Systems Engineering Presentation

7/30/2019 Systems Engineering Presentation

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SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

A brief Introduction



Definition A system is collection of different elements

that interact to produce results that are notobtainable by the elements alone.

Systems engineering is an appropriatecombination of theories and tools, carriedout through the use of a suitable

methodology and set of proceduresappropriate for the resolution of real-worldproblems of large scale and scope.



Introduction to systems engineering Systems engineering is often seen as an

emerging discipline

− It has been around since the wheel! The term is often used but frequently

misunderstood

− As is the concept of a systems engineer Systems engineering brings together many

disciplines − Applies to all domains

− Not just engineering

Systems engineering applies across whole lifecycle



Why System Engineering?

Since the development of new modern systems isstrongly driven by technological change, we shall addmore characteristics to a system requiring systems

engineering, namely, that some of its key elementsuse advanced technology.

Systems Engineering is required because it integratesall of the disciplines and groups into a team effort

forming a structured development process thatproceeds from concept to production to operation.



The need for systems engineering

It’s very easy for things to go wrong− Project disasters and failures

Essential to inspire confidence − In staff − In clients

Essential to demonstrate professionalism



ORIGIN OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

No particular date can be associated with the originsof systems engineering. Systems engineeringprinciples have been practiced at some level sincethe building of the pyramids and probably before.

The recognition of systems engineering as a distinct

activity is associated with the effects of World War II. The relation of modern systems engineering to itsorigins can be best understood in terms of three basicfactors:

1 . Advancing Technology: provides opportunities for increasing

system capabilities, but introduces development risks that require SE

2 . Competition: require seeking superior & more advanced system

solutions thru the use of systems-level

3 . Specialization: requires partitioning of the system into building blocks

that can be designed and built by specialists, and strict management of their interfaces and interactions



Inter-disciplinary involvement

A T C s y s t e m se n g i n e e r i n g

E l e c t r o n i ce n g i n e e r i n g

E l e c t r i c a le n g i n e e r i n g

U s e r i n t e r f a c ed e s i g n

M e c h a n i c a le n g i n e e r i n g

A r c h i t e c t u r e

S t r u c t u r a le n g i n e e r i n g

S o f t w a r ee n g i n e e r i n g

C i v i le n g i n e e r i n g



Systems may be any technology

Mechanical

Electronic

SoftwareChemical

Thermodynamic

Human organizationsBiological



Primary Function Definitions

Development: includes the activities required to evolve the system fromcustomer needs to product or process solutions.

Manufacturing/Production/Construction: includes the fabrication of engineering test models and “brass boards,” low rate initial production, full-rate production of systems and end items, or the construction of large or unique systems or subsystems.

Deployment: includes the activities necessary to initially deliver, transport,receive, process, assemble, install, checkout, train, operate,house, store, or field the system to achieve full operational capability.

Operation: is the user function and includes activities necessary to satisfydefined operational objectives and tasks in peacetime and wartimeenvironments.



Support: includes the activities necessary to provide operations support,

maintenance, logistics, and material management.

Disposal: includes the activities necessary to ensure that the disposal of decommissioned, destroyed,or irreparable system components meets allapplicable regulations and directives.

Training: includes the activities necessary to achieve and maintain theknowledge and skill levels necessary to efficiently and effectively perform

operations and support functions.

Verification: includes the activities necessary to evaluate progress and

effectiveness of evolving system products and processes, and tomeasure specification compliance.



A washing machine consists of a main clothes tub, anelectric motor, an agitator, a pump, a timer, an inner spinning tub, and various valves, sensors, and controls. Arefrigerator, microwave oven, dishwasher, vacuumcleaner, and radio all perform a number of usefuloperations in a systematic manner. However, theseappliances involve only one or two engineering disciplines,and their design is based on well - established technology.Thus, they fail the criterion of being complex, and we

would not consider the development of a new washer or refrigerator to involve much systems engineering as weunderstand the term, although it would certainly require ahigh order of reliability and cost engineering.

EXAMPLES OF SYSTEMS REQUIRING SYSTEMS ENGINEERING



SYSTEMS ENGINEERING VIEWPOINT

The essence of the systems engineeringviewpoint is exactly what it implies — makingthe central objective the system as a wholeand the success of its mission. This, in turn,

means the subordination of individual goalsand attributes in favour of those of the overallsystem. A systems engineer is always anadvocate of the total system in any contest

with a subordinate objective.

“The whole is more than the sum of its parts.” Aristotle, 384 BC – 322 BC



The Scope of Systems Engineering



WHO DOES SYSTEMS ENGINEERING?

All Members of a Multi-disciplinary team• Engineering• Quality• Subcontract Management

• Business Management• Etc. Everyone involved with development of a

system should be a “systems thinker”.

Keep the end result in mind. Everyone should use a common framework

(PROCESS) and language



Systems engineering provides a systematic andorderly framework that should be accepted and

used by all disciplines during the development of complex systems.



SYSTEMS ENGINEERNG APPROACHES

Systems engineering can also be viewed in terms of thedepictions of the sequence of processes andmethodologies used in the execution of the design,development, integration, and testing of a system. Earlygraphics were linear in the process flow with sequences

of steps that are often iterative to show the logicalmeans to achieve consistency and viability.



The popular systems engineering “ V ” diagramprovides a view of life cycle development with explicitrelationships shown between requirements and

systems definition and the developed and validatedproduct.



Simplified “V” Diagram

S y s t e mi n t e g r a t i o n

S u b - s y s t e md e v e l o p m e n t

S y s t e md e s i g n

R e q u i r e m e n t sd e f i n i t i o n

S y s t e mi n s t a l l a t i o n

S y s t e me v o l u t i o n

S y s t e md e c o m m i s s i o n i n



The Systems Engineering Process

The major steps in the completion of a typicalsystems engineering project are the following:

(1) problem statement; (2) identification of objectives; (3) generation of alternatives; (4) analysis of these alternatives; (5) selection of one of them; (6) creation of the system; (7) operation.



SYSTEMS DOMAINS

With a broad view of system development, it can beseen that the traditional approach to systems nowencompasses a growing domain breadth. And much likea Rubik’s Cube, the domain faces are now completelyintegrated into the systems engineer’s perspective of the

“big (but complex) picture.” The systems domain facesinclude not only the engineering, technical, andmanagement domains but also social, political/legal, andhuman domains. These latter softer dimensions requireadditional attention and research to fully understand their

impact and utility in system development, especially aswe move to areas at the enterprise and global family of systems levels of complexity.



SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AS A PROFESSION With the increasing prevalence of complex systems in

modern society, and the essential role of systemsengineering in the development of systems, systemsengineering as a profession has become widelyrecognized. Its primary recognition has come incompanies specializing in the development of large

systems.

In addition, global challenges in health care,communications, environment, and many other complexareas require engineering systems methods to develop

viable solutions.

The slowness of recognition of systems engineering asa career is the fact that it does not correspond to thetraditional academic engineering disciplines.



Career Choices



The Challenge of Systems Engineering

An inhibiting factor in becoming aprofessional systems engineer is that itrepresents a deviation from a chosenestablished discipline to a more diverse,

complicated professional practice. It requiresthe investment of time and effort to gainexperience and an extensive broadening of the engineering base, as well as learning

communication and management skills, amuch different orientation from the individual’ s original professional choice.



Conclusion

Systems engineering is hard! There will never be an easy answer to the

problems of complex system development

Disciplines need to recognize each others strengths and actively rather than reluctantly

cooperate in the systems engineering process



Is Systems Engineering the

Solution to all of the World’sSystems Problem?

MAY NOT BE.........

But it can certainly help to solve

quite a few of them.

Thank You

Systems Engineering Presentation

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