Type 1 Diabetes

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What is Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease. Our body has its own immune system which attacks outside invaders. With this disease, the body’s auto immune system attacks and destroys beta cells in the pancreas. These cells are the ones producing insulin. When left untreated, the amount of insulin produced will dangerously decrease and the blood sugar level becomes so high.

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What are the Symptoms?For children, weight loss but no loss in appetite and may begin to wet the bed. For adults, extreme thrist, frequent urination and even vomiting. If left untreated, this may cause weakness, confusion, coma and even death.

Kidney disease (nephropathy)

Heart and artery disease (atherosclerosis)

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Eye damage (retinopathy)

Nerve Damage (neuropathy)

Foot problems

Hypoglycemia or low blood sugar

What are the Complications?

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What is the Course of Treatment?In order to monitor the blood sugar levels several times a

day, a blood sample is needed by pricking the finger. A small drop of blood is placed on a test strip and within seconds, a reading will be returned.

Treatment requires insulin injection to make up for the insufficient insulin production of the body. Normally, it will require 2 to 4 injections per day using the traditional method – using a syringe. But there are also other methods that are being used such as semiautomatic injector pens and insulin pumps.

For a diabetic life, alongside the treatment, proper diet and exercise is also required to help the heart and blood vessels healthy. Consultation with a dietitian is often advised.

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