T est item analysis
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“Why do we need to analyze the items of
the test?”
Assessment- it is description, or explanation
of something, usually based on careful consideration or
investigation.
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“Purpose of assessing the
item”To determine its difficulty.
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How to Analyze the Item?
1. Facility index – the percentage of examinees who correctly answer an item. The higher
the index, the easier is the item.
Guide for interpreting the facility index:81-100% correct - very easy61- 80% correct- easy41- 60% correct- Average facility21- 40% correct- Difficult 0- 20% correct - Very difficult
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2. Discrimination index – this is a number which indicates the ability of an item to differentiate between high and low scorers on the test
Guide for interpreting discrimination index:
Index≤ 0.0 - negatively or not at all
discriminating .01 - .15 - very low discrimination .16 - .30 - moderately discrimination .31 - .45 - good discrimination > .45 - highly discrimination
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Sample of Difficulty Index
Option Freq. % Valid percen
t
Cum Perce
nt
*A 341 93.2 93.2 93.2
B 1 .3 .3 93.5
C 4 1.1 1.1 94.6
D 20 5.4 5.4 100
TOTAL 366 100 100
Item No. 1
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Option Analyses
Option
Freq. %
*A 341 93.2
B 1 .3
C 4 1.1
D 20 5.4
TOTAL 366 100
Item No. 1
The correct key (A)was chosen by 93.2% of the examinees. This item is too easy; perhaps option A is very obviously the correct answer Option B is not performing as an option. It was not plausible enough. C is also a poor option. (To be considered plausible, an option must be chosen by at least 3% of the examinees)Item No. 2
Option
Freq. %
A 2 .5
B 340 92.3
*C 16 4.8
D 8 2.4
TOTAL 366 100
Item 2 suggests a possibly wrong key. Or it could imply misconceptions because B is just too attractive an answer. The key should be reviewed. The item too, because it might only have been misunderstood.
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Item Analysis on 30 Item
N = 780
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N= 780H = 27% OF 780 = 210B = 27% OF 780 = 210
Formula:FI = (h + b) X 100%
(H + B)
DI = (h - b) H
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Distribution of Numbered Items Accdg. To Facility and Discrimination Indices
Facility Index(%)
DISCRIMINATION INDEX
Neg.-.00 .01 - .15 .16 - .30
.31 - .45 .46 - .60 > .61 Total
81 – 100%
61 – 80 %
4 2, 10 6, 13, 24 11, 14 8
41 – 60% 16 5 23, 17 29 1 3, 7, 20, 22
10
21 – 40% 25 26 15, 27 4
0 – 20% 9, 12, 17 8, 18, 21, 30
19 8
Total 5 6 4 5 4 6 30
The frequencies inside the green box are those of acceptable items.
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