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TABLE OF CONTENTS - · PDF fileTABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 – LETTERING Fundamentals of...
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TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 – LETTERING Fundamentals of Architectural Lettering ............................................................................................ 1 Lettering Strokes ................................................................................................................................ 5 Lettering – Single Stroke Gothic Letters and Numbers ..................................................................... 6 Lettering – Architectural Style Lettering ............................................................................................. 7 Drawing Guide Lines and Lettering.................................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 2 – ARCHITECTURAL SCALES Fundamentals of Architectural Scales................................................................................................ 9 Drafting Scale – Full Size 1/16" .........................................................................................................11 Architectural Scale – 1/4 and 1/8 .......................................................................................................12 Architectural Scale – 1/2 and 3/8 .......................................................................................................13 Architectural Scale – 1 and 3/4 ..........................................................................................................14 Architectural Scale – 1/4,1/8,1/2, 3/8, 3/4, 1, 1 1/2, 3 .......................................................................15 Architectural Scale – 1, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 3/8, 1 1/2, 3 .....................................................................16 Floor Plan Measuring – Scale: 1/4 = 1'-0" .........................................................................................17 CHAPTER 3 — SKETCHING Fundamentals of Sketching................................................................................................................18 General Sketching..............................................................................................................................22 Multivew and Isometric Sketching......................................................................................................23 Sketching Architectural Symbols ........................................................................................................24 Sketching a Living Room Plan ...........................................................................................................25 Sketching a Cabin Floor Plan ............................................................................................................26 CHAPTER 4 — ARCHITECTURAL SYMBOLS Fundamentals of Architectural Symbols Identification .......................................................................27 Wall and Cabinet Plan Symbols .........................................................................................................29 Window and Door Plan Symbols .......................................................................................................30 Bath and Fireplace Symbols ..............................................................................................................31 Electrical Plan Symbols......................................................................................................................32 CHAPTER 5 — FLOOR PLAN DESIGN Fundamentals of Floor Plan Design...................................................................................................33 U-Shape Kitchen Design ....................................................................................................................41 Corridor and L-Shape Kitchen Design ...............................................................................................42 Peninsula and Island Kitchen Design ................................................................................................43 L-Shape Family Kitchen Design.........................................................................................................44 Bathroom Design ...............................................................................................................................45 Master Bedroom Design ....................................................................................................................46 Closet Storage Design .......................................................................................................................47 Cabin Floor Plan Design ....................................................................................................................48 Cabin Floor Plan Redesign ................................................................................................................49 CHAPTER 6 — PLOT PLANS Fundamentals of Plot Plans ...............................................................................................................50 Plot Plan .............................................................................................................................................54 Irregular Lot Plot Plan ........................................................................................................................55 Orientating Home to Site....................................................................................................................56
Transcript of TABLE OF CONTENTS - · PDF fileTABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 – LETTERING Fundamentals of...
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 – LETTERINGFundamentals of Architectural Lettering ............................................................................................ 1Lettering Strokes ................................................................................................................................ 5Lettering – Single Stroke Gothic Letters and Numbers ..................................................................... 6Lettering – Architectural Style Lettering ............................................................................................. 7Drawing Guide Lines and Lettering.................................................................................................... 8
CHAPTER 2 – ARCHITECTURAL SCALESFundamentals of Architectural Scales................................................................................................ 9Drafting Scale – Full Size 1/16" .........................................................................................................11Architectural Scale – 1/4 and 1/8.......................................................................................................12Architectural Scale – 1/2 and 3/8.......................................................................................................13Architectural Scale – 1 and 3/4..........................................................................................................14Architectural Scale – 1/4,1/8,1/2, 3/8, 3/4, 1, 1 1/2, 3 .......................................................................15Architectural Scale – 1, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 3/8, 1 1/2, 3 .....................................................................16Floor Plan Measuring – Scale: 1/4 = 1'-0" .........................................................................................17
CHAPTER 3 — SKETCHINGFundamentals of Sketching................................................................................................................18General Sketching..............................................................................................................................22Multivew and Isometric Sketching......................................................................................................23Sketching Architectural Symbols........................................................................................................24Sketching a Living Room Plan ...........................................................................................................25Sketching a Cabin Floor Plan ............................................................................................................26
CHAPTER 4 — ARCHITECTURAL SYMBOLSFundamentals of Architectural Symbols Identification .......................................................................27Wall and Cabinet Plan Symbols.........................................................................................................29Window and Door Plan Symbols .......................................................................................................30Bath and Fireplace Symbols ..............................................................................................................31Electrical Plan Symbols......................................................................................................................32
CHAPTER 5 — FLOOR PLAN DESIGNFundamentals of Floor Plan Design...................................................................................................33U-Shape Kitchen Design....................................................................................................................41Corridor and L-Shape Kitchen Design ...............................................................................................42Peninsula and Island Kitchen Design ................................................................................................43L-Shape Family Kitchen Design.........................................................................................................44Bathroom Design ...............................................................................................................................45Master Bedroom Design ....................................................................................................................46Closet Storage Design .......................................................................................................................47Cabin Floor Plan Design ....................................................................................................................48Cabin Floor Plan Redesign ................................................................................................................49
CHAPTER 6 — PLOT PLANSFundamentals of Plot Plans ...............................................................................................................50Plot Plan.............................................................................................................................................54Irregular Lot Plot Plan ........................................................................................................................55Orientating Home to Site....................................................................................................................56
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 7 – SCHEDULESFundamentals of Schedules .............................................................................................................. 57Floor Plan with Window and Door I.D. .............................................................................................. 59Window and Door Schedules ............................................................................................................ 60
CHAPTER 8 – ELEVATIONSFundamentals of Elevations .............................................................................................................. 61Elevations and Roof Plan .................................................................................................................. 65Elevation Projection ........................................................................................................................... 66Front Elevation Projection ................................................................................................................. 67Elevation Design ............................................................................................................................... 68
CHAPTER 9 — ROOF DESIGNFundamentals of Roof Design ........................................................................................................... 69Roof Plan Projection ......................................................................................................................... 71Gable and Shed Roof Plans ............................................................................................................. 72Hip and Dutch Hip Roof Plans .......................................................................................................... 73Gambrel and Mansard Roof Plans .................................................................................................... 74Gable with Valley and Dormer Roof Plans ........................................................................................ 75
CHAPTER 10 — FOUNDATIONSFundamentals of Foundations ........................................................................................................... 76T Foundation Plan Design Data ........................................................................................................ 78T Foundation Construction Details .................................................................................................... 79T Foundation Plan ............................................................................................................................. 80Slab Foundation ................................................................................................................................ 81Slab Foundation Construction Details ............................................................................................... 82
CHAPTER 11 — FRAMING SYSTEMSFundamentals of Framing ................................................................................................................. 83Single Line Floor Framing Plan ......................................................................................................... 87Floor Framing Plan ............................................................................................................................ 88Stud Layout Plan ............................................................................................................................... 89Stud Layout Plan of Storage Shed .................................................................................................... 90Wall Framing Plan from Stud Layout Plans ...................................................................................... 91Stud Layout and Wall Framing Plans ................................................................................................ 92Gable Roof Framing Plan .................................................................................................................. 93Gable Roof Framing Plan with Lookouts .......................................................................................... 94Hip Roof Framing Plan ...................................................................................................................... 95
CHAPTER 12 — DESIGN EXERCISES1Design Exercises 1, 2, and 3 ............................................................................................................ 96Design Exercise 4 ............................................................................................................................. 97EXAMBlueprint Reading Examination (200 Questions)2 ............................................................................ 98Title Block and 1/4" Grid ........................................................................................................Last Page 1 Note: The art for all the floor plans in Chapter 12 has been reduced to fit the page. The noted drawing scale is the scale the students are to use when drawing the floor plan.2 Answer Key available to instructors. Call Hearlihy Customer Service toll free 1-866-622-1003. Ask for item 72917.
INTRODUCTIONThe drawing of an architectural working drawing
requires a knowledge of the symbols and terms
commonly used in the design and construction
industry. All architectural working drawings must
communicate in a clear and concise manner to the
builders.
In order to simplify the details on a drawing and to
speed drawing time, it is necessary to use architectural
symbols. Many symbols are designed to approximate
the appearance of an item or the material from which it
is constructed (Fig. 4-1). Some symbols however, may
have no graphic resemblance to the material or item that
they are to represent (Fig. 4-2).
Chapter 4 ARCHITECTURAL SYMBOLS
Fig. 4-1 Some architectural symbolsare similar to the item theyrepresent.
Fig. 4-2 Some architecturalsymbols have nosimilarity to the itemthey represent.
SYMBOL CONVENTIONSThe American Institute of Architects (AIA) and the
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) have
each set standard conventions for architectural symbols.
Since many new and different types of construction
materials, appliances and fixtures are continually being
developed and used in construction, many architectural
drafters will use symbols of their own design and show
their meaning in a legend or symbol chart on the
drawing. While there are some different symbols being
used, there is an overall acceptance of the AIA and
ASME symbol conventions.
As a general rule when a symbol is not clear or a new
type of material is to be noted on a drawing, a notation
should be used with the symbol (Fig. 4-3). This will clarify
the communication to the builders. It must be
remembered that architectural working drawings must be
read by many persons in the building trades. Everything
must be clear so no guess work will be involved with the
design, ordering of materials or construction phases.
Fig. 4-3 For clarity, if it is needed,use a notation with thesymbol.
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4'-6" x 4'-8"HALF BATH
SCALE: 1/4" = 1'-0"6'-6" x 6'-3"
3/4 BATH
11'-6" x 9'-3" COMPARTMENTED BATH
9'-0" x 6'-6" FULL BATH
DESIGN A FULL BATHROOM. SCALE: 1/2" = 1'-0"
BATHROOM FIXTURE CLEARANCES & DESIGN FACTORS1. Water closet clearances – 15" minimum for sides and 18"
minimum for front.2. Tub clearance – 30" for sides3. Lavatory clearance – 18" for sides4. Standard tub lengths – 5'-0", 5'-6" and 6'-0"5. Typical bathroom door width – 2'-2"
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DESIGN EXERCISE #1• Design a two bedroom house, 1200 square feet or less. Use a scale of 1/4" = 1'-0".• Make a list of important orientation features and place your house design on a
rectangular lot (65' x 110'). Use your local zoning codes.• Draw the roof plan for your house• Draw the front and rear elevations for your house• Draw the side elevations for the house• Draw a T foundation and the construction details for your house• Draw a slab foundation and the construction details for your house
DESIGN EXERCISE #2• Design a house between 1500 and 2000 square feet. Use a scale of 1/4" = 1'-0".• Draw the elevations for your design.• Draw the plot plan for your design. Place on a rectangular lot (70' x 120') using
your local zoning codes.
DESIGN EXERCISE #3• Design a house of your desire for the plot plan shown in Figure 12-1.• Draw profiles A and B showing the movement of earth and the outline of the
designed house when applicable.
Chapter 12 DESIGN EXERCISES
Fig. 12-1 Plot plan with contour lines, cutting planes A and B
BLUEPRINT READING EXAMINATION
Answer the following questions about the drawing on Sheet 1.
1. What is the size of the ceiling joists?
2. What is the spacing of the ceiling joists?
3. What is the abbreviation "OC"?
4. What is the width of the front door?
5. What is the abbreviation "LAM BM"?
6. What type of door is used for the front closet?
7. What is the abbreviation "FAU"?
8. What is the symbol for an elevation callout?
9. What line convention is used for the wall cabinets?
10. What is the abbreviation "WH"?
11. What type of door is ?
12. What is the abbreviation "D"?
13. What is the abbreviation "W"?
14. What is the abbreviation "LT"?
15. What is the abbreviation "R"?
16. What does the black square symbol in the fireplace represent?
17. What do the 45-degree lines in the fireplace represent?
18. What are the overall dimensions of the structure?
19. What is used to hang the ceiling joists?
20. What is the window callout used for the living room windows?
21. What is the total square footage of the structure?
22. What is the scale of the original floor plan drawing?
23. What geometric symbol represents the door callouts?
24. What geometric symbol represents the window callouts?
25. What structural member supports the ceiling joints in the living and dining room areas?
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