Symfony Documentation - files.abradabra.comfiles.abradabra.com/books/Symfony2_ru.pdf · Symfony...

Symfony Documentation

2.0

Fabien Potencier

15 January 2012

I 1

1 5

II 7

2 112.1 Symfony2 HTTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.2 Symfony2 PHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222.3 Symfony2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.4 Symfony2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 612.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 752.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 982.8 Doctrine () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1212.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1482.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1622.11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1792.12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2102.13 HTTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2472.14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2672.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2832.16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3042.17 API Symfony2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326

i

III 329

3 Cookbook 3313.1 Symfony2 git- . . . . 3313.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3343.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3363.4 HTTPS HTTP . 3373.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3383.6 Gmail . . . . . . . . 3413.7 HTTP . . 3423.8 . . . . . . . . 3423.9 . . . . . . . 3433.10 Varnish . . . . . . . . . . 3453.11 (.. ) . 3463.12 PHP Twig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3473.13 Monolog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3523.14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3563.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

IV 367

4 Reference Documents 3714.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3714.2 Twig . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3754.3 Dependency Injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376

V 387

5 Symfony SE Bundles 391

VI 393

6 3976.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3976.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4006.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403

405

ii

Symfony Documentation, 2.0

Symfony2 :

3


4

1

Symfony2:

quick_tour/the_big_picture >

quick_tour/the_view >

quick_tour/the_controller >

quick_tour/the_architecture

5


6 1.


Symfony2 :

9


10

2

2.1 Symfony2 HTTP

! Symfony2, , , - ( - ). Symfony2 , , - , , , . Symfony , : , - . , Symfony, web, , - PHP- Symfony2 ., .

Symfony2, , web-: HTTP. , .

2.1.1 HTTP

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol ) - , . ! , xkcd, () :

11
http://xkcd.com/


, , - . HTTP - , . , web, - .

Symfony2 . , HTTP - , . Symfony2 , .

1:

. - , - ( iPhone ..) , HTTP. , .

() -xkcd:

HTTP :

12 2.


GET / HTTP/1.1

Host: xkcd.com

Accept: text/html

User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh)

, . HTTP - - 2 : URI HTTP-.

URI ( /, /contact, ..) - , - . HTTP- ( GET) , . HTTP , :

GET POST PUT DELETE

HTTP-, , HTTP- :

DELETE /blog/15 HTTP/1.1

: HTTP-, HTTP, . , - PUT DELETE.

, HTTP- - , (headers). - , Host, , - (Accept) , (User-Agent). , - List of HTTP header elds.

2:

, , ( URI) - HTTP-. , GET-, HTTP-. web xkcd:

2.1. Symfony2 HTTP 13
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields


HTTP, , , - :

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Date: Sat, 02 Apr 2011 21:05:05 GMT

Server: lighttpd/1.4.19

Content-Type: text/html

HTTP- ( HTML- -), . - HTTP - ( 200). - - , . ? ? - , - , , - ( ). Listof HTTP status codes .

, HTTP- , - HTTP-. , HTTP- Content-Type. , HTML, XML JSON. Content-Type - , .

, . , .

14 2.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes


, Web-

- - , - . , .

: , , (web, , JSONAPI) , .

Symfony .

: HTTP, - HTTP 1.1 RFC HTTP Bis, . - - Firefox Live HTTP Headers.

2.1.2 PHP

PHP? PHP :


The URI requested is: /testing?foo=symfony

The value of the "foo" parameter is: symfony

2.1.3 Symfony

Symfony PHP , HTTP- - . Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request - - HTTP-. - :


$response->headers->set('Content-Type', 'text/html');

// prints the HTTP headers followed by the content$response->send();

Symfony , - - . Symfony, , , ,

: Request Response HttpFoundation. Symfony .

2.1.4

HTTP-, Request Response . - , - . , , ( ).

, , email', - , - , HTML- . ?

Symfony , , .

-

, :

index.php

contact.php

blog.php

, URL ( blog.php news.php ?),



, , .

front controller, PHP-, . :

/index.php index.php/index.php/contact index.php/index.php/blog index.php

: mod_rewrite Apache ( - web-) URL -, .. - /, /contact /blog.

, . URL PHP- - - - , - URL. , -. , WordPress.

, -. , - ? URI - , . :


Symfony

Symfony , . Symfony :

. 2.1: -, Response.

-, URL PHP-. - , controller, - , Symfony, Response. , : .

! - :

-;

, PHP- , -, ;

, - Response.

Symfony Request

, . -, /contact Symfony . -, /contact URI:



contact:

pattern: /contact

defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Main:contact }

: YAML - . - XML PHP.

- /contact, URI - . , AcmeDemoBundle:Main:contact , contactAction, MainController:


: Symfony2

Symfony2? , Symfony2 - - 20 , PHP-. , Symfony2 Components, - , . :

HttpFoundation - Request Response, - ;

Routing - , - URI ( /contact) , ( contactAction());

Form - ;

Validator - , - - , ;

ClassLoader - , PHP- - require , .

Templating - , - (, aka layout), (escaping, , ..);

Security -;

Translation - .

PHP-, Symfony2.

: Symfony2 Framework

- Symfony2 Framework? Symfony2 Framework PHP -, 2 :

1. (Symfony2 Components) ( Swiftmailer );

2. , .

https://github.com/symfony/HttpFoundationhttps://github.com/symfony/Routinghttps://github.com/symfony/Formhttps://github.com/symfony/Validatorhttps://github.com/symfony/ClassLoaderhttps://github.com/symfony/Templatinghttps://github.com/symfony/Securityhttps://github.com/symfony/Translation


- . Symfony Bundle (), .

Symfony2 web-, . - , Symfony2, . ... ! )

2.2 Symfony2 PHP

Symfony2 , PHP , ?

PHP-, - Model-View-Controller ( MVC) Symfony2, ! , Symfony2 , - PHP, .

, PHP . , - web- PHP .

, , Symfony2 .

2.2.1 PHP

- , PHP. , , , . PHP :

22 2.


List of Posts

List of Posts


, HTML - - :

, , - index.php - . controller - , ,

24 2.


. , , - .

, , . , , ( list.json.php JSON-).

()

. , , ? , - model.php:


: model.php - . - ( ). , , ( ).

(index.php) :

(templates/list.php) , - :

List of Posts

26 2.


, -layout. , , PHP- (ob_start(), ob_get_clean()) .Symfony2 Templating, . - .

2.2.2 show

list , - . , - , show, - - id.

, model.php, id:

, , show.php - :

2.2. Symfony2 PHP 27


, - . , , . , id . , 404, . - id mysql_real_escape_string() - SQL-.

, - model.php. - (, )? , - . - , , ...

2.2.3 Front Controller

front controller : - PHP-, . frontcontroller ( -) URI , :

-

/index.php => ( index.php)

/show.php => ( show.php)

index.php -

/index.php => ( index.php)

/index.php/show => ( index.php)

: URI, index.php, , - rewrite rules - Apache ( -). URI /show.

-, PHP (index.php ) . /index.php/show -

28 2.


index.php, , URI. - - .

-

! -. , , , , , , -, . index.php , , - URI :


require 'templates/show.php';

}

- index.php , - , ( list_action() show_action()). , - , , , Symfony2.

: - - URL. , URL , , - /show /read, . . Symfony2 URL .

, PHP- , . , . , - , list (/index.php) / ( Apache rewrite rules). , , (-, , , ..). , , , - . ?

Symfony2

Symfony2 . , Symfony2, PHP Symfony2. , Symfony. - , - PHP-, .

-, symfony vendor/symfony/. , app/bootstrap.php. (require) :


$loader->registerNamespaces(array(

'Symfony' => __DIR__.'/vendor/symfony/src',

));

$loader->register();

, Symfony. Symfony, require , - .

Symfony , - - . Symfony2 : Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response. - HTTP-, HTTP-, . :


use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

function list_action()

{

$posts = get_all_posts();

$html = render_template('templates/list.php', array('posts' => $posts));

return new Response($html);

}

function show_action($id)

{

$post = get_post_by_id($id);

$html = render_template('templates/show.php', array('post' => $post));

return new Response($html);

}

// - function render_template($path, array $args)

{

extract($args);

ob_start();

require $path;

$html = ob_get_clean();

return $html;

}

Symfony2, -. Request . , getPathInfo() URI ( /show /index.php/show). , - /index.php/show, show_action().

Response HTTP-, - HTTP -. , , .

Symfony2

, . , - , ob_start() ob_get_clean() ., - , -

32 2.


, Symfony - Routing Templating, .

, Symfony2 . , Symfony2:

2.2. Symfony2 PHP 33
https://github.com/symfony/Routinghttps://github.com/symfony/Templating


List of Posts

: show -, list.

Symfony2 ( Kernel - ) , - , - , . - :

# app/config/routing.ymlblog_list:

pattern: /blog

defaults: { _controller: AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:list }

blog_show:

pattern: /blog/show/{id}

defaults: { _controller: AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:show }

, Symfony2 , - . , ( Symfony2, !):

34 2.


! Symfony2Bundles.org

2.2.4

Symfony2, Twig, - . , ! , , , Twig:

{# src/Acme/BlogBundle/Resources/views/Blog/list.html.twig #}

{% extends "::layout.html.twig" %}{% block title %} List of Posts{% endblock %}

{% block body %}List of Posts

{% for post in posts %}

{{ post.title }}

{% endfor %}

{% endblock %}

layout.html.twig :

{# app/Resources/views/layout.html.twig #}

{% block title %} Default title{% endblock %}

{% block body %} {% endblock %}

Twig Symfony2. , PHP Symfony2, Twig. Twig .

36 2.
http://symfony2bundles.orghttp://twig.sensiolabs.org


2.2.5 Cookbook

PHP Twig

2.3 Symfony2

, Symfony. , Symfony , - , .

: , .

2.3.1 Symfony2

: , , Web-(, Apache) PHP 5.3.2 . - Symfony2 .

Symfony2 , Symfony2, (Bundles), - . Symfony2, , - .

Symfony2 http://symfony.com/download. Symfony Standard Edition, . 2 :

.tgz .zip - , -.

, - (with/without vendors). Git, Symfony2 without vendors, /.

2.3. Symfony2 37
http://symfony.com/downloadhttp://git-scm.com/


root- web- - . UNIX ( ### ):

# for .tgz filetar zxvf Symfony_Standard_Vendors_2.0.###.tgz

# for a .zip fileunzip Symfony_Standard_Vendors_2.0.###.zip

, Symfony/, :

www/


Symfony2 -, , PHP Symfony. URL :

http://localhost/Symfony/web/config.php

- - , - .

2.3. Symfony2 39


, app/cache app/logs -, -, . UNIX-, , - - , , , . www-data - yourname - :1. ACL , chmod +a chmod +a. - , - :

rm -rf app/cache/*

rm -rf app/logs/*

sudo chmod +a "www-data allow delete,write,append,file_inherit,directory_inherit" app/cache app/logs

sudo chmod +a "yourname allow delete,write,append,file_inherit,directory_inherit" app/cache app/logs

2. Acl , chmod +a chmod +a, ,setfacl. , ACL - setfacl ( ,, Ubuntu):

sudo setfacl -R -m u:www-data:rwx -m u:yourname:rwx app/cache app/logs

sudo setfacl -dR -m u:www-data:rwx -m u:yourname:rwx app/cache app/logs

3. ACL ACL , umask , cache log (world-writable) - - . - app/console, web/app.php web/app_dev.php:

umask(0002); // 0775

//

umask(0000); // 0777

, ACL , , umask thread-safe.

, Go to theWelcome page Symfony2:

40 2.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions#ACLs


http://localhost/Symfony/web/app_dev.php/

Symfony2 !!

2.3.2

, Symfony2 , -. - README.rst ( ) , .

Symfony, Symfony2 , , , - .

2.3.3

Git Subversion, .Symfony Standard - .

, git, : Symfony2 git-.

2.3. Symfony2 41


vendor/

vendor/ . Git , .gitignore :

vendor/

vendor . (-!), - php bin/vendors install .

2.4 Symfony2

Symfony2 , 2 :

: URL ( /about) , (PHP ), Symfony2 -, URL ;

: PHP , - Response, .

, , Web. - Web HTTP . - .

Symfony2 , .

? !

2.4.1 Hello Symfony!

Hello World!. , , ( Hello Symfony), URL:

http://localhost/app_dev.php/hello/Symfony

Symfony . .

42 2.


: , Symfony2 - -. URL, , , localhost web- Symfony2 . , , . - Symfony2 .

: (bundle)

, (bundle). Symfony2 - plugin, , .

, , - - , PHP-, Javascript (. ).

AcmeHelloBundle (-, ), - , ( -):

php app/console generate:bundle --namespace=Acme/HelloBundle --format=yml

: src/Acme/HelloBundle. app/AppKernel.php - , :


1:

, Symfony2, app/config/routing.yml. , Symfony2, XML PHP .

, , Symfony AcmeHelloBundle:

YAML

# app/config/routing.ymlAcmeHelloBundle:

resource: "@AcmeHelloBundle/Resources/config/routing.yml"

prefix: /

XML

PHP


app/config/routing.yml - .

, routing.yml , , URL , :

YAML

# src/Acme/HelloBundle/Resources/config/routing.ymlhello:

pattern: /hello/{name}

defaults: { _controller: AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index }

XML

AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index

PHP


: URL . - .

2:

URI /hello/Ryan , hello AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index. .

AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index - - indexAction PHP-, Acme\HelloBundle\Controller\Hello. - AcmeHelloBundle:


}

}

: Response, , ( HTML-, ).

! , ! , :

http://localhost/app_dev.php/hello/Ryan

: (prod) -, URL:

http://localhost/app.php/hello/Ryan

, , :

php app/console cache:clear --env=prod --no-debug

(, , ) .

: . .

3:

(HTML , ) - . , :

1


9 {

10 public function indexAction($name)

11 {

12 return $this->render('AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index.html.twig', array('name' => $name));

13

14 // render a PHP template instead15 // return $this->render('AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index.html.php', array('name' => $name));16 }

17 }

: , render(), - Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\Controller (APIdocs: Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\Controller), . use 6, , Controller 8.

render() Response, (-) . , , , Response.

, .Symfony2 , 2 : PHP- , Twig. , , .

AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index.html.twig, :

BundleName:ControllerName:TemplateName

, , , - :

///BundleName/Resources/views/ControllerName/TemplateName

AcmeHelloBundle - , Hello - index.html.twig - :

Twig

1 {# src/Acme/HelloBundle/Resources/views/Hello/index.html.twig #}2 {% extends '::base.html.twig' %}3

4 {% block body %}5 Hello {{ name }} !6 {% endblock %}

48 2.
http://twig.sensiolabs.org


PHP

Hello !

Twig:

2 : extends . , (layout) .

4 : block , body. , (base.html.twig) body.

, ::base.html.twig, , ( (::)). , app:

Twig

{# app/Resources/views/base.html.twig #}

{% block title %} Welcome!{% endblock %} {% block stylesheets %} {% endblock %}

{% block body %} {% endblock %}{% block javascripts %} {% endblock %}

PHP


HTML- body, index.html.twig. title - , - Welcome!.

. HTML , CSS- .

, - . , - Response. , , - Response.

2.4.2

Symfony2. , Symfony2. , . , !

Symfony (application), , ( ) :

app/: ;

src/: PHP ;

vendor/: ;

web/: , web- ;

Web

Web- - , , JavaScript . - (front controller):


require_once __DIR__.'/../app/bootstrap.php.cache';

require_once __DIR__.'/../app/AppKernel.php';

use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;

$kernel = new AppKernel('prod', false);

$kernel->loadClassCache();

$kernel->handle(Request::createFromGlobals())->send();

- ( app.php)- PHP , -, Symfony2 - Kernel-(AppKernel), .

: - - URL, , PHP-. -, URL :


- app.php : URL /hello/Ryan - . - mod_rewrite Apache ( URL) app.php, URL:

http://localhost/hello/Ryan

- , . , ().

(app)

-, AppKernel - . , app/.

, , Symfony . - , .

registerBundles(): , (. );

registerContainerConfiguration(): (. ).

2.4. Symfony2 51


app/ , - app/config/(. ). app/ (app/cache), - (app/logs) (app/Resources). .

: app/autoload.php. src/ vendor/. , include require. , Symfony2 , , . , src/. , - :

Class Name:

Acme\HelloBundle\Controller\HelloController

Path:

src/Acme/HelloBundle/Controller/HelloController.php

, , app/autoload.php - - vendor/. , .

(src)

, src/ (PHP-,, , ..). , , .

(bundle)?

2.4.3

- , . , Symfony2, . Symfony2. - , symfony2bundles.org.

52 2.
http://symfony2bundles.org/


. , .

: , .

, . BlogBundle ForumBundle ( - ). , PHP , , , , - . .

, registerBundles() - AppKernel:


: , , (app/autoload.php) , -.

Symfony Standard Edition . -, .

, , , - AcmeTestBundle .

: Acme - , - , (ABCTestBundle ABC).

, src/Acme/TestBundle/ AcmeTestBundle.php:


public function registerBundles()

{

$bundles = array(

// ...

// register your bundlesnew Acme\TestBundle\AcmeTestBundle(),

);

// ...

return $bundles;

}

, , AcmeTestBundle .

Symfony :

php app/console generate:bundle --namespace=Acme/TestBundle

, , - . .

: , , -, registerBundles(). generate:bundle - .

. , - , Symfony2. AcmeHelloBundle, :

Controller/ ( HelloController.php);

Resources/config/ , ( routing.yml);

Resources/views/ , (Hello/index.html.twig);

Resources/public/ (, . . . ), web/ assets:install;

Tests/ .

2.4. Symfony2 55


, , . , .

, , , , . .

2.4.4

, . -, YAML, XML PHP. , app/config/ config.yml, config.xml config.php, :

YAML

# app/config/config.yml

imports:

- { resource: parameters.yml }

- { resource: security.yml }

framework:

secret: %secret%

charset: UTF-8

router: { resource: "%kernel.root_dir%/config/routing.yml" }

form: true

csrf_protection: true

validation: { enable_annotations: true }

templating: { engines: ['twig'] } #assets_version: SomeVersionScheme

session:

default_locale: %locale%

auto_start: true

# Twig Configuration

twig:

debug: %kernel.debug%

strict_variables: %kernel.debug%

# ...

XML

56 2.


PHP


// ...

: , / - - .

, framework twig, - . , framework SymfonyFrameworkBundle , - .

. . .

(YAML, XML and PHP). -. :

YAML: , ; XML: , YAML, IDE XML;

PHP : , , - .

2.4.5

. - PHP ( -), . , dev -, prod . dev , prod . , .

Symfony2 (dev, test prod), . - - . - dev , app_dev.php:

http://localhost/app_dev.php/hello/Ryan

, , - prod:

58 2.



prod , , - Twig PHP . , :

php app/console cache:clear --env=prod --no-debug

: web/app.php, , prod :

$kernel = new AppKernel('prod', false);

- prod .

: (test) . .

AppKernel :


framework:

router: { resource: "%kernel.root_dir%/config/routing_dev.yml" }

profiler: { only_exceptions: false }

# ...

XML

PHP


2.4.6

! Symfony2 , - . , , :

, , () ;

4 : web/ ( -), app/ (), src/ ( ), vendor/ (- ) ( bin/ );

Symfony2 ( ) , , ;

app/config YAML, XML PHP;

- (app.php app_dev.php) ;

, . Symfony2, .

2.5

- PHP-, , HTTP HTTP Response. - HTML , XML-, JSON-, -, , 404, , . , , .

, , Symfony2 . , - Hello world!:


return new Response('Hello world!');

}

: Response. , , , email . , , Response, .

, ! :

A Response, - .

B slug , Response, . slug , Response - 404 ( ).

C . - , . , Response, thank you.

2.5.1 --

, Symfony2, - . , , :

1. - ( app.php app_dev.php), ;

2. Router (URI ), - _controller ;

3. , , - Response;

4. HTTP- Response , - .

- (#3) , URL (#2).

: - - , -

62 2.


. - - PHP-, web- . - (prod, app.php) (dev, app_dev.php). - - .

2.5.2

PHP-, (, , (Closure)), Symfony2 - . (actions).

1


line 10 : Action - (index). , URI . - {name} - ($name).

line 12 : Response.

2.5.3 URL

HTML-. , , - URL :

YAML

# app/config/routing.ymlhello:



XML


PHP

// app/config/routing.php$collection->add('hello', new Route('/hello/{name}', array(

'_controller' => 'AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index',

)));

URI /hello/ryan HelloController::indexAction() $name ryan. .

, -: AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index. Symfony2 . - Symfony2 HelloController AcmeHelloBundle. indexAction().

, : .

64 2.


: - app/config/. , - , . - : .

: .

, _controller AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index HelloController::indexAction(), AcmeHelloBundle. , :



green

PHP


2.5.4

Symfony2 Controller, - , . - Controller -.

use HelloController, Controller:


2.5.5 ,

, , - . , ,, , Symfony2 - .

(redirecting)

, redirect():


, (forwarding)

, forward(). , - , . forward() Response, -, :


$response = $httpKernel->forward('AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:fancy', array(

'name' => $name,

'color' => 'green',

));

, () , HTML ( ) . renderView() . Response:


$router = $this->get('router');

$mailer = $this->get('mailer');

Symfony2 - . , container:debug:

php app/console container:debug

Service container .

2.5.6 404

- , - 404. , . - , :


-) . , Symfony2 (cookie), PHP.

-:

$session = $this->getRequest()->getSession();

// store an attribute for reuse during a later user request$session->set('foo', 'bar');

// in another controller for another request$foo = $session->get('foo');

// set the user locale$session->setLocale('fr');

, .

Flash-

, - . : . ash-.

, , :


.

- notice:

Twig

{% if app.session.hasFlash('notice') %}

{{ app.session.flash('notice') }}

{% endif %}

PHP

, ash- . , .

2.5.8

- Response. Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response PHP-HTTP- - , HTTP- , - :

// Response - 200 ( )$response = new Response('Hello '.$name, 200);

// JSON- - 2000$response = new Response(json_encode(array('name' => $name)));

$response->headers->set('Content-Type', 'application/json');

: headers - Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\HeaderBag, - Response. , Content-Type, content-type content_type -.

74 2.


2.5.9

, Request, Controller:

$request = $this->getRequest();

$request->isXmlHttpRequest(); // is it an Ajax request?

$request->getPreferredLanguage(array('en', 'fr'));

$request->query->get('page'); // get a $_GET parameter

$request->request->get('page'); // get a $_POST parameter

Response, HeaderBag .

2.5.10

, , . Symfony , - PHP-, Response, .

, , Controller, , ., HTML - render() .

, , .

2.5.11 :

2.6

URL. , URL

2.6. 75


index.php?article_id=57 /read/intro-to-symfony.

- , . , URL /blog /news? - ? Symfony, .

Symfony2 URL, - . :

, ;

URL ;

( -);

.

2.6.1

URL ., , URL /blog/my-post /blog/all-about-symfony , . - :

YAML

# app/config/routing.ymlblog_show:

pattern: /blog/{slug}


XML

AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:show

PHP

76 2.


2.6.2 ;

, , . URL ( URI) : /contact, /blog/read-me - . HTTP- :

GET /blog/my-blog-post

Symfony2 - URL , . :

1. - Symfony2 ( app.php);

2. Symfony2 (Kernel), ;

3. URL , , ;

4. Symfony2 , - Response.

. 2.2: - , URL , .

2.6.3

Symfony , , . , app/config/routing.yml, ( XML PHP) :

78 2.


YAML

# app/config/config.ymlframework:

# ...router: { resource: "%kernel.root_dir%/config/routing.yml" }

XML

PHP

2.6. 79


AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage

PHP


80 2.


PHP

AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:index

PHP

2.6. 81



PHP


{slug}, {page} . , , .

-! , - /blog. , , URL /blog/1! , {page} . - , defaults:

YAML

blog:

pattern: /blog/{page}

defaults: { _controller: AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:index, page: 1 }

XML


1

PHP


/blog {page} = 1/blog/1 {page} = 1/blog/2 {page} = 2

, :

YAML

blog:



blog_show:

pattern: /blog/{slug}


XML


1


PHP


$collection->add('blog_show', new Route('/blog/{show}', array(

'_controller' => 'AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:show',

)));

return $collection;

? , - URL /blog/*. Symfony , . , blog_show -. URL /blog/my-blog-post - (blog) {page} my-blog-post.

URL route parameters/blog/2 blog {page} = 2/blog/my-blog-post blog {page} = my-blog-post

. , /blog/{page} URL , {page} . , . :

YAML

blog:



requirements:

page: \d+

XML


1

\d+

PHP


use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;

$collection = new RouteCollection();

$collection->add('blog', new Route('/blog/{page}', array(

'_controller' => 'AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:index',

'page' => 1,

), array(

'page' => '\d+',

)));

return $collection;

\d+ - , , {page} . blog - URL /blog/2 ( 2 ), - URL /blog/my-blog-post ( my-blog-post ).

URL /blog/my-blog-post blog_show.

URL route parameters/blog/2 blog {page} = 2/blog/my-blog-post blog_show {slug} = my-blog-post

, ? blog_show blog, URL /blog/2 - blog_show blog {slug} . .

- , - . , - , URL:

YAML

homepage:

pattern: /{culture}

defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage, culture: en }

requirements:

culture: en|fr

XML


xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">

AcmeDemoBundle:Main:homepage

en

en|fr

PHP


requirements:

_method: GET

contact_process:

pattern: /contact

defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Main:contactProcess }

requirements:

_method: POST

XML

AcmeDemoBundle:Main:contact

GET

AcmeDemoBundle:Main:contactProcess

POST

PHP


, (/contact), GET-, , , POST-. , , URL .

: _method , - .

, _method - . , GET POST , GET|POST.

, , Symfony. , :

YAML

article_show:

pattern: /articles/{culture}/{year}/{title}.{_format}

defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Article:show, _format: html }

requirements:

culture: en|fr

_format: html|rss

year: \d+

XML

AcmeDemoBundle:Article:show

html

en|fr

html|rss

\d+

2.6. 89


PHP


_controller: , , , URL;

_format: (. _format);

_locale: , (. URL);

2.6.4

_controller, , , URL. , , Symfony PHP . , :

::

, _controller AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:show, - :

Bundle Controller Class Method NameAcmeBlogBundle BlogController showAction

:


: , Symfony . - ( service_name:indexAction) , (. ).

2.6.5

( {slug}) , -:


2.6.6

, app/config/routing.yml (. ). , . :

YAML

# app/config/routing.ymlacme_hello:

resource: "@AcmeHelloBundle/Resources/config/routing.yml"

XML

PHP


# src/Acme/HelloBundle/Resources/config/routing.ymlacme_hello:



XML


PHP


XML

PHP


php app/console router:debug article_show

2.6.8 URL

URL. , - : URL (+ ), - (+ -) URL. :method:`Symfony\\Component\\Routing\\Router::match` :method:`Symfony\\Component\\Routing\\Router::generate` . blog_show, :


URL

, URL ( /blog). , URL, true generate():


Twig

Read this blog post.

PHP


Welcome to Symfony!


: -: {# #}. PHP- /* comment */.

Twig , -. title :

{{ title | upper }}

Twig (tags) (lters). Twig, .

: Twig : twig.extension.

, Twig , - . , for cycle , div css- odd even:

{% for i in 0..10 %}

{% endfor %}

, Twig-, PHP.

100 2.
http://twig.sensiolabs.org/doc/tags/index.htmlhttp://twig.sensiolabs.org/doc/templates.html#filtershttp://twig.sensiolabs.org/doc/advanced.html


Twig?

Twig PHP . -: Twig , . Twig, . - .Twig , PHP, (Twig- PHP-, ), , ( ), . Twig , - . , if:

{% for user in users %}{{ user.username }}

{% else %}No users found

{% endfor %}

Twig

Twig . Twig- PHP-, . - app/cache/{environment}/twig ( {environment} - , dev prod) . .

debug ( , dev ), Twig - , -. , .

debug ( , prod ), Twig . .

2.7.2 Layout

, (header), (footer), .. Symfony2

2.7. 101


: . - PHP: - .. layout, -, ( PHP- ). (- PHP- ).

(layout):

Twig

{# app/Resources/views/base.html.twig #}

{% block title %} Test Application{% endblock %}

{% block sidebar %}

Home

Blog

{% endblock %}

{% block body %} {% endblock %}

PHP


Home

Blog

: Twig, PHP .

HTML- . {% block %} ( title,sidebar body). , . . title, sidebar body .

:

Twig

{# src/Acme/BlogBundle/Resources/views/Blog/index.html.twig #}{% extends '::base.html.twig' %}

{% block title %} My cool blog posts{% endblock %}

{% block body %}{% for entry in blog_entries %}

{{ entry.title }}

{{ entry.body }}

{% endfor %}{% endblock %}

PHP

2.7. 103


: - ( ::base.html.twig), , app/Resources/views. .

{% extends %}. , , . - , , title body . blog_entries, :

My cool blog posts

Home

Blog

My first post

The body of the first post.

Another post

The body of the second post.

, sidebar, - . {% block %} - .

104 2.


, . - , , Symfony2 .

, -:

{% extends %} , .

{% block %} , . , , - , . , layout.

, , {% block %} . , (. ).

, - {{ parent() }}. , -, , .

{% block sidebar %}Table of Contents

...

{{ parent() }}{% endblock %}

2.7.3

, :

app/Resources/views/: views , ( layout ), , - (. );

///Resources/views/: Resources/views ( ). .

Symfony2 bundle:controller:template . - , :

2.7. 105


AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:index.html.twig: . , (:) :

AcmeBlogBundle: (), AcmeBlogBundle( src/Acme/BlogBundle);

Blog: (), , - Blog Resources/views;

index.html.twig: (), - index.html.twig.

AcmeBlogBundle src/Acme/BlogBundle, :src/Acme/BlogBundle/Resources/views/Blog/index.html.twig.

AcmeBlogBundle::layout.html.twig: , - AcmeBlogBundle. , Resources/views/layout.html.twig AcmeBlogBundle.

::base.html.twig: -(layout) . , (::), : app/Resources/views/.

, -, , AcmeBlogBundle, app/Resources/AcmeBlogBundle/views/. .

: - (. ).

bundle:controller:template . , .

AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:index.html.twig - HTML , - Twig;

AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:index.html.php - HTML , - PHP;

AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:index.css.twig - CSS , - Twig.

, Symfony2 Twig PHP (.twig .php) ,

106 2.


. (.html, .css ..) - , . -, Symfony2 , , HTML (index.html.twig), XML (index.xml.twig) , . .

: - . -

2.7.4

: : - (helper) .

, - . . , , - , .

Symfony2 Twig, - . PHP - , .

Twig ({% block %} & {% extends %}), PHP- ($view['slots']). .

. , -, , , , , .

PHP-, . . , - , , . , :

2.7. 107


Twig

{# src/Acme/ArticleBundle/Resources/views/Article/articleDetails.html.twig #}{{ article.title }} by {{ article.authorName }}

{{ article.body }}

PHP

by

:

Twig

{# src/Acme/ArticleBundle/Resources/Article/list.html.twig #}{% extends 'AcmeArticleBundle::layout.html.twig' %}

{% block body %}Recent Articles

{% for article in articles %}{% include 'AcmeArticleBundle:Article:articleDetails.html.twig' with {'article': article} %}


PHP

Recent Articles

{% include %}. -

108 2.


, . articleDetails.html.twig article. list.html.twig with.

: {'article': article} - ( ) Twig. - : {'foo': foo, 'bar': bar}.

, , - . , , . , .

- . -, , :


, , , , - . - .

- - . , URL , Twig- path ( PHP - router) URL, - . , URL , . - URL.

110 2.


_welcome, :

YAML

_welcome:

pattern: /

defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Welcome:index }

XML

AcmeDemoBundle:Welcome:index

PHP


PHP


{% block stylesheets %}

{% endblock %}

{# ... #}

{% block javascripts %}

{% endblock %}

! , ? , contact.css . contact :

{# src/Acme/DemoBundle/Resources/views/Contact/contact.html.twig #}{# extends '::base.html.twig' #}

{% block stylesheets %}{{ parent() }}

{% endblock %}

{# ... #}

stylesheets . , , , parent() , .

, Resources/public . php app/consoleassets:install target [--symlink], ( - ) (target web.

, main.css, contact.css

114 2.


2.7.6

Symfony2 (Engine). - , ., , -:


: Twig - ( ).

2.7.7

Symfony2 , - (. Symfony2Bundles.org) . , - .

, AcmeBlogBundle. , -, , - list , . Blog AcmeBlogBundle, :


, , Symfony2 app/Resources/{BUNDLE_NAME}/views/. , Resources/views . , - app/Resources.

Symfony2 , . , TwigBundle - , , - Resources/views/Exception TwigBundle app/Resources/TwigBundle/views/Exception.

2.7.8

- . - , -:

app/Resources/views/base.html.twig, - ( ). - ::base.html.twig;

. AcmeBlogBundle - AcmeBlogBundle::layout.html.twig, ;

{# src/Acme/BlogBundle/Resources/views/layout.html.twig #}{% extends '::base.html.twig' %}

{% block body %}Blog Application

{% block content %} {% endblock %}{% endblock %}

- (). , index - AcmeBlogBundle:Blog:index.html.twig :

{# src/Acme/BlogBundle/Resources/views/Blog/index.html.twig #}{% extends 'AcmeBlogBundle::layout.html.twig' %}

{% block content %}{% for entry in blog_entries %}

2.7. 117


{{ entry.title }}

{{ entry.body }}


, AcmeBlogBundle::layout.html.twig, , , - (::base.html.twig). .

- - ({% extends '::base.html.twig' %}). - , .

2.7.9

HTML , , HTML- . - HTML Cross Site Scripting (XSS) . :

Twig

Hello {{ name }}

PHP

Hello

, :

alert('hello!')

, :

Hello alert('hello!')

() JavaScript alert.

, , .

(output escaping). , :

118 2.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting


Hello alert('helloe')

Twig PHP . - Twig, . PHP - .

Twig

Twig, . -, . , , HTML.

, , HTML-, - . , - , HTML-. Twig . raw: {{ article.body | raw }}.

-. Twig: Output Escaping.

PHP

PHP . , - - . escape():

Hello

, escape() , HTML - ( HTML). . , - JavaScript js:

var myMsg = 'Hello ';

2.7.10

- . - HTML , JavaScript, CSS, XML .

2.7. 119
http://twig.sensiolabs.org


, . - XML , :

XML template name: AcmeArticleBundle:Article:index.xml.twig

XML template lename: index.xml.twig

- - .

. :


. , , - - , . Response, , :


2.8.1 : Product

Doctrine - . , Product (), .

AcmeStoreBundle:

php app/console generate:bundle --namespace=Acme/StoreBundle

, - . app/config/parameters.yml:

#app/config/parameters.ymlparameters:

database_driver: pdo_mysql

database_host: localhost

database_name: test_project

database_user: root

database_password: password

: parameters.yml . , Doctrine:

doctrine:

dbal:

driver: %database_driver%

host: %database_host%

dbname: %database_name%

user: %database_user%

password: %database_password%

, - . - ( ) -, Apache. /cookbook/configuration/external_parameters.

122 2.


, Doctrine , :

php app/console doctrine:database:create

, , . - Doctrine , Product . Entity () AcmeStoreBundle:

// src/Acme/StoreBundle/Entity/Product.phpnamespace Acme\StoreBundle\Entity;

class Product

{

protected $name;

protected $price;

protected $description;

}

- , , - . - PHP.

: , Doctrine, -:

php app/console doctrine:generate:entity --entity="AcmeStoreBundle:Product" --fields="name:string(255) price:float description:text"

Doctrine , . ,Doctrine . PHP PHP :

2.8. Doctrine () 123


Doctrine , -, Product . , YAML, XML Product :

: Bundle ., YAML - - PHP.

Annotations

// src/Acme/StoreBundle/Entity/Product.php

namespace Acme\StoreBundle\Entity;

use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;

/**

* @ORM\Entity

* @ORM\Table(name="product")

*/

class Product

{

/**

* @ORM\Id

* @ORM\Column(type="integer")

* @ORM\GeneratedValue(strategy="AUTO")

*/

protected $id;

/**

* @ORM\Column(type="string", length=100)

*/

protected $name;

124 2.


/**

* @ORM\Column(type="decimal", scale=2)

*/

protected $price;

/**

* @ORM\Column(type="text")

*/

protected $description;

}

YAML

# src/Acme/StoreBundle/Resources/config/doctrine/Product.orm.ymlAcme\StoreBundle\Entity\Product:

type: entity

table: product

id:

id:

type: integer

generator: { strategy: AUTO }

fields:

name:

type: string

length: 100

price:

type: decimal

scale: 2

description:

type: text

XML



: , -, -.

Doctrine , - . - Doctrine.

.:

Doctrine- Basic Mapping Documentation . , - , ORM\ (, ORM\Column(..)), - Doctrine. use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;, ORM .

: - SQL ( group user). , Group, , , group, SQL . - SQL .

: (-, Doxygen), , @IgnoreAnnotation, Symfony .

, @fn , :

/*** @IgnoreAnnotation("fn")**/class Product

, Doctrine Product , . Product PHP , (, getName(), setName()) - (. . protected). , Doctrine :

126 2.
http://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/basic-mapping.htmlhttp://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/basic-mapping.html#quoting-reserved-wordshttp://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/basic-mapping.html#quoting-reserved-words


php app/console doctrine:generate:entities Acme/StoreBundle/Entity/Product

Product. - : , (. . ).

: doctrine:generate:entities Product.php Product.php~. , Cannot redeclare class. .

(, PHP - Doctrine) :

php app/console doctrine:generate:entities AcmeStoreBundle

php app/console doctrine:generate:entities Acme

: Doctrine protected private, . - PHP.

/

Product , Doctrine . , product . , Doctrine , . , :

php app/console doctrine:schema:update --force

: . ( ) , , SQL , , . , Product , alter table, product.

, - SQL , .



product , - .

, Product product, . . DefaultController :

1 // src/Acme/StoreBundle/Controller/DefaultController.php2 use Acme\StoreBundle\Entity\Product;

3 use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

4 // ...5

6 public function createAction()

7 {

8 $product = new Product();

9 $product->setName('A Foo Bar');

10 $product->setPrice('19.99');

11 $product->setDescription('Lorem ipsum dolor');

12

13 $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getEntityManager();

14 $em->persist($product);

15 $em->flush();

16

17 return new Response('Created product id '.$product->getId());

18 }

: , , - , .

:

8-11 , $product - PHP ;

13 Doctrine- entity manager, - ;

14 persist() Doctrine $product. ().

15 flush(), Doctrine , , , .

128 2.


$product , entity manager INSERT product.

: , . . Doctrine , - flush(), . , 100 Product flush(), Doctrine - . Unit of Work .

. Doctrine UPDATE .

: Doctrine , - (. . xture data). /bundles/DoctrineFixturesBundle/index.

. , - , Product, id:

public function showAction($id)

{

$product = $this->getDoctrine()

->getRepository('AcmeStoreBundle:Product')

->find($id);

if (!$product) {

throw $this->createNotFoundException('No product found for id '.$id);

}

// -, $product }

, . PHP , . - - - :

$repository = $this->getDoctrine()

->getRepository('AcmeStoreBundle:Product');



: AcmeStoreBundle:Product - , - Doctrine (,Acme\StoreBundle\Entity\Product). Entity .

, :

// ( "id")$product = $repository->find($id);

// , $product = $repository->findOneById($id);

$product = $repository->findOneByName('foo');

// ** $products = $repository->findAll();

// , $products = $repository->findByPrice(19.99);

: , , - .

findBy findOneBy , :

// , $product = $repository->findOneBy(array('name' => 'foo', 'price' => 19.99));

// , $product = $repository->findBy(

array('name' => 'foo'),

array('price' => 'ASC')

);

: , - web debug.

130 2.


, , , .

Doctrine, . , , id :

public function updateAction($id)

{

$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getEntityManager();

$product = $em->getRepository('AcmeStoreBundle:Product')->find($id);

if (!$product) {

throw $this->createNotFoundException('No product found for id '.$id);

}

$product->setName('New product name!');

$em->flush();

return $this->redirect($this->generateUrl('homepage'));

}

:

1. Doctrine;

2. ;

3. flush() entity manager

, $em->persist($product) . , Doctrine $product. , . . $product Doctrine, .



, remove() entity manager:

$em->remove($product);

$em->flush();

, remove() Doctrine , . , DELETE , flush() .

2.8.2

- - :

$repository->find($id);

$repository->findOneByName('Foo');

, Doctrine , DoctrineQuery Language (DQL). DQL SQL , - - (,Product) (, product).

Doctrine : Doctrine - Doctrine- Query Builder.

DQL

, , 19.99 . :


$query = $em->createQuery(

'SELECT p FROM AcmeStoreBundle:Product p WHERE p.price > :price ORDER BY p.price ASC'

)->setParameter('price', '19.99');

$products = $query->getResult();

SQL, DQL . , , . , AcmeStoreBundle:Product p.

132 2.


getResult() . getSingleResult():

$product = $query->getSingleResult();

: getSingleResult() - Doctrine\ORM\NoResultException Doctrine\ORM\NonUniqueResultException . , try-catch , ( -, ):

$query = $em->createQuery('SELECT ....')

->setMaxResults(1);

try {

$product = $query->getSingleResult();

} catch (\Doctrine\Orm\NoResultException $e) {

$product = null;

}

// ...

DQL , - ( ), . . - Doctrine Doctrine Query Language.

setParameter(). Doctrine, placeholders, - :

... WHERE p.price > :price ...

price placeholder setParameter():

->setParameter('price', '19.99')

SQL -. , setParameters():

->setParameters(array(

'price' => '19.99',

'name' => 'Foo',

))

http://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/dql-doctrine-query-language.html


Doctrine's Query Builder ( Doctrine)

, DoctrineQueryBuilder , - . IDE, - - . -:

$repository = $this->getDoctrine()

->getRepository('AcmeStoreBundle:Product');

$query = $repository->createQueryBuilder('p')

->where('p.price > :price')

->setParameter('price', '19.99')

->orderBy('p.price', 'ASC')

->getQuery();

$products = $query->getResult();

QueryBuilder . getQuery(), Query, - , .

Doctrine's Query Builder, - Query Builder.

Custom Repository Classes

. , , custom repository class .

.

Annotations

// src/Acme/StoreBundle/Entity/Product.php

namespace Acme\StoreBundle\Entity;

use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;

/**

* @ORM\Entity(repositoryClass="Acme\StoreBundle\Repository\ProductRepository")

*/

class Product

{

134 2.
http://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/query-builder.html


//...

}

YAML


type: entity

repositoryClass: Acme\StoreBundle\Repository\ProductRepository

# ...

XML

Doctrine , getter setter :


- findAllOrderedByName() - - . Product, .

// src/Acme/StoreBundle/Repository/ProductRepository.phpnamespace Acme\StoreBundle\Repository;

use Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository;

class ProductRepository extends EntityRepository

{

public function findAllOrderedByName()

{

return $this->getEntityManager()

->createQuery('SELECT p FROM AcmeStoreBundle:Product p ORDER BY p.name ASC')

->getResult();

}

}

: $this->getEntityManager() -



.

:


$products = $em->getRepository('AcmeStoreBundle:Product')

->findAllOrderedByName();

: custom repository class, find() findAll().

2.8.3 /

. , Category Product. Category. - Doctrine, Doctrine .

php app/console doctrine:generate:entity --entity="AcmeStoreBundle:Category" --fields="name:string(255)"

Category id, name getter setter.

Category Product, products Category:

// src/Acme/StoreBundle/Entity/Category.php// ...use Doctrine\Common\Collections\ArrayCollection;

class Category

{

// ...

/*** @ORM\OneToMany(targetEntity="Product", mappedBy="category")*/protected $products;

136 2.


public function __construct()

{

$this->products = new ArrayCollection();

}

}

-, . . Category Product, - products Product. , thisisn't done because Doctrine needs it, but instead because it makes sense in the applicationfor each Category to hold an array of Product objects.

: __construct() , Doctrine $products ArrayCollection. , . - , . .

, . . Product Category, $category Product:

// src/Acme/StoreBundle/Entity/Product.php// ...

class Product

{

// ...

/*** @ORM\ManyToOne(targetEntity="Category", inversedBy="products")* @ORM\JoinColumn(name="category_id", referencedColumnName="id")*/protected $category;

}

, Category Product, - Doctrine getter setter:


Doctrine . - Category Productwith a natural one-to-many relationship. Category holds Product Product hold Category. - - , . , , .

$category Product. - doctrine Category



id category_id, product. , Category $category,, , Doctrine , id category_id product.

$products Category - Doctrine Product.category .

, Doctrine category product.category_id, :

php app/console doctrine:schema:update --force

138 2.


: . Doctrine.

. , :

// ...use Acme\StoreBundle\Entity\Category;

use Acme\StoreBundle\Entity\Product;

use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

// ...

class DefaultController extends Controller

{

public function createProductAction()

{

$category = new Category();

$category->setName('Main Products');

$product = new Product();

$product->setName('Foo');

$product->setPrice(19.99);

// $product->setCategory($category);


$em->persist($category);

$em->persist($product);

$em->flush();

return new Response(

'Created product id: '.$product->getId().' and category id: '.$category->getId()

);

}

}

, category product. product.category_id id, . Doctrine .



, - . $product, Category:


{



->find($id);

$categoryName = $product->getCategory()->getName();

// ...}

, Product id . (hydrate) $product . , $product->getCategory()->getName(),Doctrine , Category, - Product. $category .

, , , , (. . ).

:

140 2.


public function showProductAction($id)

{

$category = $this->getDoctrine()

->getRepository('AcmeStoreBundle:Category')

->find($id);

$products = $category->getProducts();

// ...}

: Category, Doctrine Product, - (. . ->getProducts()). $products Product, Category category_id.

proxy

, , , Doctrine - proxy . , - :



->find($id);

$category = $product->getCategory();

// prints "Proxies\AcmeStoreBundleEntityCategoryProxy"echo get_class($category);

proxy Category, . , proxy , Doctrine Category (. . $category->getName()).Proxy Doctrine cache. , , $category proxy , . ( join), Doctrine Category, . . .



- (, Category) (, Product).

: , , -, web debug.

, , , join . ProductRepository:

// src/Acme/StoreBundle/Repository/ProductRepository.php

public function findOneByIdJoinedToCategory($id)

{

$query = $this->getEntityManager()

->createQuery('

SELECT p, c FROM AcmeStoreBundle:Product p

JOIN p.category c

WHERE p.id = :id'

)->setParameter('id', $id);

try {

return $query->getSingleResult();

} catch (\Doctrine\ORM\NoResultException $e) {

return null;

}

}

Product Category :


{



->findOneByIdJoinedToCategory($id);

$category = $product->getCategory();

// ...}

142 2.


- --. (., --, --), Doctrine.

: , - ORM\ (., ORM\OneToMany), Doctrine. use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;, ORM.

2.8.4

Doctrine , , , . Doctrine, see the Doctrine section ofthe reference manual.

2.8.5 Lifecycle Callbacks

- , . lifecyclecallbacks, . . , - (., , , . .).

, lifecyclecallbacks. YAML XML:

/**

* @ORM\Entity()

* @ORM\HasLifecycleCallbacks()

*/

class Product

{

// ...

}

Doctrine . , created (. . ):

Annotations

http://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/association-mapping.htmlhttp://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/association-mapping.html


/**

* @ORM\prePersist

*/

public function setCreatedValue()

{

$this->created = new \DateTime();

}

YAML


type: entity

# ...lifecycleCallbacks:

prePersist: [ setCreatedValue ]

XML

: created ( ).

, Doctrine created .

, :

preRemove

postRemove

prePersist

postPersist

preUpdate

144 2.


postUpdate

postLoad

loadClassMetadata

, , Lifecycle Events

Lifecycle Callbacks Event Listeners

setCreatedValue() . lifecylce callbacks : lifecycle callbacks , (., created/updated, - slug). - email- event listener subscriber . /cookbook/doctrine/event_listeners_subscribers.

2.8.6 Doctrine: Timestampable, Sluggable -

Doctrine , , . : Sluggable, Timestampable, Loggable, Translatable Tree.

Doctrine.

2.8.7 Doctrine

Doctrine . - PHP . Doctrine :

string ( )

text ( )

integer

http://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/events.html#lifecycle-events


smallint

bigint

decimal

float

( DateTime PHP )

date

time

datetime

boolean

object ( CLOB)

array ( CLOB)

.

, . -: type ( string), name, length, unique nullable. :

/**

* 255, null

* ( "type", "length" *nullable*)

*

* @ORM\Column()

*/

protected $name;

/**

* 150, "email_address"

* .

*

* @ORM\Column(name="email_address", unique="true", length="150")

*/

protected $email;

: , . - Doctrine's Property Mappingdocumentation

146 2.
http://php.net/manual/en/class.datetime.phphttp://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/basic-mapping.html#doctrine-mapping-typeshttp://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/basic-mapping.html#property-mappinghttp://www.doctrine-project.org/docs/orm/2.0/en/reference/basic-mapping.html#property-mapping


2.8.8

Doctrine2 ORM - doctrine. :

php app/console

doctrine:. ( Symfony) help. , doctrine:database:create, :

php app/console help doctrine:database:create

:

doctrine:ensure-production-settings - , - . - prod:

php app/console doctrine:ensure-production-settings --env=prod

doctrine:mapping:import - Doctrine . - /cookbook/doctrine/reverse_engineering.

doctrine:mapping:info - , Doctrine, - .

doctrine:query:dql doctrine:query:sql - DQL SQL .

: xtures , DoctrineFixturesBundle. , /bundles/DoctrineFixturesBundle/index .

2.8.9

Doctrine, - . , Doctrine PHP .



Doctrine , , - , - -.

Doctrine Doctrine , :

/bundles/DoctrineFixturesBundle/index

/cookbook/doctrine/common_extensions

2.9

, . , , (unit) .

2.9.1 PHPUnit

Symfony2 - PHPUnit- . PHPUnit, .

: Symfony2 PHPUnit 3.5.11 .

- - PHP, Tests/ . , :

# $ phpunit -c app/

-c PHPUnit app/. PHPUnit, app/phpunit.xml.dist.

: --coverage-html.

148 2.
http://www.phpunit.de/manual/3.5/en/


2.9.2

- PHP . , - .

Symfony2 - PHPUnit. , , Calculator Utility/ :


, - bootstrap.php.cache ( phpunit.xml.dist).

:

# run all tests in the Utility directory$ phpunit -c app src/Acme/DemoBundle/Tests/Utility/

# run tests for the Calculator class$ phpunit -c app src/Acme/DemoBundle/Tests/Utility/CalculatorTest.php

# Bundle$ phpunit -c app src/Acme/DemoBundle/

2.9.3

( ). , - PHPUnit , :

;

;

;

;

.

- PHP , , , - Tests/Controller. , DemoController, , - WebTestCase.

, Symfony2 Standard Edition DemoController (DemoControllerTest), :


public function testIndex()

{

$client = static::createClient();

$crawler = $client->request('GET', '/demo/hello/Fabien');

$this->assertTrue($crawler->filter('html:contains("Hello Fabien")')->count() > 0);

}

}

: , WebTestCase - . , . , , - phpunit.xml.dist KERNEL_DIR :

createClient() , , :

$crawler = $client->request('GET', '/demo/hello/Fabien');

request() (. request) Symfony\Component\DomCrawler\Crawler, Response, .

: Crawler , Response XML HTML . Response $client->getResponse()->getContent().

, Crawler XPath CSS, Client . , Greet, :

$link = $crawler->filter('a:contains("Greet")')->eq(1)->link();

$crawler = $client->click($link);

2.9. 151


: , - , :


request():

request():


$this->assertTrue($client->getResponse()->isSuccessful());

// - 404$this->assertTrue($client->getResponse()->isNotFound());

// - 200$this->assertEquals(200, $client->getResponse()->getStatusCode());

// - /demo/contact$this->assertTrue($client->getResponse()->isRedirect('/demo/contact'));

// , - URL$this->assertTrue($client->getResponse()->isRedirect());

2.9.4

HTTP ( ) Symfony2 :

$crawler = $client->request('GET', '/hello/Fabien');

request() HTTP URL Crawler.

Crawler DOM- Response. - :


// use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\File\UploadedFile;

$photo = new UploadedFile(

'/path/to/photo.jpg',

'photo.jpg',

'image/jpeg',

123

);

// $photo = array(

'tmp_name' => '/path/to/photo.jpg',

'name' => 'photo.jpg',

'type' => 'image/jpeg',

'size' => 123,

'error' => UPLOAD_ERR_OK

);

$client->request(

'POST',

'/submit',

array('name' => 'Fabien'),

array('photo' => $photo)

);

// DELETE , HTTP $client->request(

'DELETE',

'/post/12',

array(),

array(),

array('PHP_AUTH_USER' => 'username', 'PHP_AUTH_PW' => 'pa$$word')

);

, , - PHP :

$client->insulate();

, :


$client->reload();

// .$client->restart();

, :


Symfony . , , SQL , .

:

$profile = $client->getProfile();

: - .

, . , followRedirects():

$client->followRedirects(false);

, followRedirect():

$crawler = $client->followRedirect();

2.9.5 Crawler

Crawler . HTML , , .

jQuery, Crawler DOM HTML/XML., input[type=submit], - :


:

filter('h1.title') , CSS filterXpath('h1') , XPatheq(1) first() last() siblings() ()nextAll() previousAll() parents() children() reduce($lambda) , false

Crawler, :


// lambda $data = $crawler->each(function ($node, $i)

{

return $node->attr('href');

});

, selectLink() :

$crawler->selectLink('Click here');

, , , , alt.

click() Link, link():

$link = $crawler->link();

$client->click($link);

: links() Link .

, selectButton():

$crawler->selectButton('submit');

, , . . ; API , .

selectButton() button input submit; - :

value;

id alt ;

id name button.

, , form() - Form, :

2.9. 159


$form = $buttonCrawlerNode->form();

form() , - :

$form = $buttonCrawlerNode->form(array(

'name' => 'Fabien',

'my_form[subject]' => 'Symfony rocks!',

));

HTTP , - :

$form = $crawler->form(array(), 'DELETE');

Form:

$client->submit($form);

submit():

$client->submit($form, array(

'name' => 'Fabien',

'my_form[subject]' => 'Symfony rocks!',

));

, Form - :

// $form['name'] = 'Fabien';

$form['my_form[subject]'] = 'Symfony rocks!';

API :

// option radio$form['country']->select('France');

// checkbox$form['like_symfony']->tick();

// $form['photo']->upload('/path/to/lucas.jpg');

: , , getValues() Form. , - getFiles(). getPhpValues() getPhpFiles() -

160 2.


, PHP ( - , my_form[subject] - PHP ).

2.9.6

PHPUnit

PHPUnit, - phpunit.xml.dist. phpunit.xml - .

: phpunit.xml.dist phpunit.xml.

, phpunit ( src/*/Bundle/Tests src/*/Bundle/*Bundle/Tests), ., :

../src/*/*Bundle/Tests

../src/Acme/Bundle/*Bundle/Tests

, , :

../src

../src/*/*Bundle/Resources

../src/*/*Bundle/Tests

../src/Acme/Bundle/*Bundle/Resources

../src/Acme/Bundle/*Bundle/Tests

2.9. 161


2.9.7

HTTP

2.10

- web-. , (). , , web-.

Symfony2 Validator , . JSR303 Bean Validation specication. ?! Java - PHP? , . , PHP.

2.10.1

- . ,, PHP- - :


YAML

# src/Acme/BlogBundle/Resources/config/validation.ymlAcme\BlogBundle\Entity\Author:

properties:

name:

- NotBlank: ~

Annotations

// src/Acme/BlogBundle/Entity/Author.php

use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints as Assert;

class Author

{

/**

* @Assert\NotBlank()

*/

public $name;

}

XML

PHP


{

$metadata->addPropertyConstraint('name', new NotBlank());

}

}

: (protected) (private) get- (. validator-constraint-targets).

validator

, Author, validate validator(class Symfony\Component\Validator\Validator). validator -: (.. ), , , . , . -:


: - validator . . : .

.

: ( constraint violation), - Symfony\Component\Validator\ConstraintViolation

2.10. 165


validator . , , validator . Symfony , . (constraint violations) - FieldError, . :


):

YAML

# app/config/config.ymlframework:

validation: { enable_annotations: true }

XML

PHP


Blank

NotNull

Null

True

False

Type

Email

MinLength

MaxLength

Url

Regex

Ip

Max

Min

Date

DateTime

Time

Choice

Collection

UniqueEntity

Language

168 2.


Locale

Country

File

Image

Callback

All

UserPassword

Valid

. /cookbook/validation/custom_constraint .

, NotBlank, , , - Choice, . , Author gender, - male female:

YAML


properties:

gender:

- Choice: { choices: [male, female], message: Choose a valid gender. }

Annotations



class Author

{

/**

* @Assert\Choice(

* choices = { "male", "female" },

* message = "Choose a valid gender."

2.10. 169


* )

*/

public $gender;

}

XML

male

female

Choose a valid gender.

PHP


Choice, (choices).

YAML


properties:

gender:

- Choice: [male, female]

Annotations



class Author

{

/**

* @Assert\Choice({"male", "female"})

*/

protected $gender;

}

XML

male

female

PHP


{

protected $gender;

public static function loadValidatorMetadata(ClassMetadata $metadata)

{

$metadata->addPropertyConstraint('gender', new Choice(array('male', 'female')));

}

}

.

, , API - ( ).

2.10.4

(, name) - ( , , getFullName). , - .

- . Symfony2 , . $firstName Author, .

YAML


properties:

firstName:

- NotBlank: ~

- MinLength: 3

Annotations

// Acme/BlogBundle/Entity/Author.php


class Author

{

172 2.


/**

* @Assert\NotBlank()

* @Assert\MinLength(3)

*/

private $firstName;

}

XML

3

PHP


, true:

YAML


getters:

passwordLegal:

- "True": { message: "The password cannot match your first name" }

Annotations



class Author

{

/**

* @Assert\True(message = "The password cannot match your first name")

*/

public function isPasswordLegal()

{

// return true or false

}

}

XML

The password cannot match your first name

PHP


'message' => 'The password cannot match your first name',

)));

}

}

isPasswordLegal() :

public function isPasswordLegal()

{

return ($this->firstName != $this->password);

}

: , - (get is). - ( , , ) .

. Callback - , . , , .

2.10.5

, . , -, , . , .

, User, - :

YAML

# src/Acme/BlogBundle/Resources/config/validation.ymlAcme\BlogBundle\Entity\User:

properties:

email:

- Email: { groups: [registration] }

password:

2.10. 175


- NotBlank: { groups: [registration] }

- MinLength: { limit: 7, groups: [registration] }

city:

- MinLength: 2

Annotations

// src/Acme/BlogBundle/Entity/User.php

namespace Acme\BlogBundle\Entity;

use Symfony\Component\Security\Core\User\UserInterface;


class User implements UserInterface

{

/**

* @Assert\Email(groups={"registration"})

*/

private $email;

/**

* @Assert\NotBlank(groups={"registration"})

* @Assert\MinLength(limit=7, groups={"registration"})

*/

private $password;

/**

* @Assert\MinLength(2)

*/

private $city;

}

XML

registration

registration

176 2.


7

registration

7

PHP


, , - validate():

$errors = $validator->validate($author, array('registration'));

, , . , .

2.10.6

. , - , , - email-. . - :


, , . - - Symfony\Component\Validator\ConstraintViolation, , , getMessage.

2.10.7

Symfony2 - , , . - -, , . - , , .

2.10.8 :

/cookbook/validation/custom_constraint

2.11

- web-. Symfony2 , - . , , .

: - , - Symfony2. Symfony2 Form Component .

2.11.1

, - ToDo, . , . , , Task, :


class Task

{

protected $task;

protected $dueDate;

public function getTask()

{

return $this->task;

}

public function setTask($task)

{

$this->task = $task;

}

public function getDueDate()

{

return $this->dueDate;

}

public function setDueDate(\DateTime $dueDate = null)

{

$this->dueDate = $dueDate;

}

}

: , , AcmeTaskBundle, ( ):

php app/console generate:bundle --namespace=Acme/TaskBundle

PHP- Symfony - . PHP-, - (.. ). , Task ( HTML-), .

, Task, HTML-. Symfony2 . , :

180 2.


, , . , form view ( - $form->createView() ) - :

Twig

{# src/Acme/TaskBundle/Resources/views/Default/new.html.twig #}

{{ form_widget(form) }}

PHP

>

: , task_new, AcmeTaskBundle:Default:new, .

! form_widget(form), , ( ). , ( ). , , , . , .

182 2.


, , task, task $task (Write a blog post). - : , HTML .

: , - (protected) task getTask() setTask() Task. (public), , . - is* ( isPublished()) getPublished().

, , . , . :


, task dueDate $task. bindRequest().

: bindRequ

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