Take out a scrap piece of paper… List 2 acids and 2 bases.
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Transcript of Take out a scrap piece of paper… List 2 acids and 2 bases.
![Page 1: Take out a scrap piece of paper… List 2 acids and 2 bases.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56649ec95503460f94bd696e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Acids and Bases
Take out a scrap piece of paper…List 2 acids and 2 bases
![Page 2: Take out a scrap piece of paper… List 2 acids and 2 bases.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56649ec95503460f94bd696e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
By the end of today you should be able to…
Define acid, base, pH, and buffer
Describe why substances below a pH of 7 are acidic and why substances above a pH of 7 are basic
Describe 2 examples of pH in your body
GOALS
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A solution is…◦A mixture where all the components are
evenly distributed (salt water)
When substances like salt or sugar dissolve in water the break up into ions ◦NaCl Na+ and Cl-
Sometimes we call ions electrolytes◦Like in Gatorade!
Recall…
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A molecule of water (H2O) can break apart as well
H2O H+ and OH-
Number of positive ions = number of negative ions
So water is Neutral
Water
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pH Scale – a measurement system used to show the amount of H+ in a solution
“potential hydrogen” 0 – 14; pH of 7 has equal parts H+ and OH-
That’s why H2O is neutral!
What if H+ and OH- weren’t equal?!
The pH Scale
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Acid – a compound that forms H+ ions when in a solution
Contain more H+ ions than pure water Have a pH value below 7
The lower the pH, the stronger the acid
Taste sour or tangy
Acids
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Milk = 6.6 Tomatoes = 4.5 Vinegar = 2.5 Lemon Juice = 2.0 Battery Acid = 1.0
Common Acids
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Base – a compound that forms OH- ions when dissolved in a solution
Contain fewer H+ ions than pure water pH value above 7
The higher the pH the stronger the base
Make your skin feel slippery
Bases
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Blood = 7.4 Baking Soda = 8.3 Ammonia = 11.0 Bleach = 12.6
Common Bases
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pH Scale
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Buffer – a substance that helps to prevent sudden changes in pH
This is especially useful in the body where some chemical reactions only work at certain pH levels
Buffer
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We use acids and bases in every day life
◦ Many household cleaners are bases
◦ Some of the foods we eat are acids
◦ Farmers must maintain the pH of the soil
◦ We monitor the pH of our swimming pools
Why is pH Important?
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Digestion◦Stomach acid has a pH of 1-2 ◦This is necessary to break down the foods
we eat
Blood◦Blood has a pH around 7.4◦pH plays an important role in the amount of
oxygen carried by your blood
pH in the Body
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Enzymes◦pH is extremely important to enzymes◦Enzymes control almost all chemical
reaction in your body◦They will only work at specific pH levels!
pH in the Body