syllabi- - Kurukshetra University :: Kurukshetra M.pdf · syllabi- 1. Prof. ... relation between...

1 Expert advice from the following academicians has been incorporated in the proposed syllabi-

1. Prof. Biman Bagchi Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

2. Prof. S. K. Mehta Chemistry Department Panjab University, Chandigarh

3. Prof. Ashok Mukharjee Chemistry Department University of Burdwan, West Bengal

4. Prof. M. S. Chauhan Chemistry Department H. P. University, Shimla

5. Prof. V. K. Rattan Department of Chemistry and Engineering, Chandigarh

6. Prof. Ashok Kumar Prasad Department of Chemistry University of Delhi, Delhi

7. Prof. Isabel Rozas School of Chemistry Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland

8. Prof. P. Venugopalan Chemistry Department Panjab University, Chandigarh

9. Dr. Deepak Chopra Department of Chemistry IISER, Bhopal

Course contents of the following Universities have been taken into account to prepare the proposed syllabi-

1. Panjab University, Chandigarh 2. University of Delhi, Delhi 3. Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak 4. Banaras Hindu University, Banaras 5. University of Dublin, Ireland

2 Syllabi and Courses of Reading for M.Sc. Chemistry (Previous and Final) Classes w.e.f. 2013-2014 and 2014-2015.

SCHEME OF EXAMINATION Paper No. Nomenclature of the Paper Max. Time

Marks (Including internal assessment)

M.Sc. (Previous)

Semester I I Inorganic Chemistry (General) 60+20 3 hrs. II Physical Chemistry (General) 60+20 3 hrs. III Organic Chemistry (General) 60+20 3 hrs. IVa Chemistry of Life Science 60+20 3 hrs.

OR IVb Mathematics for Chemists 60+20 3 hrs.

OR IVc Introduction to Pharmacy 60+20 3 hrs.

and Pharmacology Semester II V Inorganic Chemistry (General) 60+20 3 hrs. VI Physical Chemistry (General) 60+20 3 hrs. VII Organic Chemistry (General) 60+20 3 hrs. VIII Applications of Computer 60+20 3 hrs. in Chemistry IX Inorganic Chemistry Practicals 80+20 6 hrs. (Two sessions) X Physical Chemistry Practicals 80+20 6 hrs. (Two sessions) XI Organic Chemistry Practicals 80+20 6 hrs. (Two sessions)

M.Sc. (Final) Semester III XII Inorganic Chemistry (General) 60+20 3 hrs. XIII Physical Chemistry (General) 60+20 3 hrs. XIV Organic Chemistry (General) 60+20 3 hrs. XV Inorganic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XVI Inorganic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs.

OR XV Physical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XVI Physical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs.

OR XV Organic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XVI Organic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs.

OR XV Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XVI Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs.

3 Semester IV XVII Inorganic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XVIII Inorganic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XIX Inorganic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XX Inorganic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs.

OR XVII Physical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XVIII Physical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XIX Physical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XX Physical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs.

OR XVII Organic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XVIII Organic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XIX Organic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XX Organic Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs.

OR XVII Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XVIII Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XIX Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XX Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Special) 60+20 3 hrs. XXI Inorganic Chemistry Practicals 80+20 18 hrs. XXII Inorganic Chemistry Practicals 80+20 (six sessions XXIII Inorganic Chemistry Practicals 80+20 spread over three days)

OR XXI Physical Chemistry Practicals 80+20 18 hrs. XXII Physical Chemistry Practicals 80+20 (six sessions, XXIII Physical Chemistry Practicals 80+20 spread over three days)

OR XXI Organic Chemistry Practicals 80+20 18 hrs. XXII Organic Chemistry Practicals 80+20 (Six sessions, XXIII Organic Chemistry Practicals 80+20 spread over three days)

OR XXI Pharmaceutical Chemistry Practicals 80+20 18 hrs. XXII Pharmaceutical Chemistry Practicals 80+20 (six sessions, XXIII Pharmaceutical Chemistry Practicals 80+20 spread over three days)

Seminar 40 Grand Total 2000 marks

Tutorials 1/2 hr. per paper per group Note: 20% marks are reserved for Lab. Record in Practicals in M.Sc. (Previous) and M.Sc. (Final).

4

(Modified Syllabi)

M.Sc. Chemistry (Previous) Inorganic Chemistry (General) Paper I

Time: 3 Hrs

Max. Marks: 60+20(IA)

Note: Eight questions will be se t, two from each of the sec tions A, B, C & D. The candidates are required to attempt five questions in all selecting at least one question from each section . All questions carry equal marks .

SECTION – A

Symmetry and Group Theory in Chemistry Def in it ions of group, subgroup , relat ion between orders of a f init e group and its subgroup . Conjugacy relat ion and c lasses. Symmetry elements and symmetry opera tion, Point symmetry group . Schönfl ies symbols , representa tions of groups by matrices (rep resenta t ion for the C n , Cn v, Cn h , D n h etc. groups to be worked out explicit ly) . Character of a representat ion , reducible and irreducible rep resentat ions , The grea t orthogonal ity theorem (without p roof) and its importance, Derivat ion of character tables o f C 2 v, C 3 v and D 2 h Cha racter tab les and their use. Molecu la r asymmetry, d issymmetry and optica l act iv it y.

SECTION - B Stereochemistry and Bonding in Main Group Co mpounds VSEPR Theory, Walsh diagrams (t r i - a tomic molecu les ), d -p bonds, Bent rule and energet ics of hyb ridizat ion , Hucke l theory with re ference to ethylene and butadiene, Some simple substitu tion react ions of covalent ly bonded molecules of boron, s i licon and nit rogen.

SECTION – C

Metal-Ligand Equil ibr ia in Solution

Stepwise and overa ll fo rmat ion constants and the ir int eract ion, trends in stepwise constants, factors affecting the stabi lity of meta l comp lexes with reference to the nature of metal ion and l igand , chelate e ffect and its thermodynamic or ig in, determinat ion o f b inary format ion c onstants by pH-metry and spect rophotometry.

Subst itut ion react ions in octahedral complexes, theo ries of t rans effect with respect to Pt(II) comp lexes , brief account of elect ron transfer react ions , inert and lab ile complexes .

5

SECTION - D

Metal-Ligand Bonding Limitat ion of c rysta l field theory, crystal f ield ef fects , John T eller d is tortion, nephelauxet ic series , spin-orbita l coupling, mo lecular orbital theo ry of octahedra l, tetrahedra l and square p lanar complexes (with and without п -bonding ) .

Books Suggested

1. Advanced Inorganic Chemist ry, F.A. Cot ton and Wilkinson, John Wiley. 2 . Inorganic Chemistry, J .E. Huhey, Harper & Row. 3 . Chemical App licat ions of Group Theory; F.A. Cotton, Wiley, New York. 4 . Chemistry of the Elements , N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw, Pergamon. 5 . The Chemical bond; J.N.Murre l, SFA Kett le and JM. Tedder; Wiley, New York . 6 . Modern Aspects of Inorganic Chemistry; H.J . E meleus and Sharpe. 7 . Concep ts and Models of Inorganic Chemistry; B. Douglas, D.H. McDanie l and .

J.J.Alexander; John Wiley and Sons. 8 . Inorganic Chemistry, A Modern Int roduction; T Moeller, John Wiley and Sons.

M.Sc. Chemistry (Previous) Semester I Physical Chemistry (General) Paper II

Time: 3 Hrs


Note: Eight questions will be se t, two from each of the sec tions A, B, C & D. The candidates are required to attempt five questions in all selecting at least one question from each section . All questions carry equal marks .

Section - A

Rea l Gases: Concept of Fugacity and Activity

Recapitula tion o f thermodynamic laws. Concep t of fugac it y, methods for determining the fugac it y of a rea l gas, its va riat ion with temperature and p ressure, activ ity, choice of standard states , dependence of act iv ity on temperature and pressure, det ermination of act iv it y by (i) measurement of vapour p ressure, ( i i ) dist r ibut ion of so lute between two immisc ib le solvents , ( ii i) emf measurement and ( iv) activ ity of one component from known va lue of the act iv ity of the other. Partial Molar Properties

Pa rt ia l molar quantit ies , chemical potent ia l and Gibbs-Duhem equa tion,

va riat ion of chemica l potent ia l with tempera ture and p ressure, chemica l potent ia l for

6 an idea l gas , chemica l potent ial in idea l gas mixture , determina tion of part ial mo la r volume, the rmodynamic funct ions of mixing (free energy, entropy, volume and entha lpy), concept of escap ing t endency and chemica l potent ia l.

SECTION - B

Che mica l Kinetics Col lision theory of rea ct ion rates, the ster ic requirement , Arrhen ius equat ion and act iva ted complex theory (ACT), comparison of coll is ion and act ivation complex theory, Potent ial energy surfaces (Only basic Idea) , thermodynamic fo rmulat ion o f activated complex theory, cha in react ions (hydrogen -halogen react ion) , unimolecu la r react ions , Lindemann – Hinshe lwood mechanism of unimolecu la r react ions.

SECTION – C Electrochemistry

Debye-Hückel theory of ion- ion interact ion and act iv ity coeff ic ient , applicability and limitat ions of Debye-Hückel l imiting la w, its modif ica tion fo r f in ite -sized ions , ef fect of ion-solvent in terac tion on act iv it y coefficient . Physical sign if icance o f act iv it y coeff ic ients , mean act iv it y coefficient of an electrolyte .

Debye-Huckel-Onsager (D-H-O) theory of electrolyt ic conductance , Debye -Fa lkenhagen effect , Wein effect . D-H-O equa tion - it s app licab il it y and limitat ions , Pa ir-wise assoc iat ion of ions (Bjerrum treatment ), Modif icat ion of D-H-O theory to account for ion-pair format ion.

Metal/Electrolyte interface , Concep t of electrical double la yer and its st ructure: Helmholtz-Perr in , Gouy-Chapman, and S tern models, e lectrok inet ic phenomena , determinat ion o f zeta potent ial .

SECTION-D

Surface Chemistry and Catalysis Gibbs adsorption equa tion, Langmuir adsorpt ion isotherm and its k inet ic derivat ion for non- dissociat ive and dissociat ive adsorp tion, BET adsorpt ion isotherm, its k inet ic der ivation and applicat ions.

Study o f surfaces by STM, SEM. Heterogeneous catalysis, surface he terogeneity, surfac e catalyzed unimolecu lar and bimolecular reac tions, temporary and permanent catalytic poisons, activation energy for surface reactions. Comparison of homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction rates.

7 Books Suggested 1 . An Introduct ion to Chemica l Thermodynamics , R.P . Rastogi and R.R. Mis ra,

Vikas Pub. 2 . Physica l Chemist ry, P.W. Atkins , Oxford Univers ity Press . 3 . Thermodyna mics for Chemists , S . Glasstone , Aff il ia ted East -West Press . 4 . Thermodyna mics , I .M. Klotz and R.M. Rosenbers, Benzamin. 5 . Chemical Kinet ics, K.J. La id ler, McGraw Hil l . 6 . Kinet ics and Mechanism, A. A. Frost and R.G. Pearson, John Wiley and Sons. 7 . Electrochemistry, S. Glasstone , Aff il ia ted East -West Press . 8 . Physica l Chemist ry, G.W. Castellan, Narosa . 9. Heterogeneous Catalysis : Fundamentals and App lications, Julian R.H.

Ross, Wiley-VCH; 2nd, Revised and Enlarged Edition edit ion (October 1, 2007)

10 . Concepts o f Modern Catalysis and Kinetics , I. Chorkendorff and J. W. Niemantsverdriet

M.Sc. Chemis try (Previous) Semester I Organic Chemistry (Genera l) Paper III

Time: 3 Hrs


Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates are required to a ttempt five quest ions in al l select ing at least one quest ion from each sect ion. Al l quest ions ca rry equa l marks.

SECTION – A

Reaction Mechanism: Structure and Reactivity

Types of mechanisms , types of react ions , thermodynamic and kinet ic requirements , e ffect of s tructure on react iv it y - resonance and field effects, s teric effect , quant itat ive treatment . The Hammett equation and linear free energy rela tionship , substituent and react ion constants. Taft equa tion, k inet ic and thermodynamic cont rol, Hammond's postula te, Curt in -Hammett princip le . Potent ial energy diagrams , transit ion states and intermediates , methods of dete rmining mechanisms , Genera tion, st ructu re , stabil it y and reactivity of ca rbocat ions, ca rbanions , carbenes and nitrenes .

8

SECTION - B

Mechanism of Nuc leophilic Aliphatic Substitution

The limiting cases SN1 and SN2 , detailed mechanis tic descrip tion and border line mechanisms, nucleophilic ity and solvent effects, competition be tween nucleophilicity and basic ity, ambident nuc leophiles , hard and soft nuc leophiles and electrophiles , leaving group effec ts , steric and o ther substituen t effects on substitution and ionization rates, s te reochemistry o f nuc leophilic substi tu tion, SN i , SN1 ', SN2 ' and SN i ' mechan isms.

Mechanism of Elimination Reactions

The El, ElcB and E2 mechanism, Orientation Effects in Elimination Reactions , Saytzeff and Hoffman rules, Ste reochemistry o f E2 Elimination Reaction and Eclips ing Effects in E2 Eliminations. Dehydration of Alcoho ls, Elimination not involving C-H Bonds, Pyrolytic eliminations .

SECTION – C

Stereochemistry-I

Symmetry elements , D-L, R-S, E-Z and threo-eryth ro nomenclature, inte rconversion of Fischer, Newman, Sawhorse and flying wedge formulae. conformational analys is, enantiomerism and d ias te reomerism of s imple, cyc lic (chair and boat configurat ion) and acyclic sys tems. Axial and planer chirali ty, optical isomerism in allenes, biphenyls (at ropoisomerism), spiranes, hemispiranes . elementary ideas about stereochemistry o f te rt iary amines, quaternary salts, su lphur and phosphorous compounds.

SECTION - D

Stereochemistry – II

Topicity of l igands and faces, their nomenclature and prostereoisomerism, stereogenecity, chirogenic ity, pseudoasymmetry and proch iral centre. stereospecific and stereoselective reaction.

Elementary idea of principle categories of asymmetric synthesis, Cram’s rule and i ts modification, Prelog rule and horeaus rule.

Stereochemistry o f sugars- C1 and 1C conformations o f hexoses, c 2’-endo and c3’-endo conformation of pentoses, homomorphous sugars, abnormal mutaro tation and ∆-2 instabili ty factor.

Stereochemistry o f decalins,

9 Chemical correlation of configuration -de termination of re lative configuration o f 2-butanol, isoserine, alanine, malic ac id, l actic acid and mandelic acid .

Books Suggested

1 . Advanced Organ ic Chemistry Reactions, Mechanism and Structu re, Jerry March, John Wiley.

2. Advanced Organic Chemistry, F. A. Carey and R. J . Sundberg, Plenum. 3. A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Peter Sykes, Longman . 4. Structure and Mechan ism in Organ ic Chemistry, C. K. Ingold, Cornell

University Press. 5. Organ ic Chemistry, R. T . Morrison and R. N. Boyd , Prentice -Hall. 6. Modern Organic Reactions, H. O. House , Benjamin . 7. Principles of Organic Synthesis , R. O. C. Norman and J . M. Coxon,

Blackie Academic & Pro fessional. 8. Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, S. M. Mukherji and S. P.

Singh, Macmillan. 9. Stereochemistry o f Organic Compounds, D. Nasipuri , New Age International.

10. Stereochemistry o f Organ ic Compounds, P.S, Kals i, New Age Inte rnational.

M.Sc. Chemis try (Previous) Semester I Chemistry of Life Sc ience Paper IVa

Time: 3 Hrs Max. Marks: 60+20(IA)

Note: Eight quest ions will be set ; two will be set from sect ion A and three from each

of the sect ions B & C. The candida tes a re required to at tempt five questions in all se lect ing a tleas t one question from each sect ion.

SECTION - A

Cell Structure and Metabolism

Structure of p rokaryot ic and eukaryot ic cel ls , int racel lu lar organelles and their funct ions , comparison of p lant and animal cells . Overv iew of metabolic processes - catabolism and anabol ism. ATP - the b iolog ica l energy cur rency. Carbohydrate metabolism-g lycolysis , Kreb 's cycle, g lycogenolysis, g lycogenesis pentose phosphate pathway and g luconeogenes is ,

10 Carbohydrates

Structure and funct ions of important derivat ives of monosacchar ides l ike glycosides , deoxy sugars , myo inosito l , amino sugars-N-acetylmura mic ac id and s ia lic acid , d isaccharides

Structure and b io log ica l funct ions of Structura l polysaccharides - cel lu lose and chit in .Storage polysacchar ides -starch and g lycogen.

Heteropolysacchar ides-glucosaminog lycans or mucopolysacchar ides . Glycoconjuga tes- g lycoproteins and glycol ipids. Role of sugars in biologica l recognit ion. Blood group subs tances.

SECTION - B

Lipids

Fat ty acids , essentia l fat t y acids , st ructure and function of tr iacylglycero ls , glycerophospholipids , sphingolip ids, cholest ero l, b i le acids , prostaglandins . Lipoproteins - composit ion and funct ion , ro le in atherosc leros is .

Properties of l ip id aggregates-micelles , b ilayers , liposomes and their possible biological funct ions . Bio logical membranes . F luid mosaic model o f membrane st ructure.

Lipid metabolism - β-oxida tion of fatty acids .

Amino-acids, Pept ides and Pro te in

Essent ial amino acids, Isoe lectric pH,chemica l and enzymatic hyd rolys is of p roteins to peptides, amino ac id sequencing. Secondary structure of prote ins , forces responsible for holding of secondary s tructures . α -he lix , β-sheets , super secondary st ructure, t rip le he lix structure of col lagen. Tert iary s tructure of p rotein- fold ing and domain st ructure. Qua ternary st ructure . denatura tion of p roteins

SECTION – C

Nucle ic Acids and Genet ic Code

Structure of nucleot ides , nucleosides , DNA (Watson-Crick mode l) RNA st ructure and confo rmat ion,

Study of prokaryotes

Rep lica tion of DNA (semi-conservative, conservat ive and dispers ive rep lica t ion Maselson-Stahl experiment) , transcr ipt ion, transla tion of genet ic materia l, genet ic code, universal it y of the code, codon, anticodon pairing, RNA, p rotein b iosynthesis ( in it iat ion, e longat ion, t ermina tion and p rocessing of the pept ide cha in).

11 Books Suggested

1. Princip les of Biochemistry, A. L. Lehninger, Worth Publishers . 2 . Biochemistry, L.Stryer, W.H.Freeman.

3 . Biochemistry, J . David Rawn , Nei l Pat terson.

4 . Biochemistry, Voet and Voet , John Wiley.

5 . Outlines of Biochemistry, E. E.Conn and P. K. Stumpf, John Wi ley.

Or

M.Sc. Chemis try (Previous) Semester I Mathematics for Chemists Paper IVb


Note: Eight quest ions wil l be set, two f rom sect ion A and three from each of the

sect ions B & C. The candidates are required to a ttempt f ive quest ions in al l select ing at leas t one quest ion from each section . All quest ions ca rry equal marks.

SECTION - A Vectors

Examples of sca la r and vectors , definit ions of vectors in two, three spaces , representation and s imple propert ies of vectors, addit ion and subtraction of vecto rs, vector addit ion by the method of t r iangles , resolut ion of vectors in to rectangu la r components , addit ion of vecto rs by components, multip l icat ion and diffe rent iat ion of vectors . Scalar product of vecto rs , vector p roduct , concept of normaliza tion, orthogonal it y and complete set of un it vectors . I llust ra tion of applicat ions to spectroscopy and quantum chemistry.

Matrices and Determinants

Def in it ion o f matr ix , types of matrices , v iz . row matrix , column matr ix , null matrix , square matrix , diagonal matrix , addition, subtract ion and mult ip licat ion by a number, matrix mult ip l icat ion. Transpose and adjoint of matr ix , elementary t ransformation, representat ion and applications (without deve lopment of theory) to solut ion of linear equa tions . Definit ion of determinant , propert ies of determinants, evaluat ion of determinants . Il lust rat ion o r app licat ions to group theory, p rob lems in chemistry.

SECTION - B

Logarithm

12 Need for logarithm in chemist ry. Theory and applicat ion of logar ithms fo r solv ing genera l and chemical prob lems.

Graphical Representation o f Equations Rectangular coordinates , s traight lines , s lope and intercept of the equa tion, slope and point equat ion, two point equat ion, paralle l lines , points of intersection, distance between two points , change of or ig in. Examples from problems in chemistry, curve f it ting for leas t squares method.

Elements of Algebraic and Trigonometric Funct ions

The binomial expansion, some example from chemistry, s ines , cosines and tangents, t r igonometric ident it ies , pola r coordina tes in t rigonometric funct ions .

Differential Ca lculus

Theory, ru les of d if ferent iat ion , powers , added and subtracted funct ions , constants, products , quotients , funct ions of a funct ion, logar ithmic dif fe rent iat ion, and parametric funct ions . Algebra ic s implif icat ion, d ifferentiat ion o f implic it funct ions, graphical s ignif icance of d ifferentiat ion, rate of change of s lope, success ive different ia tion. Examples re lated to maximally populated rotationa l energy levels , Bohr's radius and most probab le ve loc it y f rom Maxwell’s d ist r ibut ion. Exact and inexact d if ferent ia l with their applica t ion to t hermodynamic princ iples .

SECTION-C Partial Differentiat ion

The fundamental theorem, geometrica l significance of partial different ia t ion, special cases of fundamenta l theo rem, success ive part ia l d if fe rent iat ion. In teg ra l t ransforms (Fourier and Lap lace) . Reduction formulae, applica tion to chemica l problems . Methods of Lagrangian mu lt ip liers, Sterl ing’s approximat ion, probab il it y and errors .

Integral Calculus

Integra l theo ry, ru les of in teg ra tion between l imits , s ignif icance of ‘e’ exponent ia l equat ions , methods o f in tegra tion, v iz . algebra ic s imp li ficat ions , subst itut ion, integrat ion by parts, integ rat ion by part ia l fract ions , coordinate t ransformation (e.g . , ca rtes ian to spherical polar), curve sketch ing, in tegra l as area. I llust ra tion of applicat ion in chemistry. Eva luation of standard in tegra ls used in chemistry.

Differential Equation

Simple different ia l equa tions , s eparable variables, homogeneous equat ions , exact equat ions, l inear equat ions, equat ion of the f irst and s econd order, pa rt ia l different ia l equat ion, applica tion to phys ico-chemica l p roblems.

13 Books Suggested

1. Mathematical Preparat ion for Physica l Chemistry , F. Danie ls , McGra w Hill . 2 . Mathematical Prepara tion for Genera l Physics , J.B . Marian, R.C. Davidson

Saunder Company. 3 . Mathematical Methods for Science Students , G. Stephemen, ELBS. 4 . Chemical Thermodynamics, R.C. Reid .

Or

M.Sc. Chemistry (Previous) Semester I Introduction to Pharmacy and Pharmacology Paper IVc


Note: Eight quest ions will be s et , two wil l be set from sect ion A and three from each of the sect ions B & C. The candida tes a re required to at temp t five quest ions in all select ing a tleas t one quest ion from each sect ion.

SECTION-A General : Int roduct ion to Pharmaceutica l sciences , h istory and deve lopment of chemotherapeut ic agents , its branches , st andards for drugs , naming of drugs , therapeutic index , LD50 and ED50, Pharmaceut ica l lit era ture, off ic ia l books, routes of drug administ ra tion Cell Structure & Cel lu lar Physiology: Sub cel lu la r organ izat ion, membrane processes , cell metabolism, cel l d ivis ion, Structure and funct ion of epithel ial connect ive , muscula r and nervous t issues , Muscle contract ion and propert ies , Nerve impulse generat ion and transmiss ion. Skull & Ske leton. Respiratory System: Structure resp iratory volumes and capacities , vent i la tion, compliance and res is tance , gaseous exchange and t ransport in blood , nervous and chemica l regu la t ions o f respirat ion. Acid-base balance. Renal system: Structure of k idney and urinary t ract ; nephorn transport processes concentrat ion and dilut ion of urine , renal control of body flu ids , p lasma clearances, Matura tion.

SECTION-B

Major Categories of formulat ions, Physica l properties and Chemical character ist ics of drugs inf luencing their fo rmulat ions . Metrology : In troduct ion, units of weight and volume in both imper ia l and metric system, Simple calculat ions involved in preparing solut ions of solids in liquids and l iquids based on imperial and met ric systems, method of a l legat ion.

14 Pre formulat ion considerations : Ana lyt ica l methods for characteriza tion of drugs , determinat ion of pKa value, pH, solubi li ty profi le, and effect of tempepra ture, solut ion and sol id state stability . Emulsions: Types, ident if icat ion, and s elect ion of emulgents, prepara tion and stab il it y. Emphasis may be given on off ic ia l products . Suspensions and mixtures: P ract ica l considera tions , p repara tion of p roducts of different catego ries eva luat ion , stabil it y, and offic ia l suspensions . Semi-Solid Dosage Forms: A b rief descr ipt ion, preparat ion of o intments , creams jell ies and suppositories . Aeroso l Dosage Forms: Advantages, formula tion and standardiza tion.

SECTION-C

Pharmacokinetics: ADME (Absorp tion, d is t r ibution , metabolism-Phase I and Phase II react ions , Excret ion) of d rugs, Important pharmacok inet ic parameters-apparent volume of d is tr ibution, b ioava ilabilit y, clea rance. Pharmacodynmics: Elementa ry idea about drug action , drug targets, neurotransmit te rs , the receptor role, Drug Receptor Interact ions , types of receptors -ion channel recep tors, G-p rotein coupled receptors, kinase-l inked recep tors, ion channels and the ir control , membrane bound enzymes -act ivat ion/deactivat ion, design of agon is ts and antagonis ts . Princ iples of toxicology and trea tment o f poisoning : In t roduction, Toxic agents, Tox ic it y-acute, subacute and chronic, desc riptive toxicit y tests in animals , Genera l principles of management of poison ing , ant idotes, Treatment of heavy meta l poisoning and drugs (barbiturates, benzodiazepines , sa licylates , morphine & morphine derivat iv es, a lcoho l) Books Recommended: 1. Goodman and Gilman’s Pharmacologica l Basis of Therapeutics , McGra w-Hill . 2 . B.G.Katzung, Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, L:auge Medical Publica tion,

1995. 3 . Introduct ion to Pharmacology by P.C. Dandya and S.K. Kulkarni.

15

M.Sc. Chemistry (Previous) Semester II

M.Sc . Chemistry (Previous) Inorganic Che mistry (General) Paper V

Time: 3 Hrs


Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates a re required to a ttempt five questions in a ll select ing a t least one quest ion from each sect ion. Al l quest ions ca rry equa l marks.

SECTION – A

Electronic Spectra and Magnetic Properties of Transit ion Metal Complexes -I

Electronic arrangements of microsta tes, calculat ion of the number o f microstates in var ious electron ic ar rangements, spectroscopic term symbols , vector diagrams to ind icates coupling of orbital angular momenta in p 2, p 3, d 2 con figurat ions and spin orbit coupl ing for p 2 a rrangement , spectroscopic terms, spectral terms of d 2 to d 8 meta l ions , dete rmining the ground s tate terms -Hund's rules, deriva tion of the term symbol for a closed subshe ll.

SECTION – B

Electronic Spectra and Magnetic Properties of Transit ion Metal Complexes -II

Interpretat ion of electronic spectra, Orge l diagrams, Tanabe-Sugano diagrams fo r t ransit ion meta l complex es (d 1 -d 9 sta tes) , calculat ions of Dq, B and pa rameters , charge transfer spectra, spectroscopic method of assignment o f absolute configu rat ion in op tica lly act ive meta l chela tes and their stereochemica l information, anoma lous magnet ic moments , magnet ic exchange coup ling and spin c rossover.

Circular Dichroism and Optical Rota tory Dispersion

Polarized light , funda mental symmetry requirements , for opt ical act iv ity, int eract ion of polar ized l ight with op tical ly act ive mat ter, op tica l ro ta tion, Cot ton ef fect , configu rat ion of Tris -chelated complexes.

SECTION - C

Metal л-Complexes

Metal ca rbonyls, s t ructure and bonding, v ibrat ional spectra o f meta l carbonyls for bonding and structural elucida t ion, important react ions of meta l carbonyls ;

16 preparation, bonding, s t ructure and important react ions o f t ransit ion metal n itrosyl, dinitrogen and dioxygen complexes; t ert iary phosphine as ligand.

SECTION - D

Metal Clusters Higher boranes, ca rboranes, meta l loboranes and metallocarboranes . Metal ca rbonyl and ha lide clusters , compounds with meta l -meta l multip le bonds.

Books Suggested

1. Advanced Inorganic Chemist ry, F.A. Cot ton and Wilkinson, John Wiley. 2 . Inorganic Chemistry, J .E. Huhey, Harper & Row. 3 . Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy, A.B.P. Lever , Elsev ie r. 4 . Chemistry of the Elements , N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw, Pergamon. 5 . Introduct ion to Ligand fields ; B .N. F iggis , Wiley, New York . 6 . Modern Aspects of Inorganic Chemistry; H.J . E meleus and Sharpe. 7 . Introduct ion to Ligand F ield Theory; C.J .Ba llahyen, McGraw Hill, New York. 8 . Organometall ic Chemistry; R.C.Mehrotra and A.Singh , New Age Interna tiona l. 9 . Concep ts and Models of Inorganic Chemis try; B. Doug las , D.H.McDaniel and

J.J.Alexander; John Wiley. 10 . The Organometa ll ic Chemistry of the Transit ion Metals; R.H. Crabtree, John

Wiley.

M.Sc. Chemistry (Previous) Semester II Physical Chemistry (Genera l) Paper VI


Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates a re required to at tempt five quest ions in a ll select ing at leas t one quest ion from each section. All quest ions carry equal marks .

SECTION-A

Quantum Mechanics-I The postulates of quantum mechanics , Linear and Hermitian opera tors.

Commutat ion o f operators and Uncerta inty Principle . Schrodinger equa tion, e igen funct ion and eigen values, free particle, Schrodinger equa tion for a particle in a box, the degeneracy, pa rt ic le in a box with a f in it e barr ier, Schrodinger equa tion fo r l inear ha rmonic osc il la tor and its solut ion, zero point energy, Tunnel ing Prob lem: Tunnel ing through a rectangular barrier.

SECTION – B

17 Quantum Mechanics-II Energy levels and wave-funct ions of Rig id rotator . Hydrogen a tom: Complete solut ion (separa tion of variab les in spherica l polar coordinates and its solut ion) . Radia l d ist r ibut ions . Angular momentum and its d irect iona l quant iza tion, Angula r momentum opera tors, commutat ion relation , shape of atomic orb ita ls upto d -leve l and their d iscuss ion.

SECTION – C

Basics of Polymers and Polymerization

Revision of Basic concepts, Kinetics of Polymerization: Mechanism and Kinetics of chain growth polymerization: free-radical, cationic, anionic and coordination polymerization. Mechanism and Kinetics of step-growth polymerization. Comparison between step-growth and chain polymerization. Molecular mass of polymers: Significance of average molecular mass. Poly-dispersity, Molecular mass distribution curves. Determination of molecular mass by osmometry and viscosity methods. Electrically conducting polymers, Fire resistant polymers, Liquid crystal polymers.

SECTION-D Nuclear and Radiochemistry

Nuclear stabilit y and binding energy. Mass and binding energy, Nuc lear f iss ion and nuclear fus ion, f iss ion cross sect ion, cha in f iss ion, f iss ion product and fiss ion yie ld . Interact ion of nuclear radiat ion with mat ter , Det ectors (Proport ional , Geiger -Mulle r and Scint il lation counte rs) and their princip les . Units for measuring radiat ion absorbed, radiation dosimetry. Radiotracer techn ique, Act iva t ion analysis, isotope dilut ion technique, Radiochromatography, radiometric t it rations , Neutron absorpt iometry. Some applica tions

Books Suggested 1 . Introduct ion to Quantum Chemistry, A.K. Chandra , Tata McGraw Hil l. 2 . Quantum Chemistry, I .M. L evine, Prent ice Hall . 3 . Essent ials of Nuc lear Chemistry, 4 th Edit ion (1995 ), H.J . Arnikar, Wiley

Eastern , New Delhi. 4 . Nuclear & Radiochemistry, 3 rd Edit ion (1981 ), G. Fridlander, J .W. Kennedy, E.

S. Macias, and J. M. Miller, John Wiley, New York. 5 . Introduct ion to Nuclear Chemistry, B . C . Ha rvey Prent ice-Hal l (1969 ). 6 . Polymer Chemistry , Bil lma yer 7 . Polymer Chemistry , Gowar ikar 8 . Princip les of Polymerizat ion, Geroge Odian. 9 . Quantum Chemistry, B. K. Sen, Ka lyani Publ ishers 10 . Quantum Chemistry, R. Prasad, New Age Interna tiona l.

18

M.Sc. Chemistry (Previous) Semester II Organic Che mistry (General) Paper VII


Note: Eight questions will be set , two questions f rom each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates are required to a ttempt five quest ions in a ll , select ing at le ast one quest ion from each sect ion. All questions carry equal marks .

SECTION – A

Aromatic Electrophil ic Subst itution

Theoret ica l t rea tment of aromat ic substitu t ion react ions, st ructure -react iv it y rela tionship in mono substitu ted benzene r ing, or ienta tion in other r ing syst em, energy profile d iagram, Vilsmeir-Haak react ion , Reimer-T iemann react ion, Bischler - Nap ieralsk i react ion , Pechamann react ion, Houben-Hoesch reaction, Fr ies rearrangement

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution

Mechanism of Nuc leophi lic subst itution in a romatic systems via diazonium ions , by addit ion-el iminat ion and el imina t ion-add it ion machanism ( involving a rynes ); von -Richt er rearrangement , Sommelet-Hauser and S tevens rea rrangements.

General aspects of genera tion, st ructure, s tabi lity and react iv it y of arynes

SECTION-B

Aliphatic Electrophil ic Subst itution

Bimolecular mechanisms - S E2 and SEi . T he S E1 mechanism, electrophi lic subst itut ion accompanied by double bond shifts . Effect of substrates , leaving group and the solvent polarit y on the react iv ity.

Neighbouring Group Partic ipation and Carbocation Rearrangements

Anchimeric ass is tance, neighbouring group participat ion by non-bonding elect rons, sigma and -bonds, classica l and non-c lassica l carbocation, carbocat ions rearrangements, migra tory ap titudes , Wagner Meerwein rearrangement, p incol p inacolone rea rrangement , Demjanove rea rrangement , Tif feneau -Demjanove r ing expansion, a ldehyde -ketone rearrangement , dienone-phenol rea rrangement and t rans -annular rearrangements .

19

SECTION – C

Free Radicals

General aspects of genera t ion, s tructure, s tabil ity and reactiv ity of free radica ls, t ypes of free radical reactions , ha logenat ion including a l ly lic ha logenat ion (NBS), auto -ox ida tion, decomposit ion of azo compounds and peroxides, coupl ing of alkynes , homolyt ic aromatic subst itut ion, Sandmeyer reaction and Hunsdiecker react ion.

Addition to C-C Mult ip le Bond

Mechanism of addit ion of hydrogen ha lide, H2O, ha logens , HOX and mercuric sa lt to alkenes and alkynes . Hydrobora tion, formation of C-C bonds via organoboranes, hydroborat ion o f acetylenes , nucleophi lic addit ion to a lkenes.

SECTION-D

Addition to Carbon-Hetero Atoms Multip le Bonds

Hydrat ion and Addit ion of Alcohols to Aldehydes , Ketones and Acids . Addit ion -El iminat ion React ions of Ketones and Aldehydes, React ivit y o f carbonyl compounds towards Add it ion .

Mannich React ion, lith ium a luminium hydride , reduct ion of ca rbonyl compounds, acids , es te rs, n it r i les , addit ions of Grignard reagents . Reformatsky react ion, Wit tig react ion, Cla isen condensation, Dieckman reaction, Aldol condensat ion, Knoevenagal condensa t ion, Perkin react ion, Cannizzaro react ion, Benzoin condensat ion, Rob inson-Mannich react ion, Ester hydrolysis , a mino lysis of es ters , amide hydrolysis .

Books Suggested

1 . Advanced Organ ic Chemistry React ions , Mechanism and Structure , Jerry March, John Wiley.

2 . Advanced Organic Chemistry, F. A. Carey and R. J. Sundberg , P lenum. 3 . A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Peter Sykes , Longman. 4 . Structure and Mechanism in Organic Chemist ry, C. K. Ingold, Cornell

Univers it y Press . 5 . Organic Chemistry, R . T. Morrison and R. N. Boyd, Prent ice -Hal l. 6 . Modern Organic React ions , H. O. House, Benjamin. 7 . Principles of Organic Synthes is , R. O. C. Norman and J . M. Coxon, Blacki e

Academic & Pro fess iona l. 8 . Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, S. M. Mukherj i and S. P. Singh,

Macmillan.

20

M.Sc. Chemistry (Previous) Semester II Applications of Computer in Chemistry Paper VIII


Note: Eight quest ions wil l be set, two f rom sect ion A and three from each of the sect ions B & C. The candidates are required to a ttempt five quest ions in al l select ing at least one question f rom each section .

SECTION- A

Elementa ry Aspects of computer , memory size/a rch it ecture. Binary, octal & hexadecimal number systems. Using Int ernet , word processing package; Graphics Package and visua lizat ion. Introduct ion to Opera t ing system (UNIX, Windows) and programming language. Algo rithm, F low charts. Wr it ing s imple programs, convert ing a flow chart in to a program. Using graphics package p lott ing (a) y = x , x 2 , sin(x), tan(x) (b) wavefunct ions fo r s , p , and d – orbitals .

SECTION-B

Numerica l Methods: Roots of Polynomials , Solut ion of Linear s imultaneous equat ions, matrix mult ip lica tion and invers ion. Numerica l d i fferent ia t ion and integration . Sta tist ica l t rea tment of da ta , var iance and correlat ions , linear regress ion, Curve f it ting.

SECTION – C

Using ChemDraw. Writ ing programs for van der Waals equa tion, pH t it ra tion, kinet ics, radioact ive decay, evaluat ion of la tt ice energy and ionic radii from experimenta l data. Elementa ry st ructura l fea tures such as bond lengths , bond angles , dihedra l angles et c. of molecules extracted from a da tabase such as Cambridge da tabase.

Books Suggested 1. Introduct ion to Computer Science, P.K. Sinha 2 . Let Us C, Yashwant Kanetker 3 . Computa tiona l Chemistry, A.C. Norris. 4 . Programming in Fort ran 90 and 95, V. Rajaraman.

21

M.Sc. Chemis try (Previous) Semester I & II Inorganic Chemistry Practical (General) Paper IX

Time: 6 Hrs (Two sessions)


I . Qualita tive ana lysis: 30 Marks

Total f ive radicals to be given conta ining two less common meta l ions , one inso lub le and two ac id radica ls.

Less common metal ions - W,Tl,Mo,Se,Ti,Zr,Th,V,U,Ce ,Be.(two metal ions in ca tionic/anion ic forms)

Insolub les : Ha lides (AgCl, AgBr , AgI); Sulpha tes (PbSO 4,BaSO 4) and Oxides(Al 2O 3 ,Cr2O 3,SnO 2 , TiO 2 , SiO 2)

II Quantitative Analysis 15 Marks

Separat ion of the meta l ions and determinat ion of any one of them using volumetr ic/gravimet ric methods.

Cu-Ni, Cu-Zn, Cu-Al, Ca-Ba, Fe -Mg, Fe-Ni etc.

III Preparations: 10 Marks

Preparat ion of select ed inorganic compounds and their spectroscopic studies .

1 . Hg[Co(SCN) 4] 2 . Ni(dmg)2 3 . [Cu(NH 3)4 ]SO 4 H 2O 4. Prussian Blue and Turnbull 's B lue . 5 . Na[Cr(NH 3) 2(SCN)4] 6 . Mn(acac) 3 7 . [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 8 . VO(acac)2

IV Lab. Record 15 Marks

Viva-voce 10 Marks

Books Suggested

22 1 . A T ext Book of Macro and Semi-micro Quantita tive Ana lys is , A.I .Vogel, Orient

Longman. 2 . A Vogel 's Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic Ana lys is , J . Bassett , R.C. Denney,

G.B. Ja ffery and J . Menaham, Longman, London. 3 . Synthesis and Character ization of Inorganic Compounds, W.B. Jo lly, P rent ice Hal l,

Englewood. 4 . Synthesis and Phys ical Studies of Inorganic Compounds, C.F. Bel l, Pergamon

Press 5 . Inorganic Preparat ions; W.G. Pa lmer.

M.Sc. Chemistry (Prev ious) Se mester I & I I Physical Che mistry Practical Paper X


Max Marks: 80+20(IA) I Experiments

Refractometry

[1] Determine the re fract ive index of s imple organic liquids l ike methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methanol , ethanol, n-hexane, chloroform.

[2] Determine the refract iv ity and molar refract iv it y of some o rga nic l iquids l ike methyl aceta te, ethyl acetate, methanol , ethanol, n -hexane, chloroform.

[3] Det ermine the molar refract iv it ies for CH 2, C, H and Cl.

[4] Study the variat ion of refract ive index with concentrat ion for KCl solut ion and thereafter det ermine the unknown concent ra tion of g iven KCl so lut ion.

Polarimetry

[5] (a) S tudy the variat ion of angle of optica l ro ta tion with the concent ra tion of any op tical ly active substance (sucrose or glucose) and thereaft er determine the unknown concentrat ion of the same substance in given solut ion.

(b) Determine the specific and molecu la r rot at ion of sucrose or glucose at number o f concentrat ions.

[6] Study the kinet ics of invers ion of cane -sugar (sucrose) in presence of an ac id .

Potentiometry

[7] Det ermine the standard electrode potent ial of Cu and Zn.

[8] Determine the st rength of a g iven so lution of ferrous ammonium sulphate by potentiometric t it rat ion with K 2Cr 2O 7 solut ion.

23 [9] Study the precipita t ion t it rat ion between KCl and AgNO 3 potent iometr ical ly.

[10] Determine the st rength of iodide, bromide and chlor ide in a mixture by potentiometric t it rat ion with s i lver n itrate.

Conductometry

[11] Determine the st rength of s trong acid by conductometric t itrat ion with st rong base.

[12] Determine the s t rength of weak ac id by conductometric t itrat ion with s trong base.

[13] Determine the s trength of s trong acid and weak acid in a mixture by conductometric t itration with s trong base.

[14] Study prec ipita tion t it ration between KCl and AgNO 3 conductometr ica lly . Determine the s trength of g iven solut ion o f AgNO 3 .

[15] Determine the basicity of mono- , d i- and t r i-basic ac ids conductometrica lly.

[16] Determine solubi lity and solub il it y product of sparing ly so lub le sa lts like PbSO 4, BaSO 4.

pH-metry

[17] Determine the s t rength of s trong acid by pH-metr ic t it ra tion with st rong base.

[18] Determine the s t rength of weak ac id by pH-metric t it rat ion with s t rong base.

[19] Determine the d issoc iat ion constant of acet ic acid us ing pH-meter .

Chemical Kinetics

[20] Study the hydro lysis o f methyl acetate in presence of hydrochloric ac id.

[21] Study saponif ica tion of ethyl acetate by sod ium hydrox ide solution using sa me init ial concentrat ion of both the reactants.

[22] Study saponifica t ion of ethyl acetate by sodium hydroxide solut ion taking the in it ial concentrat ion of es ter and base to be dif fe rent .

Viscosity

[23] Determine the viscosity of methyl aceta te and ethyl acetate us ing Ostwald viscometer.

[24] Study the varia t ion of v iscosity with concent rat ion for a glycero l solut ion using Ostwald viscomete r and thereafter determine the concentra tion of unknown solut ion of glycerol.

[25] Determinat ion of mola r mass of a polymer .

24

Distribut ion Law

[26] Determine dis tr ibution coefficient of ammonia between chloroform and water.

[27] Determine the formu la of the complex formed between copper (II) ion and ammonia using distr ibut ion method.

Adsorption

[28] Ver ify the Freundl ich and Langmuir adsorpt ion isotherms for adsorpt ion of acet ic acid/oxalic ac id on act iva ted charcoa l.

Note: Any experiment can be int roduced or deleted in the p ractica l class on the basis of avai lability of ins truments /chemicals . Experiment: 55 Marks Lab Record: 15 marks Viva-voce: 10 marks Books Suggested

1 . Pract ica l Phys ica l Chemistry, A.M. James and F.E. Pr ichard, Longman. 2 . Findley’s Pract ical Physica l Chemistry , B.P. Lavit t, Longman. 3 . Pract ica l Phys ica l Chemistry, S .R. Pa lit and S.K. De, Science. 4 . Experimenta l Phys ical Chemistry, R .C. Das and B . Behera , Tata McGraw Hil l . 5 . Experiments in Phys ical Chemistry, D.P . Shoemaker 6 . Experiments in Phys ical Chemistry, D.V. Jahagirdhar. 7 . Senio r Pract ical Physical Chemistry by B.D. Khosla, V. Garg and A. Gulat i . 8 . Advanced Pract ica l Physica l Chemist ry, J .B. Yadav, Goel Publish ing House .

M.Sc . Chemistry (Prev ious) Se mester I & I I Organic Chemis try Practical XI



I . Purificat ion of organic compounds involving f ractiona l crysta l l iza tion, fract iona l d ist illa t ion, s team dis t i llat ion, subl imation and extract ion.

Systematic ident if icat ion of pure organic compounds: separation and ident i ficat ion of s imple b inary mix tures having acidic, basic and neutra l components. Preparat ion of their derivat ives .

25 II. Preparat ion of organic compounds involv ing two stages . Est imat ion of phenol and aniline. Determinat ion of the molecular weight of an acid by t itrat ion and by the si lver sa lt method.

III . Experiment Marks: 55

Lab record & Viva-voce Marks: 15+10

Books Suggested

1. A Hand book of Organic Analys is -Qua lita t ive and Quant itat ive by H.T. Clarke, and rev is ed by B.Haynee, Edward Arno ld, London 1975 .

2 . Vogel's Tex t Book of Pract ica l Organic Chemist ry by B.S. Furhen et. a l. , Longman-Group Ltd.

3 . Systematic Qualitat ive Organic Ana lysis by H. Middleton, Edward Arnold (Publishers) L imited , London 1959.

4 . Elementa ry Pract ical Organic Chemistry by Arthur I . Vogel, EX CBS Publishers and Dis t r ibutors.

5 . Experiments in Organic Chemist ry by Louis , F.Fieser, D.C. Hea th and Company Boston, 1955.

26

M.Sc . Chemistry (Fina l) Semester III

M.Sc. Chemistry (Final) Inorganic Chemistry (Genera l) Paper XII

Time: 3Hrs Max. Marks: 60+20(IA)

Note: Eight questions wil l be set, two from sect ion-A and three each from sect ions B

& C. T he candidates are required to at temp t five quest ions in a ll se lect ing at leas t one question from each section. Al l quest ions ca rry equal marks.

SECTION - A

Hydrosphere Chemical composition of water bodies - lakes, s t reams, r ivers and wet lands etc., Hydrologica l cyc le. Water pollution – inorganic, organ ic , pesticide, agr icu ltural, industr ia l and sewage, detergents , o il spi lls and o il pol lutants. Water qualit y parameters – dissolved oxygen , b iochemica l oxygen demand, solids , metals, cont ent of chlor ide, sulphate, phospha te, n itrate and micro -organ isms. Water qualit y standards. Atmosphere Chemica l composition of atmosphere – part icles , ions and radicals and their formation, Chemica l and photochemica l reactions in atmosphere, smog formation, ox ides of N, C, S and their ef fect, pollut ion by chemica ls, petro leum, minerals , chlorof luorohydrocarbons. Green house effect , acid rain , air pol lut ion controls and their chemistry.

SECTION - B

Metal Ions in Biological Systems

Essential and trace meta ls . Na + /K+ Pump

Role of metals ions in biological processes

Transport and Storage o f Dioxygen

27 Heme proteins and oxygen uptake, s tructure and funct ion o f hemoglobin, myog lob in, hemocyanins and hemerythrin , model synthet ic complexes of i ron and cobalt.

Electron Transfer in Bio log ical Systems

Structure and funct ion of meta lloproteins in e lectron transport processes -cytochromes and iron-sulphur prote ins , synthet ic models.

Polarography

General p rinciples , d iffus ion control led current , I lkovic equat ion (without proof), Half-wave potent ia ls , over potent ial, theor ies o f hydro gen overvoltage, (Tafel's theory / Recombinat ion theory and Volmer , Erdy & Gruss theory / theory of slow discharge of ions).

SECTION - C Vibrational Spectroscopy

Symmetry and shapes , and no. of IR modes AB 2 , AB 3, AB4 , AB 5 and AB 6 (Group Theoret ical t reatment) mode of bonding of ambidentate ligands and d iketonato complexes , applica t ion of resonance Raman spectroscopy part icula rly for the study of active s ites of meta l loprote ins.

Mössbauer Spectroscopy

Basic principles, spectra l pa rameters and spectrum d isplay. App lica tion of the technique to the s tudies of (1) bonding and st ructures of Fe + 2 and Fe+ 3 compounds including those of intermediate spin , (2) Sn +2 and Sn+ 4 compounds – nature o f M-L bond, coordinat ion number, s tructure and (3) det ect ion of oxida tion state.

Photoe lectron Spectroscopy

Basic p rinciples; photo-elect ric effect , ioniza tion process , Koopman’s theorem. Photoelect ron spectra of s imple molecules , ESCA, chemica l in format ion f rom ESCA.

Books Suggested

1. Princip les of Bioinorganic Chemist ry: S.J . Lippard and J.M. Berg, Un ivers it y Science Books.

2 . The Inorganic Chemistry of Biologica l Process; M.N. Huges; John Wiley & Sons. 3 . Environmenta l Chemistry; S.E. Manahan; Lewis Pub lisher. 4 . Environmenta l Chemistry; A.K.De, Wiley Eastern . 5 . Physica l methods in Chemistry; R.S .Drago; Saunders, Philadelphia . 6 . Text Book of Quantita tive Inorganic Ana lys is ; A.I . Vogel ELBS; London. 7 . Environmenta l Pol lut ion Ana lys is ; S.M. Khopkar, Wiley Eastern . 8 . Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy; C N Banwell; McGraw Hil l. 9 . Environmenta l Chemistry; S.K. Banerj i; Prent ice - Ha ll .

28

M.Sc. Chemis try Semester III Physical Chemistry (General) Paper XIII

Time: 3 Hrs


Note: Eight questions will be set , two from sect ion A and three f rom each of the sect ions B & C. The candida tes a re required to attemp t five questions in a ll select ing at least one question f rom each section .

SECTION – A

Unify ing Pr inc ip les Electromagnet ic radiation, Int eract ion of electromagnet ic radiat ion with matter -

absorpt ion, emiss ion , t ransmiss ion, ref lect ion, ref ract ion, d ispers ion, polar izat ion and scat tering. Uncerta inty re lat ion and na tural l ine width and line b roaden ing , transit ion probabilit ies , r esults of the t ime dependent perturbat ion theory, trans it ion moment , select ion rule, int ens it y of spectra l l ines, Born -Oppenheimer approximation, rota tiona l, v ib rat iona l and electronic energy leve ls . Microwave Spectroscopy

The rota tion of molecules, rota t iona l spec tra of r ig id d ia tomic mo lecules , intensit ies of rotationa l spectra l l ines , isotopic effect , non- rigid rotator, spectra of polya tomic l inear molecules and symmetric top mo lecules . Infrared Spectroscopy

The vibrating diatomic molecu le , force constant, zero point energy, s imple harmon ic vibra tor, anharmonicity, Morse potentia l, overtones , hot bands, diatomic vibrat ing rotators , P,Q,R branches , vibra tion of polyatomic molecules , normal mode o f vibrat ions . Fourier t ransform spectroscopy. Raman Spectroscopy

Classical and quantum theories , pure rotat ional Raman spectra of l inear molecules , vibrat iona l Raman spectra, mutua l exclusion princ iple, pola rizat ion of the l ight and Raman effect , depola rizat ion of Raman lines , techn ique.

SECTION – B

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Basic principles of NMR, theory o f nuclea r magnet ic resonance, sp in la tt ice relaxat ion, spin-spin relaxat ion, experimenta l t echniques chemica l shift , the -sca le

29 of chemical shift , the origin of sh ielding constant , pa ttern of coupl ing , or igin of sp in -sp in coupl ing, the nuc lear overhauser e ffect .

Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy

Basic principles of ESR, experimenta l technique, the g -va lue hyperf ine st ructure, applicat ions of ESR spectroscopy to the s tudy of free radicals and fas t react ions , spin densit ies and Mc Conne ll rela t ionship .

Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscpy

Basic princip les of NQR, experimenta l techniques, Zee man effect in NQR spectra , quadrupole in teract ions in molecu les , applica t ions .

SECTION – C

X-ray Crystallography Symmetry e lements in crysta ls , criteria for determining unit cell of lat t ice,

stereog raphic p roject ions , point groups ( il lust ra tion of R, R-bar, Rm, R/m, R-bar/m point groups only) , mil le r indices fo r p lanes , space latt ices , space groups P1, Pbar1, P2, P21, Pm, Pc, Cc, C2, Cm, C2 /m. Defects in crystal . Der ivation of equil ibrium concentrat ion of Schot tky and Frenke l defects .

Product ion of X-ra ys, X-ray spectra , absorp tion edges , X-ray fi lters, Reciproca l latt ice concep t and its importance, Definit ion of Recip roca l lat tice vector (derivat ion excluded). Interp lanar spacing using reciproca l lat t ice concept for cub ic, t et ragonal, orthorhombic and hexagonal crystal systems. Equivalence of Bragg’s and Laue condition. Structure factor ca lcu la t ions for p rimit ive, base-cente red , body-centered and face centered un it ce lls . Relat ion of s tructure factor to electron dens it y and intensit ies (der ivat ion excluded). Data col lec tion and data reduct ion, Phase problem – Pa tterson method and Heavy-a tom method, ref inement of st ructure by successive and difference fourier synthes is . Cor rectness o f a st ructure (Disc repancy index).

Electron d if fract ion: Basics, Measurement t echnique, Comparison with X -ra y diffract ion technique. Applicat ions in s tructure det erminat ion.

Neutron diffract ion : Basics , measurement techniques , App licat ions and comparison with X-ray diffract ion technique. Books Suggested 1. Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, C .N. Banwell , Tata McGraw Hill. 2 . Modern Spectroscopy, J .M. Ho llas, John Wiley. 3 . Basic Principles of Spectroscopy, R.Chang, McGraw Hill . 4 . Introduct ion to Mo lecular Spectroscopy, G.M. Barrow, McGraw Hil l. 5 . Physica l Method in Chemistry, R.S. Drago, Saunders Col lege. 6 . Elementa ry Crystal log raphy, L. Azarof f.

30 7 . Structure Determinat ion by X-ra y Crysta llography , M. Ladd and R. Palmer 8 . X-Ray Structure Determinat ion: A Pract ica l Guide, 2nd Edit ion by George H.

Stout and Lyle H. Jensen 9 . Essent ials of Crysta l lography, McKie & McKie, Blackwell Scient if ic

Publica tions , 1986 10 . Handbook of X-rays, Emmett and F. Kae lb se, McGraw Hill .


Organic Chemistry (General) Paper XIV Time: 3 Hrs


Note: Eight questions will be set , two s from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates a re required to at temp t five quest ions in all select ing at leas t one quest ion from each section. All quest ions carry equal marks

SECTION - A

Ultraviole t and Visible Spectroscopy

Various electronic t ransit ions (185 -800 nm), Beer-Lambert law, effect o f solvent on electronic transit ions , u lt raviolet bands for carbonyl compounds, unsaturated carbonyl compounds, d ienes, con jugated polyenes . Fieser -Woodward rules for conjugated dienes and carbonyl compounds, ult raviole t spectra of a romatic and heterocyc lic compounds. Ste ric effect in biphenyls.

Infrared Spectroscopy

Instrumentat ion and sample handling. Character is t ic v ibra tiona l frequencies o f alkanes , alkenes, a lkynes , aromatic compounds, alcohols , ethers, phenols and amines . Detai led study of v ibrat ional frequencies of ca rbonyl compounds (ketones , a ldehydes , es ters , amides , acids , anhydrides, lactones , lactams and conjugated carbonyl compounds) . Effect o f hyd rogen bonding and solvent ef fect on vib rat ional frequencies , overtones , comb ina t ion bands and Fermi resonance. FT IR, IR of gaseous, solids and polymer ic mater ia ls .

SECTION - B

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

General in t roduction and definit ion, chemical sh ift , spin -spin inte raction, shielding mechanism, mechanism of measurement, chemical sh ift values and correlat ion for protons bonded to ca rbon (aliphat ic, o lef inic, a ldehydic and aromatic) and other nuc lei (alcohols , phenols , eno ls , carboxylic acids , amines , amides & mercapto), complex sp in-sp in in teract ion between two, three, four and five nucle i (f irst order spectra),

31 sp in system-Pople nota tion, vi rtua l coup ling. Stereochemistry , concept of topicity, effect of enant iomer ic and diastereomer ic protons , h indered rota tion, Karp lus curve - va riat ion of coupling constant with dihedra l angle.Four ier t ransform technique,. Resonance of other nuclei -F, P .

Further tools for s implif icat ion (chemical and inst rumental) and elucida te st ructures by NMR including an overv iew of 2D NMR Techniques- Deuterat ion, changing solvents, t r if luoroacetylat ion, basif icat ion and acidificat ion, shift reagents , spin decoupling, COSY, DEPT , INEPT, HETCOR, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY.

SECTION - C

Mass Spectrometry

Introduct ion, ion product ion - EI, CI, FD and FAB, factors af fect ing fragmenta tion, ion analysis, ion abundance. Mass spectral fragmenta tion of organic compounds, common funct iona l groups, molecu la r ion peak, metas table peak, Nitrogen ru le, molecula r weight determinat ion molecu la r formula f rom isotopic rat io da ta, isotope profile of ha logen compounds, factors affect ing react ion pa thways, f ragmentat ion pattern - s imple c leavage, retro -Diels Alder, Hydrogen transfe r rea rrangement l ike scrambling, ortho effect , McLaffert y rea rrangement , fragmenta tion pa tterns of hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols , ethers , aldehydes , ketones , es ters , carboxylic acids, amines, n itro , amides , n it r i les .

Carbon-13 NMR Spectroscopy

General considerat ions , chemical shift (aliphatic, o lefinic, a lkyne, aromatic, heteroaromatic and carbonyl ca rbon), coup ling constants. nuc lear Overhauser e ffect (NOE).

Problems

Problems pertaining to sect ions A, B and C.

Books Suggested

1. Introduct ion to Spectroscopy- A Guide fo r S tudents of Organic Chemistry , 2 n d Edn. By Dona ld L. Pavia, Gary M. Lampman and George S. Kriz . Saunders Golden Sunburst Ser ies . Harcourt Brace Col lege Pub lishers , New York .

2 . Spectrometr ic Ident ificat ion of Organic Compounds, R. M. S ilvers te in , G. C. Bassler and T. C . Morri ll , John Wiley.

3 . Applicat ion of Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, J . R. Dyer, Prent ice Hal l. 4 . Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry, D. H. Will ia ms and I. F leming,

Tata McGraw-Hil l. 5 . Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds by P .S. Ka ls i, Wiley Estern , New Delhi. 6 . Organic Spectgroscopy by Wil liam Kemp, John Wiley. 7 . Organic Mass Spectromet ry by K.G. Das & E.P. James, Oxford & IBH

Publish ing Co .

32 8 . Organic Spectroscopy (Pr incip les & App lica tions) by Jagmohan.

M.Sc . Chemistry (Fina l) Semester III Inorganic Chemistry (Special) Paper XV

Time :3 Hrs

Max.Marks:60+20(IA)


SECTION – A

Reaction Mechanism of Transition Metal Complexes Energy p rof ile of a react ion, react iv ity of metal complexes , k inet ic app licat ion of va lence bond and crystal f ield theories , kinet ics of octahedra l subst itut ion, acid hydro lys is , factors affect ing acid hydrolys is , base hydrolysis, con jugate base mechanism, direct and indirect evidences in favour of conjuga te mechanism, anat ion react ions , react ions without metal ligand bond cleavage . Substitu tion react ions in square planar complexes, the Trans effect , mechanism o f the substitu t ion react ions .

SECTION - B

Electron Transfer Reactions

Redox react ions, electron t ransfer react ions, general d iscuss ion and k inet ic rate laws. , mechan ism of one electron transfer react ions , outer -sphere t ype react ions, cross react ions and Marcus-Hush theory, inner sphere type react ions , two electron transfer react ions , meta l ion catalysed reactions , mixed valence complexes and their elect ron t ransfer.

SECTION - C

Reactions o f metal comp lexes

React ions of meta l complexes having l igands as nitr ile, phospha te and azide. React iv it y o f coordinated hydrocarbons: a) Nucleophil ic addit ion and subst itut ion b ) Rearrangement react ions, Red is tr ibution react ions, F lux ional isomerism of organometal lics .

33

SECTION – D

Inorganic Polymers

Classif icat ion, types of inorganic polymeriza tion, comparison with organic polymers , boron-nitrogen polymers , si licones , coordination polymers , phosphorus -nitrogen compounds.

Non-aqueous Solvents

React ion in non-aqueous med ia with respect to H 2SO 4 , BrF 3 , N2O 4 and phosphoryl chloride; Kinet ics and mechanism of coordinat ion react ions in non -aqueous media.

Books Suggested

1. Mechanism of Inorganic R eactions; F.Basolo and R.G. Pearson, John Wiley and Sons, New York.

2 . Inorganic React ion Mechanism; M.L. T obe; Nelson, Wlaton and T hames

3 . Inorganic Chemistry; K.F . Purcel l, J .C. Kotz ; Holt -Sanders Internat ional Edit ions; Philade lphia .

4 . The Chemist ry of Molten Salts ; H. Bloom Benjamin, New York.

5 . Princip les and Applica t ion of Organotransi t ion Metal Chemistry , J .P . Collman, L.S. Hegsdus, J .R. Norton and R.G. F inke, Univers it y S cience Books.

6 . The Organometa ll ic Chemistry of the Transit ion Metals; R.H. Crabtree, John Wiley.

7 . Organometall ic Chemistry, R.C. Mehrotra and A. S ingh, New Age Inte rnationa l

8 . Coordina t ion Chemist ry; Banerjea ; Tata McGraw Hill.

9 . Inorganic Chemistry, A Modern Int roduction; T . Moel ler; John Wiley and Sons .

10 . Concep ts and Models of Inorganic Chemistry; B . Douglas, D.H. McDan ie l and J .J . Alexander; John Wiley and Sons Inc.

M.Sc. Chemistry (Fina l) Semester III

Inorganic Chemistry (Special) Paper XVI


34 Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The

candidates a re required to a ttempt five questions in a ll select ing a t least one quest ion from each sect ion. Al l quest ions ca rry equa l marks.

SECTION – A

Alkyls and Ary ls of Transit ion Metals

Types, routes of synthesis , s tability and decomposit ion pathways, organocopper in organic synthesis

Fluxiona l Organometallic compounds Fluxiona lity and dynamic equi libria in compound such as 2-olefin , 3 -a llyl and dienyl comp lexes , Carbonyl scra mbling.

SECTION - B

Compounds o f Transition Metal-Carbon Multiple Bonds

Alkyl idenes , alkylidynes , low va lent ca rbenes and carbynes- synthes is , nature of bond, st ructura l characterist ics , nucleophi lic and elect rophi lic react ions on the l igands, ro le in organic synthesis

Transition Metal Compounds w ith Bonds to Hydrogen

SECTION - C

Transition Metal -Complexes

Transit ion metal -complexes with unsaturated organic mo lecules , a lkenes, alkynes , ally l, d iene, d ienyl, a rene and tr ienyl complexes , prepara tions , properties , nature o f bonding and s tructural features. Important react ions re la ting to nucleophi lic and electrophi l ic at tack on l igands and to organic synthesis .

SECTION - D

Homogeneous Catalysis

Stoichiomet ric react ions for catalysis , homogeneous ca ta lyt ic hydrogenat ion, Zeigler -Nat ta polymeriza tion of o lefins , catalyt ic react ions involving carbon monoxide such as hydrocarbonylat ion of o lefins (oxo reaction), oxopalladat ion react ion s , activat ion of C-H bond.

Books Suggested

1. Mechanism of Inorganic R eactions; F.Basolo and R.G. P earson, John Wiley and Sons, New York.

2 . Inorganic Chemistry; K.F . Purcel l, J .C. Kotz ; Holt -Sanders Internat ional Edit ions; Philade lphia . .

35 3 . Princip les and Applica t ion of Organotransi t ion Metal Chemistry , J .P . Collman,

L.S. Hegsdus, J .R. Norton and R.G. F inke, Univers it y S cience Books.

4 . The Organometa ll ic Chemistry of the Transit ion Metals; R.H. Crabtree, John Wiley.

5 . Organometall ic Chemistry, R.C. Mehrotra and A. S ingh, New Age Inte rnationa l.

6 . Coordina t ion Chemist ry; Banerjea ; Tata McGraw Hill.

7 . Concep ts and Models of Inorganic Chemistry; B . Douglas, D.H. McDan ie l and J .J . Alexander; John Wiley and Sons Inc.

Or

M.SC. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER III PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY (SPECIAL) PAPER XV



SECTION - A

Quantum Mechanics-I

Problem of two electrons , exchange int eract ions . Approx imate methods: Firs t order t ime-independent perturba tion theory for non -degenera te s ta tes . Variat ion theorem and variat iona l methods. Ground and excit ed state of he lium a tom. Coupl ing of angular momentum for many e lect ron syst em, spin -orbit coupling, Mo lecular Term symbols . Born-Oppenheimer approximat ion, the hydrogen molecule ion, the hydrogen molecule , the ir symmetric and ant isymmet ric solut ion (without actua l eva luat ion of va rious integrals) .

SECTION - B

Quantum Mechanics-II

Valence bond and MO (LCAO) trea tment of hydrogen molecule. Comparison of the MO and VB trea tments and their equivalence l imit. Configurat ion Inte ract ion. Extension of MO theory to other systems- Homonuclear and heteronuclear diatomics, simple polyatomic molecules .

The p i-elect ron approx imat ion, Hucke l theory of conjugated systems. App licat ions to ethylene, butadiene, cyclobutadiene and cyc lopropenyl mo lecules. Calcu la tion of propert ies- Delocal ization energy, e lectron density , bond order.

SECTION-C

36 Quantum Mechanics - III

Time-independent perturba tion theory for degenerate systems with examples . App licat ions of Time -dependent perturba tion theory. Radiat ive t ransit ions. Einst ein coeff icients. Quantum mechan ica l theory of absorpt ion of light by mo lecules . Transit ion moment integra l. Osc il la tor st rength, ru les govern ing the t ransit ion between two energy states . Self -cons is tent f ield method. Ab init io and Semi-empirica l Methods for Closed She ll S ystems .

SECTION-D Micel les Surface act ive agents , classi ficat ion of surface act ive agents , micel l iza tion, hydrophob ic interact ion , crit ica l micellar concentra t ion (CMC), factors affect ing the CMC of surfactants, counte r ion binding to micel les, thermodynamics of micel liza tion-phase separa tion and mass action models, so lub il izat ion, emuls ions, micro emuls ion: Mechanism of format ion and their s tab il it y, reverse micelles. Micel la r catalysis .

General Properties of Liquids

Liquids as dense gases, l iquids as disordered solids , some thermodynamics relat ions , inte rnal pressure and its s ignificance in l iquids , equat ion of state, cr it ical constants, Different types of intermolecular forces in l iquids , Different potential funct ions fo r l iquids , addit iv ity of pair potent ia l app rox imation.

Books suggested:

1. Theoret ica l Chemistry , S. Glasstone, Aff il ia ted East -West Press . 2 . Quantum Mechan ics , H.L. Strauss , Prent ice Hall. 3 . Quantum Chemistry, B. K. Sen, Ka lyani Publ ishers 4 . Quantum Chemistry, R. Prasad, New Age Interna tiona l. 5 . A textbook of Phys ica l Chemistry, Vol . 4 , K.L. Kapoor, MacMil lan India Ltd. 6 . Quantum Chemistry, C.R. Ga tz, E.M. Co. 7 . P.W. Atkins and R.S. Fr iedman, Molecular Quan tum Mechanics , 3 rd edit ion

(1997 ), Oxford Univers ity Press . Oxford. 8 . H. Eyring, J .Walter and G.E. Kimbal l, Quantum Chemistry , (1944) John Wiley,

New York. 9 . I .N. Levine, Quantum Chemistry, 5 th ed it ion (2000), Pearson Educ. , Inc., New

Delhi. 10 . Micel les , Theoret ica l and Applied Aspects , V. Moroi, Plenum. 11 . Significance of liquid st ructures , H. Eyring

37

M.Sc . Chemistry (Fina l) Semester III Physical Che mistry (Spec ial) Paper XVI


Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The


SECTION – A

Statist ical Mechanics Ensemble averaging , postulates of ensemb le averaging. Micro canon ica l, canonica l and grand canonica l ensembles , cor responding dist ribution laws (using Lagrange’s method of undetermind mu lt ip liers) . Maxwell - Boltzmann stat is tics, Boltzmann d is t r ibution, derivat ion of t he Bo ltzmann dist ribut ion exp ression, determinat ion o f the Bo ltzmann constant, Maxwell d ist r ibut ion law of ve locit ies from Boltzmann d is t ribution exp ression

SECTION – B

Quantum Statist ics

The Bose-E inste in sta tist ics , stat is tics o f a photon gas , the Fermi-Dirac stat is tics , Fermi-Dirac systems, extreme gas degenerat ion, sl ight gas degenera t ion, electron gas in metals , thermion ic emiss ion and comparison of two stat ist ics , non degenera te and degenerate systems.

SECTION – C

Statist ical Thermodynamics Pa rt it ion funct ion and thermodynamic propert ies , partition function and factor iza tion of pa rt it ion funct ion, t ransla tiona l pa rt it ion funct ion, trans lat iona l

38 thermodynamic function, atoms and monoatomic molecules , Sackur-Tetrode equa tion, diatomic molecules , separat ion of internal partition function. Rota tiona l and vibrat ional energies , entropy due to internal degrees of freedom. Rotat ional pa rt it ion funct ion, rota t iona l partit ion funct ion for polyatomic molecules , v ibrat io nal pa rt it ion funct ion

SECTION -D

Determinat ion and calculat ion of thermodynamic p ropert ies i.e . internal energy, entropy, He lmho ltz and Gibbs free energy,or tho and para hydrogen states , free energy funct ions .Part it ion funct ion and equilibrium constant, effect of nuclea r sp in, isomolecular react ion, isotopic exchange react ions .Einstein theory and Debye theory of heat capacit ies of monatomic sol ids .

Non-equil ibrium Thermodynamics

General theory of non equi librium thermodynamics, entropy product ion in hea t f low, matter f low and e lect ric cur rent , the Onsager’s rec ip rocal rela t ions , their proof, t ransport parameters, thermoelectr ic effects , thermomechanica l phenomena and thermoce lls . Books Suggested 1. Introduct ion to Sta tist ical Thermodynamics , H.Dole. 2 . Theoret ica l Chemistry , S.Glasstone, Affiliated East-West Press. 3 . Thermodyna mics , Lewis and Randall. 4 . Chemical Physics , J .C. Slater. 5 . Non-equi librium Thermodynamics , C . Ka l idas

Or

M.Sc. Chemistry (Fina l) Semester III Organic Chemistry (Special) Paper XV



candidates are required to a ttempt five quest ions in al l select ing at least one quest ion from each sect ion. Al l quest ions ca rry equa l marks.

SECTION - A

Organometallic Reagents I Princip le , preparat ions, propert ies and app lica tions of the reagents of the fo llowing meta ls/non-meta ls in organic synthes is with mechanis t ic detai ls Li , Mg, Cd, Zn, Cu , S, S i, B and I

39

SECTION - B

Organometallic Reagents II

Princip le , preparat ions, propert ies and app lica tions of the reagents of the fo llowing meta ls in organic synthesis with mechanis tic detai ls Pd , Ni, Fe, Co, Rh, Cr and T i compounds

SECTION -C

Oxidation Introduct ion.Different oxida tive p rocesses .Hydrocarbons- a lkenes , aromatic r ings, sa turated C-H groups (act iva ted and unact iva ted) . Alcohols , d io ls , aldehydes , ketones , keta ls and carboxyl ic ac ids .Amines , hydrazines , and sulphides .Oxida tions with ruthenium tetraoxide , and thal l ium (III) n it rate.

SECTION –D

Reduction

Introduct ion. Dif fe rent reduct ive processes . Hydrocarbons – a lkanes, alkenes , alkynes and aromatic r ings .Carbonyl compounds – a ldehydes , ketones , ac ids and their derivat ives. Epox ides .Nitro , nit roso , azo and oxime groups.Hydrogeno lysis ,

Books Suggested 1. Modern Synthet ic React ions , H.O. House, W.A. Benzamin. 2 . Some Modern Method of Organic S ynthes is , W. Carruther , Cambridge Un iv.

Press . 3 . Advanced Organic Chemistry, React ions Mechanism and S tructure, J . March,

John Wiley. 4 . Princip les of Organic Synthes is , R.O.C. Norman and J .M. Coxon, Blackie

Academic & Profess iona l

M.Sc. Chemistry (Fina l) Semester III Organic Che mistry (Spec ia l) Paper XVI


Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the se ct ions A, B, C & D. The candidates a re required to at temp t five quest ions in all select ing at leas t one quest ion from each section. All quest ions carry equal marks .

40

SECTION - A Pericyclic Reactions Molecu la r orbita l symmetry, front ie r orbita l of ethylene , 1 ,3-butadiene, 1 ,3 ,5 -hexatriene and al lyl system class ificat ion of pericycl ic react ions , Woodward - Hoffmann correlat ion diagram. FMO & PMO approach, Electrocylic react ion - conrota tory and disrotatory motions. 4n, 4n+2, a llyl systems, Ring opening o f cyclopropyl hal ides and tosylates , cycloaddit ions-antarafacia l and suparafacia l addit ions , 4n and 4n+2 systems , 2+2 addit ion of ket enes , 1 ,3 -dipolar cyc loaddit ions and cheleotropic Reactions.

SECTION - B

Pericyclic Reactions Sigmatropic Rea rrangements-supra facia l and entarafacia l shifts of H, s igmatropic shifts involving ca rbon moiet ies , r etent ion and invers ion of con figurat ion , [3 ,3] and [5 ,5 ] sigmatropic rearrangements, deta iled t reatment of Sommelet -Hauser , Cla isen and Cope rearrangements int roduction to ene react ions . S imple p rob lems on Pericyclic react ions , Group transfers and eliminat ions .

SECTION – C Photochemistry Excitat ion and excited s ta tes , Franck-Condon Princ ip le, Jablonski diagram, energy t ransfer photsens it izat ion, quenching, quantum eff ic iency and quantum yield. Photochemistry of carbonyl compounds (Norr ish type I and type II changes , photoreact ion of cycl ic ketones , Pa terno -Buchi react ion and Photoreduca t ion. Photochemistry of o lefins and 1 ,6 -Butadiene (c is-t rans isomerisat ion, dimer isation and cycloadd it ions) . Chemistry of vis ion.

SECTION – D Photochemistry Di--methane rear rangement , enone and dienone rea rrangements , photochemistry of aromatic compounds (substitu tion, isomer iza t ion, cycl ization and cycloaddit ion react ions), Photo-Fries rearrangement , photolysis of n it r ile este rs and Barton react ion, Hoffman-Loef ller-Freytag react ion. Application o f photochemistry - photosynthesis , phototherapy.

Or


Pharamceutical Chemistry (Special) Paper XV Time: 3 Hrs

Max. Marks: 60+20(IA) Note: Eight questions will be set , two f rom each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates a re required to at temp t five quest ions in all select ing at leas t one quest io n from each section. All quest ions carry equal marks .

SECTION – A

41

Synthon approach-I Def in it ion of te rms- Disconnect ion, synthons, funct iona l group interconvers ions (FGI) , synthet ic equiva lents . Genera l p rinciples of the disconnect ion a pproach, the importance of order of events in organic synthesis , one group C-X and two group C-X, One group C-C disconnect ions-a lcoho ls and ca rbonyl compounds, chemoselect iv ity, reversa l of pola rity , amine synthesis .

SECTION - B Synthon approach-II Two group C-C disconnect ions -1,3 & 1,5-difunct ional ized compounds, Stereochemistry in organic synthesis -s tereoselect iv it y, s tereospecificity, regiose lect iv ity and regiospecificity Synthon approach in the synthes is of the fol lowing drugs : Salbutamol , Propanolol, moxnidazole, naf imidone, dr ildone, belfos ih . Ocfentani l, afornine Princip le of protect ion of a lcohol ic, amino, carbonyl and carboxylic groups

SECTION – C Systematic (Hantzsch-Widman) nomenclature for monocylic and fused ring systems. Methods of synthes is and Reactions including mechanism of the fol lowing five -membered 1 ,2- and 1 ,3-heterocycles : pyrazole, imidazole, oxazole, isooxazole, thiazole, isothiazole; their basic character .

SECTION – D Methods of synthesis and React ions including mechanism of the fo llowing s ix -membered heterocycles : pur ines and pyr imidines . Caffeine, xanthine, theob romine, theophyl line Methods of synthesis and React ions inc lud ing mechanism of -Indo les , quino lines and isoquinolines Flavanoids : Occurrence, nomenc lature and general methods of s tructure determina tion, isolat ion, importance and synthesis of Cyanin, Quercetin , Diadzein and Chrysin. Books Suggested: 1 . Des igning Organic S ynthes is , S .Warren, Wiley. 2 . Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthes is , W. Carruthers, Cambridge Un iv.

Press . 3 . Modern Synthet ic React ions , H.O.House, W.A. Benzamin. 4 . Advanced Organic Chemistry React ions , Mechanisms a Structu res , J. March,

Wiley. 5 . Advanced Organic Chemistry Part B. F .A. Carey and R.J . Sundberg, P lenum

Press .

42 6 . Organic Chemistry, Vol . 2 , I .L. F inar, ELBS.

M.Sc . Chemistry (Fina l) Semester III Pharamceutica l Chemistry (Special) Paper XVI


Note: Eight questions will be set , two f rom each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates a re required to at tempt five quest ions in a ll select ing at leas t one quest ion from each section. All quest ions carry equal marks .

SECTION – A

General mode of ac tion, Medicinal Uses and Synthesis of Important Drugs in the Following Categories . Antineop las tic Agents : Metastas is, class if ication , mode of act ion of a lkyla t ing agents ( synthes is of mepha lan, th iotepa, busulfan, lomust ine) and ant imetabolites ( synthesis of methotrexate, 5-fluorou rac il, 6 -mercaptopurine) , hormone based therapies, p lant products, radiotherapeutic agents. Taxol rea la ted compounds. Ant iv iral agents : RNA and DNA viruses , An introduct ion to AIDS, how HIV infects the system, mode of action of nucleoside reverse t ranscriptase inhibitors- AZT, ddI, ddC, d4T & 3TC and HIV-protease inhibitors -Ritonavir . Synthesis of AZT An overview of HIV entry inhibitors , In tegrase inhib itors , Chemok ine recep tor b inders , Inhib itors of gp41 fusion act iv it y Ant imala ria ls: Cinchona a lkalo ids , 4 -aminoquinol ines , 8 -aminoquinol ines , Mef loquine, 9 -aminoacr id ines . Synthes is of Metaquine, chloroquine, primaquine

SECTION – B -lactam ant ibiot ics Penic il lins : Discovery, mode of act ion , SAR, Penici l lins and semi -synthet ic penic il lins , problems of sensit ivit y to acids , -lactamases and narrow spectrum o f activ ity; solving these problems leading to the deve lopment of pen ic il lin V, oxacil lin, cloxaci ll in , ampicill in , amoxyc il lin, carbenici ll in and ca rfeci l lin; - lactamase inhibitors-Clavulanic acid, Olivanic acids

43 Cephalosporins: C lass if icat ion, SAR, synthes is of cephalosporin-C, recent advances of fourth generat ion cephalosporins Sulfonamides-SAR, mode of act ion. Su lfani lamide analogs - synthesis of Sulfathiazole, sulfadiaz ine , su lfacetamide Tetracyclins and aminoglycosides- Structure, mode of action, SAR, s t reptomycin, neomycin, gentamycin; Macrol ides- mode of act ion, erythromycin, azithromycin; Synthesis of chloramphen icol Quinolones , f luoroquinolones- Structure, mode of action, synthes is of na lidixic acid and cip rof loxacin Lincomycins

SECTION – C

Prostaglandins: Genera l Introduct ion, nomenclature of p rostaglandins and eicosanoid biosynthes is Non-Steroida l ant i- inflammatory agents : Classifica tion, mode of act ion , COX-2 inhibitors , salol principle Synthesis of celecoxib , valdecox ib, asp irin , phenbutazone, mefanamic ac id , indomethacin , p iroxicam, d ic lofenac, Naproxen Antipyret ic-Ana lgesics : opoid antagonis ts and agonists -code ine and heroin), synthesis of meper id ine , methadone, dex tropropoxyphen

SECTION – D

Antifert i lity agents : Ovula tion inhibito rs and rela ted hormonal contracept ives - norethindrone , norethynodrel, es t radiol and mest ranol .Recent Advances Antihypert ens ive agents : Classi fica tion, Hypertension, Renin-Angiotens in system, mode of act ion, Calcium channel b lockers, ACE inhib itors and -b lockers, centra lly acting adrenergic drugs , Periphera lly act ing sympatholyt ics - Synthesis of a tenolol, clonidine, methyldopa , guanabenz , di lt iazem, captop ril, enalapri l . Books Suggested: 1 . Wilson and Gisvold's Text book of Organic Medicina l and Pharmaceut ica l

Chemistry, Ed . Robert F . Dorge. 2 . Burger 's Medicina l Chemistry and Drug Discovery Vo l- I Ed. M.E. Wolf, John

Wiley. 3 . Goodman and Gilman's Pharmacologica l Basis of Th erapeutics , McGra w-Hill . 4 . Organic Chemistry Vo l. -2 I.L. Finar, ELBS

44

M.Sc. Chemistry (Final) Semester IV

M.Sc. Chemis try Inorganic Chemistry (Special) Paper XVII

Time: 3 Hrs



SECTION - A

Errors and Evaluation

Def in it ion of terms in mean and median . Precis ion-standard deviation, relat ive standard devia tion. Accuracy-absolute er ror, r elat ive error. Types of error in experimenta l data-determina te (syst ematic ), indeterminate (or random) and gross. Sources of erro rs and the effects upon the analyt ica l results . Methods fo r report ing analyt ica l data. S tat ist ica l eva luat ion of data-indeterminate errors. Signif icance of the F test , the student ‘t ’ t est and the Chi -test .

Nephelometry and Turbidimetry

Theory - light s cat tering, choice and comparison between nephelometry and turb idimetry , factors a ffect ing measurement , inst rumentation , app licat ions

SECTION - B Sewage and fer ti lizers

Sewage trea tment , Biochemistry of sewage, fert ilize rs - Nit rogen; ammonif icat ion , n it r if ica t ion, denit r if icat ion, f ixat ion o f n it rogen, b iochemistry and ecology of n it rogen f ixat ion, n it rogen and phosphorus fert il izers in agriculture, eutrophica tion, surfactants - cat ionic, anionic and non ionic, specific p roperties , degradat ion.

45 Ana lysis o f a ir pol lutants

Biochemical effect of As and Heavy metals such as Cd, Pb and Hg.

Molecular luminescence Fluor imetry and Phosphorimetry: Introduct ion, princ iples of f luorescence and phosphorescence, interp retat ion of f luorescence spectra, factors , f luorescence intensit y and concentrat ion, inst rumentat ion for f luorimetry , app lica tions of f luo rimetry.

Phosphorimetry , ins t rumenta tion, applica tions , comparison between fluor imetry and phosphorimetry

SECTION - C

Chromatography

General princ iples , types of chromatography, ab sorpt ion chromatography, pa rt it ion chromatography, vapour phase chromatography, paper and thin layer ch romatography, reta rdation factor, retent ion vo lume, mechanism and e ff ic iency of s eparat ions .

Ion-Exchange

General principles , ion exchangers -na tural and synthet ic, ion -exchange capacity, purifica tion of water and other applicat ions.

Solvent Extraction

General Principles , extract ion coeff ic ients , Batch, cont inuous, and counter c urrent ex tract ions, applicat ions.

SECTION -D

Ion selec tive electrodes

Fundamental t ypes of electrodes , gas sensors , ion s ensors and enzyme electrodes , pr inc ip le involved in measurements with ion select ive elect rodes with special reference to ha lide, sulphide and oxygen electrodes .

Thermal Techniques

Thermogravimetry , d ifferent ia l thermal analysis (DTA) and different ia l scanning ca lorimet ry (DSC) princip les and applica t ions .

Books Suggested

1. A Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Ana lysis , A. I. Vogel; ELBS, London.

2 . Environmenta l Solut ion Analysis; S .M. Khopkar, Wiley Eastern .

3 . Fundamentals of Analyt ica l Chemistry; D.A. Skoog, O.M. West and F.J . Ho ller; W.B. Saunders .

4 . Instrumenta l methods of Analys is ; L.L. Merits , R.H. Wil lard and J .A. Dean ; Van Nostrand-Reinhold.

5 . Physica l methods in Chemistry; R.S . Drago; Saunders .

46 6 . Dynamics of Chromatography Part I .; J .C. Gidding; Dekker, New York .

7 . Environmenta l Chemistry; S.K. Banerj i , Prent ice - Ha ll .

M.Sc. Chemis try Semester IV Inorganic Che mistry (Spec ia l) Paper XVIII

Time: 3 Hrs



SECTION -A

Electro analy tical methods of Ana lysis

Electrogravimetry: Current-voltage relat ionship dur ing an elect rolys is , decomposit ion potential, constant current electrolysis , constant cathode potent ial elect rolys is, apparatus, elect rodes , mercury cathode , app lica t ions physica l propert ies of electrolyt ic precipita tes , chemica l factors of importance in elect rodeposit ion.

Electro lyt ical methods without cathode potential cont ro l

Coulometric ana lysis : Coulometric methods of constant electrode potent ia l and coulometric t itrat ions . Apparatus and applicat ions .

Amperometr ic t it ra tions , anodic st r ipping vol tammetry, and cyclic voltammetry

SECTION -B

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

General princip les , resonance line , it s na tural width, Doppler effect , broadening due to pressure, Hol low cathode lamp. Applicat ion to a lkal i and a lka line earth meta ls.

Flame photometry

Theory of f lame photometry, f lame temperature, Emission Flame photometry - intensit y of spectral l ines , se lect ion of op timum working conditions , applicat ion of f lame photomet ry in trace metal analys is .

SECTION -C

47 Spectrophotometry and Co lorimetry

Fundamental concep ts , ins trumentat ion for absorption measurements , interferences, applica tion of absorpt ion spectroscopy and Colorimetry to ana lysis of inogganic substance.

Nuclear magnetic Resonance

Basic Pr incip le of NMR, Nuclear relaxat ion, Factors affect ing nuclea r relaxa tion, effect of chemica l exchange on spectrum and evaluat ion of reaction rate of fas t react ions , Doub le resonance, Lanthanide shif t reagents , an overv iew of NMR of other nuclides with emphasis on 3 1P, 1 9F, 1 9 5Pt and 1 19Sn NMR. App licat ion in ino rganic chemistry

SECTION -D

Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy

Hyperf ine coupling, spin polar iza tion for atoms and t ransition metal ions, sp in -orbit coupling and s ignif icance of g-tensor, applica tion to t ransit ion metal complexes (having one unpa ired electron) and inorganic free radicals such as PH 4 , F2

- and [BH3] -. Double resonance in EPR.

Circular Dichroism and Optical Rota tory Dispersion

Polarized l ight , fundamental symmetry requirements , fo r op tica l act iv ity, inte ract ion of polarized light with opt ica l ly active matter, opt ica l ro tat ion, Cot ton effect , con figurat ion o f Tris-che la ted complexes.

Books Suggested

1. A Textbook of Quantita tive Inorganic Ana lysis , A. I. Vogel; ELBS, London.

2 . Fundamentals of Analyt ica l Chemistry; D.A. Skoog, O.M. West and F.J . Ho ller; W.B. Saunders .

3 . Instrumenta l methods of Analys is; L.L. Merrit , R.H. Willard and J .A. Dean; Van Nostrand-Reinhold.

4 . Physica l methods in Chemistry; R.S . Drago; Saunders .

5 . Dynamics of Chromatography Part I .; J .C. Gidding; Dekker, New York .

6 . NMR, NQR, EPR and MB Spectroscopy in inorganic Chemist ry, R.V. Parish , El lis Horwood .

7 . Modern Optical Methods of Ana lysis; E.D. Olgen; McGraw Hill .

8 . Introduct ion to Magnetic Resonance; McLachan and Carrington; Chapman and Hal l.

48

M.Sc. Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Inorganic Chemistry (Special) Paper) XIX

Time: 3 Hrs



SECTION – A

Metal Storage Transport and Biomineraliza tion

Ferr it in, transferrin, and s iderophores

Calcium in Bio logy

Calcium in liv ing cells, t ransport and regu la tion, molecular aspects of intramolecular processes , extra cellu lar b inding proteins

Coenzyme vitamin B 1 2 , v itamin B 6 .

SECTION - B Metalloenzymes

Zinc enzymes – carboxypept idase and ca rbonic anhydrase, a lka l ine phosphatase and a lcohol dehydrogenase, Copper enzymes – superoxide dismutase. Molybdenum oxatransferase enzymes – xanthine oxidase

SECTION - C

Supramolecular Chemistry

Concep ts and language.

a) Molecu la r recognition: Molecular recep tors for d ifferent t ypes of molecu les including anionic substrates , des ign and synthesis of co-receptor molecu les and mult ip le recogn it ion.

b) Supramolecular react iv ity a nd catalysis .

49 c) Transport processes and carr ier design.

d) Supramolecular devices .

Some example of sel f-assembly in supramolecula r chemistry

SECTION-D

Princ iples o f Bio -Inorganic Medic ine

Evaluat ion of modern therapeut ica l, means of admin is ter ing chemica ls to humans, concentra t ion effects , and dose -response relat ionsh ip , future developments and trends in bio-inorganic therapy

Metals in Medicine

Metal de ficiency and disease, toxic effects of metals , meta ls used for d iagnos is and chemotherapy with part icular reference to ant icancer drugs

Books Suggested

1. Princip les of Bioinorganic Chemistry , S.J . Lippard and J.M. Berg , Un ivers it y Science Books.

2 . Bioinorganic Chemistry , I . Bert in i , H.B. Gray, S.J. Lippard and J.S. Va lent ine, Univers it y Science Books .

3 . Supramolecular chemistry , J.M. Lehn , VCH.

4 . The inorgan ic Chemistry of Biological Processes; M.N. Huges, John Wiley and Sons.


Inorganic Chemistry (Special) Paper XX



SECTION - A

Photochemistry

Absorp tion, excita tion, photochemica l laws , quantum yie ld , elect ron ica lly excited states- life t imes-measurements of the t imes.

Radiative and Non-radiative Processes

Energy d iss ipat ion by radiat ive and non radia tive p rocesses , b imolecu la r quenching, ab sorpt ion spectra, Franck condon principle , photochemica l k inet ics , photochemical stages-primary and secondary.

50

SECTION-B

Excited States of Metal Complexes

Electronical ly excit ed states o f metal complexes : charge-t ransfer spectra, charge t ransfer t ransit ion , photosubst itut ion react ions , photorearrangements , photoisomer isat ion , photoredox processes condit ions of exc ited states to be usefu l redox reactant Il lust rat ion of some reduc ing and oxidis ing character o f Ru(2+) tr is -bipyramidal complex. Transformation of chemica l energy into light energy

Metal Complex Sensitizers

Metal complex sensit izer , photosensit ised react ions in meta l complexes , wa ter photolysis , n it rogen fixat ion and ca rbon dioxide reduction

SECTION - C

Solid State-I

Crysta lline and non-c rystall ine mate rials , g lass t ransit ion temperature Tg and melt ing temperature Tm, classes of compounds of the type A 2 B3 and AB 3 Glass-cera mics , st ructures of polymers , g lass and ceramics inorganic chains and r ings .

Al loys- interst it ia l, substitu tiona l and superconduct ing, Meissner effect , Hume -Rothery ru les .

SECTION - D

Solid State-II

Perfect and imper fect crystals , int rins ic and extrins ic defects , point defects , l ine and plane defects , vacancies- schot tky defects and Franke l defects, colou r centers , non-s t ioch iometry and defects.

Metals, insulators and semiconductors, electronic st ructure of sol ids- band theory, band s tructure of meta ls, insulators and semiconductors . Intrins ic and extrins ic semiconductors , dop ing semiconductors , p -n junct ions , superconductors , Opt ical and Magnet ic propert ies .

Books Suggested

1. Concep ts of Inorganic Photochemistry , A.W. Adamson and P.D. F leischauer, Wiley.

2 . Photochemistry of coo rdina tion compounds, K.Balzani and V.Carass ti, Academic press .

3 . Elements of Ino rganic Photochemistry; G.J. Ferraudi, Wiley.

4 . An Introduction to Crysta l Chemistry; R.C. Evans, Cambridge Univers ity Press .

5 . Introduct ion to sol id s ta te Physics ; C .Kittel , Wiley New York.

51 6 . Solid Sta te Chemistry; N.B. Hannay; Prent ic

Or


Physical Chemistry (Special) Paper XVII Time: 3 Hrs


Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candida tes are required to at tempt five quest ions in al l se lect ing at least one question from each sect ion. All questions carry equal marks .

Section – A

Polymers

Recapitula tion of basics of polymers and polymerizat ion. Properties o f commerc ia l polymers: Polyethylene, polyvinylchlor ide, polyamides, polyesters , phenol ic res ins, epoxy res ins and s ilicon polymers . B iodegradable polymers: Types of degradab le polymers , Chemical and biodegradat ion. Applica tions of degradable polymers . Dendr imers , Hyperb ranched – star polymers and Plas ticizers. Polymer composit es.

Glass transit ion t emperature (Tg) , factors inf luencing the glass transit ion temperature, importance of g lass transit ion t empera ture Tg and molecula r weight , Tg and melt ing point . Brief d iscuss ion on crysta ll ization in polymers , amorphous polymers .

Section – B

Thermodynamics of Po lymer Solutions

Average end-to -end d is tance, average radius of gyrat ion of polymer chains , stat is tica l d ist r ibution of end-to-end d imensions , freely jo int ed cha in in three dimens ions , inf luence of bond angle res tr ictions . Discussion about Gaussian chain model, the wormlike chain mode l.

Entropy of mixing and entha lpy of mixing by lat tice model , F lory Huggins latt ice theory, l imitat ions of lat t ice mode l, entropy of mixing by free vo lume theory,

52 heat and free energy of mixing, pa rt ia l mola r quant it ies i.e. , chemica l potent ia l, heat of di lu t ion and partial molar entropy o f mix ing, exc luded volume, thermodynamic rela tions for d ilute polymer solut ions .

Section – C

Phase transit ion p henomena in po lymer solut ions

Introductory discuss ion about Phase transit ion phenomena in polymer solut ions (phase separation, hydrat ion, associat ion , gelat ion).

Determination of Molecular Mass of Polymers

Molecu la r mass determina tion of polymers . Sedimentat ion or ultracentri fugat ion: Sedimenta t ion ve locit y method , sed imenta tion equil ibrium method . Light scat te ring: Sca tter ing of l ight by small molecu les and polymer solut ions , asymmetr ic scat tering, Debye method, Zimm plot method, comparison of Zimm and Debye method , Small angle X-ray Sca tter ing , determina t ion of molecu la r mass by Gel Permeat ion Chromatography.

Section – D

Advanced Statistica l Mechanics

Real gases , in termolecula r potentia l and vir ia l coeff ic ients .

Structure o f l iquids-definit ion of d ist r ibut ion and cor re lat ion funct ions, Thermodyna mic funct ions of a f lu id and radia l dist r ibut ion funct ion, Potent ia l of mean force and superposition approximat ion, Kirkwood integral equation. Spectroscopic techniques for liqu id dynamic structure studies .Theory of Brownian motion, Langevin theory, Fokker-Planck equa tion and Chandrasekhar equat ion. Books Suggested

1 . Polymer Chemistry , P.J . F lory. 2 . Physica l Chemist ry of Polymers, A.Tager. 3 . Physica l Chemist ry of Macromolecules , C .Tanford. 4 . Polymer Chemistry by Gowalikar 5 . Scaling Concepts in Polymer Phys ics , Pier re-Gilles Gennes 6 . Introduct ion to Polymers , Th ird Edit ion, Robert J . Young and Peter A. Lovel l 7 . Polymer Phys ics (Chemistry) , M. Rubinste in, Ralph H. Colby 8 . Stat is tica l Mechanics by Donald A McQuarr ie

M.Sc . Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Physical Chemis try (Special) Paper XVIII

Time: 3 Hrs

53

Max. Marks: 60+20(IA) Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The


SECTION-A

Solid State Chemistry

Free electron theory of meta ls, Quantum mechanical t rea tment exp la ining th e orig in of band gaps, density of s ta tes , Band theory, Bloch theorem, Bri llou in zones, effect ive mass of charge carriers , Semiconductors : Direct and indirect band gap semiconductors , hole concep t, temperature dependence of mobi lity, free ca rr ie r concentrat ion in int rins ic and extrins ic semiconductors, mass active law, Generat ion of ca rr iers and their recombinat ion in semiconductors. Types of junct ions (metal -semiconductor, semiconductor -semiconductor, junct ions in o rganic materials), Sur face and int er face states, Analysis of p -n junct ion including I-V charact er is t ics .

SECTION-B

Renewable energy sources

Renewab le energy resources: Biomass-Biofue ls , Hydrogen, Solar energy. Related environmenta l and economical issues .

Int roduct ion to Photovolta ics . Basic PV system design. Design and physics of sola r cel ls , I-V character ist ics , ex terna l and internal quantum eff ic iency. Thermodyna mics of light convers ion. So la r radiat ion and convers ion eff ic iency. Factors influencing solar cel l eff ic iency. Futu re trends in PV energy conversion. Silicon sola r cel ls , alterna t ives to s il icon, III -V materia ls for so la r cel ls , th in fi lm sola r cells and third generat ion sola r cells . Concentra tor photovoltaics. Thermodyna mic limit of l ight concentrators . Photovolta ics storage syst em.

SECTION –C

Advanced Electrochemistry

Advanced concepts : Overpotent ial concep t, Exchange current density, Butler -Volmer equa tion, Polarizable and non-polar izable interfaces . Tafel equat ions. Electrochemical Processes: Dif fe rence between k inet ica lly and mass t ransport control led electrochemica l processes. Difference between s ing le s tep and mult ip le s tep electrode react ions . Br ie f int roduct ion and applicat ions of var ious e lect rochemica l methods: Pr inc ip le of electrochemica l meth ods such as chronoamperometry, cyclic voltammetry, chronopotent iomet ry, coulometry, ac-impedance, spectroelectrochemistry and hydrodynamic methods . Electrocatalysis : Introduct ion to electroca ta lys is . Homogeneous and het erogeneous electrocatalysis .

54

SECTION-D

Applied Electrochemistry

Corrosion: Forms of co rrosion, Corrosion monitoring and p revent ion methods. Bat teries and Fuel cells : Introduct ion. Nanostructured and surface modif ied electrodes: In troduct ion and the ir applica t ions . Environmental ly or i ented electrochemistry: Electrochemistry of wa ter splitt ing, elect ro lys is of sea water, electrochemica l reduct ion of CO 2 , E lectrochemical s ewage d isposal, e lectrochemical decontamina t ion of soil.

Ion Selective Electrodes

Electrica l Propert ies of membrane, g lass e lec trode with spec ia l reference to H + , Na+ , K+ ions , operation of so lid membrane elect rode, operat ion of l iquid membrane electrode , coated t ype ion electrode, Applica t ions of ion se lect ive electrode in determinat ion o f some toxic metals and some anions (F - , C l - , Br -, I - and NO 3

- ) .

Books Suggested 1. Princip les of the Sol id State, H.V. Keer, Wiley Eastern. 2 . Solid Sta te Physics , C.Kit tel , John Wiley 3 . Solid Sta te Physics by Neil W. Ashcroft and N. David Mermin 4 . The Physics of So lar Ce lls (Propert ies of Semiconductor Materials) by Jenny

Nelson 5 . Physics of Sola r Cells : F rom Basic Princ iples to Advanced Concep ts (Phys ics

Textbook) by Peter Würfe l 6 . Optoelectronics of Sola r Cells (SP IE Press Monograph Vol. PM115) , Greg P.

Smestad 7 . Electrochemical Methods: Fundamenta ls and Applica tions , 2 nd Ed., A. J . Bard

and L. R. Faulkner John Wiley & Sons: New York, 2002. 8 . Modern Electrochemistry 1 : Ion ics 2nd Ed., Springer (1998 ), J . O’ M. Bockris

& A. K. N. Reddy. 9 . Modern Elect rochemist ry 2B: Electrodics in Chemistry, Eng ineer ing, Bio logy

and Environmental Science 2nd Ed. , Springer (2001), J . O’ M. Bockris & A. K. N. Reddy.

10 . Modern Elect rochemist ry 2A: Fundamentals of E lectrodics 2nd Ed., Sp ringer (2001 ), J . O’ M. Bockris, A. K. N. Reddy and M. E. Gamboa -Aldeco.

11 . Instrumenta l methods of analysis :Willa rd , Merr it t & Dean 12 . Advanced Analyt ical Chemistry: Meiter and Thomas 13 . Instrumenta l methods of chemical analys is : Braun 14 . Princip les of Inst rumenta l analysis, 5 th edit ion, D. A. Skoog, F. J . Hol ler, T. A.

Nieman, Brooks Cole.

55

M.Sc . Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Physical Che mistry (Spec ial) Paper XIX




SECTION - A Thermal Methods of Analysis -I

Introduct ion to thermal ana lysis , TG and DT G, s ta tic thermogravimetry and dynamic thermogravimetry , Instumenta tion, thermogram, factors a ffect ing thermograms, applicat ion of thermogravimet ry. React ion kin et ics–Kinet ics by s ingle and mu lt ip le heating rates . Different ia l the rmal ana lys is , DTA theories , DTA curves , factors a ffect ing DTA curves , Ins trumentat ion, app lica tions of DTA, simultaneous determinat ion in thermal ana lysis. Correla tion of DT A and TGA data with examples .

Differential Scanning Calor imetry (DSC)

Introduct ion, Inst rumenta tion, Power compensated DSC, Heat Flux DSC, DSC -curves, factors af fecting DSC cu rves , applica tions .

SECTION – B Material Che mis try

Def in it ion of nanomateria ls, various techniques for the p repara tion of

nanomater ia ls ,Thermodynamics and Kinet ics of Nuc leat ion , Thin Films and Langmuir -Blodgett f ilms - P reparation techn iques , evaporation/sput tering, chemica l processes , MOCVD, sol-gel . Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) fi lm, growth techn iques , photol ithography, propert ies and applica tions of th in and LB f ilms.

56

Electronic s tructure and propert ies o f nanomateria ls, opt ica l, elect rica l and magnet ic p ropert ies, d if fusion and chemica l behaviour, app licat ions of nanomaterials .

SECTION – C Photochemistry

Revis ion o f basic concepts of photochemistry, Life t imes of excited electronic states of atoms and molecules . Charge t ransfer transit ions

The Frank-Condon princ iple, emiss ion spectra , environment effect on absorpt ion and emiss ion spect ra, Wigner’s spin conservat ion rule.Modes of decay of excited s ta tes , quenching of f luorescence, delayed fluorescence, col lisional quenching, Stern–Vo lmer equa tion. Excimer and exciplex format ion and decay.

Techniques for the s tudy of transient spec ies in photochemica l react ions .Lasers in photochemica l k inet ics .

Examples of supramolecular photochemist ry (Vis ion, Photosynthes is) and photochemical supramolecular devices

SECTION – D Biophysical Chemistry

Chemical bonds in biological systems; Propert ies of water; Thermodynamic principles in biological systems; Thermodynamics of B iopolymer So lut ions , osmotic pressure, membrane equi librium, muscular contract ion and energy generat ion in mechanochemical system.

Introduct ion to prote in fo ld ing p rob lem.

Cel l Membrane and Transport of Ions: Structure and funct ions of cell membrane. Act ive t ransport across cel l membrane, irreversible thermodynamics t rea tment of membrane transport .

Opt ical methods and applicat ions: Opt ical techn iques in biological systems : Absorp tion spectroscopy, F luorescence spectroscopy, Linear and Circu la r Dichro ism.

Books Suggested 1. Fundamentals of Photochemist ry, K.K. Rohtagi & Mukherjee , Wiley Eastern . 2 . Photochemistry, J .G. Ca lvert and J .N. P itts, Wiley. 3 . Photochemistry and Spectroscopy, J .P. Simons, Wiley Int erscience. 4 . Princip les and App licat ions of Photochemistry by Brian Wardle 5 . Instrumenta l methods of analysis :Willa rd , Merr it t & dean 6 . Advanced Analyt ical Chemistry: Meiter and Thomas 7 . Instrumenta l methods of chemical analys is : Braun 8 . Princip les of Biochemistry, A.L.Lehn inger , Worth Publishers . 9 . Biochemistry, L.Stryer, W.H.Freeman.

57 10 . Biochemistry, J .David Ra wn, Neil Pa tterson . 11 . Biochemistry, Voet and Voet , John Wiley. 12 . Outlines of Biochemistry, E.E.Conn and P.K.Stumpf, John Wiley. 13 . Bioorgan ic Chemistry: A Chemica l Approach to Enz yme Act ion, H.Dugas

and C. Penny, Springer-Ver lag. 14 . Macromolecules : S tructure and Funct ion, F.Wold , Prent ice Hall . 15 . Biophysica l Chemist ry, Vol. 1 -3 , C. R . Cantor & S chimmel 16 . Physica l Biochemist ry: Applicat ions to Biochemist ry and Molecu la r Biology by

D. M. Freife lder 17 . Biophysica l Chemistry: Pr inciples and Techniques by A. Upadhyay, Himalaya

Publish ing House

M.Sc . Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Physica l Chemistry (Special) Paper XX

Time: 3 Hrs



SECTION-A Advanced Chemical Kinet ics

London-Eyr ing-Polanyi method of calculat ion of energy of act ivation. App licat ion of act ivated complex theory of reaction ra tes .Tempera ture dependence o f pre-exponential factor. Thermodynamic aspects of react ion rates .Kassel’s theory (RRK), Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory, unimolecular react ions and its va lid ity.

SECTION-B Reaction Dynamics

Molecu la r beams, pr inc ip le of crossed -molecula r beams. Molecu la r encounters and principal pa rameters , e .g . Impact parameter , Coll is ion c ross-sect ion, React ion cross-s ect ion and relat ion between react ion cross-sect ion and react ion rate (s ingle veloc it y) . Dependence o f col lis iona l cross -s ect ion on trans la tiona l energy.

Probing the transit ion s tate, Dynamics o f ba rrie rless chemical k inet ics in solut ion, dyna mics of unimolecu lar react ions .

Solut ion Kinet ics Ion- ion react ion, ion-dipole react ion and enzyme kinet ics (effect of pH and

temperature). Lineweaner-Burk plot for the ana lysis of enz ymolysis. React ions between polar molecules , k inet ic sa lt , sa lt effect .

58

SECTION-C Kinet ics o f Fast Reactions

General t reatment of cha in react ion , apparent act iva tion energy of chain react ions , cha in lengths , theor ies of branching chain and explosion (hydrogen -oxygen react ion) . Modern techniques in gas phase and in solut ion, f lash photolysis , f low methods, re laxat ion techniques (temperature jump, pressure jump) and shock tube technique.

SECTION-D Liquid Crystals Mesmorphic behaviour, thermotropic l iquid crysta ls, posit iona l o rder, bond orientationa l order , nematic and smect ic mesophases; smect ic – nematic t ransit ion and clea ring temperature – homeotropic, p lanar and schl ie ren tex tures , twisted nematics , chirals nematics , molecula r arrangement in smect ic A and smect ic C phases, op tica l propert ies of liquid crysta ls . Dielectric suscept ibi l it y and dielect ric constants. Lyotropic phases and their descr ipt ion of order ing in l iquid crystals .

Books Suggested 1 . Theoret ica l Chemistry , S. Glasstone, Aff il ia ted East -West Press . 2 . Micel les , Theoret ica l and Applied Aspects , V. Moroi, Plenum. 3 . Materia l Science Engineering, W.D. Cal l is ler , J r . 4 . Chemical Kinet ics, K.J. La id ler, McGraw Hil l 5 . Theories o f Chemica l React ion Ra tes , K.J. La idler , McGraw Hil l. 6 . Theory of Ra te Process es, S . Glasstone , K.J . Laidler and H. Eyring, McGraw

Hill . 7 . React ion Kinetics Oxford P ress (1997), M. J . Pil ling and P. W. Seakins . 8 . Thermotropic Liquid Crystals , G.W. Gray, John Wiley. 9 . Handbook of Liquid Crysta ls , Kelkar and Hatz, Chemie Verlag. 10 . Significance of liquid st ructures , H. Eyring

Or

M.Sc. Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Organic Chemistry (Special) Paper XVII


Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates are required to at tempt five ques tions in a ll, \ s elect ing atleast one question from each sect ion. All questions car ry equal marks .

SECTION - A

59 Disconnection Approach-I An introduct ion of synthons and synthet ic equivalents , general princ iples of the disconnect ion approach, funct iona l group interconvers ions , the importance of order of events in organ ic synthesis, one group C-X and two group C-X disconnect ions , one group C-C disconnect ion, chemoselect iv it y, regiose lect iv ity, regiospecificity, stereoselect iv it y and s tereospecificity.

SECTION - B

Disconnection Approach-II Reversa l of polarit y, amine synthesis ,Synthesis of alkenes -use of wit tig reagents,use of acetylene and a l iphat ic n it ro compounds in organic synthesis, synthes is of three membered r ings, photochemistry in organic synthesis-synthesis of four membered rings , uses of ketones in organic synthesis, synthesis of f ive and s ix membered rings

SECTION - C

Disconnection Approach-III

Princip le of protect ion of a lcohol ic, amino, carbonyl and ca rboxyl ic groups, Two group C-C disconnect ion- Die ls Alder react ions , 1 ,3 -difunct iona lized compounds and , unsatura ted ca rbonyl compounds, control in carbonyl condensat ions, 1 ,5 -difunct ional ized compounds- Michael addition, and Robinson Annela tion. disconnect ion approach towards the synthes is of Juvabione and their re la tive mer its and demer its.

SECTION - D

Pr inc iple o f Green chemistry and its applications

Basic Principle and need of green chemistry, Dif fe rent too ls for green synthesis ( Elementa ry idea of green reagent , green solvent , green ca ta lyst, sol id phase, mw and ultrasound assist ed) a tom economy, Role of b ioca ta lysts in g reen synthesis -enzyme ca ta lyzed oxidat ion, reduction and hydrolytic react ions , synthes is involving basic principle of green chemistry-synthesis of ad ipic ac id and BHC synthes is of Ibuprofen.

Supramolecular chemistry

An idea of supramolecular chemistry, Phase Transfer Catalysis, Crown ethers , cryptates , cyc lodextrins , cal ixarenes , and mice lles

Book Suggeted

1 . Des igning Organic S ynthes is , S .Warren, Wiley. 2 . Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthes is , W. Carruthers, Cambridge Un iv.

Press . 3 . Handbook of Green Chemistry- Green Catalysis- Paul T. Anastas, Robert H.

Crabtree, Wiley-VCH

60

4 . Methods and Reagents for green synthesis : An int roduct ion, Piet ro Tundo, Alvis e Perosa, F. Zecchin , Wiley

M.Sc . Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Organic Chemistry (Special) Paper XVIII


Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates are required to at tempt five quest ions in a l l select ing at least one question from each sect ion. All questions car ry equal marks .

SECTION - A

Reactions A detai led s tudy including mechanism or Arndt -Eist ert synthesis Beckmann, Hofmann, Curtius , Lossen, Schmidt , Favorskii , Neber, Frits ch -Butenberg-Wiechell, Baeyer-Vill iger, Benz ilbenzil lic ac id rear rangements .

SECTION - B

Reactions A detailed study including mechanism Darzens synthes is , st roke enamine synthesis, Shapiro react ion; Sharp lcss asymmetric epox ida tion,Prevost and Woodward hydroxylat ion

Flavonoids Occurrence, nomenc la ture, genera l (chemical and spectroscop ic) methods of s tructure determinat ion of f lavonoids , Isolat ion and synthesis of Cyanin, Quercet in , Diadzein and Chrysin . B iosynthesis of F lavonoids : Acetate pa thway and Shikimic acid pathway, b iosynthes is o f catechin .

SECTION - C

61 Heterocyc lic compounds Systematic (Hantzsch-Widman) nomencla ture fo r monocylic and fused r ing systems. Methods of synthes is and React ions inc lud ing mechanism of the following. Five -membered heterocyc les : pyrazole, imidazole, oxazole, isooxazole, th iazole, isothiazole; the ir basic charact er

SECTION – D

Heterocyc lic compounds

Methods of synthesis of the fo llowing s ix -membered het erocyc les : pyr imidines and purines .

Aromaticity , Metal locenes and Nonbenzenoid Aromatics Compounds

Aromatic it y (aromat ic , non-aromatic, and ant ia romatic), aromaticit y in charged r ings, homoaromatic it y, psuedo-a romaticity , HMO and PMO for determining aromatic, non -aromatic and ant i-aromat ic character of annulenes having var ious -e lectron syst ems, applica tion of 1H-NMR in determining aromatic character of annu lenes . General considerat ions, synthesis and react ions of rep resenta t ive compounds

Ferrocene, Azulene, Tropones and Tropolones .

Book Suggeted

1. Des igning Organic S ynthes is , S .Warren, Wiley. 2 . Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthes is , W. Carruthers, Cambridge Un iv.

Press . 3 . Modern Synthet ic React ions , H.O.House, W.A. Benzamin. 4 . Advanced Organic Chemistry React ions , Mechanisms a Structu res , J. March,

Wiley. 5 . Advanced Organic Chemistry Part B. F .A. Carey and R.J . Sundberg, P lenum

Press . 6 . Organic Chemistry, Vol . 2 , I .L. F inar, ELBS. 7 . Heterocylic Chemist ry, T.L. Gilchrist , Longman Scienti f ic Technical . 8 . Comprehens ive Heterocycl ic Chemistry, A.R. Katr itzky and C.W. Rees , eds .

Pergaman Press . 9 . Polycycl ic Aromat ic Hydrocarbons, E. Cla r, Academic Press .

M.Sc. Che mistry (Final) Semester IV Organic Che mistry (Spec ia l) Paper XIX


62 Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The

candidates are required to a ttempt five quest ions in al l se lect ing at least one quest ion from each sect ion. Al l quest ions ca rry equa l marks.

SECTION - A

Enzymes

Introduct ion and his torical perspect ive, chemica l and b iologica l catalys is , remarkable propert ies o f enzymes l ike cata lyt ic power, specificity and regu la tion. Nomenclature and classi fica tion, extraction and purifica tion. F ischer 's lock and key and Koshland 's induced f it hypothes is , concept and ident ificat ion of act ive s ite by the use of inhibitors , a ff in it y labeling . Enzyme kinet ics , Michae lis-Menten and Lineweaver-Burk plots, revers ible and i rrevers ib le inhibition.

Mechanism of Enzyme Action

Transit ion-s ta te theory, or ienta tion and steric effect, ac id-base catalysis , covalent ca ta lys is , st ra in or d is tort ion

SECTION - B

Mechanism of act ion of chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase A and papain.

Co-Enzyme Chemistry

Cofactors as derived from vitamins, coenzymes, prosthet ic groups, apoenzymes. Structure and b iological funct ions of coenz yme A, th ia mine pyrophospha te, pyr idoxal phosphate, NAD +, NADP+ , FMN, FAD, Mechanisms of react ions catalyzed by the above cofactors Prostaglandins : Genera l In troduction, nomenclature and biologica l ro les o f prostaglandins. Synthes is of PGE 2 and PGF 2 α.

SECTION - C Terpenoids General aspects of st ructure dete rminat ion of terpenoids, st ructure and synthesis of Geraniol, -terpineo l, -pinene, camphor and squalene . Biogenet ic isoprene rule and biogenes is of te rpenoids .

SECTION – D Stero ids Isolat ion and nomenc la ture of stero ids , s tructure, synthesis (Woodward) and stereochemist ry of choles terol , methods for the fol lowing convers ions . i) Cholest ero l Testosterone i i) Cholest ero l Progest erone i ii) Cholest ero l 5- and 5- cholan ic ac ids. iv) Johnson's hydrochrysene app roach towards the synthesis of, Androsterone .

63 Books Suggested

1. Organic Chemistry, Vol 2 , I. L. F inar, ELBS. 2 . Natural Products : Chemistry and Bio logy Significance, J .Mann, R.S. Davidson,

J.B. Hobbs, D.V. Banthrope and J .B . Harborne, Longma n, Essex . 3 . Biochemistry, A.L. Lehninger. 4 . Outlines of Biochemistry, Cohn & Stumpf.

M.Sc. Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Organic Chemistry (Special) Paper XX


Note: Eight questions will be set, two from each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates are required to at tempt five quest ions in a l l select ing at least one question from each sect ion. All questions car ry equal marks .

SECTION A

Drug Design

Classif icat ion and dis covery of new drugs, h is tory and development of chemotherapeut ic agents , therapeut ic index, LD50 and ED50, naming o f (new) drugs .

Elementa ry idea about drug action: the recep tor role, neurotransmitters and recep tors, ion channels and their control, membrane bound enzymes -act iva tion/deact iva tion, chemica l basis of messenger induced change of shape by the receptor, design o f agonists, antagonis ts and partial agonis ts

Drug development: s creening of natura l products, isola t ion and purifica tion, s tructure determinat ion, st ructure-act iv ity relat ionsh ip s (SAR), synthetic analogues , isoste res and bioisost eres, concept of lead compounds.

Brief overview of pharmacokinet ics and pharmacodynamics , concep t of prodrugs and synergism.

SECTION B

64 Synthesis, Genera l Mode of Action and Medicinal Uses of Important Drugs in the Following Categories .

Ant ineop las tic Agents : Mechlorethamine, Chlorambucil , cyclophosphamide, ca rmust ine, aminop ter in , 6 -mercap topurine, paclitaxel (synthes is of paclitaxel excluded)

Ant imala ria ls: Chloroquine , pr imaquine, chloroguanide, pyrimethamine’

Ana lgesics , Ant ipyrics and Anti in flammatory agents : Morphine and related compounds (codeine and heroin), meper id ine , methadone, aspirin , acetaminophen, indomethac in , phenylbutazone, mefenamic ac id , ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, ce lecoxib.

Ant ifert i lity agents : Ovulat ion inhib itors and rela ted hormonal contracept ives - norethindrone , norethynod rel , est radio l, mest ranol , non hormonal contraceptive - centchroman (synthesis of al l the drugs excluded).

Cardiovascu la r Drugs: Ca lc ium channe l b lockers and -blockers : sorbitrate, d ilt iazem, atenolo l and verapamil.

AIDS and d rugs against HIV: How HIV infects the system, st ructure and mode o f action of important drugs aga inst HIV (nucleoside revers e t ranscr iptase inh ibitors) - AZT, ddI, ddC, d4T and 3TC (synthesis only of AZT ).

SECTION -C

Ant ib iotics

Cell wa ll b iosysnthes is and protein synthesis inhibitors : Pen ici l lins and semi-synthet ic penicil l ins , synthesis , s tructure elucidat ion and medicina l uses of penic il lin G, problems of sensit iv ity to acids , -lactamases and narrow spectrum of act iv ity, solv ing these problems lead ing to the development of penic il lin V, oxaci ll in , cloxaci ll in , ampici ll in , amoxyci ll in , ca rbenici ll in and carfecil l in .

Cephalosporins - Discovery, st ructu re eluc ida tion and synthesis of cephalosporin -C.

SECTION -D

Alkaloids

Def in it ion, nomenclature and physio logical act ion, occurrence, isolat ion, genera l methods of st ructure elucidat ion, degrada tion, classificat ion based on nitrogen heterocycl ic r ing, ro le of alka loids in p lants .

Structure , stereochemistry, synthes is and b iosynthesis o f the fo llowing : Ephedrine, (+)-Coni ine, Nicot ine, Quinine and Reserp ine.

Books Suggested

1. Pericyclic React ions , S.M. Mukherj i Macmila n Ind ia .

65 2 . Wilson and Gisvold's Text book of Organic Medicina l and Pharmaceut ica l

Chemistry, Ed . Robert F . Dorge. 3 . Burger 's Medicina l Chemistry and Drug Discovery Vo l- I Ed. M.E. Wolf, John

Wiley. 4 . Goodman and Gilman's Pha rmacologica l Basis of Therapeutics , McGraw- Hill . 5 . Organic Chemistry Vo l. -2 I.L. Finar, ELBS. 6 . Organic Photochemistry , J Coxan & B. Halton, Cambr idge Univers ity Press . 7 . Introductory Photochemistry, .A. Cox and T. Camp McGraw Hill . 8 . The Conserva tion o f Orbita l S ymmet ry, R.B. Woodwa rd and R. Hoffmann"

Ver lag Chemie Academic Press. 9 . Problem Solving app roach to Orbita l Symmet ry, R.E. Leh r and A.P . Merchand 10 . Organic React ions and Orbital Symmetry, T.L. Gilchrist and R.C. S tor r,

Cambridge Univers it y Press , Cambr idge, 2 nd Edn. 1979.

Or

M.Sc . Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Pharmaceutical Che mistry (Spec ia l) Paper XVII


Note: Eight questions will be set , two f rom each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates a re required to a t temp t five quest ions in all select ing at leas t one quest ion from each section. All quest ions carry equal marks .

SECTION-A Mechanist ic and b iosynthetic approach to p lant secondary metabolites:

Aceta te -malona te pathway: Biosynthes is of p lant fatty acids, b iosynthesis and ox ida tion of r icinoleic acid). Polyket ides: Biosynthesis of 6 -methylsal icycl ic ac id , penci ll ic acid , gr iseofulvin Aceta te - mevalonate pa thway: Biosynthes is of p soralen, g ibberel lic acid , cholesterol, conessine Shikimic-acid pathway: B iosynthesis of chlorogenic ac id and c ichor iin , Cyanin, Quercet in , Biosynthesis of Porphyr ins

SECTION-B

Alka loids: Definit ion, nomenclature and phys io logical act ion, occurrence, isola tion, general methods of s tructure e lucidat ion, degradat ion, classi ficat ion based on nitrogen heterocycl ic r ing, ro le of alka loids in p lants . Structure , synthes is , b iosynthesis and biologica l importance of the following: Ephedrine, (+)-Coni ine, Nicotine, Quinine and Reserp ine.

66 Carotenoids; Structu re , synthesis and b iogenesis of -carot ene and Vitamin-A

SECTION – C

Carbohydrates: Introduct ion, s tereo isomerism, muta rotat ion of monosacchar ides , r ing st ructure of g lucose, s tructure elucidat ion, of d isacchar ides , sucrose, maltose, lactose, polysacchar ides , starch, g lycosides , general s tructure elucidat ion Terpenes General in troduct ion, isoprene ru le , isola tion of terpenes , Genera l methods of st ructure determinat ion of terpenes , s tructure eluc ida t ion of c it ra l, menthol and camphor

SECTION – D

Steroids: Isolation, nomencla ture, s tructura l elucidat ion with specia l reference to Cholest ero l, ergost erol and cardiac glycos ides Methods for the following convers ions: v) Cholest ero l Testosterone vi) Cholest ero l Progest erone Porphyrins Structures e lucidat ion o f chlorophyll , Genera l st ructural fea tures o f haemoglobin (not st ructure e lucidat ion). Books Suggested: 1. Organic Chemistry, Vol 2 , I. L. F inar, ELBS. 2 . Natural Products : Chemistry and Bio logy Significance, J .Mann, R.S. Davidson,

J.B. Hobbs, D.V. Banthrope and J .B. Harborne, Longman, Essex .

M.Sc . Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Pharamceutical Chemistry (Special) Paper XVIII


Note: Eight questions will be set , two f rom each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates a re required to at tempt five quest ions in a ll select ing at leas t one quest ion from each section. All quest ions carry equal marks .

SECTION – A Drug Design Introduct ion, Procedure fol lowed in drug design-Screening of na tural compounds, isolat ion, puri ficat ion, s t ructure determina t ion, Search for lead Compounds, Molecu la r Modifica tion of Lead Compound, prodrugs - u tility , drug latent iation, carrier linked and biop recursor prodrugs , P rodrugs of compounds conta ining a lcohols , carboxyl ic acids , amines and carbonyl groups, drug synergism, hard and soft drugs. Structu re -Act iv it y Relationship (SAR) , isosterism, Bioisoster ism, Factors af fect ing Bioactivity, Theories o f Drug Activity; Occupancy theory, Ra te theory, Induced F it theory

67

SECTION – B Quantitative s tructure-act iv ity relat ionsh ips (QSAR)- Development of QSAR, Physicochemica l parameters - Lipophilicity parameter , Polarizabilit y, Electronic pa rameter, Ion ization Constants , s ter ic Parameters- Taft’s ster ic factor, mo la r refract iv it y, Verloop s teric pa ramete r, chelat ion parameters , Surface act iv it y parameter, r edox potent ia l, hansch ana lys is , Cra ig plot , Topliss Scheme, Free -Wilson Approach Co-Enzyme Chemistry Cofactors as derived from vitamins, coenzymes, prosthet ic groups, apoenzymes. Structure and b iological funct ions of coenz yme A, th ia mine pyrophospha te, pyr idoxal phosphate, NAD +, NADP+ , FMN, FAD, Mechanisms of react ions catalyzed by the above cofactors

SECTION – C Combinator ial Chemistry

Introduct ion to Combinator ial chemistry, Combina toria l approaches , sol id phase techniques , liquid phase synthesis , Chemica l Pep tide and sma ll molecu la r l ibra ries, sp lit synthesis and paral lel synthesis- applica tions and methodo logy, deconvolution, Combina toria l Organic Synthes is , High throughtput screen ing (HT S), Plann ing and designing a combinatorial synthesis -sca ffolds , X-ra y crysta l lography, docking procedures .

SECTION – D

Enzymes Introduct ion and his torical perspect ive, chemica l and b iologica l catalys is , remarkable propert ies o f enzymes l ike cata lyt ic power, specificity and regu la tion. Nomenclature and classi fica tion, extraction and purifica tion. F ischer 's lock and key and Koshland 's induced f it hypothes is , concept and ident ificat ion of act ive s ite by the use of inhibitors , a ff in it y labeling . Enzyme kinet ics , Michae lis -Menten and Lineweaver-Burk plots. Enzyme inhibitors - revers ib le, ir revers ible , su ic ide substrates. Mechanism of Enzyme Action Transit ion-s ta te theory, or ienta tion and steric effect, ac id-base catalysis , covalent ca ta lys is , st ra in or d is tort ion

M.Sc . Chemistry (Final) Semester IV

Pharmaceutica l Chemistry (Special) Paper XIX Time: 3 Hrs


68 Note: Eight questions will be set , two f rom each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates a re required to at temp t five quest ions in all select ing at leas t one quest ion from each section. All quest ions carry equal marks .

SECTION-A

Patents Brief int roduct ion to IPR, Def init ion, need for patent ing, Types of Patents, condit ions to be sat isfied by an invent ion to be pa tentable, features Introduct ion to “The Patents Act 1970” and “The Patent Rules 2003” , “ The Patent Rules 2005”with spec ia l emphasis on the forms to be submit t ed alongwith a patent applica tion. Drug & Cosmet ic Act with special reference to schedule Y and M. GATT, WTO

SECTION-B

Stabil it y t est ing o f new drug substances and products : Drug substance – cr iter ia, storage condit ions , long term tes t ing, accelerated t es ting, frequency, eva lua t ion, labell ing; Drug product – Select ion of batches crite ria, specifica tion, condit ions of storage and test ing, Calcu lat ion of shelf li fe and exp iry date of products Qua lity control and Quality Assurance: Requirements of GMP, cGMP, GLP, ISO -9000, regulatory requirements of drugs and pharmaceut ical (USFD-NDA/ANDA), to tal quality management (TQM) Concept.

SECTION-C

Impurit y and Stab ilit y: New drug products – Dissolut ion, d is integra t ion, hardness friability , uniformity of dosage units , water contents , microbia l limits; Oral l iquids – uniformity of dosage units , pH, microbia l limits, ant imicrobia l prese rva tive content, anti-oxidant preservat ive cont ent , extractables , a lcohol content , dissolut ion particle size dist r ibution, redispers ibil it y, rheo logical properties , specific gravity, reconst itut ion t ime; Parent era l products – uniformity of dosage units , pH, s teri lity, endotoxins , p yrogens, particu la te mat ter, water content, ant imicrob ia l perservat ive content , antioxidant perservat ive content, ex tractables , funct iona lity tes t ing o f delivery systems osmolar it y, part icle s ize dis tr ibution , redispers ibi lity and reconst itut ion t ime. Decis ion t rees for accep tance cr it eria – New drug substance, degradat ion product , part icle s ize.

SECTION-D

Process ing of Tab lets : T ypes of tables , granulation-manufacture of granu les , their basic characterist ic and properties with refe rence to dif fe rent types of substances. Various addit ives included in formula t ion of tablets , Compression o f tablets compress ing mach ines and their too ling, processing problems and the ir remedy, standardizat ion and evaluat ion of tablets as per off icial standards .

69 Coa ting of tablets : Pr inciples and equipment; Taste masking sugar coat ing; t ens ile st rength of f ilms, evaluat ion of coated tablets , defects of f i lms. Process ing of capsules : Hare gelat in capsules , mater ia ls and product ion, f i ll ing equipment , hand fill ing, s emi-automatic and automatic fi ll ing operat ions, formula tion, f in ish ing and eva luat ion. Soft gela t in capsules , manufacturing process, naturee of capsule shell and contents , phys ical stabil it y, packing and eva lua tion. Microencapsula tion : Its importance and applica t ions in pharmaceut ica l formulat ions, techniques and equipment for microeneapsula tion.

M.Sc . Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Special) Paper XX


Note: Eight questions will be set , two f rom each of the sect ions A, B, C & D. The candidates a re required to at temp t five quest ions in all select ing at leas t one quest ion from each section. All quest ions carry equal marks .

SECTION-A

Heat T ransfer: Introduct ion , modes of hea t t ransfer, Four ier's law of heat f low, thermal conduct ivit y, s teady state conduct ion. Equipments : Finned tube (extended surface) heat exchanger, p late hea t exchanger, spiral heat exchanger , sc raped hea t exchanger and ai r cooled hea t exchanger . Dist il la tion: Introduct ion , vapour – l iquid equilibrium, part ia l vaporizat ion, pa rt ial condensa t ion, vola t i lit y, re la tive volat il ity, methods of d is ti llat ion for two component systems– fract iona l d ist illat ion , azeotropic dis t i llat ion, steam dis t i llat ion, ex tract ive dist il la tion. Filt ra tion: Int roduct ion, classi ficat ion of f i lters, p late & frame fi lter presses , candle filter , f i lter media , f i lt er aids, washing of fi lter cakes, f ilt ration theory – constant pressure f iltrat ion, constant ra te fi lt ration, f iltrat ion cycle, centr ifuges , ba tch top driven centr ifuge , ba tch under driven centrifuge, d isk type centr ifuge .

SECTION-B

70 Drying: Introduct ion, rate of drying, constant rate period, crit ica l mois ture content, fall ing rate per iod, equi librium moisture, free moisture , bound and unbound mois ture, drying equipments – t ray dryers , drum dryers , rotary dryers , sp ray dryers , f lash dryers. Crysta lliza tion: Int roduct ion , supersa turat ion, modes of generat ion of supersatura tion, nucleat ion, primary nucleat ion, secondary nuc leation, crysta l growth, L law o f cyrs tal growth, growth ra te and grouth coefficients , c rysta ll isat ion equipments – Tank crystal l ize rs , ci rcu la ting magma – vaccum crystal lizers , c irculat ing l iquid evapora tor crystal l ize rs . Fluid Flow: Introduct ion, Newtonian and non -Newton ian flu ids , viscosity, e ffect of temeprature on viscosit y, k inematic viscosity, laminar and turbulent f lows , Reynolds number , Bernou ll is equat ion without fr ict ion, ori f icemete r, venturimeter , pumps, types of pumps

SECTION-C

Reactors: Introduct ion to reactor des ign, ideal batch reactor , space t ime , space veloc it y, s teady s tate mixed flow reactor , st eady state p lug f low reactor Chemical process development: P rocess design development, t ypes of design p rocess development , p lant loca tion, p lant layout , p lant opera tion and contro l, materia l handl ing. Safety and loss preventat ion : Health and sa fety hazards, source of exposure, exposure evaluat ion, exposure hazard control , f i re and explosion hazard, safety regu la tion, loss preventation .

SECTION-D

Chromatographic techniques: Princ ip les of separa tion, applicat ions and recent trends in chromatography: Column, Paper, Thin layer and gas chromatography, HPLC, HPTLC, Size exc lusion chromatography, Aff init y chromatography, Ion-exchange chromatography Biologica l S tandardizat ion: Bioassay and Radioimmunoassay: ELISA, radioimmunoassay of drugs l ike Digitalis & insul in Books Recommended

1. Cooper and Gunn’s Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students, Ed.S .J. Carter, CBS publishers & Ddist ributors.

2 . Cooper and Gunn’s , Tutorial Pharmacy. 3 . L.Lachman, “Theory and Pract ice of Industr ia l Pharmacy” Lea & Fab iger. 4 . Bentley and Drivers, “ A textbook of Pharmaceut ical Chemistry” , Oxford

Press . 5 . ISO Reports . 6 . Indian Pharmacopoeia, Govt. of India , Minis try of Hea lth and Family

Welfa re. 7 . Brit ish Pharmacopoe ia . 8 . Indian Patent Act . 9 . Sharma P.P. , GMP, Vallabh prakashan.

71

10 . A. Osol, “Remington’s Pharmaceut ical science”. Mack Publishing company. 11 . Introduct ion to Chemica l Engineering, Bedger et al. , McGraw Hil l. 12 . Unit Operat ions of Chemical Engineering, Mc. Cable & Smith 13 . Handbook of Chemical Eng ineer ing by parry. 14 . Princip les and methods of Pharmacy management , Harrg , A.; smith Loa &

Febiger , Phi ladelphia. 15 . Materia ls management by Gopalkr ishna, Prentice Hall , India. 16 . W.d . Mc Cabe. J.C. S mith & P. Harriot t, Unit Operat ions of chemica l

Reactor Des ign and Operat ion.” 17 . K.R. West reterp , W.P . M. S waai j, AACM, Beanackers , “ Chemica l Reactor

Des ign and Operat iof” . 18 . W.L.Badger and J .T. Benchard, In troduct ion to chemical Engineer ing, Mc

Graw Hil l. 19 . Max peters, “Elementary chemical Engineer ing”. 20 . D.G. Joreden, “ Chemica l Process Development”-Pt .l . 21 . M.S. Pete rs & K.D. Timmerhans, “ P lant Design and Economics for

chemica l Engineers” . 22 . Grogging, P .H. (ed) Unit Process in Organic synthes is”. -McGraw Hil l. 23 . Shreve, R .N.,”Chemica l Process Industries” McGraw Hill .

Reference books Coulson & Richardson , “Chemical Engineer ing.

72

M.Sc. Chemistry (Final) Semester III & IV Inorganic Chemistry Practical Papers-XXI, XXII and XXIII

Time: 18 Hrs

(Six sessions, spread over 3 days to all papers)

PAPER XXI Max. Marks: 80+20(IA)

Preparations

Preparat ion of selected inorganic compounds and their study by spectroscopic methods (IR, NMR, EPR etc)

1 . Chloropentaamminecobalt ( III) Chloride. 2 . Nitro/Nitritopentaamminecobalt (III) Ch lor ide (Dis tinct ion between nitro and

nitr ito by IR) 3 . Preparat ion of Tin(IV) Iodide and Tin( II) Iodide (Ref Inorganic synthes is 1953, 4 ,

119). 4 . Potassium tr ioxolatofe rrate ( III) 5 . Chromous aceta te 6 . Metal complexes of d imethyl sulfoxide (IR): CuCl 2 .2DMSO, RuCl2 .4DMSO

[J.Chem. Educ., 1982, 59, 57 ). 7 . Cis and t rans [Co (en )2Cl2] . 8 . Tris(acetyl -acetona to) manganese(III) . 9 . Brominat ion of Cr( III) acetylacetonato Cr(acac)3 . [J.Chem. Edu. 1986, 63]. 10 . Separat ion of opt ical isomers of c is[Co(en) 2Cl2]Cl : J .Chem Soc. 1960, 4369 . 11 . Preparat ion and uses o f Ferrocene . J .Chem. Edu. 1966 , 43, 73; 1976, 53, 730.

73 12 . Preparat ion of copper glycine complex -c is and trans bis(glycina to Cu( II); J . Chem.

Soc. Dalton 1979 , 1901; J .Chem Edu. 1982,59, 1052 . 13 . Tris(acetylacetonato) cobalta te ( II I) . 14 . Tris(Thiou rea) Copper(I) Sulphate. (Est imat ion of Cu- Iodomedtr ica lly) Any other

compound prepared in the lab.

I Preparation 55 Marks

II Lab. Record 15 Marks

III Viva-voce 10 Marks

PAPER XXII


Ins trumentation

1. Spectrophotometric Determinat ions 2 . Conductometr ic Tit rat ions 3 . Flame Photometry 4 . Potentiomet ric/pH-ana lys is 5 . Electrogravimetric Ana lysis 6 . Polarographic analys is 7 . Any other techniques introduced

I Instrumentation 55 Marks

II Lab. Record 15 Marks

III Viva -voce 10 Marks

PAPER XXIII


Quantitative analysis of elements or groups in the complexes , mixtures, ores, alloys etc. by ava ilable ana lytical techniques .

I Quant itative analysis 55 Marks

74 II Lab. Record 15 Marks

III Viva-voce 10 Marks

Books Suggested

1 . Synthesis and Characteriza tion of Inorgan ic compounds W.L. Jol ly, P rent ice Hal l, Englowood.

2 . Synthesis and Phys ica l Studies of Inorganic Compounds, C .F.Bel l, Perga mon Press .

3 . A Text Book of Quant itat ive Ana lysis; A.I . Voge l, ELBS. London . 4 . Inorganic Preparat ions; W.G. Pa lmer

Or

M.Sc. Chemistry (Semester III & IV) Physica l Chemistry Practica ls Paper -XXI, XXII and XXIII

Time: 18 Hrs (Six sessions, spread over 3 days to all papers)

Max. Marks: 80+20(IA), 80+20(IA) & 80+20(IA)

Paper XXI

Potentiometry 1. Determinat ion of act iv ity coef ficient of Ag + in a solut ion o f s ilver n it ra te and

to s tudy the effect of potassium nit rate on the act ivit y coef ficient o f s ilve r nitrate.

2 . Determinat ion of the cel l Pt , H 2HCl AgClAg with var ious concentra tions o f HCl and to ob ta in the act ivit y coeff ic ient of HCl.

3 . Determinat ion of solubi lity o f s i lver hal ides in water. 4 . Determinat ion of f irst and second ion ization constant of phosphoric ac id . 5 . Study of si lver-ammonia complex and determinat ion o f the s tabi lity constant. 6 . Determinat ion of s trength of fer rous ammonium sulphate us ing potassium

dichromate or cer ic su lphate and determinat ion of redox potentia l. 7 . Determinat ion of s trength of HCl and CH 3COOH in a mix ture us ing NaOH. 8 . Titrat ion of weak/st rong ac id with st rong base using quinhydrone and

determinat ion o f d issociation constant of the acid . 9 . Study o f equil ib rium constant of the react ion Fe + + + + Ag Fe+ +

+ Ag + . 10 . To determine the degree of hydrolysis of anil ine hyd rochlo ride.

75 11 . Titrat ion of hal ides with AgNO 3 individua lly and in the mixture of two ha lides . 12 . Determinat ion of l iquid junct ion potent ial .

Che mica l Kinetics 13 . Determinat ion of velocity constant of the reaction of ethyl acetate with NaOH

and act ivation energy and tempera ture coeff icient of the reaction. 14 . Determinat ion of the velocit y constant and energy of act ivat ion o f the rea ct ions

between H2O 2 and HI. 15 . Invest iga tion of the react ion between acetone and iod ine (with respect to H + , I2

and acetone). 16 . Determinat ion of the order and velocity of the react ion between potassium

persulphate and potass ium iodide.

Experiment Marks: 55


Books Suggested

1. Pract ica l Phys ica l Chemistry, A.M. James and F.E. Pr ichard, Longman. 2 . Findley’s Pract ical Physica l Chemistry , B.P. Lavit t, Longman. 3 . Pract ica l Phys ica l Chemistry, S .R. Pa lit and S.K. De, Science. 4 . Experimenta l Phys ical Chemistry, R .C. Das and B . Behera , Tata McGraw Hil l.

Paper XXII

Conductometry 1. Determinat ion of the equivalent conductance of weak ac id (benzoic and acetic

acid) at s everal concent ra tions and the dissocia tion constant of the acid. 2 . Determinat ion of the equiva lent conductance of s trong electrolytes su ch as HCl,

KCl, KNO 3 and NaCl and the valid ity of Onsagar equat ion. 3 . Determinat ion of solubi lity o f s i lver hal ides . 4 . Study of degree of hydrolysis of anil ine hyd rochloride. 5 . Conductometr ic t itrat ion of : ( i) Strong acid vs. st rong base,

( ii ) Strong ac id vs . weak base, (i ii ) Weak ac id vs . st rong base, ( iv) Weak acid vs . weak base, (v) CH 3COOH + HCl vs . NaOH, (vi) MgSO 4 vs . BaCl2 .

6 . Determine the crit ica l mice lle concentra t ion (CMC) of a sur factant (sodium lauryl sulphate) by conduct ivit y method.

pH-metry

7. Preparat ion of buffer solut ion of var ious pH and the determina t ion of their pH va lues .

8 . pH-titrat io ins o f: ( i ) Acet ic acid vs. NaOH, (ii ) hyd rochloric acid vs . NaOH, (ii i) acet ic acid vs . ammonium hydroxide and (iv) HCl vs . NH 4OH.

9 . Determinat ion of the degree of hydrolysis of anil ine hydroch lor ide.

76 10 . To find dissociat ion constants of weak acids .

Colorimetry/Spectrophotometry

11 . Ver ificat ion of the Lambert -Beer ’s la w using solut ions such as K2Cr2O 7 , CuSO 4, KMnO 4 in water and I2 in CCl4 .

12 . Study of iron-t i ron and iron-sa licyl ic acid complexes . 13 . Determinat ion of the composit ion of va rious mixtures spectrophotomet rical ly:

( i) Potassium d ichromate and potassium permangana te (i i) Crystal v iolet and aurine

14 . Determine the dissociat ion constant of an indicator spectro - photometr ical ly.



Books Suggested

1. Pract ica l Phys ica l Chemistry, A.M. James and F.E. Pr ichard, Longman.

2 . Findley’s Pract ical Physica l Chemistry , B.P. Lavit t, Longman.

3 . Pract ica l Phys ica l Chemistry, S .R. Pa lit and S.K. De, Science.

4 . Experimenta l Phys ical Chemistry, R .C. Das and B. Behera,McGraw Hill.

Paper XXIII

Die lectric Constant and Dipo le Moment

1. Determinat ion of d ielectr ic constants of some organic liquids and composit ion of unknown mixtures .

2 . Determinat ion of d ipole moments of some organic liquids .

Polarography 3. To determine disso lved oxygen in aqueous solut ion of organic solvent. 4 . Determinat ion of ha lf wave potent ials of some ca t ions in aqueous and in non-

aqueous solut ions . 5 . Determinat ion of half wave potent ials of ions in mix tures . 6 . Amperometirc t it ra tions involving: ( i) Pb(NO 3)2 vs. K2Cr2O 7 and (ii) Pb(NO 3)2

vs . K2SO 4 .

Polar imetry 7. Determinat ion of relat ive strength of acids by the study of invers ion of sucrose . 8 . Determinat ion of ve locity constant of muta rotat ion of g lucose in the presence

of acid or alka l i.

77 Inter ferrometry 9. Determinat ion of speed of sound of pure l iquids/mix tures us ing in terferrometer. Flame Photometry : 10 . Det ermina tion of Na + , K+ Ca 2 + and Mg 2 + in tap water, ju ice, elect ra l etc.

Note: Any experiment may be in troduced/deleted in the p ractica l class based on th e ava ilabi lit y/non-ava ilabilit y of the ins truments /chemicals .



Books Suggested 1. Pract ica l Chemistry, A.M. James and F.E. Pricherd, Longman.

2 . Pract ica l Phys ica l Chemistry, B .P. Levit t and Zind ley’s , Longman.

3 . Pract ica l Phys ica l Chemistry, S .R. Pa lit and S .K. De, Science Book Agency.

4 . Experimenta l Phys ical Chemistry, R .C. Das and B. Behra , McGraw Hil l.

5 . Experiments in Phys ical Chemistry, Shoemaker and Gailand McGra w Hill .

6 . Systematic experimental Physical Chemistry, T.K. Chanders hekhar & S.K. Rajbhoj

7 . Experimenta l Phys ical Chemist ry, V.D.Athawale and Parul Mathur, New Age Interna t iona l.

Or

M. Sc Chemistry (Fianl) Semester IV

Organic Chemistry Practica ls Paper -XXI, XXII and XXIII Time: 18 Hrs

(Six sessions, spread over 3 days to all papers) Max. Marks: 80+20(IA), 80+20(IA) & 80+20(IA)

Paper XXI

1. Qualitative Ana lysis : Separa tion of compounds of a b inary (l iquid - liquid, l iquid-so lid or sol id-sol id) organic mixture using phys ical and chemica l methods and characte rizat ion of the components with the help of chemical

78

analysis and confirmat ion of their st ructures with the help of IR and PMR spectra l da ta (IR & PMR spectra to be provided). Experiment Marks: 55


Books Suggested

1. "A Handbook of Organic Analys is Qua lita t ive and Quant itat ive" by H.T. Clarke and rev is ed by B.Maynes, Edward Arnold (Pub.). , Ltd . London , 1975).

2 . "S ystematic Qua lita t ive Organic Ana lysis" by H.Midd leton, Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd ., London 1959.

3 . "A Text Book of Pract ica l Organic Chemis try inc lud ing Qualita tive Organic Ana lysis " by Arthur I. Vogel , Longmans Green and Co. , Ltd . , London 1966.

4 . "E lementary Pract ica l Organic Chemistry" by Arthur I . Vogel, CBS Publishers & Distr ibutors.

5 . "A Guide to spectroscopy in Organic Chemist ry' by PAVY 6. "Spectromet ric Ident if icat ion of Organic Compounds", F ifth Ed. , R.M.

Silvers te in , G.S . Bassler and T .C.Morr ile, John Wiley and Sons, New York. 7 . "Organic Spectroscopy' , 3 r d Ed ., by Will iam Ka mp. John Wiley & Sons. 8 . "Spectroscopic" Methods in Organic Chemistry, D.H. Wil liam & Ian F leming. 9 . Vogel's Tex t Book of Practica l Organic Chemistry by B.S. Furners et. a l. ,

Longman Group Ltd. Paper XXII

1. Preparation of Organic Co mpounds: Preparat ion of Organic Compounds involving two or three s tages; Isola tion and purif icat ion of natura l products .

2 . Techniques of Pur ification and Separation ; Separat ion of mixtures us ing TLC, vacuum dis t i llat ion and subl imat ion. Experiment Marks: 55


Books Suggested

1. Text Book of Vogel's Pract ical Organic Chemist ry by Longman Group , B.S. Furness et a l. , Ltd.

2 . "Experiments in Organic Chemist ry" Louis F . Fieser O.C. Heath and Company Boston, 1955.

3 . "Organic Synthesis " Collective Vol. I . 4 . 'Labora tory Manua l in Organic Chemistry' by R.K. Bansal, Wiley Eastern Ltd.,

New Delhi-1980.

79

Paper XXIII

1 . Quantitative estimation o f the fol lowing

Amino group, hyd roxyl group, acetoxy group, carbonyl group, unsatura tion, reducing and non-reducing sugars , saponif ica tion va lue and iodine va lue of fats and oils , formalin and glycine

2 . Colorimetric determination o f the fo llowing

Carbohydrates, ascorbic acid , amino acids , proteins , choles terol u rea.



Books Suggested

1. "E lementary Pract ica l Organic Chemistry by Arthur I.Voge l Longmans , Green and Co. 1958.

2 . "An Int roduct ion to Practical Biochemistry", by David T. Plummr, Tata McGraw Hill Pub lishing Company, Ltd ., N. Delhi, 1988 .

3. Pract ica l Organ ic Chemistry' by Mann and Saunders .

M.Sc. Chemistry (Final) Semester IV Pharmaceutical Chemistry Practicals

Paper-XXI, XXII and XXIII Time: 18 Hrs

(Six sessions, spread over 3 days to all papers) Max. Marks: 80+20(IA), 80+20(IA) & 80+20(IA)

Paper- XXI 1 ) Prepara tions of organic compounds of medic inal inte rest . 2 ) Techniques of Purif ica tion. 3 ) Separat ions and ident if icat ion of components of b inary organic mixture using

chemica l methods and spectra l data. Experiment Marks: 55 Lab record & Viva-voce Marks: 15+10 Books Suggested 1. "A Handbook of Organic Analys is Qua lita t ive and Quant itat ive" by H.T. Clarke

and rev is ed by B.Maynes, Edward Arnold (Pub.). , Ltd . London , 1975).

80 2 . "S ystematic Qua lita t ive Organic Ana lysis" by H.Midd leton, Edward Arnold

(Publishers) Ltd ., London 1959. 3 . "A Text Book of Pract ica l Organic Chemis try inc lud ing Qualita tive Organic

Ana lysis " by Arthur I. Vogel , Longmans Green and Co. , Ltd . , London 1966. 4 . "E lementary Pract ica l Organic Chemistry" by Arthur I . Voge l, CBS Publishers

& Distr ibutors. 5 . Introduct ion to Spectroscopy: Guide fo r Students of Organic Chemistry by D.L.

Pavia , Gary M. Lampman, George S . Kriz, D.L. Pania. 6 . "Spectromet ric Ident if icat ion of Organic Compounds", F ifth Ed. , R.M.

Silvers te in , G.S . Bassler and T .C.Morr ile, John Wiley and Sons, New York. 7 . "Organic Spectroscopy' , 3 r d Ed ., by Will iam Ka mp. John Wiley & Sons. 8 . "Spectroscopic" Methods in Organic Chemistry, D.H. Wil liam & Ian F leming. 9. Vogel's Tex t Book of Practica l Organic Chemistry by B.S. Furners et. a l. ,

Longman Group Ltd.

Paper-XXII 1) Preparat ion and evaluat ion of the fol lowing : Emulsion, s imp le syrup , aqueous idodine solut ion, st rong iod ine solut ion, calamine lot ion , boroglycerine, lann ic ac id/glycerine, phenol/glycerine, p ipermint water , rose swate r, non-sta in ing iod ine o intmind cum methyl sa licyla te, formulation of s imp le and med icated ointments , magnesium hydroxide mixture (milk of magnesium), s imple and complex powders . Experiment Marks: 55 Lab record & Viva-voce Marks: 15+10

Paper-XXIII ( i) Det ermination of spec if ic rotat ion of ibuprofen and determination of its percentage in the unknown sample. ( ii ) Volumetric determina t ion of ibup rofen in the g iven tab let. ( ii i) Spectrophotomete r determina tion of aspirin content in the soluble aspir in table. ( iv) Spectrophotometer det ermination of Paracetamo l in the tablet . (v) Det ermina tion of Vita min C in given formula tion. (vi) Determinat ion of phenobarb ilone in the given cough syrup . (vii ) To perform I.P. monograph of tablet (vii i) to perform I.P . monograph of hard gela t ine capsule. ( ix) Determinat ion of Chloramphenicol in given capsule. Experiment Marks: 55 Lab record & Viva-voce Marks: 15+10

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