Table of Contents Water on Earth Surface Water Exploring the Ocean Currents and Climate The Water...
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Transcript of Table of Contents Water on Earth Surface Water Exploring the Ocean Currents and Climate The Water...
![Page 1: Table of Contents Water on Earth Surface Water Exploring the Ocean Currents and Climate The Water Planet.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/56649e5e5503460f94b57eb0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Table of Contents
Water on Earth
Surface Water
Exploring the Ocean
Currents and Climate
The Water Planet
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5-1: Water on Earth
The graph shows the water used per person in the ten states of the United States with the largest populations.
Why is Water Important?
•Body Processes: o cellular functiono organ function.
•Habitat:o place where organisms live.
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5-1 Water on Earth
These graphs show how much of Earth’s water is found in different forms.
Where is Water Found?
•Salt Water Oceans 97%
•Fresh Water 3%IceRivers and LakesGround Water
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Water on Earth
Earth’s Major WaterwaysThe map shows Earth’s oceans and some major freshwater sources.
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Used essential 3%
Ind. Processes life Earth’s Surface
rivers lakes
found
glaciers Ice capsundergroun
d
unusable
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What is The Water Cycle?Water moves between land, living things, bodies of water, and atmosphere.
5-1: Water on Earth p 190
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rainplants
TranspirationEvaporation
Earth’s Surface
Atmosphere
atmosphereEarth’s surface
water
movement
hailsnow
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River Systems
Tributaries- Streams and smaller rivers that feed into a main river. Pulled by gravity.
Lesson 2: Surface Waterp 192
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Watershed- The land area that supplies water to a river system. (Drainage Basin)
Surface Water p194
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Surface Water p195
Divides- keep watersheds separate by a ridge.
valley
Peak
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What Are Ponds and Lakes? p. 196
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Lakes form When….
1. Rivers break 2. Glaciers
----- (Oxbow lake)
3. Rift valley ---- cracks in Earth’s crust
4. Volcanoes--- old craters
5.Dams ---- Reservoir- a lake that
stores water for human use.
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Eutrophication – algae use nutrients (fromDead organisms or waste) and spread forming a layer on surface of water.
Lakes change when…. p. 198
Human Role•Fertilizers flow into ponds and lakes.•Nutrients in water start the process.
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Surface Water
An Endless CycleHow can these processes be diagrammed to show a water cycle?
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Lesson 3 Exploring the OceanSalinity•Total amount of salt in a solution of water. •Changes due to precipitation or evaporation.
Effects of Salinity•Freezing point of water decreases.•Higher density – things float easier.
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Lesson 3 Exploring the Ocean
Temperature• Depends on location and seasons•Colder near poles, warmer near equator
Depths•Surface – Warmer, less pressure•Transition - in between phase•Deep – Cooler, more pressure
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Exploring the OceanOcean FloorSonar – sound navigation. Helps map ocean floor.
1. Seamount – volcanic mountains not above water. Near mid-ocean ridge.2. Trench – Long deep valley – where ocean floor is sinking.3. Continental Slope – From land to water. Ocean floor gets suddenly steep.4. Continental Shelf – Gently sloping, shallow area. Transition from land to water. “beach”
5. Abyssal Plain – Mud, silt- very bottom, flat, very deep6. Mid Ocean Ridge- chain of mountains. Where new land is forming.
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5-4 Currents and Climate
Surface Currents - driven mainly by wind.
What is a current? -Stream of moving water in oceans. -Moves in a circular motion.
Coriolis EffectCurve of wind from poles to equator as earth rotates.
Northern HemisphereClockwise
Southern HemisphereCounter-clockwise
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Surface Currents
Gulf Stream:
•Largest, most powerful
•From Gulf of Mexico to east coast of U.S.
•Effects our weather.
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Warming Sea TemperatureThe images show what happens to temperature below the surface of the ocean during an El Niño event. Red indicates a warmer sea surface temperature.
El Nino•Every 2-7 Years•LARGE amounts of warm water cover an area•Cold water cannot move to surface (traps cold water)•STRONG weather systems
La Nina•Surface water cooler than usual•Opposite of El Nino
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Deep Currents•Deep currents near ocean floor
•Caused by: Difference in Density of water
•Carry cold water from poles to equator
•Movement like:
Conveyor Beltcold/dense water sinks, warm water pushed upward