Tajweed Rules in Charts

8/8/2019 Tajweed Rules in Charts

1/22

Assalamu alaikum. Alhamdu lillah, we have finally completed the version ( Dated: 6 th February 2008 ) of thiswork that provides you with charts on Rules of Tajweed . We don t claim to be an expert in this area but we havetried our best to develop this tajweed material by referring to few books. We believe that this material would beuseful to those who are teaching Tajweed. Also, this can be used as a reference material. In order to develop thismaterial, we have referred to the following books:1. Moulana Muhammad Ibrahim Sahib Baaqavi, Hidayathus sifyan fi tajweedil Quran , Haadi Publishers,Chennai, India. [In Tamil]2. Dr. Abdul-majid Khan, Tajwid: The art of recitation of the Holy Quran , Urdu Academy Sind, Karachi,Pakistan. [In English]3. , , Dar Ibn Hajam, Beirut, Lebanon. [In Arabic]

4. Umm Muhammad, A Brief Introduction to Tajweed , Abul-Qasim Publishing House, Jeddah. [In English]

We ask Allah to forgive our shortcomings and accept our efforts. Please provide us with suggestions and/or comments for further improvement. We acknowledge the help of many brothers and sisters in the preparation of

this document. May Allah reward them all, aameen.Please remember us and our parents in your prayers.

Contact Email: [email protected] Address:M.I. Seyed Mohamed Buhari,24-E, Mohideen Street,

Kayalpatnam 628 204.Tamil Nadu. INDIA.

TAJWEED RULES

PREFACE

1


2/22

RULES OF TAJ WEED

RULES O F

S TOPPING

P U N C T U AT I O N

MARKS

S TOPPING AND

INITIATION

MOLARTO N G U E

PALATAL

C O NS O N A N TS

UVULAR

C O NS O N A N TS

PHARYNGEAL (T H R O AT)

C O NS O N A N TS

N AS AL CAVITY (N AS ALIZATION)

LABIAL (LIP)

C O NS O N A N TS

I N T E R - D E N TA L

A LV E O - D E N TA L

D E N TA L

C O NS O N A N TS

ALVEOLAR

C O NS O N A N TS

PLACES OF ARTICULATION

RULES OF MADD

ASS IMILATION

RULES OF RAA

RULES OF LAAM

RULES OF MEEM

S AKINAHN O O N S AKINAH A N D

TANWEEN

MUS H A D D A D N O O N

AND MEEM

QALQALAH

RULES O FLETTERS

2


3/22

THE RULES OF LETTERS

RULES O F

M A D D

RULES O F

ASS IMILATION

RULES OF RAA

RULES O F

LAAM

RULES O F

MUS H A D D A D N O O NAND MEEM

RULES OF MEEM

S AKINAH

RULES O FQALQALAH

RULES O F N O O N

S AKINAH AND TANWEEN

NATURAL MADD

DERIVED MAD DIDENTICALLETTERS

S AME PLACE OFARTICULATION

CL OS E PLACE O FARTICULATION

I T H - H A A RS HAFAWI

I D G H A A MS HAFAWI

IKHFAAS HAFAWI

I T H - H A A R

I D G H A A M

IKHFAA

IQLAAB

LAAMJ ALALAH

LAAM T A'RIF

LAAM

QAMARIYYAH

LAAM

S H AMS I Y YA H

LAAM OF

VERB

T HE RULES O F LETTERS [Con t d ... ]

3


4/22

W A YS T O S TART RECITINGS URAHS

PERMITTE D WAYSTO RECITE

READ , A N D S EPARATELY

READ , A N D J OINTLY

READ , J OINTLY A N D

S EPARATELY

READ S EPARATELY . T HEN A N D

J OINTLY

WA YS OF RECITINGS URAHSC O N T I N U O US LY

PERMITTE D WAYSTO RECITE

READ CURRENT , A N D N E X T

S EPARATELY

READ CURRENT S EPARATELY . T H E N A N D N E X T J OINTLY

READ CURRENT , A N D N E X T

J OINTLY

WAY N O TPERMITTE D TO

RECITE

READ CURRENT , J OINTLY A N D N E X T

S EPARATELY

4


5/22

,

,

N O O N S AKINAH O R TANWEEN

I D G H A A MIQLAABIKHFAAI T H - H A A R

(READ CLEARLY)

(Wi t h S t re ss )

(Ass im i la t ion o f on e le tt e r in t o a no t he r)

(C O N V E RT O R TANWEEN T O )

(US E N OS E)

(Wit hou t S t re ss )

RULES F O R READING C H A R A C T E RS T H AT APPEAR AFTER N O O N S AKINAH O R TANWEEN

O R

,

,

,

,

,

Exc e p t ion s in Idgh aa m :1

. Idgh aa m do e s no t a pp ly in on e word [ a nd ]

2. Idgh aa m do e s no t a pp ly if t he re is s a kt a be t wee n t he word s

3. If O R a pp ea rs in s a m e word af t e r , Rea d c lea r ly ( )

5


6/22

MEEM S AKINAH

I D G H A A M S HAFAWI

IKHFAA S HAFAWI

I T H - H A A R S HAFAWI

(READ CLEARLY)

O T H E R L E T T E RS EXCEPT &

(Wi t h S t re ss )(US E N OS E , WITH

S T RESS )

RULES F O R READING C H A R A C T E RS T H AT APPEAR AFTER MEEM S AKINAH

RULES O F MUS H A D D A D N O O N A N D MEEM

R EA D A N D WITH S T RESS , EVEN WHILE S TOPPING

For Noon S ha dd a h : ,

For Mee m S ha dd a h : ,6


7/22

RULES F O R

READING

QALQALAH

C H A R A C T E RS

T H AT

APPEAR

W I T H

S UKUN: READ W I T H E C H O S O U N D

QALQALAH

[WEAK E C H O ]

IF A N Y O N E O F T H E QALQALAH C H A R A C T E RS W I T H S UKUN APPEARS

IN T H E MIDDLE OF A W O R D

[S T R O N G E C H O ]

IF A N Y O N E O F T H E QALQALAH C H A R A C T E RS W I T H S UKUN

APPEARS A T T HE EN D O F A W O R D A N D W H E N WE S T OP A T IT

7


8/22

RULES O F I D G H A A M

I D G H A A M

IF S UKUN IS FOLLOWED BY - O R - O R -

MU T AMAA T HILAIN MU T A Q ARIBAIN MU T AJ A NIS AIN

IF T H E S UKUN LETTER A N D T HE N E X T LETTER ARE S AME

IF T H E S UKUN LETTER A N D T HE N E X T LETTER ARE DIFFERENT BU T WITH S AME ORIGIN

IF T HE S UKUN LETTER A N D T HE N E X T LETTER ARE DIFFERENT BU T W I T H CLOS E - B Y ORIGIN

Exc e p t ion s in Idhg aa m : The re wi ll be no m e rg e r1

. If bo t h ide n t ic al le tt e rs a re wi t h ha ra ka h

2. If bo t h le tt e rs a re le tt e rs o f Ma dd [ a nd ]

3 . If t he re is a s a kt a be t wee n t wo ide n t ic al le tt e rs

If t he le tt e rs o f Ma dd a re Lee n le tt e rs [ or pr e c ee de d by fa t ha h] , t he n t he re wi ll be a c omp le t e

m e rg e r wi t hou t na s al iza t ion

is pronoun c e d a s

8


9/22

RULES FO R READING 'RAA' D UE T O C H A R A C T E RS O R H A R A K A H T H AT APPEAR

O N O R BEFORE O R AFTER I T

RULES O F 'RAA'

S T R O N G S O FT

B O T H TYPES T R O N G &

S O FT

1. RAA W I T H FAT H A H O R D H A M M A H O R FAT H ATA I N O R

DHAMMATAIN [ ]2

. S AME AS 1 S T POINT BU T WITH S H A D D A H [ ]

3. RAA W I T H S UKUN A N D T HE LETTER BEFORE IS EITHER

WITH D H A M M A H O R FAT H A H [ , ]4

. RAA W I T H S UKUN A N D T HE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH

S UKUN A N D T HE LETTER BEFORE T H AT IS W I T H FAT H A H O R D H A M M A H [ , ]5

. RAA W I T H S UKUN A N D T HE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH TRUE KAS RA H A N D T H E LETTER AFTER RAA IS A N Y O N E OF T H ES E C H A R A C T E RS ( ) CALLED AS 6

. RAA W I T H S UKUN A N D T HE LETTER BEFORE IS WITH

TEMPORARY KAS RA H [ ]

1. RA A WITH KAS RA H O R KAS RATAIN [ , ]

2. S AME AS 1 S T POINT BU T W I T H S H A D D A H [ , ]

3. RA A WITH S UKUN A N D T H E LETTER BEFORE IS WITH

KAS RA H [ ]

4. RA A WITH S UKUN A N D T H E LETTER BEFORE IS WITH

S UKUN A N D T H E LETTER BEFORE T H AT IS WITH KAS RA H [ ]

5. RA A WITH S UKUN A N D T HE LETTER BEFORE IS

WITH S UKUN A N D T H E LETTER BEFORE T H AT IS WITH FAT H A H [ ]6

. T HE W O R D

1. - - PREFER S O FT

2. - - PREFER S O FT

3. - - PREFER S T R O N G

,,

,,,

,

,,

9


10/22

RULES F O R READING LAAM

LAAM IN T HE W O R D

S T R O N G

O R

IF FAT H A H O R D H A M M A H APPEARS BEFORE

S OF T

IF KAS RA H APPEARS BEFORE

LAAM IN W O R DS O T H E R T H A N

S OF T

LAAM S H AMS I Y YA H

LAAM IS N O T P R O N O U N C E D

LAAM QAMARIYYAH

LAAM IS P R O N O U N C E D

,

,

,

LAAM TA'RIF

READING LAAM WITH O T H E R C H A R A C T E RS

LAAM O F VERB

Pronoun c e d a s , if a t t he be ginning or midd le o f

t he ve rb

Pronoun c e d a s , if fo ll ow e d by raa or laa m

,

is pronoun c e d a s

Exc e p t ion : No Idgh aa m if t he re is s a ka t a

10


11/22

RULES FO R READING ALIF

READING ALIF

S T R O N G S O F T

IF A N Y O N E O F T HE C H A R A C T E RS ( )

APPEAR BEFORE ALIF, READ ALIF S T R O N G LY

IF C H A R A C T E RS O T H E R T H A N

C H A R A C T E RS APPEAR BEFORE ALIF, READ ALIF

S OFTLY

11


12/22

RULES FO R READING M A D D C H A R A C T E RS [1 ]

,

,

RULES O F M A D D

N AT U R A L M A D D

DERIVED M A D D

1. M A D D S H O U L D N O T BE

FOLLOWED BY S UKUN [ ] O R H A M Z A H [ ]2

. READ AS O NE ALIF

3. O T H E R NAMES: ' J AATI '

O R 'TABAYI '

M A D D S HOULD BE FOLLOWED BY S UKUN

[

] O R

H A M Z A H

[ ]

M A D D M U T TAS IL

M A D D MUNFAS IL

M A D D LAAZIM

M A D D AARIDH

1. M A D D IS FOLLOWED

BY H A M Z A H IN S AME W O R D2

. READ AS 4 T O 5 ALIF

3. O T H E R NAME: 'MADD

W AJIB '

1. M A D D IS FOLLOWED BY

H A M Z A H IN DIFFERENT W O R D2


3. O T H E R NAME: 'MADD

J AIZ '


BY S UKUN AS LI [REAL S UKUN]2



BY TEMPORARY S UKUN2

. READ AS A N Y O N E O F

T H R E E TYPES [R efe r ne xt pa ge ]

Contd ...

M A D D BADAL

M A D D I WA D H

M A D D L E T T E R IS PRECEEDED BY H A M Z A H

ALIF REPLACES FAT H ATA I N W H E N O NE S T OPS O N IT

,, IS READ AS

12


13/22

RULES F O R READING M A D D C H A R A C T E RS [2 ]

M A D D LAAZIM

M A D D AARIDH

READING IN A N Y O N E TYPE IS

O UR C H O I C E [B E C O NS IS T E N T ]

KALIMA M U T H A Q Q A L

KALIMA MUKHAFFAF

HARFI M U T H A Q Q A L

HARFI MUKHAFFAF

S H A D D A H APPEARS

AFTER IN O NE W O R D -

S UKUN APPEARS AFTER IN O NE W O R D -

S H A D D A H APPEARS O N IN O NE C H A R A C T E R

S UKUN APPEARS O N IN O NE C H A R A C T E R

Q AS R

READ AS O NE ALIF

TAWASS U T

READ AS 2 O R 3 ALIF

T O O L

READ AS 5 ALIF

Exc e p t ion : The word in c a n be rea d wi t h or wi t hou t

ONLY PLACE

C H A N G E T O

13


14/22

RULES F O R READING M A D D C H A R A C T E RS

S. No.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Name of Madd

Explanation

and appear adjacently in one word

and appear adjacently but in twowords

Convert the fatha or kasra or dammah or kasratain or dammathain at the end to sukun, while stopping

is followed by or or

Convert fathathain at the end to Alif, whilestopping

is followed by sukun [ ]

is followed by saddha in one word

,

Haa Dameer ( ) is followed by

Haa Dameer ( ) is followed by any character other than

Hamzah Isthifham ( ) is followed by Shaddah

Madd ( , , ) should not be followed bysukun or Hamzah

is followed by

Examples

is c ha ng e d t o

Elongation inCounts ( )

2 to 5

2 to 6

2

2

6

6

6

2

2 to 6

6

6

2

2

,,,

,

is c ha ng e d t o

is actually

,

,,

,

is c ha ng e d t o

,

,

,,

First 14 Madd types are called as

5

2

14


15/22

RULES O F HURUF LEEN

HURUF LEEN

,

M A D D LEEN LAAZIM

1. HURUF LEEN IS FOLLOWED

BY TRUE S UKUN2

. READ AS O R O R .

BU T IS B E T T E R

M A D D LEEN AARIDH

1. HURUF LEEN IS FOLLOWED

BY TEMPORARY S UKUN2

. READ AS O R O R

N O O N Q U T N I

IF S UKUN APPEARS AFTER

TANWEEN, T H E N:1

. C H A N G E TANWEEN T O KAS RA H2

. A D D A N O O N W I T H KAS R A H

BETWEEN T H E M

Exc e p t ion :1

. IF WE S T OP A T TANWEEN,

THERE IS N O N O O N Q U T N I

2. IN , S TOPPING IS

BETTER

ONLY T W O PLACES

,

,

15


16/22

RULES OF S ILAH

S ILAH MEANS READING

ELONGATEDLY LIKE

S ILAH BI L Y A H

IF K AS RA H COMES BEFORE , READ

LIKE O F

S ILAH BI L WA V

IF FAT H A H O R D H A M M A H COMES

BEFORE , READ LIKE O F

Exc e p t ion : D H A M M A H APPEARS O N INS T E A D O F KAS RA H

IN S U R A H

IN S U R A H

Exc e p t ion : S UKUN APPEARS O N INS T E A D O F KAS RA H

IN S URAH IN S URAH

Exc e p t ion : N O BECAUS E T H E Y ARE N O T BU T PART O F T H E

W O R D ITS EL F

IN S URAH IN S URAH IN S URAH

Exc e p t ion : IF W I T H S UKUN APPEARS BEFORE , READ W I T H

KAS RA H BU T W I T H O U T E L O N G AT I O N

BU T READ WITH E L O N G AT I O N

Exc e p t ion : IFANYTHING EXCEPT W I T H S UKUN APPEARS BEFORE ,

READ W I T H D H A M M A H

GENERAL RULE: IF A LETTER W I T H S UKUN APPEARS BEFORE , T H E N WE WON'T READ ELONGATEDLY

Exc e p t ion : D H A M M A H O F

IS N O T E L O N G AT E D

IN S URAH

Exc e p t ion : IF APPEARS BEFORE , T H E N A T T HE

EN D WILL BE REMOVED.S O , T H E R E IS N O E L O N G AT I O N

IS READ AS

16


17/22

RULES O F H A M Z A H

RULES O F H A M Z A H

H A M Z A H WAS L

H A M Z A H Q AT H

1. IF A W O R D S TA RTS W I T H S UKUN, WE

A D D A H A M Z A H T O IT

2 . T HIS H A M Z A H IS TEMPORARY H A M Z A H 3. IF T HIS H A M Z A H APPEARS BETWEEN

T W O W O R DS , T H E N IT WILL N O T BE READ

1. T HIS H A M Z A H IS PART O F T HE

W O R D2

. IF T HIS H A M Z A H APPEARS

BETWEEN T W O W O R DS , IT WILL BE READ

IF BEGINS W I T H A N D T H I R D LETTER O F T HE W O R D IS D H A M M A H, T H E N D H A M M A H IS

GIVEN T O H A M Z A H

IF BEGINS W I T H A N D T H I R D LETTER OF T HE W O R D IS FAT H A H O R KAS RA H, T H E N

KAS RA H IS GIVEN T O H A M Z A H

IF T HE W O R D BEGINS W I T H DEFINITE ARTICLE , T H E N

FAT H A H IS GIVEN T O H A M Z A H

is rea d a s is rea d a s

is rea d a s

is rea d a s

IF BEGINS W I T H , T H E N

KAS RA H IS GIVEN T O H A M Z A H

17


18/22

A M O N G T W O W O R DS , IF T HE FI RS T W O R D EN DS W I T H S UKUN A N D T HE

S E C O N D W O R D S TA RTS WITH S UKUN

IF T H E LETTER W I T H S UKUN IN T HE FI RS T

W O R D IS A M A D D LETTER, T HIS M A D D

LETTER IS REMOVED

IF T H E LETTER W I T H S UKUN IN T HE FI RS T

W O R D IS N O T A M A D D LETTER, T H E N READ

O R W I T H D H A M M A H

IF T HE LETTER WITH S UKUN IN T HE FI RS T W O R D IS FROM [ZAR], READ T HE

W I T H FAT H A H

IF T HE LETTER WITH S UKUN IN T HE FI RS T W O R D IS N O T M A D D A N D N O T FROM

[ZAR], T H E N READ T HE S UKUN LETTER WITH

KAS RA H

EXCEPTION: IN S H O U L D BE

READ W I T H FAT H A H

18


19/22

RULES O F S TOPPING

RULES FO R ENDING A S E N T E N C E

C H A N G E FAT H A H O R D H A M M A H O R KAS RA H O R DHAMMATAIN O R

KAS RATAIN T O S UKUN

C H A N G E FAT H ATA I N T O ALIF C H A N G E

T O

N O TAT I O NS IN H O LY QURAN

MUS

T S

T OPO or or or

or or

MUS

T N O T

S T OP PREFERRED

T O S T OP

PREFERRED

N O N -S T OP

or - or or or

S T OP A N D

N O N -S

T OP

ARE S AME

or or [a bov e O or ]

1. S T OP A T O NE : .

A N D N O T

A T

A N O T H E R : .2

. DIFFERENT

OPINION PE RS IS TS F O R

1. S TOPPED A T

2. PREFER S TOPPING A T

3

. PREFER N O N -S T OP A T

S T OP AS

S T OP AS

S T OP AS S T OP AS

OBS ERVE AS

PREVIOUS

S YMBOL IN T H E A AYA H

GENERAL RULE:1. WE MUST STOP AT . IF NOT, THE MEANING WILL CHANGE.

2. FOR NOTATIONS OTHER THAN : IF YOU ARE NOT ABLE TO READ CONTINUOUSLY, YOU CAN STOP AT ANY PLACE. BUT WHILE CONTINUING, WE SHOULD REPEAT ONE OR

TWO WORDS PRECEEDING THE PLACE AT WHICH WE STOPPED.

19


20/22

RULES O F S A K TA

S A K TA: S T OP T H E S O U N D BU T D O N ' T BREAK T HE B R E AT H

IN S URAH

IN S URAH

IN S URAH

IN S URAH

A C C O R D I N G T O S O ME S C H O L A RS

IN S U R A H

GENERAL RULE: THERE IS NO SAKTAAT THE POINT OF STOPPING

20


21/22

T H E PLACES O F ARTICULATION

MOLAR

C O NS O N A N T

PALATAL

C O NS O N A N TS

UVULAR

C O NS O N A N TS

LABIAL (LIP)

C O NS O N A N TS

I N T E R - D E N TA L C O NS O N A N TS

A LV E O - D E N TA L

C O NS O N A N TS

D E N TA L

C O NS O N A N TS

ALVEOLAR

C O NS O N A N TS

PHARYNGEAL

(T H R O AT) C O NS O N A N TS

LOWER T H R O AT

MIDDLE T H R O AT

UPPER T H R O AT

N AS AL C AV I T Y (N AS ALIZATION)

ORAL C AV I T Y

(VOWELS )

T H E PLACES O F ARTICULATION

21


22/22

22

Tajweed Rules in Charts

Documents

Transcript of Tajweed Rules in Charts