Integrated Urban Water

Management (IUWM)

An Integrated Approach To

Address Water Security In The

Cities

Ankur Gupta

Thematic Research Assistant (IUWM)

Global Water Partnership, Stockholm

Ljublajana, 4 April 2014

1. Introduction

Urbanization will be the defining trend over the next several decades. Today, 50% of the world’s 7 billion people live in cities, and, by 2050, this will rise to 70%.

Current models of urban planning and water management are not always effective from the perspective of cost effectiveness, technical performance, social equity and environmental sustainability.

A change in water management approach is needed in order to face existing urban water challenges but also to better shape the emerging cities of tomorrow.

Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) is an approach that is holistic, considering the entire water cycle as one and involving all relevant stakeholders.

Integrated Approach

Integrated Approach

One Cycle

(Sanitation, Stormwater,

surface water,groundwater

, wastewater)

Social(Poverty

reduction, inclusivenes,

gender)

Institutonal(Involvement of all stakeholders)

Geographic(River Basin Catchment

management)

Inter - Sector(WRM, water

supply, sanitation, energy, urban

agriculture)

Governance(Public, private,

social partnerships, decentralized

systems) URBAN WATER

SECURITY

Advantages of An Integrated Approach

• Get a holistic overview of current water uses and balance interests

and needs of users

• Ensure selection of appropriate solutions and reduce duplication and

contradiction of activities

• Increase awareness, cooperation and ownership

• Increasing Efficiency of Water Use – Reuse, Recycling, Demand

Management

• Increasing portfolio of water resources – stormwater, rainwater,

wastewater

• Positive Economic Impacts: Urban Agriculture, Job creation, savings

in expensive water treatment etc.

• Increased resilience against Floods and Droughts

• Effective River Basin and Catchment Management

Durban Experience....

Challenges:Poverty and job creation, Food security, Energy constraints, Migration,

Growing informal areas, Water demand, Climate variability

Beneficiation Strategies: Non-revenue water reduction, Improving service levels, Re-use of treated effluent, Biodiesel from Microalgae, Deep row entrenchment of sludges, Mini and pico hydro, Water Reuse, Rainwater harvesting, Use of effluents in agriculture, Stormwater and drainage

Approach: Integrated Water Management involving all stakeholders and integration through various sectors and governance. Also 3 levels of service: Regulated supply of 200kl/per day (free basic), Semi – pressure, Full pressure

This program has realized savings of R310m in the past 3 financial years at EWS at a cost of R152.6m

Results

5/5/2014 6

Job Creation with more than 60000 new jobs

Increased energy generation

Less firect discharge to sea

Singapore Water Story

Challenges: High Population and economic growth, 2 water sources: catchment, imported water from Malaysia, Low Sewer coverage, High Non Revenue Water

Approach: New Partnerships (PPP, Stakeholder involvement), Investing in Research and

Innovative Projects and Approaches

Increasing Water Supply + Managing Demand

Collecting every drop- rainwater, stormwater etc Leakage Control, Education

Collecting every used drop- water storage, Water Tariffs

increasing catchments

Recycle and Reuse

• 4 National Taps/Water Resources -

Resilient supply of water

• Unaccounted for Water below 5 % –

One of the lowest in the world

• Domestic water consumption per

capita reduced to 153 litres/day

• 100% of population served by potable

water at the tap & 100% modern

sanitation

• Integrated urban and water planning

to enhance the quality of our living

environment

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Singapore Water Story

Constraints: No Town Planning Code; No correlation between land rights and

customary rights; Agricultural production areas transformed into dwelling place

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APPROACH:

• Assessment of health risks associated with the use wastewater - Identification of

hazards in irrigation water, Identification of hazards in agricultural field, Risk analysis.

• Best practices for risk management - Promoting the use of treated wastewater,

Effectiveness of good agricultural practices, Consumer protection, Protection against soil and

groundwater salinization.

• Policy , legal and institutional aspects- Update of legal and regulatory framework,

Awareness of the administrative authorities and local communities for better management of

urban agriculture and Peri-urban agriculture, Promotion of master plans incorporating urban and

peri-urban agriculture and creativity

Urban Agriculture in Dakar (Senegal)

Results

• 60 % of the total production of

vegetables come from urban

agriculture(lettuce, pepper, onion,

tomato, cabbage, carrots, turnips)

• 250,000 people get most of their

income from market gardening

• Main sources for this production

:Used water, treated waste water,

national water supply.

• Potential to do much more: 300 000

m3 treated used water produced for

discharge, and only 6000 m3 is

being used !!!

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IUWM Modular Approach

IUWM Modules

• A basic IUWM Awareness Raising Module - designed to be implemented in aone day event, targeting decision makers, urban planners and senior water sectormanagers.

• 3 Kick-Off Modules – Following a cascade approach, these are designed to beimplemented as first steps at city level, in guiding decision makers, planners andfacilitators to get organized for the implementation of IUWM.

• 4 Planning Modules - designed to be implemented as the next step To makewater balances, economic assessments, technology selection and Support cityPlanners to develop IUWM Proposals.

IUWM Awareness Raising Module

It includes awareness raising and case building on IUWM and

consensus building from decision makers, financing partners and other

stakeholders to develop a common vision and goal. The main aim

here is to generate political will to induce an IUWM approach at

national or city levels and to get financial backing for the same.

KICKOFF Modules - 1

Manual for stakeholder Engagement - Tool to provide direction on identifying the relevant stakeholders support in facilitating communication in stakeholder processes and engagement in planning

Institutional mapping tool - guide for effective institutions. It starts with a mapping process of interests and relationships among different institutions relevant for IUWM. These relationships can be compared to effective IUWM institutions and suitable transition steps can be identified and developed.

KICKOFF Modules - 2

IUWM Diagnostics Tool – To evaluate and appraise cities for their readiness to implement IUWM in different spheres. A suitability index will also be developed to compare the readiness.

Planning modules - 1

Urban Water Balance Modelling Tool - to identify additional water sources, prioritizing their selection, and assessing water flows and contaminant fluxes capturing developing country conditions such as on-site sanitation (i.e., pit latrines, septic tanks) and different water users (i.e., public taps, yard taps).

Technology Selection Tool - to identify and select technologies appropriate to implementing the principles of IUWM such as sustainable sanitation, water demand management, leakage management, greater recycling, resource recovery (energy and nutrients), cascading water use and water neutrality.

Credits: www.sswm.info

Planning modules -2

Economic assessment tool - tool will support

better economic and financial development decisions. The tool will provide a way to look beyond the bottom line of capital outlays.

Project development and financing - This module will guide city planners in Working out an IUWM Project proposal within existing urban planning formwork and strategies, and will be proposing various financing options

Programmatic Approach to IUWM

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Future Activities and Potential Programmes

Caribbean: Workshop in June: Consultation to develop a regional programme for

IUWM with key focus area as wastewater management.

Mongolia: Workshop in July: Awareness raising and to get Stakeholders

organized and develop a common vision and initiate consultations for reagional

IUWM activities.

Cameroon: Strong interests from Ministers and utilities.

Africa Water Week: GWP is co-convener of Theme Water Quality and

Wastewater treatment. Generate awareness and identify potential interests to

develop IUWM in Africa.

Linking IUWM Programme with Sustainable

Sanitation Programme

Building on Sustainable Sanitation Programme: In CEE, within the wider

IUWM framework.

Learning from Sustainable Sanitation Programme to link with Regional

Caribbean Programme

Thank You

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