Presentation on

SYSTEM APPROACH TO

EDUCATION

System System approachapproach

Neils view: “System Neils view: “System approach to education approach to education

is defined as a is defined as a particular method of particular method of exploration to find exploration to find effective ways of effective ways of talking about, talking about, designing and designing and

organizing learning organizing learning situation in practice.”situation in practice.”

System approach applied System approach applied to educational situation to educational situation

impliesimplies

Standards of output performance.Planned input and processes involving

organised learning materials and methods.Monitored output in which the use is to

revise, improve and evaluate the instructional system providing feedback to the learner and teacher.

A degree of inbuilt flexibility to adjust to individual situation.

Parameters of a Parameters of a systemsystem

PROCESS

ANALYSIS AND

FEEDBACK

INPUT

OUTPUT

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INPUTInput refers applied to what is put into a

system

o Studento Teachero Administrationo Curriculumo Instructional materialo Job opportunityo Rural and urban local instituteo Hostel facility

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ProcessProcess refers to what goes on in a systemo Curriculumo Instituteo Facilityo Teachers

Output output is the product of a system. Monitored output

which is used to revise, improve and evaluate the instructional system.

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Analysis and feedbackAnalysis and feedback

Monitored environment provides feedback to the learner and

teacher. A system operates in a physical and social environment. A system cannot operates beyond

the limits and boundaries of its environment context and

constraints.

PURPOSES AND USES OF SYSTEM PURPOSES AND USES OF SYSTEM APPROACH IN EDUCATIONAPPROACH IN EDUCATION

Improvement in instructional system : System approach can effectively improve the instructional system. In instructional system, certain interactive and interrelated elements are operating in a systematic way to achieve stipulated instructional objectives.

Inputs: Inputs are teachers, students, curriculum, content, instructional material.

Process: It includes instructional methods strategies and approaches.

Output: Output are attainment of instructional objectives.

Improvement in co-curriculum activities: It helps in bringing improvement in the organization of curriculum activities and other educational aspects for maximum development of personality.

Improvement in training: It helps in improving training and development programmes. To be continue…

Utilization of resources: Utilization of human and non human material and resources can utilize more effectively the schools personnel by controlling, coordinating and evaluating continuously the activities of all the personnel.

Increase control and coordination: Coordination among different parts is exercised as a result of the achievement of specific objectives at level of operation.

Improvement in school affairs: System approach may help in managing and improving the school affairs by bringing efficiency in the school management and administration.

Improvement in planning: It helps in systematic educational planning in terms of long range goals and specific short range objectives.

Improvement in evaluation: It helps in bringing improvement in the examination and evaluation system.

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Improvement in guidance: System approach in education can help in organizing and improving the guidance service of the school.

Improvement in non-formal and adult education: System approach in education can prove an effective means for designing, controlling and improving the system of non-formal and adult education.

Improvement in quality of education: It has full potentiality to provide quite effective control to the process and products of education by solving the various problems related to education.

Thus the main use of system approach n education is to improve the quality of education.

Identify the task or the problem

Analyses the situation

Arrange for good management

Identify the objectives

Specify the material and methods to be used

Construct a prototype or programme design

Test a prototype design

Analyse the results

Implement and recycle

Model instructional areaModel instructional areaAREA: Learning to speaking ENGLISH

Step 1: Identify the task or the problem:An English teacher finds out that there students are not able to speak English properly. So they try to develop an Instructional System to train the student to speak English with fluency and good pronunciation

Step 2: Analyse the situationThe English teachers, developing the instructional system, find out that their students, coming from lower middle class families are not exposed to spoken English. List of available resources, both in a school as well as in the community, which could be utilized for speech practice, is prepared. This list may include tape records, radios, television, lingua phone records, audio cassettes, projectors, chats, diagrams etc. If a language laboratory is available in the school or in the nearby community, it will be ideal for giving speech practice. If a language laboratory is not available at least a good number of audio cassette records should be available.

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Step 3: Arrange for good managementThere should be very good co-ordination among the teachers developing Instructional system. Each one is to be assigned some responsibilities. Step 4: Identify the objectsThe terminal objectives may be stated in general terms as

well as in specific terms.

(A)The students, at the end of the instruction, will be able to speak in English with fluency and good pronunciation.

(B) They can distinguish between sound pattern.

Step 5 : Specify the materials and method to be used

(1)Audio tape recorder

(2)Radio

(3)Chart of vowels, diphthongs and consonants

(4)Film-strips, slides etc. for visual presentation

(5)TelevisionTo be continue….

Step 6: Construct a prototype designed(1)Listening to and producing individual sound.

(2)Listening to words and sentences and also producing them.

(3)Listening to dialogues and taking part in dialogues.

(4)Describing picture orally.

Step 7: Test the prototype designPicture describe test, role-play test, interview etc. can be conducted to measure the student’s progress in the attainment of speech-skills through the Instructional System.Step 8: Analyse the resultThe result will indicate what revisions and modifications are necessary in the materials and methods.

Step 9: Implement and recycleAfter making necessary revisions and modifications the Instructional System is used for the whole class

Role Of A Teacher In Role Of A Teacher In System ApproachSystem Approach

o Assessment in inputo Data collectiono Alternativeso Analysing objectiveso Discussionso Activations o Feedback datao Modification of components and

processeso Assessment o Modification of system

Problems or difficulties in Problems or difficulties in Implementing System Implementing System Approach in EducationApproach in Education

Difficulties in saying ‘good bye’ to old methods

Time consuming Hard work Not suitable for all problems

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION In spite of certain difficulties and limitations, it provides opportunity

to modify and improve the educational system as best as

possible in the light of the evaluation of the outcomes in relation to inputs, processes, environment constraints and

stipulated objectives. Thus system approach has full potentiality to provide effective control to the

process and products of education by solving the various problems

related to education.