SY2012-2013 4Qtr Lesson 15 Music II - Traditional Japanese Musical Instruments and the Gagaku...

7/30/2019 SY2012-2013 4Qtr Lesson 15 Music II - Traditional Japanese Musical Instruments and the Gagaku Ensemble

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UNIT IV: TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF

JAPANLesson 16: Traditional Japanese Musical

Instruments and the Gagaku Ensemble

Established Goal:

Students show appreciation to the

Japanese for their traditional musicalinstruments and theirGagaku

ensemble.


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Enduring UnderstandingUnderstand that

Theatrical performances are neverwithout accompaniment to create a

musical ensemble.


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Essential Questions

1. How do Japanese musical

instruments make a difference intheatrical performances which the

Japanese are noted for or excel in also?

2. Why is the Gagaku ensemble

representative of Japanese culture?


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Objectives

Know that 1. The Japanese musical instruments

play an important role in theatrical

performances.2. The Gagaku ensemble is the oldest

Japanese musical tradition that performs

dances and songs with the appropriate

accompaniment.


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Chinese music had a verysignificant influence in

Japanese music and one of itsevidence is the adaptation and

modification of musical

instruments.


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Sho
http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=sho+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Y8tlvRRyy4LYhM&tbnid=NaMpPWrH36Ko-M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonic.net%2F~tabine%2FJ7A%2FJ7Acrossterm%2Fgagaku%2Fgagaku.html&ei=G44YUdi8L4a5iQfPs4GABg&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNE_RAWoo80ShMq6mLx9gR5QHPs0Pg&ust=1360649988807241http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=sho+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=EzlxCaYPwfIEzM&tbnid=onRYVmrOa2r6hM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hm.h555.net%2F~irom%2Fbook_5%2Fmusical_instrument%2Fsho.html&ei=oo0YUa7cA--ViQfBtoD4Ag&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNE_RAWoo80ShMq6mLx9gR5QHPs0Pg&ust=1360649988807241


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Hichiricki
http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=hichiricki+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=vMadxWjrJMxsJM&tbnid=gwy2f6Ynp-c1sM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elco.k12.pa.us%2Fms%2Faalessons%2Felcomsmuswebsite%2520August11%2Fmiowpage7.html&ei=oY4YUdHZO62ZiAehzoDYBw&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNHp1iwA8ftHa8fjnKsZut6Suy00Yw&ust=1360650206107397


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Shakuhachi
http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=shakuhachi+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=tVJJfbxpDu1PqM&tbnid=mmX4iTMOssjiKM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hm.h555.net%2F~irom%2Fbook_5%2Fmusical_instrument%2Fshakuhachi.html&ei=TY8YUcLdEI6higePmYCABQ&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNF2YjgT3BrRGokjUCkRpOgewjyN9Q&ust=1360650390960683


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Shamisen
http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=shamisen+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=sH8q9jgb-TJaoM&tbnid=ySuRMyCe1KOtJM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iromegane.com%2Fjapan%2Ftraditional-or-modern-tsugaru-shamisen-rock%2F&ei=vI8YUbXUEOq3iQfpwIHwDg&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEY6cSS-Az64kzr0FeBdTSjVWVN9g&ust=1360650511190860


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Biwa
http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=biwa+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rnBxkKl0QIw3GM&tbnid=uSaYm4LK8vRQgM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Finstrumundo.blogspot.com%2F2012%2F12%2Fbiwa.html&ei=_5AYUc-4JMOpiAeR9YC4Cw&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNF20z7I072GL3NCz5nBHF3oAKbizA&ust=1360650715724225http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=biwa+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rnBxkKl0QIw3GM&tbnid=uSaYm4LK8vRQgM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Finstrumundo.blogspot.com%2F2012%2F12%2Fbiwa.html&ei=_5AYUc-4JMOpiAeR9YC4Cw&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNF20z7I072GL3NCz5nBHF3oAKbizA&ust=1360650715724225


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Koto
http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=koto+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=GQx1m6LgghpNbM&tbnid=8ffM8NSfTTqloM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Flalettremagique.canalblog.com%2Farchives%2Fles_instruments_traditionnels_japonais%2Findex.html&ei=mpEYUbC_N4uZiAeqsICQDA&bvm=bv.42080656,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEmAmrkV4SPHruDa3YIASyX9nxCKQ&ust=1360650990447293


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http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=koto+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=U5kAI0fD1VHAKM&tbnid=-E5BT-dNhrTZ-M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brisbanemartialarts.com%2FKoto.html&ei=3pEYUdL_CJGTiAe0wICIBg&psig=AFQjCNEmAmrkV4SPHruDa3YIASyX9nxCKQ&ust=1360650990447293


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Da-daiko
http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Da-daiko+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=uN_8S3jkX9tiqM&tbnid=8pmqql8o9jHwKM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdarumasan.blogspot.com%2F2005%2F04%2Fgakki-musical-instruments01.html&ei=o5IYUc-fLsePiAeo74CACw&psig=AFQjCNE61qXJAGWHAJNrAw7xUi2m0nBgfA&ust=1360651212790017


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Kakko
http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Kakko+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=6NiSamvOo3GzDM&tbnid=EtZud4J78tcNDM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuroda.co.uk%2Fmusical_instruements%2Fmusical_instruements.htm&ei=DpMYUZXoB5CwiQetqIDwCQ&psig=AFQjCNFzkogMGkDupTqON6kROTTW7ZwIFw&ust=1360651378464183


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Shoko
http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=shoko+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=C3gTkx7f_hX5IM&tbnid=XSYYoQhVd3s7qM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.studyblue.com%2Fnotes%2Fnote%2Fn%2Ffinal-music-note-cards%2Fdeck%2F233456&ei=qZMYUYjwF--QiAfEhIGwBg&psig=AFQjCNFiJGP_tJox3dbv2EOFIylHL7XcIQ&ust=1360651514416293http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=tsuri-daiko+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=-kHBcIj9kIsiRM&tbnid=bXP1464E44TUEM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fmusic71japanese.wikispaces.com%2F&ei=QZQYUYmlHYeUiQf7kYDADQ&psig=AFQjCNH11A-pV0m_Z-GhAM6c5ePCIe7uKg&ust=1360651691821573


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Tsuri-daiko
http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=tsuri-daiko+instrument&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=-kHBcIj9kIsiRM&tbnid=bXP1464E44TUEM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fmusic71japanese.wikispaces.com%2F&ei=QZQYUYmlHYeUiQf7kYDADQ&psig=AFQjCNH11A-pV0m_Z-GhAM6c5ePCIe7uKg&ust=1360651691821573


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The Gagaku Ensemble

Japan has two important traditional music namely:

I. Gagaku (court music)II.Shomyo (Buddhist chant)

Gagaku has three musical styles:1. Togaku the highest musical style and is

used in court music. This forms the largestpart of the repertoire that has Chinese,

Indian and Central Asian elements of music.


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Togaku royal court music ensemble


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2. Komagaku (with Koreanmusic origin), is performed at

the courts by nobles andprofessional musicians. It is also

a composition associated with

rituals of Shinto religion.


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3. Utamono is the third group

of gagaku which includesvarious gagaku music like

Entenraku, the most famousgagaku instrumental piece with

no dance accompaniment.

Entenraku means music of

divinity. It is imported from

Tang Dynasty in China.


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Each instrument in the gagaku

ensemble plays a distinct melodic line.

No two instruments play exactly the

same part.

There are eight instruments in the

gagaku ensemble.

It is composed of three wind

instruments (ryuteki, hichiricki, sho) thatoften play the melodic part of the

composition and are considered as the

most important section in the


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It is also composed of two commonstring instruments (biwa and koto) which

play the repeated melodic line of the

composition;and three percussion instruments

(taiko, shoko, kakko) that outline the

strong and weak beats of the melody.These instruments also stabilize the

rhythm.


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The Gagaku repertory today consists of

the four categories:1.Ritual Music for Shinto ceremonies. The

style of playing is solemn. It uses

simple flute and zither, hichiricki andwooden clappers for religious

purposes.

2. Songs. Songs ofgagaku, roei andsaibara have simple melodies derived

from ancient folk songs. It is

accompanied by the kangen ensemble.


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3. Bugaku. A dance music accompanied

by the entire gagaku ensemble or

sometimes, by a smaller group. Thedancers perform with very colorful and

expensive costumes and props.

4.Kangen. This ensemble includes

hichiricki (double reed vertical flute),

ryuteki (transverse flute),sho (bamboo

mouth organ), gakusou (koto zither),gaku-

biwa (biwa lute) and percussion

instruments (kakko, shoko, and taiko).

Kangen is an ensemble for instrumental

music

SY2012-2013 4Qtr Lesson 15 Music II - Traditional Japanese Musical Instruments and the Gagaku...

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