixalignmentthumbscrews,centertheobjectontheintersectionofthecrosshairsofthefinderscope. In future,checkthe coalignment of the telescopeandthefinderscopepriortoobser-vations.

alIGNING THe fINDer SCOPe

Highmagnificationofthemaintelescopemakesitdifficulttofindarequiredcelestialobjectintheskybecauseofthesmallfieldofview.Thisiswhythetelescopeisequippedwithalow-powerfinderscopewithawidefieldofview.Thefinderscopemakesiteasiertolocatetheobjectyouwantandthentoobserveitinthefieldofviewofthetelescope.However,fortheproperuseofthefinderscope,itmustbealignedwiththemaintelescope,sothatboththefinderscopeandthetelescopepointatthesamepositioninthesky.

�4

Place the switch of the powersupplyinthe“0”position.Connect the power supply �2Voutputwiththemountsocketusingthepowercord.Plug in thepowersupply into the220/��0VACpoweroutlet.Placetheswitchofthepowersupplyinthe“l”position.TheLEDlightonthepowersupplyshouldturnon.Connecthandcontrollertothemountwiththespecialcutoffpoint(1).

Pressoneofthespeedbuttons(1)to start the clock drive.The LEDlightonthehandcontrollershouldturnon(2).Pushthesamebuttonagaintostoptheclockdrive.Press one of the two speedcorrection buttons (3)while clockdriveisworking,ifnecessary.TheLED light on the hand controllershould blink (2) while button ispresseddown.

POWer SuPPly aND HaND CONTrOller

Warning!always connect power supply to the mount using the power cord with power supply disconnected from the power outlet. use only original manufacturer’s power supply fuse or analogue (consult your dealer). always disconnect all the power, if replacing the power supply fuse.

�5

If the telescope is used in theSouthernhemisphere,thedirectionoftheclockdriverotationmustbechanged.This isdonewithhelpofswitcherinsidethehandcontroller.Open the hand controller coverand place the inside switchwith«N/S» (North/South)markings intherequiredposition.

Releasethelatitudelock(1).Usinglatitudeadjustmentknob(2),moveR.A.axisupordowninordertosetthe latitude of your location (seelatitudedial).Re-tightenthelatitudelock(1).

POlar alIGNMeNT

DuetotheEarth’srotation,celestialobjectsmoveinthetelescopefieldofview(thehigher telescopemagnification- thefaster thosemovementsappear).Polaralignmentofthetelescopeallowsmorecomfortableobservations,becauseyoucanfollowobjectsbymovingthetelescopeaboutoneaxis,thepolaraxis(orRightAscension(R.A.)axis),whichisinparallelwiththeEarth’saxis.

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ForvisualobservationspointtheR.A.(polar)axisofthetelescopetowardsPolaris(αUMi).Seethepicture.With this level of point ingaccuracy, very little use of theDec.slow-motioncontrolisnece-ssary for celestial objects tra-cking.Lesscorrectionisrequired,when polar alignment is donemoreprecisely.

moreprecisepolaralignmentisrequiredforastrophotography.MT-3S mount equipped witha polar axis finder scope (1),for precise polar alignment,with a reticle illumination.Thereticle also hasmajor stars ofthe ursa minor constellation,includingPolaris,depictedfortheNorthernhemi-sphere,andstarsoftheOctansconstellationforthesouthernhemisphere.Match stars depicted on thereticlewith thecelestialobjectsinthesky,usingazimuth(2)andlatitude (3) adjustment knobsandrotatingthepolaraxisfinderscopearounditsaxis.

ursamajor

Axisofdec-

linations

Polaraxis

Polaris

�7

Level the Dec. axis (put it in thehorizontalposition)andbyrotatingR.A. setting circle put it in a «0»(zero)position(seepicture).

FortheDec.settingcirclecalibrationfindabrightstarfromthestaratlas,and bring selected object to thecenterofthetelescopicfieldofview.RotatingDec.settingcircle(1),settheDeclinationofthestarobserved.CorrectDec.settingcirclecalibra-tionbyselectingnextstar.

CalIbraTING THe SeTTING CIrCleS

R.A.andDec.axeshavesettingcircles,whichenableobservertolocateanobjectintheskybyitscelestialcoordinates–rightascension(R.A.)andDeclination(Dec.).Calibration of setting circles is done after polar alignment of thetelescope.

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ObSerVaTIONS

Pointthetelescopeatanychosenobject, and do some coarseadjustments toput it in thefinderscopefieldofview.Thencentertheobject usingslowmotioncontrols–firstinthefinderscopeandthenin the main telescope field ofview,whenobservingthroughtheeyepiece.

Use focus knobs to focus,whenchangingeyepieces.Provided eyepieces give severalmagnif icat ion options for anobserver.

VISual ObSerVaTIONS

Whenusinghighermagnificationnotonlythevisibleimagesizeappearslargerinthetelescope,butalsoblurringanddistortionoftheimage,startwinkle,causedbyatmospherebecomemoresignificant.Pleasenotethatsomenightscouldhavebadobservationconditionsbecauseoftheatmosphericturbulence.EvenobservingfineMoonsurfacedetailscanbedifficult.Avoidobservationsthroughawindow,becauseofthewindowglassaberrations,andtemperaturedifferencesbetweeninsideandoutsideair,whichwillcauseimagestolookblurredanddistorted.Putasoftcoveronthetelescopeanditspowersupplyafterobserva-tions,ortoprotectitfromrain/snow.

Tal-100rSPlosslf'=25mm Plosslf'=6.3mm

40x �60x

Tal-125rPlosslf'=25mm Plosslf'=6.3mm

45x �80x

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..

..

..

�9

Tomountthecameraontheteles-cope, take themirror (1) and acamera adapter (2) away andunscrewthecameraobjective.

Screwthecameraadapterintothefocuserdrawtube.

AttachtheT-ring(T-adapter)tothecameraandthreaditontotheca-meraadapter.

Preciseguidingcanbedonewithanoff-axisguideroraguide-telescope(soldseparately).

Use slowmotion controls andbuttonsofhandcontrollertoavoidshiftingofthestarfromthereticle.

To minimize such adjustmentsandforbetterphotographyqualitymore precise polar alignment isrequired.

aSTrOPHOTOGraPHy

Astrophotography is executedwith compact reflex camerawithobjective threadM42x1 (M42x0.75 threadcameraadapter isalsosuppliedwiththetelescope).

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Inordertokeeptelescopeingoodoperatingconditiononeshouldprovidegoodcareandmaintenancefortheinstrument.Pleasenotethat lensormirror surfaces shouldbe cleanedas infrequently aspossible,onlywhenabsolutelynecessary.

Optics self-cleaning only permitted after expiration of manufac-turer limited warranty!

Keeptelescopecleanandprotectitfromanyphysicaldamage.

Useaclean,softclothtoremovedustfromallmetallicsurfaces.Thenwipethemwithaclothwettedinacid-freevaselineanddrywithanapkin.

Wipetheobjectiveandeyepiecelensesbydrylinennapkin.Greasespotsremovebycottoncloth,wettedwiththepurespirit(alcohol).

Usethecottoncloth,wettedwiththepurespirit(alcohol),withoutpressuretocleanthesecondarymirrorsurface,havingremoveddustfromtheirsurfacesbysoftbrushfirsttoavoidsmallscratches.

Keepthedustcoveronthefrontofthetelescopeandtheendcaponthefocusertubewhennotinuse.

MaINTeNaNCe

2�

Set thePlossl f’=6.3mm into theOTA.

Point thetelescopetoanystarof4m-5mmagnitude.

Takeawaythecup(1)andsecurestardiffraction imagewithhelpoffourknobs.Stardiffraction imageshouldhaveroundkernelandnotmorethan2roundrings. Breaksand kernel form change are notallowed.Effectivenessreductionwithinfirstdiffractionringisallowedonly.

Iftheweatherdoesnotallowgettingthe clear diffraction imageof thestar,maketheadjustmentorientingon slightly out-of-focus image,but the energy should be spreadequallyaroundthekernel.Such operations require certainskillsandqualifications.

COllIMaTION (alIGNMeNT) Of THe OPTICS

Incaseofaccidentalmirrorsmisalignmentoraftercleaningopticalparts,telescopecollimationmightbenecessary.

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STOraGe

The telescopemust be kept in a clean, dry (humiditymust notexceed80%),dust-freeplacewithanambienttemperaturebetween+5°and+40°C.

Avoidcollisionandshakingofthetelescope.

It isprohibited tostoreacids,alkalis,andanychemicallyactivesubstances,whichmayproduceevolvedgasorvaporharmfulfortheoptics,atthesameplacewiththetelescope.

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Telescope____________,serial#___________

Equatorialmount,serial#_____________

Passedtheproductapprovalandfoundserviceable.

Manufacturingdate__________________

Signatures_____________________

aCCePTaNCe CerTIfICaTe

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Appendix A

brightest stars visible in the Northern Hemisphere

Star Constellation r. a.2000.0

Declination2000.0

Visiblemagnitude

AlpheratzmirachPolarisMirfakAldebaranRigelCapellaBetelgeuseSiriusCastorProcyonPolluxRegulusmerakDubhePhecdaAliothmizarSpicaAlcaidArcturusVegaAltairDeneb

αAndβAndαumiαPerαTauβOriαAurαOriαCmaαGemαCmiβGemαLeoβumaαumaγumaεumaζumaαVirη umaαBooαLyrαAqlαCyg

AndromedaAndromedaursaminorPerseusTaurusOrionAurigaOrionCanismajorGeminiCanismajorGeminiLeoursamajorursamajorursamajorursamajorursamajorVirgoursamajorBootesLyraAquilaCygnus

2.07m

2.07m

�.97m

�.79m

0.87m

0.�8m

0.08m

0.45m

-�.44m

�.58m

0.40m

�.�6m

�.36m

2.34m

�.8�m

2.4�m

�.76m

2.23m

0.98m

�.85m

-0.05m

0.03m

0.76m

�.25m

+29о05'+35о37'+89о15'+49о51'+�6о30'-8о12'

+45о59'+7о24'-�6о42'+3�о53'+5о13'

+28о01'+��о58'+56о22'+6�о45'+53о41'+55о57'+54о55'-��о09'+49о18'+�9о10'+38о47'+8о52'

+45о16'

0h08m

�h09m

2h3�m

3h24m

4h35m

5h�4m

5h�6m

5h55m

6h45m

7h34m

7h39m

7h45m

�0h08m

��h0�m

��h03m

��h53m

�2h54m

�3h23m

�3h25m

�3h47m

�4h�5m

�8h36m

�9h50m

20h4�m