System-on-Chip
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CHAPTER 8:SYSTEM-ON-CHIP
Chris Desomer
Lars Jacobs
|H05B9| Advanced Platform Architectures and MappingMethods for Embedded Applications: Lecture
prof. dr. Ir. Ingrid Verbauwhede
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Topics for today
• SoC Concept
• Design Principles in SoC Architecture
• Example: Portable Multimedia System
• SoC Design Flow
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SoC CONCEPTSoC Concept
Design Principles in SoC Architecture
Example: Portable Multimedia System
SoC Design Flow
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SoC Concept
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• Platform for Domain-Specific Computing
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Advantages
• Specialization of the Platform• High Processing Efficiency• Lower Power Consumption
• Flexibility of the Platform• Lower Design Cost
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Hardware Components
• CPU• Central Controller• Local Instruction Memory
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• Communication Bus• Address Map• Divided into Segments• Bus Bridge
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Hardware Components
• Bus Master• Bus Arbiter needed
when Multiple Masters
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• Custom Hardware• Standard Peripheral on System Bus
• Attached to CPU through Local Bus
• Inside CPU
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DESIGN PRINCIPLES IN SoC
ARCHITECTURESoC Concept
Design Principles in SoC Architecture
Example: Portable Multimedia System
SoC Design Flow
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Design Principles
• Heterogeneous and Distributed Data Processing
• Heterogeneous and Distributed Communications
• Heterogeneous and Distributed Storage
• Hierarchical Control
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Data Processing
• Data Processing Parallelism• Word-Level Parallelism
• Instruction-Level Parallelism
• Task-Level Parallelism
• Domain-Specific Computing
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Communications
• Central bus = bottleneck?!
• Solution: Multiple Bus Segments• Own Function and Speed
• Connected through Bus Bridges
• ≠ types of interconnection mechanisms
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Bus Topologies
• Linear• Bus Bridges
• Bus Arbitration needed
• Hierarchy
• Static Assignment
• Non – linear• Bus Switches
• Limited Scalability
• Network On Chip
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Storage
• ≠ Types of Memories • Registers
• DRAM
• SRAM
• NVROM
• NVRAM
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Control
• SoC• Outside = Single Logical Entity
• Inside = Many Hardware Modules in Parallel
• Challenge to Minimize Conflicts• Task of the Designer
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EXAMPLE: PORTABLE MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM
SoC Concept
Design Principles in SoC Architecture
Example: Portable Multimedia System
SoC Design Flow
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Digital Media Processor
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Design Principles• Processing
• Hardwired Processing
• Signal Processing
• General-purpose Processing
• Communication• Switchbox
• Additional Dedicated Interconnects (e.g. Bus between ARM andInstruction Memory)
• Storage• Off-chip SDRAM
• Dedicated Instruction Memories attached to DSP and ARM
• Control• Optimal Parallelism controled by ARM
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Exynos 5 Dual
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SoC DESIGN FLOWSoC Concept
Design Principles in SoC Architecture
Example: Portable Multimedia System
SoC Design Flow
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References
• Schaumont, P. (2012) A Practical Introduction to Hardware/Software Codesign. Springer
• Wikipedia, “System on a chip.”, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_on_a_chip
• Samsung, “Exynos 5 Dual.”, http://www.samsung.com/global/business/semiconductor/product/application/detail?productId=7668
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