8/13/2019 Table Bilingual Programmes

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8/13/2019 Table Bilingual Programmes

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ESL (pullout)

The goal focuses on assimilation

and the result tends to besubtractive bilingualism.

Students need to adapt to host country, but in

order to do so they have to be helped withthe development of their L2.

The students attend mainstream classes

and then have intensive ESL classes toassist them in their assimilation tomainstream classes. They are pulled outof classes such as English Language Arts

for native speakers. They are almostinvariably exposed to the L2.

Students are mainstreamed into

traditional classes but are pulledout for ESL classes.

Language

maintenance

programme

The goal is bilingualism and

biliteracy (Additive bilingualism)

Biliteracy and bilingualism are assets rather

than dangers to integration.Maintaining the L1 has positive effects on

students achievement through the L2.

The use of the L1 and L2 are similar to

transitional programs but differ in thatthey continue to develop their L1

through language arts classes.

Students are grouped together

according to their L1. Oftenthese maintenance classes

take place outside the normalclassroom, through extra-

schooling.

Two-way

bilingual

model (Dual

immersion)

The goal is bilingualism andbiliteracy

Bilingualism and biliteracy are good for allstudents immigrants and native.

Languages are a resource for society.It is important for immigrants that theirlanguages are valued outside the home too.

Both of the languages are used equally inclass although the distribution may vary.

There can be days, subjects, or eventimes set aside for one language oranother.

The class is made up of nativespeakers of both languages

being taught (normally 50% ofeach). In this sense both sets ofstudents can act as a model forthe other while continuing to

develop their own L1 skills.Immersion

(Canadian

model)

Learning of an L2 by being taughtthrough it.

Bilingualism and biliteracy are assets. French (the L2) is the language ofinstruction. Both languages, L1

(English) and L2 (French) are highlyvalued by the system.,

English L1 students are groupedtogether. There are no French

L1 students in class.