Syngas Synthesis & Its Use

7/24/2019 Syngas Synthesis & Its Use

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Syngas Synthesis & UseGroup 6: Jacob Hebert, MichaelMcCutchen, Eric Powell, Jacob

einhart


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Syngas

Short na!e "or synthetic gas !a#e up o"hy#rogen an# carbon !ono$i#e

Create# by the process o" gasi%cation bio!assstea! re"or!ing'

CH() H*+ -H*) C+

Main use is "or the generation o" electricity


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Purpose o" Syngas

Syngas is an inter!e#iate co!poun#that hol#s !any .aluable uses/

Pro#uction o" syngas has: opene# up a wi#e .ariety o" research

opportunities in renewable energysources

pro.i#e# e0cient pro#uction o" otherche!icals

en.iron!ental bene%ts

pro.i#e# a sa"er "uel source


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Use: Electricity Generation

Stea! re"or!ing is use# to pro#uce a li1ui# calle#pyrolysis oil, use# li2e cru#e oil/

Syngas has the ability to replace natural gas as a !ore

ther!ally e0cient li1ui# "uel/

Electricity can be generate# "ro! the power pro.i#e# bythe co!bustion o" syngas at the cost o" 3ero carbone!issions

4his pro.i#es a !uch cleaner, econo!ical, an#renewable source instea# o" our co!!on reliability onnatural gas/

http:55bio!ass!aga3ine/co!5articles5-775syn

gas89
http://biomassmagazine.com/articles/1399/syngas-101http://biomassmagazine.com/articles/1399/syngas-101http://biomassmagazine.com/articles/1399/syngas-101http://biomassmagazine.com/articles/1399/syngas-101


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Use: Gas Engines

Syngas is consi#ere# a renewable "uel since itsorigins !ainly co!e "ro! biological !aterialssuch as organic waste/

Putting a carbonic waste strea! through syngassynthesis con.erts waste to power throughco!bustion/

ene%ts inclu#e : renewable power, re#uction o"carbon e!issions, proble!atic wastes to usable"uel, an# onsite power pro#uction/

http:55www/clar2e8energy/co!5synthesis8gas

8syngas5
http://www.clarke-energy.com/synthesis-gas-syngas/http://www.clarke-energy.com/synthesis-gas-syngas/http://www.clarke-energy.com/synthesis-gas-syngas/http://www.clarke-energy.com/synthesis-gas-syngas/


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;nter!e#iate "or other co!poun#s

Methanol: Ser.es as a "uel that has a high octanerating, easily #istributable, an# its low .olatility


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Synthesis Metho#s

Carbon "ee#stoc2 is reacte# with H*+ an#5or +*to

pro#uce H*an# C+ in a process calle# Gasi%cation

4ypes o" carbon "ee#stoc2s:

=atural gas an# Hea.y +il: e1uires puri%cation o" !ethane an# higher

hy#rocarbons respecti.ely

io!ass an# Coal: e1uires pyrolysis prior to gasi%cation

Pyrolysis: #eco!position o" carbon !aterial by heatingin the absence o" o$ygen


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Gasi%cation: Stea!e"or!ing

Stea! e"or!ing: >ee#stoc2 reacts with stea! to pro#uce C+

an# H*

CH() H*9

C+ ) -H* ?H @ )*962J5!ol esults in C+:H*ratio o" :-

Highly en#other!ic reaction +perating te!perature can range "ro! A99B to

99B Heat generate# by co!busting part o" "ee# stoc2 or

e$ternal heating

Catalysts use# to enhance reaction 2inetics


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Pyrolysis E$a!ple

pyrolysis syste! "or bio!asshttp:55bio!ass!aga3ine/co!5articles59-D5!obili3ing8pyrolysis


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Stea! e"or!ing E$a!ple

Stea! re"or!ing plant: 4e$as City, 4e$as/http:55www/lin#e8

engineering/co!5en5processplants5hy#rogenan#synthesisgasplants5gasgeneration5stea!re"or!ing5in#e$/ht!l


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Gasi%cation: Partial+$i#ation

Partial +$i#ation: >ee#stoc2 reacts with o$ygen to pro#uce

C+ an# waterF generate# water reacts

with "ee#stoc2 CH() 9/+*C+ ) *H* ?H @ 8-A2J5!ol

esults in C+:H*ratio o" :*, which is

#esirable "or !ethanol synthesis E$other!ic, so re1uires less heat

generation


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+ther Gasi%cationeactions


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oo! "or i!pro.e!ent


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Stea! e"or!ing 8Challenges

Controlling ratio o" H*5C+, which canbe #ierent "or #ierent applicationsH* storage, alcohol synthesis'


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Partial +$i#ation 8Challenges

e1uires substantial +* supply

Lery high te!peratures (99C'

Generates bypro#ucts which nee# to bescrubbe# e/g/ HC='

but no catalyst is use#, so no issues

with catalyst poisoning, co2ing etc/ an#less to consi#er with pressure #rop,transport properties etc/


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>uture "or Syngas


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Conclusions

e can see that Syngas pro#uctionwhile not yet opti!i3e# is a .eryi!portant pro#uct/ ;t is .ersatile an#

has a .ariety o" uses/


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e"erences

Synthesis Gas Che!istry an# Synthetic >uels 8 Syngasche! L/n/#/'/ etrie.e# >ebruary , *9, "ro! http:55www/syngasche!/co!5syngasche!

Synthesis Gas Qin#e Engineering/ n/#/'/ etrie.e# >ebruary ,*9, "ro! http:55

www/lin#e8engineering/co!5en5processplants5hy#rogen 4he !agic o" syngas/ n/#/'/ etrie.e# >ebruary , *9, "ro!

http:55www/che!rec/se5Syngasthelin2"ro!

Mac2aluso, J/ n/#/'/ 4he use o" Syngas #eri.e# "ro! bio!ass an#waste pro#ucts to pro#uce ethanol an# hy#rogen/ Basic

Biotechnology EJournal,3, 7A89-/ etrie.e# "ro!http:55large/stan"or#/e#u5courses5*95ph*(95#e!ori*5#ocs5*-68D688P/p#"

Syngas Synthesis & Its Use

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