Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “International...
-
Upload
silvester-whitehead -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “International...
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “International Standardization - the Effective Instrument for Competitiveness Raising of the
Russian Industry”- 10 April 2008, the President Hotel, Moscow
Mr. Christer Arvíus
Chairman of UNECE WPon Regulatory cooperation and Standardization Policies
( Head of Department for Internal Market and Technical Rules,Swedish National Board of Trade )
“The UNECE model: transnational cooperationbased on good regulatory practice”
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
Арвиус Кристер,директор Коммерцколлегия Швеции, председатель Рабочей группы по политике в области нормативно-технического сотрудничества и стандартизации ЕЭК ООН г. Женева (Швейцария)
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
Kanada1,0
USA7,6
Central- och sydamerika
2,1
Island0,4
Norge9,4
Finland6,4
Storbritannien7,1
Irland0,5
Nederländerna5,1
Belgien 4,6
Frankrike 5,0
Spanien/Portugal 3,3
Schweiz0,9
Italien 3,2 Grekland0,5
Afrika 2,5 Turkiet0,8
Oceanien1,3
Japan1,2
Övriga länder Asien 4,4
När och mellan-östern 2,1
Österrike 1,0
Tyskland 10,4
Ryssland 2,0Danmark
7,4
EU
Övriga länder
Swedish export2007
Shares in %
Estland 0,8
Polen 2,5
Kina 1,9
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
0,0
20 000,0
40 000,0
60 000,0
80 000,0
100 000,0
120 000,0
140 000,0
160 000,0
Million EURO
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Exports Imports
EU(27) Trade in Goods with Russian Fed. 1999-2006
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
0,0
5 000,0
10 000,0
15 000,0
20 000,0
25 000,0
30 000,0
35 000,0
40 000,0
SEK Million
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Swedish Imports Swedish Exports
Trade in Goods between Sweden and Russian Fed. 1999-2007
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
Total Imports 140 635 Million EUROValue by commodity groups
Agriculture 971
Other goods 26121
Chemicals 3884
Wood 2121Minerals
12311
Mineral fuels 95226
EU(27) Imports from Russian Fed 2006
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
Total Exports 72 408 Million EUROValue by commodity groups
Transport equipment 8738
Machinery 25072
Paper, paper products 2512
Textiles, clothing, footwear 3965Minerals
4090
Chemicals, rubber products 12605
Agriculture 6668
Other goods6455
Instruments, photo/optical products
2303
EU(27) Exports to Russian Fed 2006
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
Total Imports 3795 Million EUROValue by commodity groups
Mineral fuels 3091
Chemicals 150Wood
105Minerals 363
Other goods 64
Agriculture 22
Swedish Imports from Russian Fed 2006
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
Total Exports 1 929 Million EUROValue by commodity groups
Machinery; 856
Minerals 148
Paper, paper products 130
Wood 20
Chemicals, rubber products 201
Agriculture 46
Other goods 157
Transport equipment 330
Instruments, photo/optical products
41
Swedish Exports to Russian Fed 2006
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
Products on the EU Market – proportions?
Products not subjectto legislation
Products subjectto nationallegislation
Productssubject to EU
legislation
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
If a Technical regulation is needed – Good Regulatory Practice (GRP)
should be followed
… and Regulatory Cooperation with other countries (i.e. transnational cooperation) should be considered…
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
At the 1st WTO/TBT Triennial Review, the TBT Committee reiterated that good regulatory practice for the preparation, adoption and application of technical regulations was a priority for Members to facilitate trade…and…the Committee agreed at the 2nd Triennial Review to continue an information exchange in this regard while noting that minimizing the use of mandatory technical regulations and using voluntary international standards, where appropriate, could reduce the regulatory burden and open up market access opportunities
One key element in Good Regulatory Practice (GRP)is the use of standards - Example 1
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
One key element in Good Regulatory Practice (GRP)is the use of standards - Example 2
From the “ASEM Guidelines for Best Regulatory Practice” (February 2000):http://www.asemsca.org/
-----
(c) Ensure that regulations are specified in terms of product characteristics, and that regulations aremet or presumed to be met by compliance to
standards or guidelines (preferably aligned with international standards)
-----
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
One key element in Good Regulatory Practice (GRP)is the use of standards - Example 3
From APEC’s “Information Notes on Good Practice for Technical Regulation” (September 2000):http://www.jisc.go.jp/eng/apec-asem/pdf/grp_info.pdf
-----
Technical Regulation- Performance-based regulations are more flexible than
prescriptive regulations.- Make reference to voluntary standards; align with international standards.- Achieve equivalency through recognition of standards
from other economies-----
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
The EUNEW APPROACH
is a regulatory modelbased on the
“standard receptive regulatory technique”
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
EUdirectives
The EU “New Approach” modelThe EU “New Approach” model
HarmENs
Internat.standards
Vienna andDresden
Agreements
= = =
=
Free circulation in EU
Increased international market access
MSlegislation
MS(national)standards
Nationalstandards
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
The UN/ECEINTERNATIONAL MODEL
(Recommendation “L”)is a regulatory cooperation model
based on the same “standard receptive regulatory technique”
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
International Model for technical harmonisation
The “International Model” is explained in a document with 22 paragraphs and three Annexes:
A. List of abbreviations used
B. Principal elements to be included in a Common Regulatory Objective (CRO), and
C. Administrative Procedures and Institutional Provisions
The “International Model” is published in the set of UN/ECE Recommendations on Standardization Policies and on the UN/ECE web site: http://www.unece.org/trade/stdpol
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
International Model for technical harmonisation
Abbreviations used in the model:
These are listed at Annex A:
CAB Conformity Assessment Body;
CRO Common Regulatory Objective;
ISB International Standardizing Body;
RCAB Recognised Conformity Assessment Body;
SDoC Supplier’s Declaration of Conformity;
TR Technical Regulation;
UN/ECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
International Modelfor technical harmonisation
Interested countries should agree on:
Common Regulatory Objectives (CROs). Principle elements in a CRO are set out at Annex B: - scope of products/product areas;
- legitimate regulatory objectives;
- applicable international standards;
- conformity assessment procedure/s to demonstrate compliance (when applicable, provisions on CABs recognised to assess and attest compliance);
- market surveillance;
- protection clause to withdraw non compliant products etc.
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
CommonRegulatoryObjectives
UNECE International Model – UNECE International Model – transnational cooperation for increased market accesstransnational cooperation for increased market access
Applicable(international)
standards
=
Increased international market access
=(if possible)
Nationallegislations
Nationalstandards
Swedish National Board of Trade - Christer Arvíus
UN/ECE International Model for technical harmonisation - provide tools for
Sectoral projects forregulatory convergence:
- Telecom
- Earth Moving Machinery
- Explosive equipment
- Other (Oil and gas pipeline safety; Organic Agriculture Products etc.)
[ Industry specifies their needs,Regulatory Authorities to be awareof the industry needs and willing to enter into a regulatory convergencedialogue ]
Regulatory techniques for regional integration:
- CIS agreement on the basics of harmonization of technical regulations
- South-East Europe
- Other regions