Sustainable TourismSustainable TourismCOLBOURNE COLLEGECOLBOURNE COLLEGE

SADEKE SMITHSADEKE SMITH

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

What is Sustainable Tourism?What is Sustainable Tourism?

How can it be achieved in the How can it be achieved in the Caribbean?Caribbean?

INTRODUCTION (cont’d.)INTRODUCTION (cont’d.)

Is it hard to achieve Sustainability?Is it hard to achieve Sustainability?

What are the appropriate policy options and What are the appropriate policy options and strategies for achieving Sustainable Tourism strategies for achieving Sustainable Tourism in the Caribbean?in the Caribbean?

OBJECTIVES OF THE OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSECOURSE

Understand the concept of sustainable Understand the concept of sustainable tourism and its relevance to the tourism and its relevance to the CaribbeanCaribbean

Identify the value of tourism to Caribbean Identify the value of tourism to Caribbean

economies and the impacts of tourism economies and the impacts of tourism (economic, social, cultural and (economic, social, cultural and environmental) environmental)

Understand what is required for Understand what is required for sustainability and the components of sustainability and the components of sustainabilitysustainability

Discuss the actions required for achieving Discuss the actions required for achieving sustainable tourism in the Caribbeansustainable tourism in the Caribbean

WHAT IS TOURISM?WHAT IS TOURISM?

TOURISMTOURISM:: activities of activities of persons traveling to and persons traveling to and staying outside their staying outside their usual environment for usual environment for not more than one not more than one consecutive year for consecutive year for leisure, business and leisure, business and other purposesother purposes

WH0 IS A TOURIST?WH0 IS A TOURIST?

Person who travels to and stay Person who travels to and stay outside their usual environment for outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other for leisure, business and other purposespurposes

TOURISM’S CONTRIBUTION TO TOURISM’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE WORLD ECONOMYTHE WORLD ECONOMY

Economic Economic IndicatorsIndicators

% of Total% of Total

(2006)(2006)

AmountAmount

(2006)(2006)

% of Total% of Total

(2016)(2016)

Amount Amount

(2016)(2016)

Contribution Contribution to GDPto GDP

3.63.6

10.310.3

US$1,754 US$1,754

US$4,964US$4,964

3.63.6

10.910.9

2,969.4 bn2,969.4 bn

8,9728,972

EmploymentEmployment 2.82.8

8.78.7

76.72 mln76.72 mln

234.3mln234.3mln

2.92.9

99

89.4 mln 89.4 mln 279.3 mln279.3 mln

Visitor Visitor ExportsExports

11.811.8 USUS

$1,646.2 bn$1,646.2 bn

10.910.9 USUS

$3,468.4 bn$3,468.4 bn

Personal Personal T&TT&T

Business Business T&TT&T

9.59.5 US$2,844.7 US$2,844.7 bnbn

US675.2 bnUS675.2 bn

9.89.8 US$4,916.3 US$4,916.3 bnbn

US1,190.3 bnUS1,190.3 bn

Capital Capital InvestmentInvestment

9.39.3 US$1,010.7 US$1,010.7 bnbn

9.69.6 US$2,059.8 US$2,059.8 bnbn

Govt. Govt. Operating Operating ExpendituresExpenditures

3.83.8 US$300.2US$300.2 44 US480.9 bnUS480.9 bn

TOURISM’S CONTRIBUTION TO TOURISM’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE CARIBBEAN ECONOMYTHE CARIBBEAN ECONOMY

Economic Economic IndicatorsIndicators

% of Total% of Total

(2006)(2006)

Amount (bn)Amount (bn)

(2006)(2006)

% of Total% of Total

(2016)(2016)

Amount Amount

(2016)(2016)

Contribution to Contribution to GDPGDP

5.15.1

16.416.4US$11.6 US$11.6

US$37.2 US$37.2 5.85.8

18.118.1US$23.7 bn US$23.7 bn

US$73.9US$73.9

EmploymentEmployment 5.15.1

15.415.4881,000 881,000

2.6 mln2.6 mln6.26.2

18.118.11.2 mln1.2 mln

3.6 mln3.6 mln

Visitor ExportsVisitor Exports 21.321.3 US $28.3 US $28.3 22.422.4 US$58.3 bnUS$58.3 bn

Personal T&TPersonal T&T

Business T&TBusiness T&T9.59.5 US$2,844.7 US$2,844.7

bnbn

US675.2 bnUS675.2 bn

9.89.8 US$4,916.3 bnUS$4,916.3 bn

US1,190.3 bnUS1,190.3 bn

Capital Capital InvestmentInvestment

9.39.3 US$1,010.7 US$1,010.7 bnbn

9.69.6 US$2,059.8 bnUS$2,059.8 bn

Govt. Govt. Operating Operating ExpendituresExpenditures

9.59.5 US$2.5 bnUS$2.5 bn 1010 US4.8 bnUS4.8 bn

BENEFITS AND COSTS OF BENEFITS AND COSTS OF TOURISMTOURISM

Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries

Source of foreign exchange and employment in Source of foreign exchange and employment in developing countriesdeveloping countries

Can contribute positively to socio-economic Can contribute positively to socio-economic development and environmental protectiondevelopment and environmental protection

Uncontrolled tourism growth can cause Uncontrolled tourism growth can cause environmental degradation , destruction of fragile environmental degradation , destruction of fragile ecosystems such as coral reefs and mangroves, ecosystems such as coral reefs and mangroves, and social & cultural conflict, undermining the basis and social & cultural conflict, undermining the basis of tourismof tourism

DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS

SUSTAINABLE TOURISMSUSTAINABLE TOURISM::

Is the development and Management Is the development and Management of resources in such a manner that of resources in such a manner that economic, social and aesthetic needs economic, social and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and processes, biological diversity and life support systems (World Tourism life support systems (World Tourism Organization)Organization)

SUSTAINABLE TOURISMSUSTAINABLE TOURISM

Sustainable Tourism has 3 main Sustainable Tourism has 3 main components:components:

EnvironmentalEnvironmental:: Make optimal use of Make optimal use of environmental resources that constitute a environmental resources that constitute a key element in tourism developmentkey element in tourism development

SocialSocial: Respect the socio-cultural : Respect the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities, conserve authenticity of host communities, conserve their built and living cultural heritage and their built and living cultural heritage and traditional values.traditional values.

EconomicEconomic: Ensure viable, long-term : Ensure viable, long-term economic operations, providing socio-economic operations, providing socio-economic benefits to all stakeholders and economic benefits to all stakeholders and contributing to poverty alleviationcontributing to poverty alleviation

CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS Tourism is one of the fastest growing

industries in the world

In the Caribbean, tourism is highly dependent on environmental resources

Uncontrolled tourism growth can cause Uncontrolled tourism growth can cause environmental degradation , environmental degradation , destruction of fragile ecosystems such destruction of fragile ecosystems such as coral reefs and mangroves, and as coral reefs and mangroves, and social & cultural conflict, undermining social & cultural conflict, undermining the basis of tourismthe basis of tourism

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Sustainable tourism is necessary, if tourism is to make positive impacts in the region and preserve the natural environment on which it depends.

Can this be achieved in the Caribbean?

Reference

Association of Caribbean States. http:// www.acsaec.org/Tourism/Turagrmtindexeng.htm

Caribbean Tourism Organization. “Caribbean Tourism Organization Opens 23rd Conference with Challenges to Preserve, Protect & Improve Product”; http://travelfile.com/www/custom/1/012/3837/news/opening.ht mlx

The Courier. “Hospitality is Big Business: Jamaica’s Tourist Sector”; n. 138, March-April 1993