Systems Theory study group
description
Transcript of Systems Theory study group
SYSTEMS T
HEORY STU
DY
GROUP
O V E R V I EW A
N D GE N E R A L S
Y S T E M S TH E O R Y
SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPWhat are theories?• Ways of conceptualizing behaviors, relationships, and
problems• Represents your worldview – your way of making sense out
of things• Ideas and concepts which form the basis for the various
models which we study and use• Philosophical approach to therapy, relationships, and
problems
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SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPWhy are they important?• Your “house” is built upon one or more theoretical
approaches• How you choose to intervene and provide therapeutic
services are guided by your particular philosophical understandings
• Your choice(s) of model(s) will be informed by your theoretical underpinnings
• Therapy requires a strong understanding of theories• Helps you meet the client’s needs• Is required for passing the national exam
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SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPHow many theories are there?• That’s a great question• That depends upon who you ask• There are ways to conceptualize these theories into various
categories• Ingoldsby et al. (2004) highlighted 9 theories related to
families
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SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPStrategic Structur
edExperiential
Behavioral
Intergenerational
Centers MRI, Haley-Madanes Institute, Institute for Family Studies, Ackerman Institute
Philadelphia Child Institute
Big Sur Univ of Oregon Georgetown Family Center
People Jackson, Watzlawick, Haley, Madanes, Palazzoli
Minuchin Satir and Whitaker
Weiss Bowen
Assumptions about problem
Communication problems; problem solving problems; stuck
Change over time; structural imbalances; internal/external factors
Interactions shaped by other experiences; need for validation; failure to connect
Learning; negative reinforcement; coercive cycles
Intergenerational; emotional systems of family; emotional imbalances in family
Change Disrupt cycle; get unstuck
ID system level of problem; learn new patterns
Challenge assumptions; confrontation and feeling
Positive reinforcement; reciprocal reinforcement
Safely handle feelings; use extended family
Techniques
Paradox; reframe; letters
Joining; enactments; crisis
Sculpting Goal setting; Behavior tracking
Coaching; Genogram
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Theory Theory Theory Theory TheoryCentersPeopleAssumptions about problemChangeTechniques
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This is the basic format for what you might want to include in your own chart. This will help you track the various models and the significant data related to each.
SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPTonight we will discuss general systems theory because it is
the foundational core of much of the rest of family systems theory
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SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPGeneral systems theory• Derived from the work of Bertalanffy• Viewed the world from a biological perspective• Attempted to give meaning to how biological systems
operate• Teaches us that the whole is greater than the parts• Components are interdependent (change in 1 causes change
in others)• AKA: Systems theory, Open systems theory, Systemic
theory
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SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPGeneral systems theorySystems theory was proposed in the 1936 by the biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy, and
further developed by Ross Ashby. von Bertalanffy was both reacting against reductionism and attempting to revive the unity of science. He emphasized that real systems are open to, and interact with, their environments, and that they can acquire qualitatively new properties through emergence, resulting in continual evolution. Rather than reducing an entity (e.g. the human body) to the properties of its parts or elements (e.g. organs or cells), systems theory focuses on the arrangement of and relations between the parts which connect them into a whole (cf. holism). This particular organization determines a system, which is independent of the concrete substance of the elements (e.g. particles, cells, transistors, people, etc).
Thus, the same concepts and principles of organization underlie the different disciplines (physics, biology, technology, sociology, etc.), providing a basis for their unification. Systems concepts include: system-environment boundary, input, output, process, state, hierarchy, goal-directedness, and information.
An information system is an example of the interaction of multiple elements as envisioned by GST.
Source: http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/SYSTHEOR.html
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SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPGeneral systems theoryAll systems have common elements. These are:
input output throughput or process feedback control environment goal
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SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPTerm Definition ExamplesInput The material/information
transformed by the systemInformation; digital input; analog input
Throughput
The process used to make sense of input
Thinking, planning, decision making
Output The results of the input and throughput
Family decisions
Feedback Information received regarding output
Negative feedback; positive feedback
Subsystem
A 2nd system within a system Parental system
Closed system
Fixed relationships – not open to outside influence
Enmeshed families
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SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPTerm Definition ExamplesOpen system
Interacts with surroundings and outside influences
Family with healthy boundaries
Boundary Differentiates one system from another
Hierarchy; parents/children
Negentropy
Tendency toward homeostasis Develop rules to return to normalcy
Entropy Tendency toward chaos Dysfunctional families; addicted families
Equifinality
End result can be reached by various means
Decision on resolving conflict in marriage
Cybernetics
The ways in which systems operate
Closed/open/feedback loops
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SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPTerm Definition ExamplesHomestasis
Normal state of a system Family faces conflict and returns to a balanced system
Negative Feedback
Homeostatic maintainer- Behavior that restores system to a comfort range
Child individuates and is punished – remains enmeshed
Positive Feedback
Pro-change behavior that upsets equilibrium beyond thresholds of accustomed behaviors
Teenager challenges authority and results in rules changes
1st Order Change
Change that occurs within a system that itself remains unchanged
Change within an individual
2nd Order Change
Change that alters the system itself
Addicted family enters into recovery
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SYSTEMS THEORY STUDY GROUPResourceshttp://quizlet.com/2873390/new
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