1 Physical Quantities and Units 6 Candidates should be able to:

1.1 Base quantities andSI units 1(b) deduce units for derived quantities;

1.2 Dimensions of physical quantities 1 (c) use dimensional analysis to determine the dimensions of derived quantities;(d) check the homogeneity of equations using dimensional analysis;(e) construct empirical equations using dimensional analysis;

1.3 Scalars and vectors 2 (f) determine the sum, the scalar product and vector product of coplanar vectors;(g) resolve a vector to two perpendicular components;

1.4 Uncertainties in measurements 2 (h) calculate the uncertainty in a derived quantity (a rigorous statistical treatment is not required);(i) write a derived quantity to an appropriate number of significant figures.

2 Kinematics 62.1 Linear motion 2 (a) derive and use equations of motion with constant acceleration;

2.2 Projectiles 4 (c) solve problems on projectile motion without air resistance;(d) explain the effects of air resistance on the motion of bodies in air.

3 Dynamics 123.1 Newton’s laws of motion 4 (a) state Newton’s laws of motion;

(b) use the formula F=m dv/dt+v dm/dt for constant m or constant v only

3.2 Linear momentum and its conservation 3(d) apply the principle of conservation of momentum;(e) define impulse as ∫F dt ;(f) solve problems involving impulse;

3.3 Elastic and inelastic collisions 2(h) solve problems involving collisions between particles in one dimension;

3.4 Centre of mass 1 (i) define centre of mass for a system of particles in a plane;(j) predict the path of the centre of mass of a two particle system;

3.5 Frictional forces 2 (k) explain the variation of frictional force with sliding force;(l) define and use coefficient of static function and coefficient of kinetic friction.

4 Work, Energy and Power 54.1 Work 2 (a) define the work done by a force dW = F • ds ;

(b) calculate the work done using a force displacement graph;

(a) list base quantities and their SI units:mass (kg), length (m), time (s), current (A),temperature (K) and quantity of matter (mol);

(b) sketch and use the graphs of displacement-time, velocity-time and acceleration-time for the motion of a body with constant acceleration

(c) state the principle of conservation of momentum, and verify the principle using Newton’s laws of motion;

(g) distinguish between elastic collisions and inelastic collisions (knowledge of coefficient of restitution is not required);

(c) calculate the work done in certain situations,including the work done in a spring;4.2 Potential energy and kinetic energy 2 (d) derive and use the formula: potential energy change = mgh near the surface of the Earth;

(f) state and use the work-energy theorem;

(g) apply the principle of conservation of energy in situations involving kinetic energy and potential energy;4.3 Power 1 (h) derive and use the formula P = Fv ;

(i) use the concept of efficiency to solve problems.5 Circular Motion 8

5.1 Angular displacement and angular velocity 1 (a) express angular displacement in radians;(b) define angular velocity and period;(c) derive and use the formula v = rω ;

5.2 Centripetal acceleration 2 (d) explain that uniform circular motion has an acceleration due to the change in direction of velocity;

5.3 Centripetal force 5

(h) solve problems involving uniform horizontal circular motion for a point mass;

6 Gravitation 106.1 Newton’s law of universal gravitation 1 (a) state Newton’s law of universal gravitation and use the formula F= GMm/R2 ;6.2 Gravitational field 2 (b) explain the meaning of gravitational field;

(c) define gravitational field strength as force of gravity per unit mass;

6.3 Gravitational potential 3 (e) define the potential at a point in a gravitational field;(f) derive and use the formula V= - GM/R ;(g) use the formula for potential energy U = - GMm/R

(i) use the relationship g = -dV/dr;

6.4 Satellite motion in a circular orbit 3 (k) solve problems involving satellites moving in a circular orbit in a gravitational field;(l) explain the concept of weightlessness;

(e) derive and use the formula: kinetic energy 1/2mv2

(e) derive and use the formulae for centripetal acceleration a = v2/r and a = rω2 ;

(f) explain that uniform circular motion is due to the action of a resultant force that is always directed to the centre of the circle;

(g) use the formulae for centripetal force F = mv2 /r AND F = mrω2 ;

(i) solve problems involving vertical circular motions for a point mass (knowledge of tangential acceleration is not required).

(d) use the equation g =GM/R2 for a gravitational FIELD;

(h) show that ΔU= mgΔr = mgh is a special case of U = -GMm/R FOR SITUATION NEAR THE surface of the Earth;

(j) explain, with graphical illustrations, the variations of gravitational field strength and gravitational potential with distance from the surface of the Earth;

6.5 Escape velocity 17 Statics 67.1 Centre of gravity 1 (a) define centre of gravity;

(b) state the condition in which the centre of mass is the centre of gravity;7.2 Equilibrium of particles 1 (c) state the condition for the equilibrium of a particle;

(d) solve problems involving forces in equilibrium at a point;7.3 Equilibrium of rigid bodies 4 (e) define torque as τ = r ×F;

(f) state the conditions for the equilibrium of a rigid body;(g) sketch and label the forces which act on a particle and a rigid body;(h) use the triangle of forces to represent forces in equilibrium;(i) solve problems involving forces in equilibrium

8 Deformation of Solids 58.1 Stress and strain 1 (a) define stress and strain for a stretched wire or elastic string;

2 (b) sketch force-extension graph and stress-strain graph for a ductile material;(c) identify and explain proportional limit, elastic limit, yield point and tensile strength;(d) define the Young’s modulus;(e) solve problems involving Young’s modulus;(f) distinguish between elastic deformation and plastic deformation;(g) distinguish the shapes of force-extension graphs for ductile,

8.3 Strain energy 2 (h) derive and use the formula for strain energy;(i) calculate strain energy from force-extension graphs or stress-strain graphs.

9 Kinetic Theory of Gases 149.1 Ideal gas equation 2 (a) use the ideal gas equation pV = nRT ;9.2 Pressure of a gas 2 (b) state the assumptions of the kinetic theory of an ideal gas;

9.3 Molecular kinetic energy 2

9.4 The r.m.s. speed of molecules 2 (f) calculate the r.m.s. speed of gas molecules;

(h) predict the variation of molecular speed distribution with temperature;

3 (i) define the degrees of freedom of a gas molecule;

(m) derive and use the equation for escape velocity ve = sqrt(( GM/R) ve =sqrt( 2gR)

8.2 Force-extension graph and stress-strain graph

(c) derive and use the equation for the pressure exerted by an ideal gas p = 1/3 ρ c2;

d) state and use the relationship between the Boltzmann constant and molar gas constant k = R/NA

(e) derive and use the expression for the mean translational kinetic energy of a molecule, 1/2 mc2 = 3/2 kT;

(g) sketch the molecular speed distribution graph and explain the shape of the graph (description and explain the shape of the graph (description

9.5 Degrees of freedom and law of equipartition of energy

(l) state and apply the law of equipartition of energy;9.6 Internal energy of an ideal gas 3 (m) distinguish between an ideal gas and a real gas;

(n) explain the concept of internal energy of an ideal gas;

(o) derive and use the relationship between the internal energy and the number of degrees of freedom.10 Thermodynamics of Gases 1410.1 Heat capacities 2 (a) define heat capacity, specific heat capacity and

10.2 Work done by a gas 1 (c) derive and use the equation for work done by a gas W = ∫pdV ;10.3 First law of thermodynamics 5 (d) state and apply the first law of thermodynamics Q = ΔU +W ;

(e) deduce the relationship ΔU = nC ΔT V,m from the first law of thermodynamics;(f) derive and use the equation p,m V,m C −C = R;(g) relate CV,m and Cp,m to the degrees of freedom;

10.4 Isothermal and adiabatic changes 6 (i) describe the isothermal process of a gas;(j) use the equation pV = constant for isothermal changes;(k) describe the adiabatic process of a gas;

(m) illustrate thermodynamic processes with p-V graphs;(n) derive and use the expression for work done in the thermodynamic processes.

11 Heat Transfer 10

11.1 Conduction 5(b) define thermal conductivity;(c) use the equation dQ/dt = -kA d θ/dx for heat conduction in one dimension;

(d) describe and calculate heat conduction through a cross-sectional area of layers of different materials;(e) compare heat conduction through insulated and non-insulated rods;

11.2 Convection 1 (f) describe heat transfer by convection;(g) distinguish between natural and forced convection;

11.3 Radiation 3 (h) describe heat transfer by radiation;

(j) define a black body;

(j) identify the number of degrees of freedom of a monatomic, diatomic or polyatomic molecule at room temperature;

(k) explain the variation in the number of degrees of freedom of a diatomic molecule ranging from very low to very high temperatures;

(b) use the equations: Q = CΔθ , Q = mcΔθ , Q = nCV,mΔθ and Q = nCp,mΔθ ;

(h) use the relationship γ =C p,m/ CV,m to identify the types of molecules;

(l) use the equations pV γ = constant and TV γ−1 = constant for adiabatic changes;

(a) explain the mechanism of heat conduction through solids, and hence, distinguish between conduction through metals and non-metals;

(i) use Stefan-Boltzmann equation dQ/dt = e σAT4

11.4 Global warming 1 (k) explain the greenhouse effect and thermal pollution;(l) suggest ways to reduce global warming.

12 Electrostatics 12

12.1 Coulomb’s law 2

12.2 Electric field 3(c) define the electric field strength, and use the formula E =F/q(d) describe the motion of a point charge in a uniform electric field;

12.3 Gauss’s law 412.4 Electric potential 3 (f) define electric potential;

(h) explain the meaning of equipotential surfaces;(i) use the relationship E = -dV/ dr(j) use the formula U = qV.

13 Capacitors 1213.1 Capacitance 1 (a) define capacitance;13.2 Parallel plate capacitor 2 (b) describe the mechanism of charging a parallel plate capacitor;

13.3 Dielectrics 2(e) describe the effect of a dielectric in a parallel plate capacitor;

13.4 Capacitors in series and in parallel 2 (g) derive and use the formulae for effective capacitance of capacitors in series and in parallel;

13.5 Energy stored in a charged capacitor 1

13.6 Charging and discharging of a capacitor 4 (i) describe the charging and discharging process of a capacitor through a resistor;(j) define the time constant, and use the formula τ = RC;

(m) solve problems involving charging and discharging of a capacitor through a resistor.14 Electric Current14.1 Conduction of electricity 2 (a) define electric current, and use the equation I = dQ/dt

SECOND TERM: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

(a) state Coulomb’s law, and use the formula F= Qq/ 4πε0r2

(b) explain the meaning of electric field, and sketch the field pattern for an isolated point charge, an electric dipole and a uniformly charged surface;

(e) state Gauss’s law, and apply it to derive the electric field strength for an isolated point charge, an isolated charged conducting sphere and a uniformly charged plate;

(g) use the formula V= Q/ 4πε0r2

(c) use the formula C = Q/V to derive C= ε0A/d for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor;

(d) define relative permittivity ε r (dielectric constant);

(f) use the formula C = ε rε 0A/d

(h) use the formulae U = 1/2 QV , U = 1/2 Q2/C and U = 1/2 CV2

(k) derive and use the formulae Q = Q0 (1 - e - t/t), V = V0 (1 - e t/t), I= I0 e - t/t for charging a capacitor through a resistor

(l) derive and use the formulae Q= Q0 e t/t , V= V0 e - t/t and I= I0 e - t/t for discharging a capacitor through a resistor;

(b) explain the mechanism of conduction of electricity in metals;14.2 Drift velocity 2 (c) explain the concept of drift velocity;

(d) derive and use the equation I = Anev;14.3 Current density 2 (e) define electric current density and conductivity;

(f) use the relationship J =σ E;

14.4 Electric conductivity and resistivity 4

(i) show the equivalence between Ohm’s law and the relationship J =σ E;

15 Direct Current Circuits 14

15.1 Internal resistance 1 (a) explain the effects of internal resistance on the terminal potential difference of a battery in a circuit;15.2 Kirchhoff’s laws 4 (b) state and apply Kirchhoff’s laws;15.3 Potential divider 2 (c) explain a potential divider as a source of variable voltage;

(d) explain the uses of shunts and multipliers;

15.4 Potentiometer and Wheatstone bridge 7 (e) explain the working principles of a potentiometer, and its uses;(f) explain the working principles of a Wheatstone bridge, and its uses;(g) solve problems involving potentiometer and Wheatstone bridge.

16 Magnetic Fields 18

16.1 Concept of a magnetic field 116.2 Force on a moving charge 3 (b) use the formula for the force on a moving charge F = qv ×B;

(c) use the equation F = qvB sinθ to define magnetic flux density B;

(d) describe the motion of a charged particle parallel and perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field;

16.3 Force on a current carrying conductor 3(f) derive and use the equation F = IlBsinθ ;

16.4 Magnetic fields due to currents 4

3

g) derive and use the equation σ = ne2t/ m(h) define resistivity, and use the formula ρ = RA/l

(j) explain the dependence of resistivity on temperature for metals and semiconductors by using the equation σ = ne2t/ m

(k) discuss the effects of temperature change on the resistivity of conductors, semiconductors and superconductors.

(a) explain magnetic field as a field of force produced by current-carrying conductors or by permanent magnets;

(e) explain the existence of magnetic force on a straight current-carrying conductor placed in a uniform magnetic field;

(g) state Ampere’s law, and use it to derive the magnetic field of a straight wire = μ0I / 2πr ;

(h) use the formulae B = μ 0NI /2r for a circular coil and B = μ0nI for a solenoid;

16.5 Force between two current-carrying conductors (i) derive and use the formula F = μ I I l/2πd for the force between two parallel current-carrying conductors;

16.6 Determination of the ratio e/m 2

16.7 Hall effect 2(m) state the applications of Hall effect.

17 Electromagnetic Induction 1817.1 Magnetic flux 1 (a) define magnetic flux as Φ = B• A;17.2 Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law 8 (b) state and use Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law;

17.3 Self induction 5 (d) explain the phenomenon of self-induction, and define self-inductance;

of a solenoid

17.4 Energy stored in an inductor 217.5 Mutual induction 2 (h) explain the phenomenon of mutual induction,and define mutual inductance;

18 Alternating Current Circuits

18.1 Alternating current through a resistor 3

(c) explain the phase difference between the current and voltage for a pure resistor;

18.2 Alternating current through an inductor 3 (e) derive an expression for the current from V =V0 sinωt ;(f) explain the phase difference between the current and voltage for a pure inductor;(g) define the reactance of a pure inductor;(h) use the formula ; L X =ωL

18.3 Alternating current through a capacitor 3 (j) derive an expression for the current from V =V0 sinωt ;(k) explain the phase difference between the current and voltage for a pure capacitor;

(j) describe the motion of a charged particle in the presence of both magnetic and electric fields (for v, B and E perpendicular to each other);

(k) explain the principles of the determination of the ratio e/m for electrons in Thomson’s experiment (quantitative treatment is required);

(l) explain Hall effect, and derive an expression for Hall voltage VH ;

(c) derive and use the equation for induced e.m.f. in linear conductors and plane coils in uniform magnetic fields;

(e) use the formulae E = - L dI / dt and LI = NΦ ;

(f) derive and use the equation for the self inductance L = μ0 N2A / l ;

(g) use the formula for the energy stored in an inductor U = 1/2 LI 2;

(i) derive an expression for the mutual inductance between two coaxial solenoids of the same cross-sectional area M= μ0 Np Ns / l p

(a) explain the concept of the r.m.s. value of an alternating current, and calculate its value for the sinusoidal case only

(b) derive an expression for the current from V =V0 sinωt ;

(d) derive and use the formula for the power in an alternating current circuit which consists only of a pure resistor;

(i) derive and use the formula for the power in an alternating current circuit which consists only of a pure inductor;

(l) define the reactance of a pure capacitor;

18.4 R-C and R-L circuits in series 3 (o) define impedance;

(q) sketch the phasor diagrams of R-C and R-L circuits.

19 Oscillations 12

1 (a) define simple harmonic motion;

19.2 Kinematics of simple harmonic motion 4 (b) show that x = Asinωt is a solution of a = −ω2x;

(d) describe, with graphical illustrations, the variation in displacement, velocity and acceleration with time;

(e) describe, with graphical illustrations, the variation in velocity and acceleration with displacement;19.3 Energy in simple harmonic motion 2 (f) derive and use the expressions for kinetic energy and potential energy;

19.4 Systems in simple harmonic motion 3 (h) derive and use expressions for the periods of oscillations for spring-mass and simple pendulum systems;19.5 Damped oscillations 1 (i) describe the changes in amplitude and energy for a damped oscillating system;

(j) distinguish between under damping, critical damping and over damping;19.6 Forced oscillations and resonance 1 (k) distinguish between free oscillations and forced oscillations;

(l) state the conditions for resonance to occur.20 Wave Motion 1220.1 Progressive waves 3 (a) interpret and use the progressive wave equation y = A sin (ω t − kx) or y = A cos (ω t − kx);

(b) sketch and interpret the displacement-time graph and the displacement-distance graph;(c) use the formula φ = 2 πx /λ ;(d) derive and use the relationship v = fλ ;

20.2 Wave intensity 2 (e) define intensity and use the relationship I A2 ;∝(f) describe the variation of intensity with distance of a point source in space;

20.3 Principle of superposition 1 (g) state the principle of superposition;20.4 Standing waves 4 (h) use the principle of superposition to explain the formation of standing waves;

(m) use the formula X c=1 /ωC

(n) derive and use the formula for the power in an alternating current circuit which consists only of a pure capacitor;

(p) use the formula Z = /(R2 + (X L − XC )2) ;

THIRD TERM: OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES, OPTICS, AND MODERN PHYSICS

19.1 Characteristics of simple harmonic motion

(c) derive and use the formula v = ±ω/( A2 − x2) ;

(g) describe, with graphical illustrations, the variation in kinetic energy and potential energy with time and displacement;

(i) derive and interpret the standing wave equation;(j) distinguish between progressive and standing waves;

20.5 Electromagnetic waves 2(l) state the characteristics of electromagnetic waves;(m) compare electromagnetic waves with mechanical waves;

21 Sound Waves 1221.1 Propagation of sound waves 2 (a) explain the propagation of sound waves in air

(b) interpret the equations for displacement y = y0 sin (ω t − kx) and pressure p = p0 sin(ωt - kt + π/2)

21.2 Sources of sound 2

21.3 Intensity level of sound 2 (f) define and calculate the intensity level of sound;21.4 Beat 2 (g) use the principle of superposition to explain the formation of beats;

21.5 Doppler effect 422 Geometrical Optics 822.1 Spherical mirrors 3 (a) use the relationship f = r/2 for spherical mirrors;

(b) draw ray diagrams to show the formation of images by concave mirrors and convex mirrors;(c) use the formula 1/u + 1/v = 1/f for spherical mirrors

22.2 Refraction at spherical surfaces 2

22.3 Thin lenses 2(f) use the thin lens formula and lensmaker’s equation.

23 Wave Optics 1623.1 Huygens’s principle 1 (a) state the Huygens’s principle;

(b) use the Huygens’s principle to explain interference and diffraction phenomena;

(k) state that electromagnetic waves are made up of electrical vibrations E = E0 sin (ω t − kx) and magnetic vibrations B = B0 sin (ω t − kx);

(n) state the formula c = 1 / /(ε 0μ0 ) , and explain its significance;

(o) state the orders of the magnitude of wavelengths and frequencies for different types of electromagnetic waves.

(c) use the standing wave equation to determine the positions of nodes and antinodes of a standing wave along a stretched string;

(d) use the formula n= SQRT(T/μ) to determine the frequencies of the sound produced by different modes of vibration of the standing waves along a stretched string;

(e) describe, with appropriate diagrams, the different modes of vibration of standing waves in air columns, and calculate the frequencies of sound produced, including the determination of end correction;

(h) use the formula for beat frequency f = f1 − f2;

(i) describe the Doppler effect for sound, and use the derived formulae (for source and/or observer moving along the same line).

(d) use the formula n1/u + n2/v =( n2 - n1 )/ r for refraction at spherical surfaces;

(e) use the formula n1/u + n2/v =( n2 - n1 )/ r to derive the thin lens formula 1/u + 1/v = 1/f and lensmaker’s equation 1/fm = (nl/nm -1)(1/r1 - 1/r2)

23.2 Interference 2 (c) explain the concept of coherence;(d) explain the concept of optical path difference, and solve related problems;(e) state the conditions for constructive and destructive interferences;

23.3 Two-slit interference pattern 2 (f) explain Young’s two-slit interference pattern;

23.4 Interference in a thin film 2 (h) explain the phenomenon of thin film interference for normal incident light, and solve related problems;23.5 Diffraction by a single slit 2 (i) explain the diffraction pattern for a single slit;

(j) use the formula sin θ = λ/a for the first minimum in the diffraction pattern for a single slit;k) use the formula sin θ = λ/a as the resolving power of an aperture;

23.6 Diffraction gratings 3 (l) explain the diffraction pattern for a diffraction grating;

(n) describe the use of a diffraction grating to formthe spectrum of white light, and to determinethe wavelength of monochromatic light;

23.7 Polarisation 2 (o) state that polarisation is a property of transverse waves;(p) explain the polarisation of light obtained by reflection or using a polariser;

23.8 Optical waveguides 2 (s) explain the basic principles of fibre optics and waveguides.(t) state the applications of fibre optics and waveguides.

24 Quantum Physics 2024.1 Photons 8 (a) describe the important observations in photoelectric experiments;

(c) use the equation E = hf for a photon;(d) explain the meaning of work function and threshold frequency;

24.2 Wave-particle duality 2 (g) state de Broglie’s hypothesis;(h) use the relation λ = h/p to calculate de Broglie wavelength;(i) interpret the electron diffraction pattern as an evidence of the wave nature of electrons;(j) explain the advantages of an electron microscope as compared to an optical microscope;

24.3 Atomic structure 4 (k) state Bohr’s postulates for a hydrogen atom;(l) derive an expression for the radii of the orbits in Bohr’s model;

(g) derive and use the formula l = ax/ D for the fringe separation in Young’s interference pattern;

(m) use the formula d sin θ = mλ for a diffraction grating;

(q) use the Brewster’s law tan θB = n;

(r) use the Malus’s law I = I0 cos2 θ ;

(b) recognise the features of the photoelectric effect that cannot be explained by wave theory, and explain these features using the concept of quantisation of light;

(e) use Einstein’s equation for the photoelectric effect hf = W + 1/2mv2 max

(f) explain the meaning of stopping potential, and use eVs = 1/2mv2 max

(n) explain the production of emission line spectra with reference to the transitions between energy levels;(o) explain the concepts of excitation energy and ionisation energy;

24.4 X-rays 5 (p) interpret X-ray spectra obtained from X-ray tubes;(q) explain the characteristic line spectrum and continuous spectrum including λmin in X-rays;

(s) describe X-ray diffraction by two parallel adjacent atomic planes;(t) derive and use Bragg’s law 2d sin θ = mλ ;

24.5 Nanoscience 1 (u) explain the basic concept of nanoscience;(v) state the applications of nanoscience in electronics devices.

25 Nuclear Physics 1425.1 Nucleus 4 (a) describe the discovery of protons and neutrons (experimental details are not required);

(b) explain mass defect and binding energy;

(d) relate and use the units u and eV;(e) sketch and interpret a graph of binding energy per nucleon against nucleon number;

25.2 Radioactivity 6 (f) explain radioactive decay as a spontaneous and random process;(g) define radioactive activity;

(i) define decay constant;

(l) solve problems involving the applications of radioisotopes as tracers in medical physics;25.3 Nuclear reactions 4 (m) state and apply the conservation of nucleon number and charge in nuclear reactions;

(p) explain the conditions for a chain reaction to occur;(q) describe a controlled fission process in a reactor;(r) describe a nuclear fusion process which occurs in the Sun.

m)Derive the fomula En= - Z2 e4 m /8e02h2n2 for Bohr’s model;

(r) derive and use the equation lmin = hc / eV

(c) use the formula for mass-energy equivalence ΔE = Δmc2;

(h) state and use the exponential law dN/dt = -lN for radioactive decay;

(j) derive and use the formula N = N0e−λt ;

(k) define half-life, and derive the relation l = ln2/t 1/2

(n) apply the principle of mass-energy conservation to calculate the energy released (Q – value) in a nuclear reaction;

(o) relate the occurrence of fission and fusion to the graph of binding energy per nucleon against nucleon number;

1.1 Base quantities andSI units1.2 Dimensions of physical quantities1.3 Scalars and vectors1.4 Uncertainties in measurements10.1 Heat capacities10.2 Work done by a gas10.3 First law of thermodynamics10.4 Isothermal and adiabatic changes11.1 Conduction11.2 Convection11.3 Radiation11.4 Global warming12.1 Coulomb’s law12.2 Electric field12.3 Gauss’s law12.4 Electric potential13.1 Capacitance13.2 Parallel plate capacitor13.3 Dielectrics13.4 Capacitors in series and in parallel13.5 Energy stored in a charged capacitor13.6 Charging and discharging of a capacitor14.1 Conduction of electricity14.2 Drift velocity14.3 Current density14.4 Electric conductivity and resistivity15.1 Internal resistance15.2 Kirchhoff’s laws15.3 Potential divider15.4 Potentiometer and Wheatstone bridge16.1 Concept of a magnetic field16.2 Force on a moving charge16.3 Force on a current carrying conductor16.4 Magnetic fields due to currents16.5 Force between two current-carrying conductors16.6 Determination of the ratio e/m16.7 Hall effect17.1 Magnetic flux17.2 Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law17.3 Self induction17.4 Energy stored in an inductor17.5 Mutual induction18.1 Alternating current through a resistor18.2 Alternating current through an inductor18.3 Alternating current through a capacitor18.4 R-C and R-L circuits in series19.1 Characteristics of simple harmonic motion

19.2 Kinematics of simple harmonic motion19.3 Energy in simple harmonic motion19.4 Systems in simple19.5 Damped oscillations19.6 Forced oscillations and2.1 Linear motion2.2 Projectiles20.1 Progressive waves20.2 Wave intensity20.3 Principle of superposition20.4 Standing waves20.5 Electromagnetic waves21 Sound Waves21.1 Propagation of sound21.2 Sources of sound21.3 Intensity level of21.4 Beat3.1 Newton’s laws of motion3.2 Linear momentum and its conservation3.3 Elastic and inelastic collisions3.4 Centre of mass3.5 Frictional forces4.1 Work4.2 Potential energy and kinetic energy4.3 Power5.1 Angular displacement and angular velocity5.2 Centripetal acceleration5.3 Centripetal force6.1 Newton’s law of universal gravitation6.2 Gravitational field6.3 Gravitational potential6.4 Satellite motion in a circular orbit6.5 Escape velocity7.1 Centre of gravity7.2 Equilibrium of particles7.3 Equilibrium of rigid bodies8.1 Stress and strain8.2 Force-extension graph and stress-strain graph8.3 Strain energy9.1 Ideal gas equation9.2 Pressure of a gas9.3 Molecular kinetic energy9.4 The r.m.s. speed of molecules9.5 Degrees of freedom and law of equipartition of energy9.6 Internal energy of an ideal gas10 Thermodynamics of Gases11 Heat Transfer12 Electrostatics

13 Capacitors14 Electric Current15 Direct Current Circuits16 Magnetic Fields17 Electromagnetic Induction18 Alternating Current Circuits19 Oscillations20 Wave Motion1 Physical Quantities and Units2 Kinematics3 Dynamics4 Work, Energy and Power5 Circular Motion6 Gravitation7 Statics8 Deformation of Solids9 Kinetic Theory of Gasesharmonic motionresonanceSECOND TERM: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISMsoundTHIRD TERM: OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES, OPTICS, AND MODERN PHYSICSwaves

1 2 3 41 1. 1.1 1.1 1 1. 1.2 1.2 1 1. 1.3 1.3 1 1. 1.4 1.4 1 10 10. 10.11 10 10. 10.21 10 10. 10.31 10 10. 10.41 11 11. 11.11 11 11. 11.21 11 11. 11.31 11 11. 11.41 12 12. 12.11 12 12. 12.21 12 12. 12.31 12 12. 12.41 13 13. 13.11 13 13. 13.21 13 13. 13.31 13 13. 13.41 13 13. 13.51 13 13. 13.61 14 14. 14.11 14 14. 14.21 14 14. 14.31 14 14. 14.41 15 15. 15.11 15 15. 15.21 15 15. 15.31 15 15. 15.41 16 16. 16.11 16 16. 16.21 16 16. 16.31 16 16. 16.41 16 16. 16.51 16 16. 16.61 16 16. 16.71 17 17. 17.11 17 17. 17.21 17 17. 17.31 17 17. 17.41 17 17. 17.51 18 18. 18.11 18 18. 18.21 18 18. 18.31 18 18. 18.41 19 19. 19.1

1 19 19. 19.21 19 19. 19.31 19 19. 19.41 19 19. 19.51 19 19. 19.62 2. 2.1 2.1 2 2. 2.2 2.2 2 20 20. 20.12 20 20. 20.22 20 20. 20.32 20 20. 20.42 20 20. 20.52 21 21 2 21 21. 21.12 21 21. 21.22 21 21. 21.32 21 21. 21.43 3. 3.1 3.1 3 3. 3.2 3.2 3 3. 3.3 3.3 3 3. 3.4 3.4 3 3. 3.5 3.5 4 4. 4.1 4.1 4 4. 4.2 4.2 4 4. 4.3 4.3 5 5. 5.1 5.1 5 5. 5.2 5.2 5 5. 5.3 5.3 6 6. 6.1 6.1 6 6. 6.2 6.2 6 6. 6.3 6.3 6 6. 6.4 6.4 6 6. 6.5 6.5 7 7. 7.1 7.1 7 7. 7.2 7.2 7 7. 7.3 7.3 8 8. 8.1 8.1 8 8. 8.2 8.2 8 8. 8.3 8.3 9 9. 9.1 9.1 9 9. 9.2 9.2 9 9. 9.3 9.3 9 9. 9.4 9.4 9 9. 9.5 9.5 9 9. 9.6 9.6 1 10 10 1 11 11 1 12 12

1 13 13 1 14 14 1 15 15 1 16 16 1 17 17 1 18 18 1 19 19 2 20 20 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9

1 2 31 Physical Quantities and Units 6 1 1 1 P1.1 Base quantities andSI units 1 1 1. 1.11.2 Dimensions of physical quantities 1 1 1. 1.21.3 Scalars and vectors 2 1 1. 1.31.4 Uncertainties in measurements 2 1 1. 1.42 Kinematics 6 2 2 2 K2.1 Linear motion 2 2 2. 2.12.2 Projectiles 4 2 2. 2.23 Dynamics 12 3 3 3 D3.1 Newton’s laws of motion 4 3 3. 3.13.2 Linear momentum and its conservation 3 3 3. 3.23.3 Elastic and inelastic collisions 2 3 3. 3.33.4 Centre of mass 1 3 3. 3.43.5 Frictional forces 2 3 3. 3.54 Work, Energy and Power 5 4 4 4 W4.1 Work 2 4 4. 4.14.2 Potential energy and kinetic energy 2 4 4. 4.24.3 Power 1 4 4. 4.35 Circular Motion 8 5 5 5 C5.1 Angular displacement and angular velocity 1 5 5. 5.15.2 Centripetal acceleration 2 5 5. 5.25.3 Centripetal force 5 5 5. 5.36 Gravitation 10 6 6 6 G6.1 Newton’s law of universal gravitation 1 6 6. 6.16.2 Gravitational field 2 6 6. 6.26.3 Gravitational potential 3 6 6. 6.36.4 Satellite motion in a circular orbit 3 6 6. 6.46.5 Escape velocity 1 6 6. 6.57 Statics 6 7 7 7 S7.1 Centre of gravity 1 7 7. 7.17.2 Equilibrium of particles 1 7 7. 7.27.3 Equilibrium of rigid bodies 4 7 7. 7.38 Deformation of Solids 5 8 8 8 D8.1 Stress and strain 1 8 8. 8.18.2 Force-extension graph and stress-strain graph 2 8 8. 8.28.3 Strain energy 2 8 8. 8.39 Kinetic Theory of Gases 14 9 9 9 K9.1 Ideal gas equation 2 9 9. 9.19.2 Pressure of a gas 2 9 9. 9.29.3 Molecular kinetic energy 2 9 9. 9.39.4 The r.m.s. speed of molecules 2 9 9. 9.4

9.5 Degrees of freedom and law of equipartition of energy 3 9 9. 9.59.6 Internal energy of an ideal gas 3 9 9. 9.610 Thermodynamics of Gases 14 1 10 10 10.1 Heat capacities 2 1 10 10.10.2 Work done by a gas 1 1 10 10.

10.3 First law of thermodynamics 5 1 10 10.10.4 Isothermal and adiabatic changes 6 1 10 10.11 Heat Transfer 10 1 11 11 11.1 Conduction 5 1 11 11.11.2 Convection 1 1 11 11.11.3 Radiation 3 1 11 11.11.4 Global warming 1 1 11 11.SECOND TERM: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM S SE SEC12 Electrostatics 12 1 12 12 12.1 Coulomb’s law 2 1 12 12.12.2 Electric field 3 1 12 12.12.3 Gauss’s law 4 1 12 12.12.4 Electric potential 3 1 12 12.13 Capacitors 12 1 13 13 13.1 Capacitance 1 1 13 13.13.2 Parallel plate capacitor 2 1 13 13.13.3 Dielectrics 2 1 13 13.13.4 Capacitors in series and in parallel 2 1 13 13.13.5 Energy stored in a charged capacitor 1 1 13 13.13.6 Charging and discharging of a capacitor 4 1 13 13.14 Electric Current 1 14 14 14.1 Conduction of electricity 2 1 14 14.14.2 Drift velocity 2 1 14 14.14.3 Current density 2 1 14 14.14.4 Electric conductivity and resistivity 4 1 14 14.15 Direct Current Circuits 14 1 15 15 15.1 Internal resistance 1 1 15 15.15.2 Kirchhoff’s laws 4 1 15 15.15.3 Potential divider 2 1 15 15.15.4 Potentiometer and Wheatstone bridge 7 1 15 15.16 Magnetic Fields 18 1 16 16 16.1 Concept of a magnetic field 1 1 16 16.16.2 Force on a moving charge 3 1 16 16.16.3 Force on a current carrying conductor 3 1 16 16.16.4 Magnetic fields due to currents 4 1 16 16.16.5 Force between two current-carrying conductors 3 1 16 16.16.6 Determination of the ratio e/m 2 1 16 16.16.7 Hall effect 2 1 16 16.17 Electromagnetic Induction 18 1 17 17 17.1 Magnetic flux 1 1 17 17.17.2 Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law 8 1 17 17.17.3 Self induction 5 1 17 17.17.4 Energy stored in an inductor 2 1 17 17.17.5 Mutual induction 2 1 17 17.18 Alternating Current Circuits 1 18 18 18.1 Alternating current through a resistor 3 1 18 18.18.2 Alternating current through an inductor 3 1 18 18.18.3 Alternating current through a capacitor 3 1 18 18.

18.4 R-C and R-L circuits in series 3 1 18 18.

T TH THI19 Oscillations 12 1 19 19 19.1 Characteristics of simple harmonic motion 1 1 19 19.19.2 Kinematics of simple harmonic motion 4 1 19 19.19.3 Energy in simple harmonic motion 2 1 19 19.19.4 Systems in simple harmonic motion 3 1 19 19.19.5 Damped oscillations 1 1 19 19.19.6 Forced oscillations and resonance 1 1 19 19.20 Wave Motion 12 2 20 20 20.1 Progressive waves 3 2 20 20.20.2 Wave intensity 2 2 20 20.20.3 Principle of superposition 1 2 20 20.20.4 Standing waves 4 2 20 20.20.5 Electromagnetic waves 2 2 20 20.21 Sound Waves 12 2 21 21 21.1 Propagation of sound waves 2 2 21 21.21.2 Sources of sound 2 2 21 21.21.3 Intensity level of sound 2 2 21 21.21.4 Beat 2 2 21 21.21.5 Doppler effect 4 2 21 21.22 Geometrical Optics 8 2 22 22 22.1 Spherical mirrors 3 2 22 22.22.2 Refraction at spherical surfaces 2 2 22 22.22.3 Thin lenses 2 2 22 22.23 Wave Optics 16 2 23 23 23.1 Huygens’s principle 1 2 23 23.23.2 Interference 2 2 23 23.23.3 Two-slit interference pattern 2 2 23 23.23.4 Interference in a thin film 2 2 23 23.23.5 Diffraction by a single slit 2 2 23 23.23.6 Diffraction gratings 3 2 23 23.23.7 Polarisation 2 2 23 23.23.8 Optical waveguides 2 2 23 23.24 Quantum Physics 20 2 24 24 24.1 Photons 8 2 24 24.24.2 Wave-particle duality 2 2 24 24.24.3 Atomic structure 4 2 24 24.24.4 X-rays 5 2 24 24.24.5 Nanoscience 1 2 24 24.25 Nuclear Physics 14 2 25 25 25.1 Nucleus 4 2 25 25.25.2 Radioactivity 6 2 25 25.25.3 Nuclear reactions 4 2 25 25.

THIRD TERM: OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES, OPTICS, AND MODERN PHYSICS

41 Ph1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2 Ki2.1 2.2 3 Dy3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 Wo4.1 4.2 4.3 5 Ci5.1 5.2 5.3 6 Gr6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 7 St7.1 7.2 7.3 8 De8.1 8.2 8.3 9 Ki9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

9.5 9.6 10 T10.110.2

10.310.411 H11.111.211.311.4SECO12 E12.112.212.312.413 C13.113.213.313.413.513.614 E14.114.214.314.415 D15.115.215.315.416 M16.116.216.316.416.516.616.717 E17.117.217.317.417.518 A18.118.218.3

18.4

THIR19 O19.119.219.319.419.519.620 W20.120.220.320.420.521 S21.121.221.321.421.522 G22.122.222.323 W23.123.223.323.423.523.623.723.824 Q24.124.224.324.424.525 N25.125.225.3