Tajweed - adsmanager.com · It’s Principles: 1-Knowledge of Articulation Points. 2-Knowledge of...
Transcript of Tajweed - adsmanager.com · It’s Principles: 1-Knowledge of Articulation Points. 2-Knowledge of...
TajweedLiteral Meaning (لغوی معنی)
تحسین
To beautify.
Arabic Term ( معنیاصطالحي )
.ہر حرف کو اسکے مخرج سے ادا کرنا
.اسکی صفات کا حق ادا کرنا
To say every word from it’s specific Makhraj.
To give every letter it’s right In its Characteristics
too.
It’s Principles:
1-Knowledge of Articulation Points.
2-Knowledge of its Characteristics.
3-Knowledge of what rules change in
the letters due to the order of the
letters.
4-Exercising the tongue and a lot of
repetition.
Manners when reading
Quran.Manners of the heart
1.Understanding the origin of the words.
2.Understanding the greatness of these
words.
3.Presence of the heart while reading.
4.Pondering the meaning.
5.Understanding the meaning.
6.Individualization.
External Manners
1.Purity.
2.Istia’zah and Basmallah.
3.Avoiding Cutting off reading.
4.Stopping and seeking refuge or Mercy
on appropriate Ayahs.
5.Humbleness and crying while reading.
Tilawat, Qira’at or Itla’
تالوة ، قرأت، اطالع
Reading Silently while looking at the Quran;
Without using the parts responsible for Speech.
without engaging Articulation points.
Is not قرأت nor تالوة
It’s اطالع
Rewards?
The reward only for tilawa and reading
(u should at least move the parts
responsible for speech like the tongue
even if u want to read silently)
Istia’azah --اإلستعاذة
Saying silently:
1- When Reciting silently
2- When reciting alone, (loud or silently)
3-When about to Pray.
4- When reciting in a group and you are not the first one.
Saying out loud:
1-Reciting for others to hear.
2-Reciting in a group and you are the first one.
Frorms of Istia’za:
١ • اعوذباهللا من الشيطان الرجيم
2• اعوذباهللا السميع العليم من الشيطان الرجيم
3 • اعوذباهللا من الشيطان
Basmallah بسملة
1-Is it a verse in Quran?
حیم إنه من سلیمان وإنه بسم الل حمن الر الر
An-Naml [27:30]
2-Is it a verse in Surah Al-Fatiha?
Rules for Basmallah.
1- Necessary to read in the beginning
of every Surah except Sura Al-
Tawbah.
2-In the middle of Surah you have
choice.
Basmallah between Surahs.
البسملة بین السورتین Imam Hafs bin Al- Asam. إمام حفص بن
Always reads Basmallahالعاصم
between 2 Surahs except between
and التوبة.
There are 4 ways of finishing one
Surah and and continuing on to the
next.
3 Valid ways and 1 Invalid.
3 Valid ways:
1
• Separate All.
• قطع كل
2
• Join All.
• وصل كل
3
• Join Basmallah with beginning of surah.
• وصل ألبسملة بأول سورة
اللحن Mistakes and Deviation from
correctness when reading Quran.
Two Kinds:
1
• لحن جلي ظاهر
• Obvious and Clear mistakes.
2
• لحن خفي مستتر
• Obscured and hidden mistakes.
لحن جلي ظاهر
Easy to point out.
Mistakes in the pronounciation even if it changes the meaning or not.
Occurs in the makeup of words, letters or in vowels.
Ex:
Reading ق as ك
Reading Kasra as Fatha.
Dropping حروف المد (قل–قال )
لحن خفي مستتر
Mistake in pronunciation.
Pierces the reading.
Not a mistake in meaning, Arabic language or Grammar.
Two kinds:
1-recognised by those knowledgeable in reading Quran.
eg: Leaving out Idgham.
2-Only known by very skilled readers of Quran.
eg: Unwanted repetition تكرار of را
حروف شمسیة + أل
the letter laam of the is ignoredال
the sun letter carries a shaddah
Example
لشمسا = شمس +أل
If you want to join the preceding word onto the word, then you ignoreالthe completelyال
Example:
والتین = التین+ و
حروف قمریة + أل
the is pronouncedال
Example:
لقمر ا= قمر + ال If you want to join the preceding word
onto the word, you only ignore theال
letter alif of the ال
Example:
غيرالمغضوب
The articulation Point. مخرج
مخرج المحقق
Specific
Throat, tongue, two lips
مخرج المقدر
Approximate
*No specific place
*Empty space in the mouth and
throat.
Articulation Points of letters.
5 Major Areas--- 17 Articulation points.
الجوف -1 :Empty space in the mouth and
throat.
2- الحلق : The Throat.
3- .The Tongue :اللسان
.the two Lips :الشفتان-4
.The Nasal passage :الخيشوم-5
حروف المد (Lengthened
letters)1-األلف المديه
The أ with sukoon preceded by a
letter with a fatha.
ا األلف المديه
حروف المد (Lengthened
letters)2-الواوالمديه
The و with sukoon preceded by a letter
with a Dammah.
و الواو المديه
حروف المد (Lengthened
letters)-الياء المديه 3
The ي with sukoon preceded by a
letter with a Kasra.
ي الياء المديه
Points to remember:
These letters finish with the stopping
of sound ---No specific space.
The sound will stop when you cut off
the air.
Nothing should come from Nose
(Nasal sound) or throat ( ha or hamza)
at the end.
Huroof al Maad are gathered together
in the word:
نوحيها
Mistakes
Should not put a Hamza ه orء at the
end.
Should not be recited with nose ie
there should not be a nasal sound with
them.
The Throat الحلق
3 Articulation point 6 letters.
1. أقصي الحلق Deepest part of the Throat.(Farthest from the mouth, closest from the chest.)
2. .Middle of the throatوسط الحلق
3. .Closest part of the Throatأدني الحلق(Closest to the mouth)
خ –غ
the back portion of tongue touches the
roof of mouth (soft palate).
Tip: it is the same part like if
something itchy in your throat you try
to remove it or do gargling, it is the
correct place to pronounce it.
Mistakes خ-غ
When pronouncing خ the most
common mistake we do is that we
read it softly or pronounce as (ك).
When pronouncing غ many people
simulate it with the letter (گ) which is
wrong غ is pronounced from the top
part of throat it is the same part like if
something itchy you try to remove it or
do gargling it is the correct place to
pronounce it.
ح -ع
Move the back of the tongue towards the throat wall to constrict the wind pipe.
ح: wind pipe partially closed in order to let the air rush through it.
Tip: Think you are cleaning a pair of glasses with the moist (air) of your throat try to squeeze your throat from the middle that is the part where you have to pronounce this letter.
ع : The wind pipe is almost closed completely. it has more of rolling sound.
It’s like when you go to a doctor and he says open your mouth to say AA that is the starting part and we add (yen) to it like AAYEN,
Mistakes
Reading ح like هyou are not
constricting your throat while
pronouncing ح
Reading عlike ء or ا Rolling or twist
is missing.
ه-ء
They are pronounced from the area of the throat where the Vocal cords are located.
Hamza has more constricted sound and haaflows freely from the chest.
Closing the wind pipe and opening it produces Hamza.
Opening the wind pipe and releasing air produces Haa.
The tongue remains stable for both letters.
Mistakes:
we pronounce the (ه) either from the middle or from the upper part of throat which is wrong it is more towards the chest.
practice pronouncing letters by
placing a sukoon in front of the
letter.
أقصي الحلق
• إء
• إه
وسط الحلق
• إع
• إح
أدني حلق
• إغ
• إخ
The Tongue الل سان
Many letters come from the mouth:
that is the tongue and its connection
with the different areas of the teeth
and mouth.
10 Articulation Points distributed over
4 Areas for 18 Letters.
The Tongue الل سان
الل سان
أقصي اللسانDeepest
part
وسط اللسانMiddle
Part
حافة اللسانEdge or
Side
طرف اللسان Tip
The Tongue الل سان
الل سان
طرف اللسان
ط د ت ظ ذ ث ص ز ر
حافة اللسان
ض ل
وسط اللسان
ج ش ي
أقصي اللسان
ق ك
ن
Deepest Part of the Tongue.
أقصي اللسانق ق is pronounced by the deepest
part of the tongue touching (what lies opposite to it) the upper soft palate to create a thick sound in the tonsils vicinity, with a round sound.
The tongue is elevated towards the roof of the mouth.
ق is produced with heaviness.
Mistakes.
There are two mistakes in articulating
this when reciting the Qur’an. Usually
it is a problem in the articulation point.
1. ق is articulated on the hard palate or
close to it, so it ends up sounding
like an English “k”
2. ق is pronounced not from the tongue,
but from the throat, and the resultant
incorrect sound is a cross between ق
and ع
ك
The innermost part of the tongue,
towards the mouth, with what
corresponds to it from the upper
palate producesnKaaf ك
This area is slightly closer to the
mouth than throat.
Kaaf is produced with lightness or
lowering of the tongue towards the
‘floor’ of the the mouth after the sound
is produced.
Mistakes.
ك is often mispronounced at an
articulation point further back in the
mouth than the correct articulation
point resulting in a ق Sound.
Middle of Tongue وسط اللسان
The middle of the tongue - this single makhraj covers 3 letters: ي –ش -ج
( غیرالمدیة)
These are all pronounced when the middle part of the tongue comes in contact with what lies opposite to it from the roof of the mouth.
These Letters are Called الحروف الشجریة, because they are articulated from the center of the mouth or the middle of the mouth.
Teeth and their Names
Before discussing rest of the articulation points of the tongue, it is important to know the order of the teeth and their names to understand where each letter is being articulated.
Normally we have 32 teeth divided as follows:
1. Incisors نایا الث
2. Lateral Incisors رباعیة
3. Canine ناب
4. First Premolars ضاحك
5. Second Premolars طواحین
6. Wisdom Tooth ناجذ
ج
ج has a hard sound as if it has د mixed
into it.
Raising the tongue against the hard
pallet produces ج.
Mistake
Saying ج soft as if a ي is mixed into it.
To correct that mistake:
Raise your tongue to the top of your
mouth.
Let the middle of the tongue go to the
middle of the roof of the mouth.
The tongue should not go low.
ش
Raising the tongue towards the hard
pallet produces the ش
Its Sound spreads through out the
mouth after you bring it through the
middle of the tongue.
Air keeps running, until you stop it.
ي
It is important to note that the ي being referred to is not the ;ي المدیة which means it is the ي with a:
fat-ha یفقهون Dammah یوقنون Kasra یدى للا Sukoon علیه Raising the tongue to the roof of the
mouth produces ي
ض
ض Comes purely from the sides of the tongue and what lies opposite to it from the Upper Molars.
The rear side of the tongue touches the upper back teeth (upper molars) in either one of 3 ways :
1. from the right side
2. from the left side Easiest
3. from both sides Hardest.
While pronouncing this letter, the deep part of the tongue is raised. This is because it has heaviness and compression of sound.
Tips: ض
1. Keep the Tongue straight/ flat it
should not Curl up or down.
2. The back of the tongue should be
stuck to the roof of the mouth until it
compresses the sound and bring
heaviness to it.
3. Press the posterior two third of the
left side of the tongue against upper
left Molars and Gums.
Mistakes
Sticking the tongue between the teeth
and bringing ر sound.
Making it sound like a heavy د.
Reading ض as ط. It might be a mixture
of ط
and د or a ط and ض.
ل
Widest Makhraj of all.
One third of the anterior two sides of the tongue .
Its articulation is an upward movement in the shape of an arc.
The tip of the tongue should end up meeting with the gums of the top pair of incisors, lateral incisors, canines and premolars. However, the top of the tongue should not touch this gum area.