Table I. Long-Term and Synoptic Measurements

Helioseismic Probing GONG, SOHO, SDO

Surface Magnetic Fields BBSO, GONG, ISOON, MSFC, MSO, MWSO, NSO,

SDO, SOHO, WSO

X-Ray & EUV (Full Disk & Resolved) GOES, SDO, SOHO, STEREO, SXI, YohkohVisible & Near-Infrared Solar Imagery BBSO, ISOON, MLSO, NSO, PSPT, SFSO Spectral & Total Solar Irradiance ACRIM, ERB, GOES, NPOESS, SDO, SOHO, UARSCoronal White-Light & Line Emission MLSO, NSO, SMEI, SOHO, STEREOL1 Plasma & Fields ACE, SOHO, Triana, Wind

Energetic Particles ACE, GOES, SOHO, STEREO, WindNeutron Monitor Network Bartol, University of Chicago

Radio Wave Observations & IPS RSTN, STEREO, Wind

Table IV.2.a Programs in Development or Awaiting Launch

Mission Description ThemesHigh Energy Solar

Spectrographic

Imager (HESSI)

An Explorer mission with x-ray and gamma-ray

imaging spectrometers to study explosive energy

release in solar flares.

4

National Polar-orbiting

Operational

Environmental Satellite

System (NPOESS)

Multi-agency program for polar-orbiting satellites

that will provide a variety of meteorological and

climate data including the total solar irradiance.

2

Solar-B An ISAS-led mission that will measure the full solar

vector magnetic field on small scales along with

coordinated optical, EUV, and x-ray measurements.

2, 4

Solar Mass Ejection

Imager (SMEI)

A multi-agency mission led by the USAF with an all-

sky camera to image CMEs as they propagate

through the solar wind.

3, 4

Solar Terrestrial Relations

Observatory (STEREO)

Twin spacecraft that provide stereo imaging and in

situ measurements of coronal mass ejections as they

propagate from the Sun to 1 AU.

3, 4

Triana Earth-observing mission that will orbit L1 that also

includes solar wind and magnetic field instruments

2, 4

Table IV.3.a Operational Space Missions

Mission Description Themes

Advanced Composition

Explorer (ACE)

A mission to study the elemental and isotopic

composition of solar wind, solar energetic particles,

and cosmic-rays that also provides real-time solar-wind

data from L1.

2, 4, 5

Genesis Discovery-class mission that will collect solar wind

samples from L1 orbit and return them to Earth for

laboratory analysis. Also provides solar wind data from

L1.

2, 4

Geostationary Operational

Environmental Satellites

(GOES)

NOAA meteorological satellites that also provide real-

time solar x-ray, solar particle, and magnetic field data.

GOES-12 carries a new Solar X-ray Imager (SXI).

4

Solar, Anomalous, and

Magnetospheric Particle

Explorer (SAMPEX)

Polar-orbiting mission that measures the composition

of solar energetic particles, anomalous cosmic rays,

and trapped radiation

4, 5

Solar and Heliospheric

Observatory (SOHO)

ESA-led mission to study the Sun’s outer atmosphere,

the solar wind, and solar internal structure using

helioseismology.

1, 2, 4

Transition Region and

Coronal Explorer

(TRACE)

Explorer mission with an EUV/UV telescope to study

dynamic phenomena on the Sun with arc-second

resolution.

2, 4

Ulysses ESA/NASA mission that will soon complete its second

orbit over the poles of the Sun carrying a payload

composed mainly of particles and fields instruments.

2, 4, 5

Voyager Interstellar

Mission

Voyager 1 and 2 are now speeding towards the solar

wind termination shock with hopes of eventually

reaching the nearby interstellar medium

5

Yohkoh ISAS-led mission that combines hard and soft

x-ray imaging and spectroscopy to outline the magnetic

structure of the Sun’s outer atmosphere

2, 4

Table IV.3.b. Ground-Based Solar Observatory ContributionsArecibo BBSO GONG* HAO SOON MSO MWSO NRAO NSO OVRO PSPT* RSTN* SFSO WSO

Long. B Fields S S S I I SVector B Fields I S ICaIIK Photometry I S IH Photometry S SHe Photometry S SContin. Photometry S ICoronal Emission S SCoronal Contin. SHelioseismic Data S I10cm Radio flux I I I SRadio emission data I I IPrimary Research Themes 3,4,5 2,4 1 1-4 4 1-4 1 3,4,5 2,3,4 3,4,5 1,2,4 3,4 2,4 2,3,4

Notes: S - synoptic observing programs, I - Intermittent observing programs, * - indicates network operated by several institutions

Key: BBSO - Big Bear Solar Observatory, GONG - Global Oscillation Network Group, HAO - High Altitude Observatory, SOON - Solar Optical Observing Network, MSO - Mees Solar Observatory, MWSO - Mt. Wilson Solar Observatory, NRAO - National Radio Astronomy Observatory, NSO - National Solar Observatory, OVRO- Owens Valley Radio Obsevatory PSPT - Precision Solar Photometric Telescope [network], RSTN - Radio Solar Telescope Network, SFSO - San Fernando Solar Observatory, WSO - Wilcox Solar Observatory

Table V.1.b. FASR Specifications

Frequency range ~0.1 - 30 GHz Frequency resolution ~3% (2 - 30 GHz) <1% (0.1 - 2 GHz)Time resolution <1 sec (2 - 30 GHz) ~0.1 sec (0.1--2 GHz)Antenna size D = 3 - 5 m Number of antennas ~100 Number of baselines ~5000 Polarization full Stokes Independent data channels 4 - 8 pairsAngular resolution 20/f arcsec (f in GHz)Field of view 1125/(fD) arc min (f in GHz; D in m)

Observatory Country Ang. Res. Frequencies Type-----------------------------------------------------------------------Gauribidanur India 5' 40 - 150 MHz 2D mappingNancay France arc min 150 - 450 MHz 2D mappingRATAN-600* Russia 240''-15'' 1 - 20 GHz fan beamOVRO USA 90''-5'' 1 - 18 GHz 2D mappingSiberian SRT Russia 20 '' 6 GHz 2D mappingNobeyama Japan 15'', 8'' 17, 34 GHz 2D mappingItapetinga* Brazil 2' 48 GHz MultibeamSST Argentina 3' - 1' 212, 410 GHz MultibeamMetsahovi* Finland 4'-1' 22,37,90 GHz Single beam-----------------------------------------------------------------------Bruny Island Australia 3 - 20 MHz SpectrographIzmiran Russia 25 - 260 MHz SpectrographsOndrejov Czech Republic 0.8 - 4.5 GHz SpectrographsTremsdorf Germany 40 - 800 MHz SpectrographsZurich Switzerland 0.1 - 8 GHz SpectrographsEspiunica Portugal 150 - 650 MHz SpectrographsNancay France 10 - 40 MHz SpectrographCulgoora Australia 18 - 1800 MHz SpectrographsHiraiso Japan 25 - 2500 MHz SpectrographsARTEMIS Greece 100 - 469 MHz SpectrographBeijing/Yunnan China 0.7 - 7.3 GHz Spectrometers------------------------------------------------------------------------DRAO Canada 2800 MHz Fixed freq.Cracow Poland 410 - 1450 MHz 6 fixed freqs.SRBL USA 0.4 - 15 GHz Fixed freqs.Nobeyama Japan 1.0 - 86 GHz 7 fixed freqs.Hiraiso Japan 200, 500, 2800 MHz 3 fixed freqs.Trieste Italy 237 - 2695 MHz 6 fixed freqs.

Table Appendix 1. Solar Radio Instrument Capabilities From Around the World