Systems thinking

43
Systems Thinking Dr. Amjad Idries

Transcript of Systems thinking

Page 1: Systems thinking

Systems Thinking

Dr. Amjad Idries

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Why we study Systems Thinking?

• It is a leadership competency. Some people can think globally while acting locally (see the big picture).

• It helps to see the determinants and the consequences when we take decisions and actions to solve the problems.

• It helps in change some habits or practices or ways of thinking and way we talk.

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What are systems?

Systemنظام

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البل�د ... .. ” عارفي�ن أأأأ�ي شوي�ة ارحمون�ا جماع�ة ي�افيه�ا م�ا وفيه�ا س�ستمدي عدي�ل ماش�ة وم�ا

حف��ر كله��ا الزل��ط وشوارع الضبان، قدر باعوضوس��خ�انة والموي�ة عرباتك�م مس�اعدات وبتكس�روالمعيش��ة ..!! معدتك��م جدران أغشي��ة وبتض��ر

ب�ي الطمط�م كيل�و وس�عر والتعلي�م 10غالي�ة دوالربتقط�ع فيه�ا الكهرباء والمس�تشفيات الواط�ة ف�ي

ومعايشنو .. ..!!“ عارفنو كلو دا العملية نص في

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كل” في النة المستشفي إدارة سببة دة الخللإال واحدة مقابلة رسوم بتدفع الدنيا مستشفياتالعمومي الطبيب بمقابلة بتبدأ التأمين حالة في

اإلختصاص لحهة التحويل يتم الكشف بعد ….وهزا في وحدة لية عامل دة الطبيب نفسيبين غريب وضع دة و الخاص المستشفي

..… المراقبة غ�ياب بوضوحما : كلها البلد دة الحاصل في الرئسي السبب

سيستمفيها و محدد نظام يتبع مرفق وال مافي كدة عشان

: .… دولة الحل الدولة قبل من يراقبمؤسسات……!!!!!!! ”

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ريكوفري” بعمل أنا و لسيستمانهاردةكله للهارد فورمات عمل توب الالب

!500ضيع # %! #! #! $@ & $ $ الداتا من جيجا(: # صائم# أني اللهم $ @$@

هارد في نصيحتكوا عاوز كنت انا usbالمهمكده ” بعد الداتا علي أحافظ كويسعشان يكون

http://dvd4arab.maktoob.com

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What we miss most of the time ……..

is to see the events or patterns from a system point of view

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What is the system?• Meaning !!

• Definition: it is set of interacting or interdependent or

related components/ elements forming an integrated whole.

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What differentiate systems?In what ways we think of and define a system?

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Controls

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Why feedback?

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The boundary of a system is a decision made by an observer(s)Think about the entry points to the system

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Elements of the System1. Inputs and Outputs2. Processes3. Controls4. Feedback5. Environment6. Boundaries and Interface

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A system can be nested inside another system

A system can overlap with another system

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Can we see systems?• Hard systems.

• Soft systems.

Model: is simplified representation or description of a system or situation used to improve understanding

Graphic models Conceptual model

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Important aspects in models:

1. Components and/or Sub-systems

2. logical sequences of activities,

3. Influence or effects,

4. Flows,

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Systems modeling is generally a basic principle in understanding how systems usually works, its behavior and dynamic

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Concept of Multifinality• How different people see the same system?

• It helps in analyzing the system into subsystems.

• Also helps in understanding the boundaries and the environment.

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Can you see it from different points of view?

SupermarketSocial

system

Dating system

Supply system

Profit making system

Distribution system

Employment system

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What is the benefits of that?

New insights may be gained into:

- how the supermarket works?

- why it has problems?

- how it can be improved?

- how changes made to one component of the

system may impact the other components?

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Challenging you ……..

HR SystemIn your

organization

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By thinking like this you start to look for the

SynergyWhat is the situation where different

entities combine advantageously .

where the whole becomes greater than the sum of the individual parts

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Systems Thinking

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What is Systems Thinking?• Is the process of understanding how things

within the systems influence one another within a whole.

• It is an approach to problem solving, by viewing "problems" as parts of an overall system.

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• It involves much more than the reaction to present outcomes or events.

• It demands a deeper understanding of the linkages, relationships, interactions and behaviors among the elements that characterize the entire system.

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The Concept• It was introduced for the first time by the

military strategist (John A. Warden III).

• Five Ring System model: any complex system could be broken down into five concentric rings.

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Five Ring System model1. Leadership,

2. Processes,

3. Infrastructure,

4. Population and

5. Action Units

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System Characteristics• Self-organizing.• Constantly changing.• Tightly linked.• Governed by Feedback.• Non-linear.• History dependent.• Counter-intuitive.• Resistant to change.

Sterman 2006

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Self-organizing• System dynamics arise spontaneously

from internal structure.• The structure is usually linked to the

behavior of the system.

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Constantly changing• Systems adjust and readjust at many

interactive time scales.

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Tightly linked• The high degree of the connectivity means

that the change in one sub-system affects the others.

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Governed by Feedback• Positive or negative response that may alter

the intervention or expected effects

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Non-linear• Relationships within the system cannot be

arranged along a simple input-output line

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History dependent• Short-term effects of intervening may differ

from long term effects

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Counter-intuitive• Cause and effect are often distant in time and

space, defying solutions that pit causes close to the effects they seek to address

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Resistant to change• Seemingly obvious solutions may fail or

worsen the situation.

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This approach makes you…..…… more able to understand the context and the

connections.

…. anticipate rather than react to, the downstream consequences of changes in the system.

…….. more able to identify upstream points of control.

This makes you a good system thinker

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