Syntax ENSGA03X / Pedagogical Grammar ENSG1B02X

2010 - 2011

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NLEqsii7G1M&feature=related

Lessons Syntax Block 1, first 8 meetingsRest of Bl 1: 1 hour per week regular recaps and practice test

Pedagogical Grammar starts half way through bl 1. Runs until and including bl 3. In bl 4 remedial meetings to prepare for resit.

Tests Syntax end of block 1

study: reader & notes

Pedagogical Grammar end of block 3

What is a sentence? A group of words which makes sense. A word or set of words followed by a

pause and revealing an intelligible purpose.

A combination of words that contains at least one subject and one predicate.

A combination of words that completes a thought.

Collins English Dictionary

‘A sequence of words capable of standing alone to make an assertion, ask a question, or give a command, usually consisting of a subject and predicate containing a finitefinite verb.’

What are sentences for?

To make statements To ask questions To request or demand action To express emotion

The Life and Strange and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe

I was born in the Year 1632, in the City of York, of a good Family, tho' not of that Country, my Father being a Foreigner of Bremen, who settled first at Hull; He got a good Estate by Merchandise, and leaving off his Trade, lived afterward at York, from whence he had married my Mother, whose Relations were named Robinson, a very good Family in that Country, and from whom I was called Robinson Kreutznaer; but by the usual Corruption of Words in England, we are now called, nay we call our selves, and write our Name Crusoe, and so my Companions always call'd me. —Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe (1719)

‘But --- !’

Subject & “The rest” Subject – What is it

“Rest” – What we’re saying about it

ExamplesSUBJECT

John

The dog

The beautiful fairy

“Rest”

smiled.

was barking.

had granted three wishes.

Examples“Rest”

Over the horizon appeared

SUBJECT

an immense Armada.

AnalysisDividing sentences into

Constituents (zinsdelen)

Giving them labels

eg Subject

Constituents Phrase

eg Noun Phrase (head word is a noun)

The dogs / barkedThe furious dogs / barked

The furious dogs of the milkman / barked

Five kinds of phrases1. Noun phrase the furious dogs

2. Adjective Phrase glad3. Adverb Phrase drastically4. Verb Phrase was barking / rushed

off

5. Prepositional Phrase in the garden

Word Class (Parts of Speech)p22

Parsing (the art of analysing the various roles played by words in a sentence)

OPEN CLASSESNounsAdjectivesVerbs

AdverbsInterjections

CLOSED CLASSESDeterminersPronounsConjunctionsPrepositionsAuxiliaries