Table of Contents - Liberty, North Carolina06190D52... · 1 | Page . BACKGROUND . In 1986, Safe...

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Table of Contents BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................................................ 1

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 4

Water Production ............................................................................................................................................. 4

I. THE WELLHEAD PROTECTION COMMITTEE ........................................................................................ 5

Priorities and Goals .......................................................................................................................................... 5

II. DELINEATING THE WELLHEAD PROTECTION AREA ....................................................................... 6

Recharge Method .............................................................................................................................................. 6

III. INVENTORY OF POTENTIAL CONTAMINANT SOURCES ................................................................ 9

NC SWAP Reports (Source Water Assessment and Protection) ..................................................... 9

Windshield Survey ........................................................................................................................................ 10

Abandoned Wells ........................................................................................................................................... 10

Septic Tanks/Municipal Sewer ................................................................................................................. 11

Transportation Corridors and Railways ............................................................................................... 11

Current Pollution Incidents ....................................................................................................................... 13

Pollution Incidents Closed Since Previous WHPP Version ............................................................ 14

Potential Contaminant Source Inventory ............................................................................................. 17

IV. RISK ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................................. 21

Vulnerability Assessment ........................................................................................................................... 28

V. MANAGEMENT OF THE WELLHEAD PROTECTION AREA ........................................................... 29

Public Education ............................................................................................................................................ 29

Waste Management Practices............................................................................................................... 29

Automotive & Equipment Waste ......................................................................................................... 30

Car Wash ....................................................................................................................................................... 31

Personnel Training ................................................................................................................................... 31

Improperly Constructed or Abandoned Wells ............................................................................... 31

Underground Storage Tanks ................................................................................................................. 31

Above Ground Storage Tanks ............................................................................................................... 33

Septic and Heating Oil.............................................................................................................................. 33

Residential, Municipal, and Industrial Wastewater Discharge................................................ 33

Chemical Storage ....................................................................................................................................... 34

Pesticide Handling and Disposal ......................................................................................................... 34

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Animal Operations .................................................................................................................................... 34

Transportation Corridors and Railways .......................................................................................... 35

Stormwater Discharge ............................................................................................................................. 35

Manufacturing ................................................................................................................................................. 35

Hardware Store .............................................................................................................................................. 35

Fire Station ................................................................................................................................................... 36

RCRA Site ...................................................................................................................................................... 36

Machine Shop .............................................................................................................................................. 36

Medical Facility .......................................................................................................................................... 37

Wood Processing ....................................................................................................................................... 37

VI. EMERGENCY CONTINGENCY PLAN ..................................................................................................... 38

Short Term Contingency Plan < 48hrs .................................................................................................. 38

Long Term Contingency Plan > 48hrs ................................................................................................... 39

VII. IMPLEMENTING, MAINTAINING, AND UPDATING THE WHP PLAN ..................................... 40

Public Participation ...................................................................................................................................... 40

New Public Water Supply Wells............................................................................................................... 40

Future Wellhead Protection ...................................................................................................................... 41

APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................................................. 42

Emergency Contact Resources and Information ............................................................................... 43

Description of Regulatory Databases Researched for PCSs .......................................................... 45

National Priority List Sites ..................................................................................................................... 45

Non-Discharge Permits ........................................................................................................................... 45

NPDES Permits ........................................................................................................................................... 46

Pollution Incidents .................................................................................................................................... 46

RCRA Hazardous Waste Generators/Transporters ..................................................................... 47

Septage Disposal Sites ............................................................................................................................. 47

Soil Remediation Sites ............................................................................................................................. 47

Solid Waste Facilities ............................................................................................................................... 48

Tier II Sites ................................................................................................................................................... 48

UIC Permits .................................................................................................................................................. 49

UST Permits ................................................................................................................................................. 49

Potential Contamination Sources by Risk Category ......................................................................... 50

Potential Contaminant Source Data Charts ......................................................................................... 52

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Glossary of Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................ 59

References ........................................................................................................................................................ 60

NC Division of Environment Assistance and Customer Service (DEACS) Brochure ........... 61

Liberty Educational Tri-fold Brochure on Wellhead Protection ................................................. 62

Managing Agricultural Fertilizer Application Flyer ......................................................................... 64

Gas/Service Station Best Management Practices Flyer .................................................................. 65

Example Public Notice ................................................................................................................................. 66

Site Evaluation Forms for Potential Contaminant Sources ........................................................... 67

Well 12 Pump Test ...................................................................................................................................... 108

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BACKGROUND In 1986, Safe Water Drinking Act (SWDA) amendments added Section 1428, “State Programs to Establish Wellhead Protection Areas”, which requires each state to develop a program to “protect wellhead areas within their jurisdiction from contaminants which may have any adverse effects on the health of persons.” The term wellhead protection area is defined in the law as “the surface and subsurface area surrounding a water well or well field, supplying a public water system, through which contaminants are reasonably likely to move toward and reach such water well or well field." North Carolina’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approved Wellhead Protection Program (WHPP) provides technical support to local governments and public water supply systems in their endeavors to develop and implement their own Wellhead Protection Plans.

One of North Carolina’s objectives in developing a protection program is to provide a process for public water system operators to learn more about their groundwater systems and how to protect them. Wellhead Protection Plans allow communities to take charge of protecting the quality of their drinking water by identifying and carefully managing areas that supply groundwater to their public wells.

Regulations of the Division of Water Resources (DWR), under the Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) require wellhead protection measures for any public water supply wells to be used as a community or non-transient, non-community water system to meet the following requirements:

(1) The well shall be located on a lot so that the area within 100 feet of the well shall be owned or controlled by the person supplying the water. The supplier of water shall be able to protect the well lot from potential sources of pollution and to construct landscape features for drainage and diversion of pollution.

(2) The minimum horizontal separation between the well and known potential sources of pollution shall be as follows:

(a) 100 feet from any sanitary sewage disposal system, sewer, or a sewer

pipe unless the sewer is constructed of water main materials and joints, in which case the sewer pipe shall be at least 50 feet from the well;

(b) 200 feet from a subsurface sanitary sewage treatment and disposal system designed for 3000 or more gallons of wastewater a day flows, unless it is determined that the well water source utilizes a confined aquifer;

(c) 500 feet from a septage disposal site; (d) 100 feet from buildings, mobile homes, permanent structures, animal

houses or lots, or cultivated areas to which chemicals are applied; (e) 100 feet from surface water;

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(f) 100 feet from a chemical or petroleum fuel underground storage tank with secondary containment;

(g) 500 feet from a chemical or petroleum fuel underground storage tank without secondary containment;

(h) 500 feet from the boundary of a ground water contamination area; (i) 500 feet from a sanitary landfill or non-permitted non-hazardous solid

waste disposal site; (j) 1000 feet from a hazardous waste disposal site or in any location which

conflicts with the North Carolina Hazardous Waste Management Rules cited as 15A NCAC 13A;

(k) 300 feet from a cemetery or burial ground; and (l) 100 feet from any other potential source of pollution.

(3) The Department may require greater separation distances or impose other protective measures then necessary to protect the well from pollution; the Department shall consider as follows:

(a) The hazard or health risk associated with the source of pollution; (b) The proximity of the potential source to the well; (c) The type of material, facility or circumstance that poses the source or

potential source of pollution; (d) The volume or size of the source or potential source of pollution; (e) Hydrogeological features of the site which could affect the movement of

contaminants to the source water; (f) The effect which well operation might have on the movement of

contamination; (g) The feasibility of providing additional separation distances or protective

measures.

(4) The lot shall be graded or sloped so that surface water is diverted away from the wellhead. The lot shall not be subject to flooding.

(5) When the supplier of water is unable to locate water from any other approved source and when an existing well can no longer provide water that meets the requirement of this Subchapter, a representative of the Division may approve a smaller well lot and reduced separation distances for temporary use.

In addition, communities are encouraged to establish wellhead protection plans, which include the following:

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(1) The formation of a wellhead protection committee to establish and implement the wellhead protection program whose role it is to conduct a potential contaminant source inventory, provide options for the management of the WHP area, seek public input into the creation of the WHP plan, seek approval for the WHP program and to implement the WHP program;

(2) Delineation of the contributing areas of the water sources;

(3) Identification of potential contamination sources within the wellhead protection area;

(4) Develop and implement wellhead protection area management actions to protect the water sources;

(5) Develop an emergency contingency plan for alternative water supply sources in

the event the groundwater supply becomes contaminated and emergency response planning for incidents that may impact water quality;

(6) Development of a public education program;

(7) Conduct new water source planning to ensure the protection of new water source

locations and to augment current supplies. Wellhead protection for public water supply wells is a voluntary program, but water systems

across the state are encouraged to take the above steps in protecting all groundwater sources.

The Public Water Supply Section (PWSS) provides the final approval for WHP Programs. The

NC Wellhead Protection Program Coordinator is:

Danny Edwards Public Water Supply Section 1634 Mail Service Center Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1634 Phone: 919-707-9070 Fax: 919-715-4374

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INTRODUCTION The Town of Liberty is located off Highway 421 in the northeast portion of Randolph County. The current population is 2,659. Liberty is located in the Piedmont region of North Carolina at 790 ft above mean sea level. It is situated approximately thirty (30) miles south of Greensboro, N.C.

Water Production The Town of Liberty’s water system serves 3,558 customers via 1,409 connections with an average daily usage of 184,300 gallons per day. Liberty currently gets its water from nine (9) wells. The Town has three (3) elevated water tanks with a combined storage capacity of 950,000. Water produced from these wells is treated onsite using Chlorine for microbial disinfection. Additionally, water at Wells 1 and 6 are treated with caustic soda (Sodium Hydroxide) for pH neutralization.

Well Location Yield (Gpm) Depth

Well #1 W. Swannanoa Ave 75 230

Well #2 N. Greensboro St 86 260

Well #4 Fairview St 100 573

Well #5 Smith St 53 399

Well #6 Ridge Ave 68 248

Well #8 Old Liberty Rd 55 350

Well #10 Curtis Industrial Dr 56 950

Well #11 Sizemore Ave Exd 51 700

Well #12 Troy Estate Rd 200 345

Table 1. Well data

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjoiL6jppPUAhVE2IMKHdJSAWcQjRwIBw&url=http://www.ncpedia.org/geography/robeson&psig=AFQjCNH8PM8hgBm8qqzuTAp1R8cu-8nRsg&ust=1496085320151703

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I. THE WELLHEAD PROTECTION COMMITTEE A Wellhead Protection Committee (WPC) was formed for the development of a Local Wellhead Protection Program Plan for the Town of Liberty. Members of this committee are as follows:

• Mr. William Doerfer, Town Manager, Town of Liberty • Mr. Kevin Coble, Public Works Director, Town of Liberty • Mr. Matt Talbott, Fire Chief, Town of Liberty • Mr. Larry Coble, Council Representative, Town of Liberty • Mrs. Candace Bell, Source Water Specialist, North Carolina Rural Water Association

The Liberty Town Council is responsible for implementing the Wellhead Protection Program. Under the authority of the Town Mayor and the Town Council, the Town Manager has been granted the authority to implement the plan and to approve any revisions/changes requested or presented by the Wellhead Protection Committee or any revisions that may be necessary to obtain plan approval from the Public Water Supply Section (PWSS). The Town Manager will begin implementation of the Wellhead Protection Program upon approval by the PWSS of NC DEQ’s Division of Water Resources and will complete implementation within ninety (90) days. Upon completion of the implementation phase, the Town Manager will submit notification to the PWSS in accordance with the schedule set forth in the approved WHP Plan.

Priorities and Goals The Wellhead Protection Committee (WPC) has identified the following priorities for the development of this plan:

Public Education;

Protection of Liberty’s water supply;

And prevention of possible future contamination.

The Wellhead Protection Committee (WPC) has identified the following goals and strategies:

Delivery of a copy of the completed Local Wellhead Protection Program Plan to the Public Water Supply Section of the NCDEQ’s Division of Water Resources.

Make sure the program is on-going and is updated as needed to ensure the protection of Liberty’s water supply.

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II. DELINEATING THE WELLHEAD PROTECTION AREA Delineation of the Wellhead Protection Areas involves making an inventory of all Public Water Supply (PWS) wells included under the plan and gathering basic information about each well. The most important part of this step is to identify the areas that must be managed to reduce the likelihood of contamination to the wells — the Wellhead Protection Area(s) (WHPA). Simply stated, the WHPA is the part of the landscape — above or below ground — which contributes water that will eventually reach the pumping well. If a contaminant reaches groundwater within the well system’s contribution area, the contaminant can move with the groundwater into the well. If the contributing area for the well is identified, and management strategies are set in place to manage certain activities, the possibility that the well might become contaminated can be significantly reduced. This is the area where the wellhead protection (WHP) plan will apply.

Recharge Method A type of calculated fixed radius method known as the “Recharge Method” was used to delineate the Wellhead Protection Areas (WHPAs) for the town of Liberty. The recharge method was utilized because the wells withdraw groundwater from the fractured rock in the surficial aquifer. The Recharge Method is based on the following equation that determines the size of the contributing area for each well:

A = contributing area, in square miles

Q = maximum permitted daily withdrawal, gallons per day (based on a 720 minute per day pumping cycle)

W = estimated recharge rate to the surficial aquifer, in gallons per day per square mile. In the Liberty area, the value is estimated to be 300,000 gallons per day per square mile (Heath and Johnson, 2001).

The calculated size of the contributing area was then doubled, because transmissivity may be directional due to cracks or foliations in the bedrock.

Protection areas, whose radii are based on the size of the contributing area, are usually drawn as circles centered on the wells. The radii of the circular protection areas (r, in feet) are found by the following equation (where A is the contributing area multiplied by two):

𝑟𝑟 = �𝐴𝐴𝜋𝜋

X 5,280 ft/mile

Circular Wellhead Protection Areas with radii calculated utilizing the equation above were drawn around each of the pumping wells.

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The circular Wellhead Protection Areas with all the wells except well 10 were then combined and modified. This was done to account for the considerable overlap that occurred due to the wells’ proximity to one another.

The Wellhead Protection Areas for the Town of Liberty were developed with the assistance of the Division of Water Resources, PWSS, Wellhead Protection Program Manager, and have been approved by the Wellhead Protection Committee. The following map displays the determined Wellhead Protection Areas.

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III. INVENTORY OF POTENTIAL CONTAMINANT SOURCES A Potential Contaminant Source (PCS) is any substance or activity that could adversely affect the quality of your drinking water supply. The PCS inventory is a complete listing, including mapped locations, of past and present land use activities within the wellhead protection area (WHPA) that threaten groundwater quality. Each of the potential contaminant sources that were identified was assigned a code according to the category into which it falls. The potential contaminant categories and corresponding codes are listed in Table 2.

PCS Categories Map Code PCS Categories Map

Code Aboveground Storage Tank (AST) A Monitoring Wells M

Auto Repair and Sale B Stormwater N Car Wash C Pharmacy O Cemetery D Pollution Incident P

Fire Station E Railroad Q Hardware Store F RCRA Site R

Inactive Hazardous Waste Site (IHWS) G Underground Storage Tank (UST) S Machine Shop H Waste Collection Station T Major Highway I Wastewater Lift Stations U Manufacturing J Wood Processing V Medical Facility K

The inventory process begins by looking at the Source Water Assessment Program Report for the Town of Liberty. Information from sixteen (16) State and Federal Databases is combined into that report, and this information is used as a starting point to research files at the various state agencies. A description of each of the regulatory databases researched can be found in the appendix.

NC SWAP Reports (Source Water Assessment and Protection) – The Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) information is compiled by the Public Water Supply (PWS) Section from available electronic PCS databases with statewide coverage obtained from various State agencies. The SWAP information is an extremely valuable starting point for conducting a PCS inventory. However, it is not a comprehensive database of all PCSs. Because it includes only those databases with statewide coverage that are available to the PWS Section in an electronic format, PCS information specific to the area of interest may not be included. Databases (both hardcopy and electronic) maintained by local, county, state, and federal agencies may contain information about known PCSs occurring within the WHPA (e.g., areas of pesticide or fertilizer application, pesticide storage areas, landfills or dumps, inactive hazardous waste sites, underground storage tanks, above ground storage tanks, areas with septic systems, improperly constructed/abandoned wells, etc.) The NC SWAP Report was reviewed by the WPC and the Susceptibility for the Town’s wells was ranked by the NC PWS Section as shown in Table 3 below. Susceptibility is an indication of a water supply's potential to become contaminated by the identified PCSs within the assessment

Table 2. Potential Contaminant Source (PCS) categories.

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area. All relevant information found in the SWAP report is reflected in the PCS Inventory Results. The Town of Liberty’s most recent (2017) SWAP Report can be accessed at the following website:

https://www.ncwater.org/files/swap/SWAP_Reports/0276025_4_25_2017_85_11.pdf.

Windshield Survey – The Wellhead Protection Committee conducted a windshield survey of the WHPAs and identified each potential contamination source (PCS) facility or activity that might exist within the WHPAs. Onsite visits were conducted, and additional information was obtained regarding quantity and types of contaminants kept on site. The PCS Data Charts show the sources identified during the inventory along with quantities and types of contaminants found at the site. The PCS Inventory Maps show the location of each of the identified potential contaminant sources within the WHPAs. A list of example potential contamination sources by risk category is included in the appendix.

Abandoned Wells – Wells 3 and 7 were both abandoned according to state standards due to high Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) contamination. Well #9 was drilled 10 feet from where well #7 had been and has shown signs of potentially high VOC’s so it has been taken offline and temporarily abandoned according to state regulations. There was a Burlington Industries plant just down the road from this site that was suspected of being the contributor to the contamination. The plant shutdown and moved in the year 2000, and it was never proven that they were the contributor of any contamination. There are no definitive plans to close Well #9. The town may use the well as a source of non-potable water for future industrial purposes.

Source Name Inherent

Vulnerability Rating

Contaminant Rating

Susceptibility Rating

Well #1 Higher Higher Higher

Well #2 Higher Higher Higher

Well #4 Higher Lower Moderate




Well #10 Lower Lower Lower

Well #11 Moderate Lower Moderate

Well #12 Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable

Table 3. Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) report susceptibility rankings.

https://www.ncwater.org/files/swap/SWAP_Reports/0276025_4_25_2017_85_11.pdf

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Septic Tanks/Municipal Sewer – The Town of Liberty has a .500 million gallons per day (MGD) capacity wastewater treatment facility, located outside the WHPAs. Liberty has 25 miles of sewer lines aided by eight lift stations, three of which are located within the WHPAs. Effluent water irrigation is utilized over 160 acres (8 zones) of land, located outside the WHPAs. Average daily effluent water treatment for irrigation is 220,000 gallons per day, with a max permitted rate of 550,000 gallons per day. The Town is currently working on a three-phase inflow and infiltration improvement project. A preventive maintenance program is in place to maintain the system and prevent any blockages.

Most of the Town of Liberty’s citizens are connected to the wastewater system. Any septic systems identified will be given educational materials concerning proper septic system maintenance.

Transportation Corridors and Railways – The following map displays primary transportation corridors located within the WHPAs. Heavy areas of transportation or cargo carriage are more susceptible to contamination from continuous exposure to substances through spills and wreckage. Transportation routes of concern in the area include: NC Hwy 49, US Hwy 421, Old Hwy 421, and Norfolk Southern Railway freight route.

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Current Pollution Incidents Pollution incident records located at the NCDEQ, Division of Waste Management, UST Section of the Winston-Salem Regional Office were reviewed and a summary for each current/open case pollution incident is described below. For additional information pertaining to any case, please contact the UST Section at the Winston-Salem Regional Office of NCDEQ by calling 336-776-9800.

Incident # 10606 – Phil-Knit, Inc. [P-8] is located at 233 S. Greensboro St., Liberty, NC 27298. This incident under Senate Bill 1317 was ranked as Priority Ranking of E 020. This suspends the requirement to clean up the above site. The site was assigned No Further Action (NFA) status. The site remains a PCS because there is no evidence of soil or groundwater samplings below their applicable standards.

Incident # 13214 – The Lowe and Routh Oil Co. [P-4] is located at State Road 2261 (SR 2261). Two volatile petroleum aromatic compounds (C9-C22) were discovered in monitoring wells MW-4, MW-5S and MW-5D. After repeated testing groundwater quality continues to show general improvement. One public supply well (Town of Liberty Well #8) and one private supply well (Overman Residence) located within 1,000 feet from source area. Semi-annual sampling is required at the site. This incident remains open.

Incident # 13356 – The Liberty BP [P-3] is located at Greensboro and Bowman St., Liberty, NC 27298. Gasoline constituents from leaking UST exceeded NC 2L standards. Due to proximity, town well #2 is currently being sampled on a quarterly basis under this incident. This incident remains open.

Incident # 13617 – Hardin’s Wholesale Florist [P-9] is located at 233 W. Bowman Ave., Liberty, NC 27298. This site, under SB 1317 suspends the requirement to clean up due to a lower priority ranking of C- 070. The site was assigned No Further Action (NFA) status. The site remains a PCS because there is no evidence of soil or groundwater samplings below their applicable standards.

Incident # 13632 – The Glendale Hosiery Co. [P-1] is located at 210 E. Swannanoa Ave., Liberty, NC 27298. The incident occurred 6/10/1992 resulting in soil contamination. This site is temporarily closed as the result of SB1317 which suspends the cleanup of Low priority ranked sites.

Incident # 13633 – The Handy Mart # 1 [P-2] is located at 728 S. Greensboro St., Liberty, NC 27298. Soil contamination occurred at the above site as the result of a leaking UST. Soil was tested and impacted soil to a depth of nineteen feet was excavated and temporarily stockpiled on-site and excavation was backfilled with clean stable soils. This incident remains open.

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Incident # 15494 – Gregson Furniture [P-10] is located at 206 Frazier Ave., Liberty, NC 27298. They have changed their name to Lodging by Charter. Tanks were removed and cleanup and soil removal occurred. The site was assigned No Further Action (NFA) status and all incidents have been closed out. Sampling results for groundwater and soil indicate concentrations below their applicable standards except for one surface soil sample which reported an Arsenic concentration of 11 mg/kg. This level is in excess of the Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch’s preliminary soil remediation goal concentration of 2.4 mg/kg; therefore, incident # 15494 remains a PCS.

Incident # 18035 – The Euliss Oil Co. [P-6] is located at 122 Foster St., Liberty, NC 27298. Gasoline constituents from leaking UST exceeded NC 2L standards. All fuel tanks have been removed except for Propane. This incident remains open.

Incident # 30208 – The Handy Mart #3 [P-7] is located at 204 N Greensboro St, Liberty, NC 27298. High risk due to proximity of public well #2 for Town of Liberty. Town well is currently being sampled on a quarterly basis under incident # 13356. Site was accepted to State Lead Program on 4-13-2015. The incident remains open.

Incident # 37686 – Liberty Tire & Auto (Former H&M Tire Service) [P-5] is located at 232 N Greensboro St, Liberty, NC 27298. USTs were removed and soil excavated after the incident on 8/23/2010. Soil samples following soil excavation detected Benzene and MTBE exceeding soil-to-groundwater MSCC. The incident is high risk due to presence of Town of Liberty supply well #2 within 125 feet from UST basin. 2019 Groundwater Sampling Report indicated monitoring wells continue to show contamination from Benzene, Naphthalene, and other compounds. Town water sample reports for well #2 did not indicate detection of constituents associated with gasoline releases. This incident remains open and monitoring continues.

Pollution Incidents Closed Since Previous WHPP Version Incident # 95327 (AST) – Hardin’s Wholesale Florist [P-9] is located at 233 W. Bowman Ave., Liberty, NC 27298. Leak from a diesel fuel AST. Soil excavated and transported off-site. Additional soil excavated and confirmation soil samples collected. Sampling results indicated no detectable contaminants.

Incident # 14713 – The Randolph Telephone Co. is located at 211 W. Swannanoa Ave., Liberty, NC 27298. This incident was closed out July 16, 1998. After review of prescribed assessment, it was determined that the UST system had been closed in accordance with state standards.

Incident # 15221 – The Liberty School is located at 206 N. Fayetteville St., Liberty, NC 27298. LSA indicated no soil or groundwater contamination. The site was assigned No Further Action (NFA) status.

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Incident # 15499/8922 – Gregson Furniture is located at 206 Frazier Ave., Liberty, NC 27298. They have changed their name to Lodging by Charter. Tanks were removed and cleanup and soil removal occurred. The site was assigned No Further Action (NFA) status. The incident # 8922 was closed out before year 2000. Regarding incident #15499, the site’s contaminant levels are below the 2L standards for groundwater and below the “soil to groundwater” levels for soil.

Incident# 13215 – Holts Exxon is located at Old Greensboro Rd., Liberty, NC 27298. Under Senate Bill 1317 this site has been temporarily closed as of July 17, 1996. The site was assigned No Further Action (NFA) status. Sampling results for groundwater and soil indicated concentrations below their applicable standards.

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Potential Contaminant Source Inventory

The following table lists the potential sources of contamination in the Town of Liberty’s wellhead protection areas. The exceptions to this are home heating oil tanks used at many residences, and which remain off the inventory for this reason. The table has map codes used to identify the potential sources of contamination on the PCS Inventory Map. For more detailed information about each potential contaminant source, including information relevant in providing educational materials to owners, please see the PCS Data Charts located in the appendix. Where listed on the PCS Data Chart “low quantities” means less than 100-gallons or 100-pounds. The map codes used to identify each potential contaminant site category are detailed in Table 4.

PCS Category Map Code PCS Site

AST

A-1 Liberty Public Works A-2 Liberty Oil & Propane Company A-3 Staley Plumbing & Utilities A-4 Liberty Fire Department A-5 Liberty Tire & Auto Pros (Former H&M Tire Service) A-6 Euliss Oil Company

Auto Repair and Sale

B-1 Advance Auto Parts B-2 High Tech Collision Center B-3 Cruisin' Oldies Tires & Automotive B-4 Napa Auto Parts – Debbie’s Automotive B-5 Draper's Auto Repair B-6 Liberty Tire & Auto Pros (Former H&M Tire Service)

Car Wash C-1 Splash Car Wash C-2 Coble's Detail & Car Wash

Cemetery D-1 Amos Grove Cemetery D-2 Fairview Cemetery D-3 Bethany Methodist Church

Fire Station E-1 Liberty Fire Department Hardware Store F-1 Liberty Hardware & General Store

Inactive Hazardous Waste Site G-1 Former Stout Chair Facility G-2 Leggett & Platt Work Furniture (Former Liberty Furniture)

Machine Shop H-1 ChrisCo Machinery, Inc.

Major Highway I-1 HWY 49 I-2 Old HWY 421

Manufacturing J-1 Leggett & Platt Work Furniture (Former Liberty Furniture) J-2 Supertex, Inc. J-3 Ultracraft Company

Medical Facility K-1 Liberty Medical Facility

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Monitoring Wells M-1 Liberty Tire & Auto Pros (Former H&M Tire Service) Stormwater N-1 Ultracraft Company Pharmacy O-1 CVS Pharmacy #5377

Pollution Incident

P-1 Glendale Hosiery Company P-2 Handy Mart #1 P-3 Liberty BP P-4 Lowe & Routh Oil Co Inc P-5 Liberty Tire & Auto Pros (Former H&M Tire Service) P-6 Euliss Oil Company P-7 Kwik Stop/Handy Mart #3

Railroad Q-1 Norfolk Southern Freight Route

RCRA

R-1 Leggett & Platt Work Furniture (Former Liberty Furniture) R-3 Euliss Oil Company R-4 Charter Furniture (Former Gregson Furniture) R-5 Ultracraft Company R-6 CVS Pharmacy #5377

UST

S-1 Draper's Auto Repair S-2 Kwik Stop/Handy Mart #3 S-3 Circle K S-4 Dollar General #3942 S-5 Quick Check 47

Waste Collection Station T-1 Liberty Recycling Center

Wastewater Lift Station U-1 W Kime Ave Lift Station U-2 Starmount Lift Station U-3 Ultra Craft Lift Station

Wood Processing V-1 Edwards Wood Products Table 4. Potential Contaminant Source inventory

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IV. RISK ANALYSIS A Risk Assessment for the Town of Liberty has been conducted. For each WHPA, the PCSs were ranked according to the threat each presented to the water supply well or wells. The following method was used to rank each PCS in each WHPA:

Each PCS was assigned to a risk category of higher, moderate, or lower based on information adapted from the EPA (1993), and from the Oregon Wellhead Protection Program. Each PCS was assigned a numerical "category" score to correspond with the risk category [e.g., Higher-3, Moderate-2, and Lower-1]. Sites with known soil and/or groundwater contamination were assigned a score of “4”. Each site of potential or known contamination was then assigned a "proximity" score calculated with the following equation:

proximity score =1 – (distance from the pumping center/radius of the WHPA) The final PCS ranking was obtained by multiplying the category score by the proximity score for each potential contaminant site. This resulted in a relative ranking of each PCS within a given WHPA according to the threat it poses to the water supply well. Assessing the relative risk of contamination within each WHPA from the PCSs it contains allows for a determination of (1) which water supply wells are at greatest risk of contamination, and (2) which PCSs should be considered first with respect to wellhead protection. Once the risk assessment is carried out, priorities can be set to more effectively manage the PCSs. Table 5 displays the potential risk of contamination to each well from highest probability to lowest. Tables 6 - 14 present the PCSs ranked according to their final score from highest to lowest for each well.

Well Site Physical Location Yield (gpm)

Total Risk Score (H to L)

Well #2 N. Greensboro St 86 32.95 Well #1 W. Swannanoa Ave 75 23.52 Well #8 Old Liberty Rd 55 10.34 Well #6 Ridge Ave 68 7.71 Well #4 Fairview St 100 6.29

Well #12 Troy Estate Rd 200 5.14 Well #5 Smith St 53 3.72

Well #10 Curtis Industrial Dr 56 1.73 Well #11 Sizemore Ave Ext 51 1.00

PCSs located just outside of the individual WHPAs will have a proximity score of 0. These PCSs are included in the risk assessment because they are located within the combined WHPA and should be included during implementation of the management strategies.

Table 5. Risk assessment of contamination to individual well sites.

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Well #1 Potential Contaminant Ranking

Map Code PCS Site Risk

Distance from

Well (ft)

WHPA Radius

(ft)

Proximity Score

Category Score*

Final Score

P-7 S-2 Kwik Stop/Handy Mart #3

X H 970 1787 0.457 7 3.201

P-5 B-6 M-1 A-5

Liberty Tire & Auto Pros (Former H&M Tire Service)

X H M M 1290 1787 0.278 11 3.061

P-6 R-3 A-6 Euliss Oil Company

X L M 1130 1787 0.368 7 2.574

A-1 Liberty Public Works M 30 1787 0.983 2 1.966 Q-1 Norfolk Southern Freight Route M 430 1787 0.759 2 1.519 I-2 Old HWY 421 M 520 1787 0.709 2 1.418 S-5 Quick Check #47 H 960 1787 0.463 3 1.389 F-1 Liberty Hardware & General Store M 720 1787 0.597 2 1.194 B-3 Cruisin' Oldies Tires & Automotive M 760 1787 0.575 2 1.150 P-9 Hardin's Wholesale Florist X 1320 1787 0.261 4 1.046 I-1 HWY 49 M 970 1787 0.457 2 0.915 C-1 Splash Car Wash M 1000 1787 0.441 2 0.881 R-6 O-1 CVS Pharmacy #5377

H L 1460 1787 0.183 4 0.733

P-3 Liberty BP X 1460 1787 0.183 4 0.733 S-3 Circle K H 1370 1787 0.234 3 0.701 D-2 Fairview Cemetery L 860 1787 0.519 1 0.519 P-1 Glendale Hosiery Company X 1630 1787 0.088 4 0.352 T-1 Liberty Convenience Site M 1640 1787 0.082 2 0.165

Total Risk Score 23.515 Table 6. Well #1 potential contaminant ranking from highest to lowest.

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Distance from

Well (ft)

WHPA Radius

(ft)

Proximity Score

Category Score*

Final Score

P-5 B-6 M-1 A-5


X H M M 160 1914 0.916 11 10.080

P-7 S-2 Kwik Stop/Handy Mart #3

X H 510 1914 0.734 7 5.135

P-3 Liberty BP X 100 1914 0.948 4 3.791 G-2 J-1 R-1

Leggett & Platt Work Furniture (Former Liberty Furniture)

X H L 1040 1914 0.457 8 3.653

P-9 Hardin's Wholesale Florist X 700 1914 0.634 4 2.537 I-2 Old HWY 421 M 40 1914 0.979 2 1.958 Q-1 Norfolk Southern Freight Route M 120 1914 0.937 2 1.875 S-3 Circle K H 1320 1914 0.310 3 0.931 F-1 Liberty Hardware & General Store M 1070 1914 0.441 2 0.882 I-1 HWY 49 M 1190 1914 0.378 2 0.756 A-1 Liberty Public Works M 1390 1914 0.274 2 0.547 P-1 Glendale Hosiery Company X 1720 1914 0.101 4 0.405 B-3 Cruisin' Oldies Tires & Automotive M 1630 1914 0.148 2 0.297 S-5 Quick Check 47 H 1850 1914 0.033 3 0.100


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Distance from Well

(ft)

WHPA Radius

(ft)

Proximity Score

Category Score*

Final Score

Q-1 Norfolk Southern Freight Route M 700 1503 0.534 2 1.068

I-2 Old HWY 421 M 750 1503 0.501 2 1.002 B-2 High Tech Collision Center H 1010 1503 0.328 3 0.983 J-2 Supertex, Inc M 1000 1503 0.334 2 0.669




Distance from Well

(ft)

WHPA Radius

(ft)

Proximity Score

Category Score*

Final Score

P-6 R-3 A-6 Euliss Oil Company

X L M 1360 2064 0.341 7 2.387

T-1 Liberty Convenience Site M 1450 2064 0.297 2 0.595

U-1 W Kime Ave Lift Station M 1490 2064 0.278 2 0.556 I-1 HWY 49 M 1560 2064 0.244 2 0.488 C-1 Splash Car Wash M 1600 2064 0.225 2 0.450 Q-1 Norfolk Southern Freight Route M 1680 2064 0.186 2 0.372 S-5 Quick Check 47 H 1850 2064 0.104 3 0.311 D-2 Fairview Cemetery L 1440 2064 0.302 1 0.302 I-2 Old HWY 421 M 1770 2064 0.142 2 0.285 A-1 Liberty Public Works M 1790 2064 0.133 2 0.265

B-3 Cruisin' Oldies Tires & Automotive M 1890 2064 0.084 2 0.168

E-1 A-4 Liberty Fire Department

L M 1990 2064 0.036 3 0.107


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Distance from Well

(ft)

WHPA Radius

(ft)

Proximity Score

Category Score*

Final Score

I-2 Old HWY 421 M 190 1702 0.888 2 1.777 G-1 Former Stout Chair Facility X 1130 1702 0.336 4 1.344 P-2 Handy Mart #1 X 1130 1702 0.336 4 1.344

Q-1 Norfolk Southern Freight Route M 690 1702 0.595 2 1.189

B-4 Napa Auto Parts - Debbie's Auto H 1310 1702 0.230 3 0.691

A-2 Liberty Oil & Propane Company M 1130 1702 0.336 2 0.672

P-10 R-4 Charter Furniture L 1010 1702 0.407 1 0.407 I-1 HWY 49 M 1460 1702 0.142 2 0.284




Distance from Well

(ft)

WHPA Radius

(ft)

Proximity Score

Category Score*

Final Score

P-4 B-5 S-1

Draper's Auto Repair (Former Lowe & Routh Oil Co)

X H H 530 1531 0.654 10 6.537

H-1 Chrisco Machinery H 520 1531 0.660 3 1.981 A-3 Staley Plumbing & Utilities M 330 1531 0.784 2 1.569 C-2 Coble's Detail & Car Wash M 1340 1531 0.125 2 0.249



Map Code PCS Site Risk Distance

from Well (ft)

WHPA Radius

(ft)

Proximity Score

Category Score* Final Score

R-5 N-1 J-3 Ultracraft Company

H H H 1380 1544 0.106 9 0.958

U-3 Ultra Craft Lift Station

M 950 1544 0.385 2 0.770


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Distance from

Well (ft)

WHPA Radius (ft)

Proximity Score

Category Score*

Final Score

U-1 W Kime Ave Lift Station M 740 1474 0.498 2 0.996




Distance from Well

(ft)

WHPA Radius

(ft)

Proximity Score

Category Score*

Final Score

P-4 B-5 S-1

Draper's Auto Repair (Former) Lowe & Routh Oil Co

X H H 2560 2919 0.1229 10 1.229

H-1 Chrisco Machinery H 1810 2919 0.3799 3 1.140 D-3 Bethany Methodist Cemetery L 890 2919 0.6951 1 0.695 I-3 US HWY 421 M 2000 2919 0.3148 2 0.630 A-3 Staley Plumbing & Utilities M 2070 2919 0.2908 2 0.582 V-1 Edwards Wood Products H 2490 2919 0.1469 3 0.441 C-2 Coble's Detail & Car Wash M 2300 2919 0.2120 2 0.424


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Vulnerability Assessment

Based upon the risk assessment above, the following vulnerability assessment was derived for Liberty’s permitted public drinking water supply wells. Taking into consideration the nature and number of PCSs and the overall score of each PCS from the risk assessment above, a ranking of the vulnerability of the water supply wells is as follows with the well at the highest risk being designated as number one:

1. Well #2: N Greensboro St 2. Well #1: W Swannanoa Ave 3. Well #8: Old Liberty Rd 4. Well #6: Ridge Ave 5. Well #4: Fairview St 6. Well #12: Troy Estate Rd 7. Well #5: Smith St 8. Well #10: Curtis Industrial Dr 9. Well #11: Sizemore Ave Exd

Taking into consideration the overall score of each PCS from the risk assessment, the following sites are at the highest risk of contaminating the water supply.

1. Liberty Tire & Auto Pros (Former H&M Tire Service) – 232 N Greensboro St 2. Draper’s Auto Repair (Former Lowe & Routh Oil Co) – 10225 Old Liberty Rd 3. Kwik Stop/Handy Mart #3 – 204 N Greensboro St

In order to manage the three sites of greatest risk, Town of Liberty staff will communicate with the Winston Salem Regional Office, UST Section, on a quarterly basis regarding the Liberty Tire, Draper’s Auto, and Kwik Stop pollution incidents and will investigate any sampling events from the Town Well #2 and #8 that seem unusual in any way.

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V. MANAGEMENT OF THE WELLHEAD PROTECTION AREA There are two methods of managing a Wellhead Protection Area, regulatory or non-regulatory. The Town of Liberty has selected a non-regulatory approach to manage the wellhead protection area, which will include the following:

Public Education The Town Manager has the primary responsibility for implementing the public education program. The Wellhead Protection Committee may be consulted as required. The PCS Data Charts list owner contact information for the identified potential contaminant sources within the WHPA for distribution of educational brochures on best management practices.

A Wellhead Protection Brochure and/or newsletter will be made available to each resident, business, agricultural operation and industry within the Wellhead Protection Area. Copies of this brochure will be made available at the Town of Liberty Town Hall and other locations deemed necessary for public education on Wellhead Protection. In general, the brochure and/or newsletter will convey to each citizen/business the following information:

• An explanation of what groundwater is and the number of wells in their particular system,

• An explanation of the Wellhead Protection Program, • Source of groundwater pollution, • Tips on protecting their water supply, • Information on proper disposal of household hazardous wastes and oils (i.e., not

disposed of through septic systems, pouring on ground, or through regular garbage collection)

• Information of proper use of fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides, • Information on household hazardous waste collection opportunities, • Information on proper maintenance of heating oil tanks and septic systems, and • Phone numbers to contact for more information

The following management practices have been developed to meet current and future needs of managing multiple types of contaminants in the wellhead protection area. Regulations adopted through Town Ordinances supersede the following.

Waste Management Practices The Town of Liberty will provide information to each of the businesses, industries, and farms located within the WHPAs on waste handling practices, best management practices, standard operating procedures, and waste oil disposal methods which could be employed to reduce the potential for ground water contamination. Also provided will be information regarding the North Carolina Division of Environmental Assistance and Customer Service (DEACS) to each business located within the WHPA. Owners/operators of potential

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contamination sources will be encouraged to contact DEACS. DEACS provides free technical and other non-regulatory assistance to reduce the amount of waste released into the air and water and on the land. DEACS serves as a central repository for waste reduction and pollution prevention information. DEACS emphasizes waste reduction through pollution prevention, encourages companies and government agencies to go beyond compliance, and provides information about the environmental permitting process. This information is provided at no charge to North Carolina businesses, industries, government agencies, and the general public upon request. For additional information, DEACS may be contacted at (919) 707-8100 or (877) 623-6748. For environmental emergencies, the agency can be contacted at (800) 858-0368.

Currently, the residents of the Town of Liberty receive weekly curbside pickup of household waste and recycling. Twice per month, the town offers residential leaf and limb removal services. Residents are required to dispose of white goods and furniture themselves at the Randolph Co. Landfill or any Randolph County convenience site. Randolph County offers 5 convenience site locations across the county. For the disposal of electronics and televisions, residents can take items to the Randolph County Landfill. More detailed information relating to Solid Waste/Recycling services for Randolph County can be found at:

http://www.randolphcountync.gov/Departments/Public-Works/Convenience-Sites.

Automotive & Equipment Waste All businesses in the Wellhead Protection Area that produce automotive or equipment wastes (oils, acids, antifreeze, etc.) will be provided information on waste handling practices, best management practices, standard operating procedures, and waste oil disposal methods which could be employed to reduce the potential for ground water contamination. They will also be provided information regarding the North Carolina Division of Environmental Assistance and Customer Service (DEACS). Owners/operators of these potential contamination sources will be encouraged to contact the DEACS. The DEACS provides free technical and other non-regulatory assistance to reduce the amount of waste released into the air and water and on the land. The DEACS serves as a central repository for waste reduction and pollution prevention information. The DEACS emphasizes waste reduction through pollution prevention, encourages companies and government agencies to go beyond compliance, and provides information about the environmental permitting process. This information is provided at no charge to North Carolina businesses, industries, government agencies, and the general public upon request. For additional information, the DEACS may be contacted at 1-877-623-6748 or to report an environmental emergency, call 1-800-858-0368. Their website is http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/deao/.

http://www.randolphcountync.gov/Departments/Public-Works/Convenience-Sites

http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/deao/

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Car Wash The Town of Liberty will provide Best Management Practices to carwashes present in the Wellhead Protection Areas. For carwashes in a permanent location, North Carolina 15A NCAC 02T .0113 should be referenced. All car washes in the WHPAs will be required to gain and maintain any permitting required of them by the NC DEQ. Should the site contain a Class V injection well, the business will be expected to demonstrate excellent compliance with all applicable state/federal regulations.

Personnel Training A staff meeting will be conducted with public works employees and town personnel to educate them on wellhead protection and the Town of Liberty’s wellhead protection program. They will be advised to be observant, while performing their duties, for any potential contaminant incidents. They will also be provided training and education on standard operating procedures and emergency measures for dealing with contamination incidents. Personnel at facilities owned and/or operated by the Town of Liberty will be educated on steps they can take to reduce the potential for contamination (e.g. information about best management practices, standard operating procedures, waste handling practices, etc.). The Town of Liberty will also contact the DEACS to investigate steps that can be taken to reduce the amount of waste released into the air and water and on the land at town owned and/or managed facilities.

Improperly Constructed or Abandoned Wells In the instance that an improperly constructed or abandoned well is discovered and identified within the WHPA, the owner will be provided information regarding the threat posed to the water supply by these wells. Owners of improperly constructed or abandoned wells will be encouraged to have these wells properly abandoned in accordance with state well construction standards found in 15A NCAC 2C, “Criteria and Standards Applicable to Water Supply and Certain Other Wells”. If information exists that a well is improperly constructed or is contributing to the contamination of groundwater, the Town of Liberty will notify the Winston-Salem Regional Office of the NC Division of Water Resources.

Underground Storage Tanks A regulated UST system is any underground storage tank and associated piping that contains petroleum (including gasoline, diesel and used oil) or a hazardous substance as defined by the State rules (15A NCAC 2N). Tanks containing heating oil for use on the premises where stored are not regulated.

All owners/operators of regulated underground storage tanks (USTs) and other facilities subject to federal and/or state regulations located within the WHPA will be requested to

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supply documentation that their facility is in compliance with said regulations. Operators of UST’s will be asked to supply Liberty with a copy of their UST permit. If any UST sites are found to be non-compliant, the Underground Storage Tank Section of the NC Division of Waste Management of DEQ will be notified.

If an abandoned UST site is found, the Town will contact the North Carolina Division of Waste Management, UST Section, to determine if a closure report was submitted demonstrating that no soil or groundwater contamination was identified during the removal of UST’s. If a closure report was not submitted, the Town will notify the UST Section of the location of the facility within the WHPA and its proximity to a public water supply well.

For soil or ground-water contamination incidents occurring within any WHPA, Liberty will contact the State agencies with oversight responsibilities for remediation to determine if remediation efforts are proceeding in a timely fashion and in accordance with any schedules established by these agencies. Through this process, the Town will bring to the attention of the State agencies with oversight responsibilities for remediation any failures by the responsible parties to comply with required monitoring and corrective action. The Town of Liberty will also notify the State agencies with oversight responsibilities for remediation of the location of the facility within the WHPA and its proximity to a public water supply well. The Town will also contact the State agencies with oversight responsibilities for the contamination incidents and notify them of the locations of the sites issued notices of “No-Further Action” occurring within the WHPA and will request a review of this assessment.

The Town of Liberty will notify any individual, industry, business, or government agency installing or planning to install a regulated underground storage tank within the wellhead protection area of the following regulation: North Carolina Underground Storage Tank (UST) Regulation 15A NCAC 2N .0301 stipulates specific siting and secondary containment requirements for UST systems installed after January 1, 1991. The rule is summarized as follows:

• No UST system may be installed within 100 feet of a public water supply well or within 50 feet of any other well used for human consumption.

• Secondary containment is required for UST systems within 500 feet of a well serving a public water supply or within 100 feet of any other well used for human consumption.

Violations of this regulation will be reported to the Division of Waste Management, Underground Storage Tank Section. The UST Section will also be notified of the location of the facility within the WHPA and its proximity to a public water supply well or any other well used for human consumption.

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Above Ground Storage Tanks Owners/facilities with an underground buried storage capacity of more than 42,000 gallons of oil, or an aggregate aboveground storage capacity greater than 1,320 gallons of oil, or an aboveground storage capacity of a single container in excess of 660 gallons are subject to the Oil Pollution Prevention regulations contained in Federal Regulations found in 40 CFR 112. In most cases, these facilities must prepare and implement a Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures (SPCC) Plan. The Town of Liberty will request a copy of the spill plan for each UST/AST facility located within the WHPA that require such document. The North Carolina General Statutes require registration of any facilities storing more than 21,000 gallons of petroleum product. Facilities with subject storage capacity found not to be in compliance with this regulation will be notified of their regulatory responsibility under this regulation. The WPC should also notify the Department of Environmental Quality, UST Section, if such facilities do not promptly come into compliance.

Septic and Heating Oil All farms, residents, businesses, and industries in the WHPAs with septic tanks and home heating oil tanks will be distributed a copy of the Wellhead Protection brochure and/or newsletter and any other information Liberty can obtain from federal, county and/or state agencies on proper septic tank and heating oil tank maintenance.

Residential, Municipal, and Industrial Wastewater Discharge The Town will maintain or obtain standard operating procedures for the maintenance of any wastewater collection system (including lift/pump stations) operating in any WHPA. Liberty will also maintain or obtain annual wastewater reports from owners of municipal wastewater collection systems providing services in the WHPA. Reports will be reviewed to ensure that adequate maintenance, including but not limited to the interior cleaning of sewage lines, is performed routinely to reduce the potential for sanitary sewer overflows as required by the NC Water Quality Collections System (WQCS) permit. Sanitary sewer overflow information can be obtained from the Department of Environmental Quality, Water Quality Permitting Section, at the Winston-Salem Regional Office by calling (336) 776-9800.

Liberty will contact the Division of Water Resources, Water Quality Permitting Section regarding facilities with NPDES permits to determine if all such NPDES discharges are in compliance with applicable regulatory and permit requirements pertaining to environmental protection such as routine monitoring and reporting requirements. Notification will be made to the Division of Water Resources if it is determined that the facility has failed to maintain compliance with any regulatory and/or permit requirements pertaining to environmental protection such as routine monitoring and reporting requirements.

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Chemical Storage The Town of Liberty will provide information to each business, industry, and farm located within the WHPA on chemical storage practices, best management practices for handling and disposal of chemicals, and resources for the development of spill response plans. Operators/owners of potential contaminant sources which store hazardous chemicals will be encouraged to follow all OSHA regulations and standards including proper labeling of chemicals, proper chemical storage and handling practices, and maintaining records of Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all chemicals onsite. Businesses, industries, and agricultural operations who employ staff will be encouraged to train their employees on the proper handling and disposal of all hazardous chemicals. All owners/operators of potential contaminant sites which use, store, or handle hazardous chemicals will be provided with a contact name and number for the Town of Liberty for reporting any chemical release or spill to the ground surface or if damage is found to any sewage or drain lines or chemical storage disposal containers that could potentially cause a contamination event. In the event of any large chemical release reported, the Town of Liberty will contact the NC Hazardous Materials Greensboro Regional Response Team at (336) 373-2222.

Inactive Hazardous Waste Sites (IHWS) located within the WHPA will be directed to NC DEQ Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch for information on the process of assessment and remediation of the contaminated site. The IHS Branch Winston-Salem Regional Office can be contacted at (336) 776-9800.

Pesticide Handling and Disposal The Town of Liberty will contact all facilities or agricultural operations within the WHPAs with pesticide storage or otherwise involved with the application of pesticides to ensure that they are pesticide operators licensed by the State of North Carolina and that proper records are maintained to ensure adherence to all NC Pesticide Laws. The Town will provide information to these facilities or agricultural operations on waste handling practices, best management practices, standard operating procedures, and proper waste disposal methods which could be employed to reduce the potential for ground water contamination. The “Managing Agricultural Fertilizer Application” brochure provided in the Appendix will be distributed to the agricultural operations facilities. Moore County Cooperative Extension offers a bi-annual pesticide collection day, to be held next around April 2020. For more details on this event, contact the Randolph County Extension Office at (336) 318-6000. These facilities will also be provided with information regarding the NC DEACS.

Animal Operations The Town of Liberty will contact the Division of Environmental Quality (DEQ) regarding any lagoons or animal operations located within its WHPAs if they suspect they may contaminate the ground water supply. It will also determine if facilities are in compliance with any

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regulatory and/or permit requirements pertaining to environmental protection such as routine monitoring and reporting requirements. Notification will be made to the Division of Environmental Quality if it is determined that a facility has failed to maintain compliance with any regulatory and/or permit requirements pertaining to environmental protection such as routine monitoring and reporting requirements. A Wellhead Protection brochure and/or newsletter will be delivered to each animal operations facility, in addition to information on best management practices.

Transportation Corridors and Railways The Town of Liberty will regularly monitor public state databases and will regularly contact the NCDEQ, UST Section of the Winston-Salem Regional Office to determine if there have been any new contaminant spills or releases on any of the corridors within the Town’s wellhead protection areas. Local fire department personnel, as well as police personnel, will be requested to provide information to the Town in the event such situation should arise.

Stormwater Discharge The Town on Liberty will contact the Division of Energy, Mineral and Land Resource’s Winston-Salem Regional Office at (336) 776-9800 regarding facilities with stormwater permits to determine that all such stormwater discharges are in compliance with applicable regulatory and permit requirements pertaining to environmental protection such as routine monitoring and reporting requirements. Notification will be made to the Division of Energy, Mineral and Land Resources if it is determined that the facility has failed to maintain compliance with any regulatory and/or permit requirements pertaining to environmental protection such as routine monitoring and reporting requirements.

Manufacturing The Town of Liberty will provide Manufacturers with appropriate Best Management Practices. The Town will frequently monitor federal databases to determine compliance of manufacturers with special classifications (ae. RCRA, TRI, etc.). Notification will be made to the appropriate State and Federal (when required) organizations of any compliance violations with regards to special classifications (ae. RCRA, TRI, etc.) Manufacturing facilities will be encouraged to contact the DEACS with regards to waste reduction. These facilities will also be encouraged to follow all applicable OSHA regulations regarding facility operations and maintenance as well as material storage and handling. Please see the Chemical Storage management strategy for Manufacturers that also store chemicals.

Hardware Store The Town of Liberty will encourage hardware stores containing materials potentially hazardous to the waste supply to follow all OSHA guidelines regarding safe material handling

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and appropriate material storage. In the event a hardware store carries hazardous chemicals (industrial cleaners, solvents, etc.), the management strategy for Chemical Storage should be referred to. In the event a hardware store has an underground storage tank (UST) or an above ground storage tank (AST), the respective management strategies should be referred to. The town will monitor these locations periodically for appropriate outdoor storage techniques for pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, and other chemicals.

Fire Station The Town of Liberty will keep proper maintenance on all vehicles owned by the Town. For management on vehicular waste, The Auto Waste strategy on page 30 will be followed. All chemicals stored will be clearly labeled and properly contained in accordance with State and Federal guidelines. Should a chemical spill occur, the Chemical Storage management strategy on page 34 will be followed. Any municipal building with an above ground storage tank or an underground storage tank should follow the management strategies presented on pages 31 – 33 for ASTs and USTs. Any municipal building within the Wellhead Protection Area will remain in excellent compliance with any applicable OSHA standards present.

RCRA Site Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) facilities are subject to regulations by the Division of Waste Management, Hazardous Waste Section. RCRA facilities within the Wellhead Protection Areas will be provided information on chemical storage practices, best management practices for handling and disposal of chemicals, and resources for the development of spill response plans. All owners/operators of RCRA facilities will be provided with a contact name and number for the Town of Liberty for reporting any chemical release or spill to the ground surface or if damage is found to any sewage or drain lines or chemical storage disposal containers that could potentially cause a contamination event. Should a hazardous material spill occur, the procedure for Hazardous Waste described in the Chemical Storage management strategy will be followed.

Machine Shop The Town of Liberty will encourage machine shops containing materials potentially hazardous to the water supply to follow all OSHA guidelines regarding safe material handling and appropriate material storage. In the event a machine shop carries hazardous chemicals (e.g. industrial cleaners, solvents, etc.), the management strategy for Chemical Storage on page 34 should be referred to. In the event a machine shop has an underground storage tank (UST) or an above ground storage tank (AST), the respective management strategies should be referred to on pages 31 – 33. If a site discharges process water under an NPDES or has a Non-NPDES permit, the NC Department of Environmental Quality will be contacted if a compliance issue has been determined. The Town will monitor public state databases periodically to determine if a pollution incident has happened at any of these locations as

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well as provide a contact name and a phone number to these locations to be contacted in the event of an emergency. These locations will be encouraged to contact the DEACs for free, non-regulatory technical assistance to reduce their waste generated.

Medical Facility Medical center waste management regulations can be found in 15A NCAC 13B. These regulations are administered by the Solid Waste Section under the Division of Waste Management (NCDEQ). Non-compliance with these regulation should be reported to the Solid Waste Section under the Division of Waste Management.

Wood Processing The Town of Liberty will encourage wood processors to follow OSHA standards (some provided in the “wood products” section of the OSHA website) regarding wood products and hazard recognition. Should any logging occur, owners/operators should also familiarize themselves with any OSHA materials specific to this process. During any logging operations, the rules of the Sedimentation Pollution Control Act must be followed as well as any other applicable forestry regulations. Any wood processing activity which requires discharge to land or water will be required to obtain any and all required permits (e.g. stormwater permits) to maintain compliance with the NC DEQ. For federal regulations, so relevant information may be found in 40 CFR part 429 on timber products. In the event of non-compliance, multiple NC DEQ divisions may be involved (Division of Air Quality, Division of Waste Management, Division of Water Resources, etc.), the most relevant of which will be contacted first.

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VI. EMERGENCY CONTINGENCY PLAN The primary person responsible for implementing the emergency contingency plan is William Doerfer, Town Manager. The back-up person responsible for implementation is Kevin Coble, Public Works Director.

Should a major oil or chemical spill occur within the Wellhead Protection Areas, appropriate emergency agencies would be notified. The first of these would include the Liberty Fire Department and the Randolph County Emergency Management Coordinator.

Fire Department: 911

Randolph County Emergency Coordinator: (336) 318-6913

Emergency contact resources and information are found in the appendix. This comprehensive listing includes contact information for emergency contacts, local utilities, local resources, county and municipal fire departments, and state and national agencies.

Short Term Contingency Plan < 48hrs

The Town of Liberty has three elevated water storage tanks with a combined storage capacity of 950,000 gallons. Its average daily usage is 180,000 gallons per day, so it has the capacity to store enough water for approximately 5 days. Liberty has 2 permanent generators for use at wells 1, and 4, (one mobile generator) to provide a backup power supply for short term power outages. The Town of Liberty is not connected to another water source.

Minor contamination (e.g. sulfur dioxide, manganese, iron or bacterial contamination) would possibly require the following plan:

a. Minor or major flushing of the distribution system. b. Possible valve closure from the elevated storage tanks and the water distribution

system. Each of these would be a minor disruption of less than forty-eight (48) hours to water treatment and water distribution.

Distribution system problems (e.g. line breaks, pump problems) could be remediated or rectified in less than forty-eight (48) hours. If problems extend beyond forty-eight hours, then the long-term contingency plan would be implemented.

In the event one well needs to be taken off-line, that well can be valved off and the other wells can be utilized for a long-term period with possible voluntary water restrictions.

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Long Term Contingency Plan > 48hrs

If evidence exists that indicates that a well is contaminated, it will immediately be taken off line and not returned to service until it is determined that water quality from the impacted well is in compliance with standards governing public water supplies. If one of Liberty’s wells were to become contaminated, it would be isolated from the rest of the system by a shut-off valve. If it were determined that contaminants had entered the distribution system, residents would be notified by radio, TV, newspaper, door-hangers, etc. not to drink the water until further notice. The regional office of the Public Water Supply Section would be notified immediately of the situation and asked for assistance. Sampling (i.e. bacteriological, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC), Synthetic Organic Compounds (SOC), etc.) would begin to determine the contaminant involved and the extent of contamination. A systematic flushing of the distribution system would begin with follow-up sampling conducted as needed until the system was determined to be free of contamination and in compliance with standards governing public water supplies. After consultation with the Public Water Supply Section, residents would be notified that the Town of Liberty’s water was once again safe for consumption.

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VII. IMPLEMENTING, MAINTAINING, AND UPDATING THE WHP PLAN Public Participation This plan will be available for public review at any time by visiting the Liberty Town Hall. The Town of Liberty will post a notice on all their social media platforms explaining to its customers what a Local Wellhead Protection Program Plan (LWPPP) is and how they can review the proposed LWPPP and make comments. Any substantive comments received from the public will be considered for inclusion into the final version of the Town of Liberty’s plan. An example of the Public Notification for the intended implementation of this Wellhead Protection Plan is located in the appendix.

New Public Water Supply Wells The Town of Liberty will amend its Local Wellhead Protection Program Plan to include any new wells added to its water system. The following steps will be taken to address any new wells added to the water system:

1. Develop a preliminary WHPA for the proposed well to determine the area of vulnerability.

2. Develop a contaminant source inventory for the preliminary WHPA. 3. Submit the information obtained in Steps 1 and 2 above to the Wellhead Protection

Committee (WPC). Any information required by the Public Water Supply Section (PWSS) relating to the development and construction of new public water supply (PWS) wells must also be submitted.

4. If the WPC grants provisional approval of the proposed Wellhead Protection Plan, and the PWSS grants approval to construct or expand the PWS well or well system, then work may proceed with well construction.

5. Finalize the WHPA delineation for the new well. 6. Finalize the contaminant source inventory for the WHPA. 7. Submit finalized WHPA and contaminant source inventory to the WPC. 8. Once approval is received, implement any necessary regulatory and/or non-

regulatory potential source management practices. 9. Submit the amended WHP Plan and all necessary supporting information to the

Public Water Supply Section for review and approval.

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Future Wellhead Protection The Town of Liberty is aware that an effective Local Wellhead Protection Program is an ongoing process requiring monitoring of the Wellhead Protection Area (WHPA) and periodic review and updating of an approved plan. Therefore, Liberty’s WPC will monitor the Wellhead Protection Areas (WHPAs) for any new or previously unidentified potential contaminant sources (PCSs) and activities occurring within the approved WHPAs. The Town will amend the PCS inventory and other plan components (e.g. the management strategies, emergency contingency plan, etc.) as necessary to incorporate any new threats to the systems groundwater source of drinking water. Additionally, the PCS inventory will be updated annually using the same procedures used to develop the original PCS inventory. The Town will also fully update the WHP Plan every five years or at any time a new well is constructed for use with the Town’s water supply system or a major land use change occurs within a WHPA. The individual(s) responsible for implementation of the WHP Plan will submit notification to the Public Water Supply Section annually upon completion of the PCS inventory update or immediately following the completion of a major revision. Any amended or revised sections of the approved WHP Plan resulting from an update or revision will also be submitted upon completion.

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APPENDIX

• Emergency Contact Resources and Information

• Description of Regulatory Databases Researched for PCSs

• Potential Contamination Sources by Risk Category

• Potential Contaminant Source Data Charts and Map

• Randolph County Solid Waste Site Locations

• Glossary of Acronyms and Abbreviations

• References

• NC Division of Environmental Assistance and Customer Service (DEACS) Brochure

• Liberty Educational Tri-fold Brochure on Wellhead Protection

• Managing Agricultural Fertilizer Application Flyer

• Gas/Service Station Best Management Practices Flyer

• Example Public Notice

• Site Evaluation Forms for Potential Contaminant Sources

• Pump Test Well 12

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Emergency Contact Resources and Information

Resources Contact Information

Primary Emergency Respondent Name: Title: Office #:

William Doerfer Town Manager 336-622-4276

Secondary Emergency Respondent Name: Title: Mobile #:

Kevin Coble Public Works Director 336-215-6506

Local Utilities

Electric Utility Facility: Report Line #:

Duke Energy (800) 452-2777

Local Resources Emergency Contractor for Well &

Pump Repairs Facility: Contact #:

Charles Underwood Inc. 1 (800) 729-2463

Emergency Management

Facility: Director: Office #: Coordinator: Office #:

Randolph County Emergency Services Donovan Davis (336) 318-6913 Jared Byrd 318-6978

Health Department Facility: Contact #:

Randolph County Health Department (336) 318-6200

Public Water Supply (PWS) Section Facility: Contact #:

PWS Winston-Salem Regional Office (336) 776-9800

Hospital Facility: Main #:

Chatham Hospital (919) 799-4000

EMS Facility: Emergency #:

Randolph County EMS 911

Police Facility: Contact #: Emergency #:

Liberty Police Department (336) 622-9053 911

Fire Facility: Contact #: Emergency #:

Liberty Fire Department (336) 622-9050 911

Local Television Facility: Contact #:

WFMY2 - Greensboro, NC (336) 370-9361

Local Newspaper Facility: Contact #:

Courier Tribune - Asheboro, NC (336) 625-2101

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Resources Contact Information

State & National Agencies

Technical Assistance Water Regulatory Agency

Regional Water Quality SSO's

UST Section Aquifer Protection Section

Hazardous Waste Section Spills

Facility: Address: Contact: Contact #:

DEQ - Winston-Salem Regional Office 450 W Hanes Mill Road, Suite 300 Winston-Salem, NC 27105 Eric Hudson, Regional Engineer (336) 776-9800

NC Department of Transportation

Facility: Contact: Address: Contact #:

Highway Division 8 Brandon H. Jones, Division Engineer 121 DOT Drive Carthage, NC 28327 (910) 773-8000

NC Army National Guard Contact #: (919)664-6000

Technical Assistance and Education

Facility: Address: Contact #:

NC Rural Water Association P.O. Box 590 Welcome, NC 27374 (336) 731-6963

Educational Brochures Publications

Facility: Address: Contact #: Website:

NC Coop. Ext. Services - NCSU Campus Box 7602 Raleigh NC 27695-7602 (919) 515-2811 www.bae.ncsu.edu

Educations Brochures Publications (GW & UIC Section)


US EPA Regional Office 61 Forsyth St SW Atlanta, GA 30303 (404) 562-8761 www.epa.gov

NC Emergency Management Regional Response Team

Contact: Work #: Report #:

Justin Graney, RRT Coordinator (919) 825-2286 (919) 861-3098

EPA Spill Reporting Facility: Contact #:

US EPA Regional Office (800) 424-8802

Technical & Non-regulatory Waste Reduction Assistance


NC DEACS 1639 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1639 (919) 707-8100 http://ncenvironmentalassistance.org/

Source Water Protection Educational Materials


National Small Flows Clearinghouse West Virginia University PO Box 6064 Morganton, WV 26506-6064 (800) 624-8301 http://www.nesc.wvu.edu/smart/products/education.cfm

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Description of Regulatory Databases Researched for PCSs National Priority List Sites The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, created the Superfund program. The acts established authority for the government to respond to the release/threat of release of hazardous wastes, including cleanup and enforcement actions. Long-term cleanups at National Priority List (NPL) sites last more than a year while short term /emergency cleanups are usually completed in less than a year. Sites are listed on the NPL upon completion of a Hazard Ranking System (HRS) screening, public solicitation of comments about the proposed site, and after all comments have been addressed. Section 105(a)(8)(B) of CERCLA, as amended, requires that the statutory criteria provided by the HRS be used to prepare a list of national priorities among the known releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants throughout the United States. This list, which is Appendix B of the National Contingency Plan, is the NPL.

The identification of a site for the NPL is intended to guide EPA in determining which sites warrant further investigation to assess the nature and extent of the human health and environmental risks associated with a site, identifying what CERCLA-financed remedial actions may be appropriate, notifying the public of sites EPA believes warrant further investigation; and serving notice to potentially responsible parties that EPA may initiate CERCLA-financed remedial action. Inclusion of a site on the NPL does not in itself reflect a judgment of the activities of its owner or operator, it does not require those persons to undertake any action, nor does it assign liability to any person. The NPL serves primarily informational purposes, identifying for the States and the public those sites or other releases that appear to warrant remedial actions.

For additional information about this data, contact the program by phone at 404-562-9634 or click here to visit their web site:

https://www.epa.gov/superfund/search-superfund-sites-where-you-live

Non-Discharge Permits The non-discharge database identifies industrial and municipal facilities that are permitted to operate any sewer system, treatment works, disposal system, petroleum contaminated soil treatment system, animal waste management system, storm water management system or residual disposal/utilization system which does not discharge to surface waters of the state, including systems which discharge waste onto or below land surface.

For additional information about this data, contact the unit staff by phone at 919-807-6453 or click here to visit their web site:

https://www.epa.gov/superfund/search-superfund-sites-where-you-live

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http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-permits/wastewater-branch/non-discharge-permitting

NPDES Permits The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) database identifies facilities permitted for the operation of point source discharges to surface waters in accordance with the requirements of Section 402 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. Point sources are discrete conveyances such as pipes or man-made ditches. Industrial, municipal, and other facilities must obtain permits if their discharges go directly to surface waters. The NPDES permit program controls water pollution by regulating point sources that discharge pollutants into public waters.

For additional information about this data, contact the program staff by phone at 919-807-6300 or click here to visit their web site:

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-permits/wastewater-branch/npdes-wastewater-permits

Pollution Incidents This database contains information regarding the release of pollutants into the environment that have or are likely to have, impact on the ground water resources of the State. The initial information regarding these releases is usually obtained from concerned citizens or responsible parties, who report a release to the Department of Environmental Quality. After an incident is reported, regional office staff investigate the reported incident and enter the results of their investigation into a statewide database. This database contains an inventory of reported incidents from leaking underground storage tanks and sites contaminated with dry cleaning solvents. Substances released into the environment include gasoline and solvents used in the dry cleaning process.

There are two main sources for this data. The Division of Waste Management, Underground Storage Tank Section provided information on the pollution incidents that resulted from a leaking underground storage tank. The Division of Waste Management, Dry-cleaning Solvent Cleanup Act Program provided information on their sites. For additional information about this data, contact the UST section staff by phone at 919-707-8171 or click here to visit their web site:

http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/ust

For Additional information from the Division of Waste Management, Dry-cleaning Solvent Cleanup Act, contact the staff by phone at 919-707-8369 or visit their web site at:

http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/dsca





http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/ust

http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/dsca

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RCRA Hazardous Waste Generators/Transporters This database has records for all hazardous waste generators and transporters as defined by the Resource Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA). Hazardous waste as defined by RCRA is waste material that exhibits ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity. Chemical, metal, and furniture manufacturing are some examples of processes that create hazardous waste. RCRA tightly regulates all hazardous waste from "cradle to grave" (i.e., from manufacture to disposal).

For additional information about this data, contact the Hazardous Waste Section staff by phone at 919-707-8200 or click here to visit the web site: http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/waste-management-rules/hazardous-waste-rules Septage Disposal Sites This database contains information on permitted, dedicated sites where septage is land applied. The Septage Management Program assures that septage (a fluid mixture of untreated and partially treated sewage solids, liquids and sludge of human or domestic origin that is removed from a septic tank system) is managed in a responsible, safe and consistent manner across the state.

For additional information about this data, contact the Septage Management Program staff by phone at 919-707-8280 or click here to visit their website: https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/waste-management-rules/septage Soil Remediation Sites This database contains information on permitted, dedicated sites where soil contaminated by leaking petroleum or chemical storage tanks can be taken for bioremediation. Bioremediation is a treatment process that uses naturally occurring microorganisms (yeast, fungi, or bacteria) to break down, or degrade, hazardous substances. These microorganisms break down organic compounds such as petroleum products that are hazardous to humans into harmless products, mainly carbon dioxide and water.

For additional information about this data, contact the Corrective Action Branch staff by phone at 919-707-8171 or click here to visit their web site:

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/underground-storage-tanks-section/corrective-action-branch

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/waste-management-rules/hazardous-waste-rules

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/waste-management-rules/hazardous-waste-rules

https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/waste-management-rules/septage

https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/waste-management-rules/septage



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Solid Waste Facilities Solid waste includes garbage, construction debris, commercial refuse, sludge from water supply or waste treatment plants, or air pollution control facilities, and other discarded materials. The database contains an inventory of closed, unlined landfills that were primarily operated by municipalities.

How to manage solid waste has been a problem for decades. In the early 1960s, cities and towns across the country practiced open air burning of trash. In response, Congress passed the Solid Waste Disposal Act in 1965 as part of the amendments to the Clean Air Act. This was the first federal law that required environmentally sound methods for disposal of household, municipal, commercial, and industrial waste. However, the initial design of the "sanitary" landfill fouled ground water, soil, surface water, and air because of improper disposal methods. Engineers have since designed new liners and leachate treatment systems to prevent environmental degradation.

For additional information about this data, contact the Solid Waste Section staff by phone at 919-707-8200 or click here to visit their website:

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/solid-waste-section

Tier II Sites This database contains an inventory of facilities that store types and amounts of hazardous materials and are subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III Section 312, Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act. Tier II forms require basic facility identification information, employee contact information for both emergencies and non-emergencies, and information about chemicals stored or used at the facility including:

- The chemical name or the common name as indicated on the MSDS; - An estimate of the maximum amount of the chemical present at any time during the

preceding calendar year and the average daily amount; - A brief description of the manner of storage of the chemical; - The location of the chemical at the facility; and - An indication of whether the owner of the facility elects to withhold location

information from disclosure to the public. For additional information about this data contact the Division of Emergency Management staff at 919-436-2746 or click here to visit their website:

http://www.ncdps.gov/Emergency-Management/Hazardous-Materials/EPCRA-Tier-2

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/solid-waste-section

http://www.ncdps.gov/Emergency-Management/Hazardous-Materials/EPCRA-Tier-2

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UIC Permits The Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program protects groundwater quality by preventing illegal waste disposal and by regulating the construction and operation of wells used for injecting approved substances, aquifer recharge, and other activities. The most common types of injection wells in North Carolina are used for:

• Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) • Geothermal Heating and Cooling • In-Situ Groundwater Remediation • Stormwater infiltration - effective May 1, 2012

For additional information about this data, contact the UIC Program staff by phone at 919-807-6496 or click here to visit their web site:

https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-permits/wastewater-branch/ground-water-protection/injection-wells

UST Permits An underground storage tank system (UST) is a tank and any underground piping connected to the tank that has at least 10 percent of its combined volume underground. The federal UST regulations apply only to underground tanks and piping storing either petroleum or certain hazardous substances. These facilities are regulated under Subtitle I of RCRA and must be registered with the state and receive an operating permit annually. Until the mid-1980s, most USTs were made of bare steel, which is likely to corrode over time and allow UST contents to leak into the environment. Faulty installation or inadequate operating and maintenance procedures also can cause USTs to release their contents into the environment. The greatest potential hazard from a leaking UST is that the petroleum or other hazardous substance can seep into the soil and contaminate ground water. A leaking UST can also present other health and environmental risks, including the potential for fire and explosion. The facilities shown in this database have tanks registered with the UST Section.

For additional information about this data, contact the Underground Storage Tank Section staff by phone at 919-707-8171 or click here to visit their web site.:

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/underground-storage-tanks-section

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-permits/wastewater-branch/ground-water-protection/aquifer-storage-recovery

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-permits/wastewater-branch/ground-water-protection/geothermal

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-permits/wastewater-branch/ground-water-protection/in-situ-groundwater-remediation

http://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-permits/wastewater-branch/ground-water-protection/stormwater-injection





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Potential Contamination Sources by Risk Category Higher Risk Potential Contamination Sources for Ground Water PWS Systems

COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL

• Automobile body shops o Gas stations o Repair shops

• Chemical/petroleum processing/storage

• *Sewer lines • Utility right-of-way/pesticide use • Chemical/petroleum pipelines • Wood/pulp/paper processing and

mills • Dry cleaners • Electrical/electronic manufacturing • Fleet/trucking/bus terminals • Furniture repair/manufacturing • Home manufacturing • Junk/scrap/salvage yards • Machine shops • Metal plating/finishing/fabricating • Mines/sand or gravel excavations • Parking lots/malls (> 50 spaces) • Photo processing/printing • Plastics/synthetics producers • Research laboratories

OTHER

• Road salt storage areas • Military installations

(for classified risks not otherwise listed)

AGRICULTURAL/RURAL

• Farm machinery repair • Rural machine shops • *Intensive livestock operations

o Lagoons, spray fields • Fertilizer, pesticide, and petroleum

storage, distribution, handling, mixing, and cleaning areas

• *Sewage sludge (biosolids) storage, handling, mixing, and cleaning areas

• *Sewage sludge (biosolids) land application

• Unauthorized/illegal disposal of wastes/chemicals

RESIDENTIAL/MUNICIPAL

• Airports – maintenance/fueling areas • Railroad yards – maintenance/fueling

areas • Landfills/dumps • Utility stations – maintenance areas • *Septic systems – high density

(>1/acre) • *Sewer lines • *Stormwater drains/discharges • Fertilizer, pesticide, sewage sludge

Notes:

1. This is a list of potential sources of contamination not a list of known databases of contaminants. 2. Higher risk potential contaminant sources are considered to have a higher potential for drinking water

contamination than those designated moderate risk or lower risk. Facility-specific management practices are not taken into account in estimating risks and assigning these categories.

3. An asterisk [*] indicates activities that may be associated with microbiological contamination.

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Moderate Risk PCSs


• Car washes • Cement/concrete plants • Food processing • Hardware/lumber/parts stores

AGRICULTURAL/RURAL

• *Auction lots • *Boarding stables • Crops: Irrigated

(Berries, Christmas trees, hops, mint, orchards, vineyards, nurseries, greenhouses, vegetables, sod)

• Drinking water treatment plant residuals/sludge application


• Drinking water treatment plants • Golf Courses • Housing – high density

(>1 house/.5 acres) • Motor pools • Parks • Waste transfer/recycling stations • Wastewater treatment plants

collection stations

OTHER

• Above ground storage tanks • Construction/demolition areas • Hospitals • Transportation corridors

o Freeways/state highways o Railroads o Right-of-way maintenance

(herbicide use areas) • Irrigation, water supply, or

monitoring wells

Lower Risk PCSs


• Office buildings/complexes • RV/mini storage

AGRICULTURAL/RURAL

• Crops: non-irrigated (grains, grass seeds, hay)

• Crops: drip irrigated • *Rangeland • Managed forests/silviculture


• Apartments and condominiums • Campgrounds/RV parks • Fire stations • Schools • Housing – low density

(<1 house/.5 acres)

OTHER

• Medical/dental offices/clinics • Veterinary offices/clinics

SOURCE: Adapted from EPA (1993), and from the Oregon Wellhead Protection Program

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Potential Contaminant Source Data Charts

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PCS Category Map Code PCS Site Physical Location Risk

Category Owner Contact Contaminant Contaminant Quantity Latitude Longitude

AST A-1 Liberty Public Works 221 W Swannanoa Ave M Town of Liberty Diesel Gasoline

500 gal 500 gal 35.852816 -79.573773

AST A-2 Liberty Oil & Propane Company 432 S Greensboro St M

Jim Parker 336-622-4393 PO Box 446 Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 622-4393

Gasoline Diesel Kerosene Propane

20,000 gal 8,000 gal 6,000 gal 30,000 gal

35.846355 -79.567292

AST A-3 Staley Plumbing & Utilities 10141 Old Liberty Rd M

David Staley PO Box 606 Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 622-4903

Euipment Fuel 5,000 gal (2) 10,000 gal 35.850103 -79.5912

Auto Repair and Sale B-1 Advance Auto Parts 512 W Swannanoa Ave H

SS Realty LLC Suite 100 132 Sheppard Ave W Toronto, Ontario Canada (336) 622-1545

Waste Oil 55 gal 35.852368 -79.580718

Auto Repair and Sale B-2 High Tech Collision Center 437 Frances Dr H

William Pabst 234 S Cook St Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 622-2977

Waste Oil Antifreeze

55 gal 55 gal 35.864613 -79.578904

Auto Repair and Sale B-3 Cruisin' Oldies Tires &

Automotive 155 S Greensboro St M

Hardin LLC PO Box 400 Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 314-4018

Residual oils and soap Small quantities 35.852132 -79.571396

Auto Repair and Sale B-4 Napa Auto Parts - Debbies

Automotive 420 S Greensboro St H

Debbies Automotive and 4 Wheel Drive LLC 420 S Greensboro St Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 622-7885

Waste Oil 200 gal 35.846836 -79.567431

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Car Wash C-1 Splash Car Wash 405 W Swannanoa Ave M

Tar Heel Splash LLC 3111 W Market St Greensboro, NC 27403 (336) 701-2334


Car Wash C-2 Coble's Detail & Car Wash 308 S Murphy St M

Larry Coble 308 Murphy St Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 622-8280


Cemetery D-1 Amos Grove Cemetery 4369 Starmount Rd L Town of Liberty Pesticides and Fertilizers

Small quantities 35.854867 -79.587364

Cemetery D-2 Fairview Cemetery W Swannanoa Ave L Town of Liberty Pesticides and Fertilizers


Cemetery D-3 Bethany Methodist Church 6151 Bethany Way L

Bethany Methodist Church 6151 Bethany Way Staley, NC 27355

Pesticides and Fertilizers


Fire Station, AST

E-1 A-4 Liberty Fire Department 515 W Swannanoa Ave L

M Town of Liberty Diesel 300 gal 35.851621 -79.58051

Hardware Store F-1 Liberty Hardware &

General Store 130 W Swannanoa Ave M

Liberty Hardware & General Store LLC 4582 Bunton Swaim Rd Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 622-4701

Fertilizer, pesticides, herbicides, motor oil


Inactive Hazardous Waste Site

G-1 Former Stout Chair Facility 204 E Kime Ave X Marcus Ollington 4715 Avenue F Austin, TX 78751

Inactive Hazardous Waste Site: Notice of Residual Petroleum and Perpetual Land Use Restriction bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phalate

3 ug/L

35.84574 -79.568153

Inactive Hazardous Waste Site, Manufacturing, RCRA

G-2 J-1 R-1

Leggett & Platt Work Furniture (Former Liberty Furniture)

330 N Greensboro St X H L

Leggett & Platt Office Components PO Box 757 Carthage, MO 64836 336-622-0121

Inactive Hazardous Waste Site: RCRA Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generator #NCD0003213568

< 100 kg/month of non-acute hazardous waste

35.858887 -79.571818

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Machine Shop H-1 ChrisCo Machinery, Inc. 10144 Old Liberty Rd H

Erik Christenbury PO Box 262 Staley, NC 27355 (336) 622-3063

Residual oil Small quantities 35.849066 -79.591012

Major Highway I-1 HWY 49 E Swannanoa/S Fayetteville St M NC DOT Spills N/A 35.852779 -79.570494

Major Highway I-2 Old HWY 421 Greensboro St M NC DOT Spills N/A 35.853135 -79.572044

Major Highway I-3 HWY 421 US-421 M NC DOT Spills N/A 35.840695 -79.59709

Manufacturing J-2 Supertex, Inc 312 W Luther Ave M

312 Luther Street LLC 312 W Luther Ave Liberty, NC 27298 (973) 345-1000

Commercial dyes 275 gal 35.861111 -79.576794

Medical Facility K-1 Liberty Medical Facility 525 W Swannanoa Ave L

Leeville Ventures LLC 802 Northern Shores Ln Greensboro, NC 27455

Pharmaceuticals, Sterilants, Disinfectants, Cleaning Chemicals


Pollution Incident P-1 Glendale Hosiery

Company 210 E Swannanoa Ave X Glendale Hosiery Co 1200 E Third St Siler City, NC 27344

UST Incident #13632 35.853254 -79.568317

Pollution Incident P-2 Handy Mart #1 728 S Greensboro St X

Handy Mart of Liberty Inc 204 N Greensboro St Liberty, NC 27298

UST Incident #13633 35.840585 -79.565136

Pollution Incident P-3 Liberty BP 252 Greensboro St X

Mitch Rose PO Box 3227 Wilmington, NC 28406

UST Incident #13356 35.856758 -79.572396

Pollution Incident, Auto Repair and Sale, UST

P-4 B-5 S-1

Draper's Auto Repair (Former) Lowe & Routh Oil Co

10225 Old Liberty Rd X H H

Jeff Draper 10225 Old Liberty Rd Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 622-8407 Owned by Euliss

UST Incident #13214 Waste Oil UST Active: Diesel Gasoline Kerosene

100 gal (2) 10,000 8,000 and 10,000 10,000

35.850783 -79.588447

Pollution Incident, Auto Repair & Sale, Monitoring Wells, AST

P-5 B-6 M-1 A-5


232 N Greensboro St

X H M M

Liberty Tire and Auto Inc. PO Box 537 Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 622-2248

UST Incident #37686 AST: Waste Oil

500 gal 35.856185 -79.572148

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Pollution Incident, RCRA, AST

P-6 R-3 A-6

Euliss Oil Company 122 S Foster St X L M

Euliss Oil Company PO Box 789 Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 622-3055

UST Incident #18035 RCRA Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generator #NCD986173946 AST: Gasoline

< 100 kg/month of non-acute hazardous waste 5,000 gal

35.851516 -79.577184

Pollution Incident, UST

P-7 S-2 Kwik Stop/Handy Mart #3 204 N Greensboro St X

H

Shakunt Inc. 3932 Fox Grove Trail Greensboro, NC 27406 (336) 622-4406

UST Incident #30208 UST Active: Gasoline

5,000 gal 10,000 gal 35.855165 -79.572074

Pollution Incident P-8 Phil-Knit, Inc. 233 S Greensboro St. X

Phil-Knit, Inc. LLC Tommy Johnson PO Box 985 Liberty, NC 27298

UST Incident #10606 35.850011 -79.568036

Pollution Incident P-9 Hardin's Wholesale Florist 233 W Bowman Ave X

Hardin's Wholesale Florist, Inc. Billy Hardin PO Box 1129 Liberty, NC 27298

UST Incident #13617 35.856421 -79.574857

Pollution Incident, RCRA

P-10 R-4

Charter Furniture (Former Gregson Furniture)

206 Frazier Ave X L

Lodging by Liberty Inc 206 E Frazier Ave Liberty, NC 277298 (336) 622-2201

UST Incident #15494 RCRA Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generator #NCD982124646

< 100 kg/month of non-acute hazardous waste

35.844573 -79.568539

Railroad Q-1 Norfolk Southern Freight Route Greensboro St M Environmental Spills

Line: 800-453-2530 Spills N/A 35.847577 -79.567928

RCRA, Stormwater, Manufacturing

R-5 N-1 J-3

Ultracraft Company 6163 Old 421 Rd H H H

Norcraft Companies LLC 950 Blue Gentian Rd Ste 200 Eagan, MN 55121 (800) 262-4046

RCRA Large Quantity Generator #NCD986177459 NPDES Permit #NCG180223 Furniture and Fixtures Stormwater Discharge COC Finishing material Oil Glue (non-toxic) 3M cleaner

5,000 gal 400 gal 500 gal 220 gal

35.882246 -79.580425

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RCRA, Pharmacy

R-6 O-1 CVS Pharmacy #5377 204 Liberty Plaza H

L

Nicole Wilkinson CVS DR Woonsocket, RI (336) 622-2364

RCRCA Large Quantity Generator #NCR000155051

> 1,000 kg/month 35.854051 -79.578516

UST S-3 Circle K 127 E Swannanoa Ave H

Circle K Stores Inc 2440 Whitehall Park Dr Ste 800 Charlotte, NC 28273 (336) 622-1900

Gasoline 10,000 gal and 8,000 gal 35.853964 -79.569356

UST S-4 Dollar General #3942 632 W Swannanoa Ave H

Dolgencorp LLC 100 Mission Ridge Goodlettsville, TN 37072 (336) 622-0161

Gasoline Diesel

15,000 gal (2) 15,000 gal 35.85261 -79.583271

UST S-5 Quick Check 47 402 Swannanoa Ave H

United Fuels LLC DBA Quik Chek 220 W Spring St Liberty, NC 27298 (336) 622-4032

Gasoline Kerosene

8,000 gal (3) 2,000 gal 35.852978 -79.577022

Waste Collection Station

T-1 Liberty Convenience Site 428 W Brower Ave M Town of Liberty Waste Oil 275 gal 35.850951 -79.578777

Wastewater Lift Station U-1 W Kime Ave Lift Station 509 W Kime Ave M Town of Liberty Wastewater 35.846554 -79.580029

Wastewater Lift Station U-2 Starmount Lift Station 4249 Starmount Rd M Town of Liberty Wastewater 35.853362 -79.584583

Wastewater Lift Station U-3 Ultra Craft Lift Station

4899 Curtis Industrial Dr M Town of Liberty Wastewater 35.881174 -79.584957

Wood Processing V-1 Edwards Wood Products 9979 Old Liberty Rd H

Edwards Wood Products Inc Alamance PO Box 219 Marshville, NC 28103 (336) 622-7537

Residual oil Small quantities 35.849961 -79.597327

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Glossary of Acronyms and Abbreviations AST – Above ground Storage Tank CERCLA – Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act CWA – Clean Water Act DEACS – Division of Environmental Assistance and Customer Service DEQ – Division of Environmental Quality DWR – Division of Water Resources ECHO – Enforcement and Compliance History Online EPA – Environmental Protection Agency EPCRA – Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act Gpm – gallons per minute LWPPP – Local Wellhead Protection Program Plan NCDA – North Carolina Department of Agriculture NCP – National Contingency Plan NCRWA – North Carolina Rural Water Association NPDES – National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System OERR – Office of Emergency and Remedial Response ORC – Operator Responsible in Charge PCS – Potential Contamination Source PIRF – Pollution Incident Reporting Form PWS – Public Water Supply PWSS – Public Water Supply Section RCRA – Resource Conservation and Recovery Act SOC – Synthetic Organic Compound SPCC – Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures SWAP – Source Water Assessment and Protection SWDA – Solid Waste Disposal Act TRI – Toxic Release Inventory UIC – Underground Injection Control UST – Underground Storage Tank VOC – Volatile Organic Compound WHPA – Wellhead Protection Area WHPP – Wellhead Protection Program or Plan WPC – Wellhead Protection Committee WQCS – Water Quality Collection System WSRO – Winston-Salem Regional Office

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References Environmental Protection Agency. Envirofacts Warehouse. Available at:

http://www3.epa.gov/enviro/

Ground Water Division, North Carolina Division of Water Resources, NC Division of Environmental Quality: http://www.ncwater.org/?page=20

North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Environmental Health, Public Water Supply Section, The North Carolina Wellhead Protection Guidebook, Developing a Local Wellhead Protection Program, 2003.

North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Resources, UST Section, Ground Water Protection Section, Winston-Salem Regional Office Files, 450 West Hanes Mill Road, Suite 300, Winston-Salem, NC 27105.

North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality. Division of Water Resources’ Ground Water Management Branch Map Interface. Available at: https://www.ncwater.org/GWMS/openlayers/ol.php?menulist=bl

North Carolina Division of Water Resources. Local Water Supply Plan for the Town of Liberty. Available at: https://www.ncwater.org/Water_Supply_Planning/Local_Water_Supply_Plan/report.php?pwsid=02-76-025&year=2018

Randolph County website. Available at: http://www.randolphcountync.gov/

Source Water Assessment Program. Informational Mapper 2.0. Available at: http://nc.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=d93b2cf7732340399fb7df5b3ff5c287

Source Water Assessment Report for Town of Liberty. Available at: https://www.ncwater.org/files/swap/SWAP_Reports/0276025_4_25_2017_85_11.pdf

Town of Liberty website. Available at: https://www.liberty-nc.co

http://www3.epa.gov/enviro/

http://www.ncwater.org/?page=20

https://www.ncwater.org/GWMS/openlayers/ol.php?menulist=bl

https://www.ncwater.org/Water_Supply_Planning/Local_Water_Supply_Plan/report.php?pwsid=02-76-025&year=2018

https://www.ncwater.org/Water_Supply_Planning/Local_Water_Supply_Plan/report.php?pwsid=02-76-025&year=2018

http://www.randolphcountync.gov/

http://nc.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=d93b2cf7732340399fb7df5b3ff5c287

http://nc.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=d93b2cf7732340399fb7df5b3ff5c287



https://www.liberty-nc.co/

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NC Division of Environment Assistance and Customer Service (DEACS) Brochure

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Liberty Educational Tri-fold Brochure on Wellhead Protection

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Managing Agricultural Fertilizer Application Flyer

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Gas/Service Station Best Management Practices Flyer

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Example Public Notice Please publish the following notice on all social media platforms and the town website. Once published, please forward a copy of the web posts and affidavit to the NC DEQ PWSS to be added to the supporting documents; material should be mailed to Danny Edwards, PWSS, 1634 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1634.

Town of Liberty Local Wellhead Protection Program Plan Notice

The Town of Liberty, with assistance from the North Carolina Rural Water Association, is in the process of updating its Local Wellhead Protection Program Plan. This is a voluntary program intended to assist us in protecting the system’s water supply from contamination, and to identify vulnerable areas around our wells called the “Wellhead Protection Areas”. Another goal of this program is to make residents and businesses aware that chemicals and other pollutants spilled or dumped in the vicinity of the “Wellhead Protection Areas” can be drawn into the wells, possibly contaminating the system’s drinking water supply. The Town is asking for your assistance in developing this program. A draft copy of the Wellhead Protection Plan will be available for review and comment at the Liberty Town Hall located at 239 S. Fayetteville St., in Liberty. You are invited to review the program and submit any comments or suggestions to the Town of Liberty. All written public comments will be reviewed by the Wellhead Protection Committee, and any suggestions or comments that may be beneficial will be incorporated into the program. If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to contact Mr. William Doerfer, Town Manager, at 336-622-4276.

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Site Evaluation Forms for Potential Contaminant Sources

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Well 12 Pump Test

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